Gholamreza Hamidian
University of Tabriz, Basic Science, Faculty Member
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Nosemosis caused by Vairimorpha ceranae is one of the most important threats to honeybee colonies worldwide. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and intensity of Vairimorpha infection in different types of colonies and locations... more
Nosemosis caused by Vairimorpha ceranae is one of the most important threats to honeybee colonies worldwide. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and intensity of Vairimorpha infection in different types of colonies and locations in Iran. In October 2017 and May 2018, 376 colonies from 97 apiaries were selected for each month according to a randomly clustered design. By considering 3–5 colonies for each apiary, 20 adult bees as pooled samples were collected from each colony. In microscopic analysis, 46.52% and 46.1% of samples in May and October showed Vairimorpha spores, respectively. The infection intensities in May and October were 5.94 ± 0.19 (× 10 6 ) and 5.86 ± 0.23 (× 10 6 ) spores/bee in a pooled sample, respectively. The mean infection intensity ranged from 1.8 to 12.5 (× 10 6 ) spores/bee. Statistically, there were no significant differences in the prevalence and intensity of V. ceranae infection between May and October samples. No significant differences were found among the prevalence rates of infection in the types of colonies; however, the intensity was significantly higher in migratory and mountainous colonies in May and only in migratory colonies in October. There was a significant correlation between the prevalence and intensity of V. ceranae infection ( r 2 = 0.695). PCR analysis showed that the samples were only infected with V. ceranae . No intraspecific variation to V. ceranae was found by direct sequencing of the amplified fragment of 16S rRNA. The obtained sequence was mainly 100% similar to those of V. ceranae isolates from European countries.
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Arsenic (As) contamination in natural water resources has become a great disaster throughout the world posing serious health problems. The current study was performed to evaluate the protective effects of Escherichia coli strain Nissle... more
Arsenic (As) contamination in natural water resources has become a great disaster throughout the world posing serious health problems. The current study was performed to evaluate the protective effects of Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917 (EcN) against As exposure in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Fish were fed three times a day with 4.00% of body weight of diet with different doses (0.00, 1.00 × 106, 1.00 × 107 and 1.00 × 108 CFU g-1) of EcN for 80 days and then, challenged with 20.00 mg L-1 As for 96 hr under stagnant flow. Physicochemical characteristics of the inlet water were temperature of 25.10 ± 0.70 ˚C, pH of 7.30 ± 0.20 and dissolved oxygen of 7.30 ± 0.30 mg L-1 and 50.00% of water was exchanged once a week. Afterwards, fish were euthanized with a clove oil solution (50.00 μL L-1) and tissues were dissected from each fish and immediately fixed in 10.00% buffered formalin. The histopathological results indicated that the supplemented EcN did not have any side effects on various organs. It was also observed that the damages to kidney, liver, gill and skin were pronounced in fish exposed to As. However, the histopathological damages induced by As in fish tissues were less pronounced in the EcN-treated groups compared to the fish fed with the basal diet. Lamellar blood congestion in gills and epidermal cells detachment from the skin surface as well as hepatocytes, enterocytes and tubular necrosis were reduced in treated groups. These findings indicate that EcN has the potential to ameliorate the As-induced organ toxicity.
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BackgroundGrazing in arid and semi‐arid regions faces pregnant ewes with feed restrictions and hence affects the offspring muscle fibre characteristics. Using feed additives that enhance nutrient availability during foetal muscle... more
BackgroundGrazing in arid and semi‐arid regions faces pregnant ewes with feed restrictions and hence affects the offspring muscle fibre characteristics. Using feed additives that enhance nutrient availability during foetal muscle development is expected to alter offspring skeletal muscle characteristics.ObjectivesThis study evaluated the effect of maternal restricted nutrition and supplementation of propylene glycol, monensin sodium and rumen‐protected choline chloride on lamb's muscle fibre characteristics.MethodsForty‐eight Ghezel ewes were randomly allocated to one of six diets (N = 8) during the last 6 weeks of gestation: ad libitum feed intake (AL); restricted feeding (RF); restricted feeding containing propylene glycol (PG); restricted feeding containing propylene glycol and monensin sodium (MS); restricted feeding containing propylene glycol and rumen‐protected choline chloride (RPC); restricted feeding containing propylene glycol, monensin sodium and rumen‐protected chol...
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Background: Epilepcy is a chronic neurological disease, and due to its complex mechanism, the current therapeutic drugs for it are not effective enough. It may have a non-neurological origin such as astrocytes and microglia. Objective... more
Background: Epilepcy is a chronic neurological disease, and due to its complex mechanism, the current therapeutic drugs for it are not effective enough. It may have a non-neurological origin such as astrocytes and microglia. Objective This study aims to investigate the effect of cabergoline and levetiracetam (alone or combined) on the histological and stereological structure of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum in rats with pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizure. Methods: In this experimental study, samples were 30 female rats in five groups of control, seizure (PTZ-induced kindling), seizure+levetiracetam, seizure+cabergoline, seizure+levetiracetam+cabergoline. Levetiracetam and cabergoline were used at 50 and 0.05 mg/kg doses, respectively, and half of these doses were used in the seizure+levetiracetam+cabergoline group. After anesthesia, animals’ brain tissue was removed and after preparing tissue slices, the number of neurons and neuroglia was examined using ster...
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Objective(s): Most male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) experience infertility. It is well established that regular physical activity could alleviate diabetic infertility symptoms. This study was designed to determine the... more
Objective(s): Most male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) experience infertility. It is well established that regular physical activity could alleviate diabetic infertility symptoms. This study was designed to determine the effect of voluntary exercise on sperm malformation. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control (C), diabetic (D), voluntary exercise (Ex), and diabetic-voluntary exercise (D-Ex) groups. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg) followed by a high-fat diet for four weeks. Voluntary exercise was performed by placing the animals in the rotary wheel cages for ten weeks. Sperm malformations were analyzed. Moreover, the hypothalamic leptin, kisspeptin, kisspeptin receptors (KissR), as well as plasma LH, FSH, testosterone, and leptin levels were evaluated. Results: Results showed that induction of T2DM caused increased sperm malformation, plasma, and hypothalamic leptin as wel...
Research Interests: Endocrinology, Infertility, Medicine, Internal Medicine, Hypothalamus, and 3 moreSperm, Leptin, and Kisspeptin
Objective(s): This research was designed to demonstrate the impact of voluntary exercise on sperm parameters including sperm count, morphology, motility, viability, testicular apoptosis, oxidative stress, and the mir-34a/SIRT1/p53 pathway... more
Objective(s): This research was designed to demonstrate the impact of voluntary exercise on sperm parameters including sperm count, morphology, motility, viability, testicular apoptosis, oxidative stress, and the mir-34a/SIRT1/p53 pathway in type 2 diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: 32 Wistar male rats were separated into four groups: control (C), voluntary exercise (VE), diabetic (D), and diabetic rats that performed voluntary exercise (VED). To induce diabetes, animals were injected with streptozotocin (35 mg/kg) after receiving a high-fat diet. The testicular protein levels of SIRT1 and P53, miR-34a expression, MDA, GPx, SOD, catalase, and sperm parameters were evaluated. Results: Diabetes caused increased testicular MDA content, miR-34a expression, acetylated p53 protein expression, and the percent of immotile sperm (P<0.01 to P<0.001) as well as reduced testicular GPx, SOD and catalase activities, SIRT1 protein expression, and sperm parameters (P<0.05 to P<0.001)...
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Objective. Diabetes induces sensory symptoms of neuropathy as positive (hyperalgesia), negative (hypoalgesia), or both. Methods. In the present study, fifty male Wistar rats were allocated to five groups: control, control+nitrate,... more
Objective. Diabetes induces sensory symptoms of neuropathy as positive (hyperalgesia), negative (hypoalgesia), or both. Methods. In the present study, fifty male Wistar rats were allocated to five groups: control, control+nitrate, diabetes, diabetes+insulin, and diabetes+nitrate. Thirty days after diabetes confirmation, insulin (2–4 U/day) was injected subcutaneously in diabetes+insulin group and nitrate (100 mg/l) was added into drinking water of the control+nitrate and diabetes+nitrate groups for a period of 2 months. In order to assess the mechanical and thermal algesia, tail immersion, hot plate, and von Frey tests were performed. The serum insulin levels were determined with insulin ELISA Kit. Serum level of NOx was determined by the Griess method. Results. Both thermal and mechanical nociceptive thresholds showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) which was followed by a significant increase (p<0.01) in the thermal nociceptive threshold in the diabetes group. Chronic nitrat...
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Tsukamurella inchonensis (T. inchonensis) is an aerobic species of Actinomycetales which has immunomodulatory activities when used as a suspension of killed bacilli. Here, the effects of T. inchonensis on lipopolysaccharide-induced... more
Tsukamurella inchonensis (T. inchonensis) is an aerobic species of Actinomycetales which has immunomodulatory activities when used as a suspension of killed bacilli. Here, the effects of T. inchonensis on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in mouse peritoneal macrophages have been examined. Peritoneal macrophages were harvested by lavaging with ice cold phosphate-buffered saline. Macrophages acquired from mice treated with different doses of T. inchonensis for seven days were cultured with 20 U/ml interferon-γ and 10 µg/ml lipopolysaccharide for in vivo assays. Nitrite levels were measured by using the diazotization method based on the Griess reaction, an indirect technique to determine nitric oxide (NO) production. T. inchonensis inhibited lipopolysaccharide-stimulated NO production in mouse peritoneal macrophages from mice previously exposed to concentrations of 108 and 5 × 107 CFU per flask. Also, T. inchonensis decreased lipopolysaccharide-induced production of pr...
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Research Interests: Pharmacology, Chemistry, Medicine, Biological Sciences, Environmental Sciences, and 11 moreToxicity, Selenium, Fish Oil, Blood Urea Nitrogen, Clinical Sciences, CHEMICAL SCIENCES, Cisplatin, Nephrotoxicity, Creatinine, Paediatrics and reproductive medicine, and Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
Objective. The vast majority of type 1 diabetes leads to a higher prevalence of reproductive system’s impairments. Troxerutin has attracted much attention owing to its favorable properties, including antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory,... more
Objective. The vast majority of type 1 diabetes leads to a higher prevalence of reproductive system’s impairments. Troxerutin has attracted much attention owing to its favorable properties, including antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. This investigation was proposed to evaluate whether pretreatment with troxerutin could prevent apoptosis-induced testicular disorders in prepubertal diabetic rats. Methods. Fifty prepubertal male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups: control (C), troxerutin (TX), diabetic (D), diabetic+troxerutin (DTX), and diabetic+insulin (DI). Diabetes was induced by 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin applied intraperitoneally. In TX and DTX groups, 150 mg/kg troxerutin was administered by oral gavage. Diabetic rats in DI group received 2–4 U NPH insulin subcutaneously. Troxerutin and insulin treatments were begun immediately on the day of diabetes confirmation. After 30 days, the testicular lipid peroxidation and antioxidant ac...
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Aim of study: To evaluate the effect of different feeding levels on body weight changes, sexual behavior activities, and spermatogenesis characteristics of testis tissue in immature Iranian breed lambs. Area of study: University of... more
Aim of study: To evaluate the effect of different feeding levels on body weight changes, sexual behavior activities, and spermatogenesis characteristics of testis tissue in immature Iranian breed lambs. Area of study: University of Tabriz, Iran. Material and methods: A total of 40 (start of experiment, 4; after 6 months, 12; 9 months, 12; sexual behavior, 12) two-month-old immature ram lambs were divided into three equal groups and were fed for eight months with three different concentrate mixtures formulated using conventional ingredients based on barley grain. Lambs received the same amount of crude protein with three levels of energy. The diet of the low-energy (LE) group had an energy of 10% lower than the control group, which received a diet with optimum energy of 100% according to the NRC. Lambs in the high-energy (HE) group were fed diets with an energy of 10% higher than the optimum energy group. In each group, four lambs were castrated in three steps, including the ages of ...
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The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of silymarin on maternal cadmium toxicity complications in the kidney of neonatal rats. Forty adults Wistar female rats were selected and placed with male rats for copulation.... more
The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of silymarin on maternal cadmium toxicity complications in the kidney of neonatal rats. Forty adults Wistar female rats were selected and placed with male rats for copulation. The pregnant animals were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8) including control, sham, silymarin, cadmium, and silymarin + cadmium. The animals received 400 mg L-1 cadmium and 100 mg kg-1 silymarin (sub-cutaneously, three days per week, three weeks). Two-day neonates were dissected and their right kidneys were fixed in 10.00% buffered formalin solution and processed by standard paraffin embedding. Tissue sections were stained by hematoxylin and eosin and analyzed histologically and stereologically. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS using a one-way ANOVA test and Tukey's post-hoc. The results showed that silymarin significantly increased the neonatal rats' weight compared to the control group. Cadmium significantly decreased t...
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Background: This study aimed to examine the effects of endurance swimming training during pregnancy on pregnant rat&#39;s neonate liver tissue apoptotic index. Methods: 16 pregnant rats (200 ± 20 g) were divided into two swimming and... more
Background: This study aimed to examine the effects of endurance swimming training during pregnancy on pregnant rat&#39;s neonate liver tissue apoptotic index. Methods: 16 pregnant rats (200 ± 20 g) were divided into two swimming and control groups. The rats of training group were forced from first day of pregnancy to delivery in a particular pool. The sampling of the neonate liver tissue was performed two days after born and the liver apoptotic percent index was determined with TUNEL technique. Statistical analysis of the data was done using independent t-test (ɑ ≤0.05). Results: The results showed that the average neonate liver apoptotic index in the control and training group respectively was 6.40% and 6.20% that indicate no significant difference between two groups (p&lt;0.05). In addition, exercise produced no significant changes in birth weight (p &lt;0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that swimming endurance training during pregnancy maybe have no negative and worrying impact on neonate growth and liver apoptotic index.
Background and Aim: Tapering with herbal remedies may decrease the time for soft tissue injury recovery. In the present study, we investigated the effect of ethanolic extract of Nigella Sativa (NS) consumption during the taper period on... more
Background and Aim: Tapering with herbal remedies may decrease the time for soft tissue injury recovery. In the present study, we investigated the effect of ethanolic extract of Nigella Sativa (NS) consumption during the taper period on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and exercise-induced bronchial changes. Methods: A total of 60 male Wistar rats (five weeks old) were randomized to one of two groups: control (n=10) or exercise training (n=50). After 6 weeks of Incremental Interval Training (IIT) (70 to 35 m/min) the exercise training group were randomized into 4 groups of taper (50 to 25 m/min): 2 weeks taper without NS (I), 2 weeks taper with NS (II), 3 weeks taper without NS (III), 3 weeks taper with NS (IV). The IIT and taper program was performed on a treadmill with exercise performed at intervals. The taper groups with NS, received daily ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa (500 mg/kg) by gavage. Finally, animals were euthanized and the right lobe of the lung was removed. Tissues we...
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Breast cancer (BC) is a significant cause of global mortality in women. This study aimed to evaluate the immune-activation of malignant BC via the administration of attenuated Mycobacterium obuense (M. obuense). For this purpose, an in... more
Breast cancer (BC) is a significant cause of global mortality in women. This study aimed to evaluate the immune-activation of malignant BC via the administration of attenuated Mycobacterium obuense (M. obuense). For this purpose, an in vivo model was developed with BALB/c mice. Mice were injected with 2×106 4T1 cells with breast tumor cell line. Forty-two mice were equally divided into control as well as low dose (0.2 mg/100 µl) and high dose (0.5 mg/100µl) groups of M. obuense to investigate gene expression in the antitumor effects of M. obuense. In one group, paclitaxel was administrated as a choice drug in BC treatment. Antitumor manners were characterized by cytotoxicity against tumor target cells (MTT), size of the tumor, the expression of some BC metastatic genes together with pathology. MTT assay demonstrated that different concentrations of both low and a high doses of bacteria did present no cytotoxicity effect on 4T1 cells. According to our findings, M. obuense significant...
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Purpose: Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers, worlwide. The present study aimed to examine the effects of Scrophularia Oxysepala (SO) methanolic extract on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced colon cancer model in the... more
Purpose: Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers, worlwide. The present study aimed to examine the effects of Scrophularia Oxysepala (SO) methanolic extract on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced colon cancer model in the Wistar rats. Methods: The animals administered DMH (40 mg/kg/S.C.) biweekly for two weeks to induce aberrant crypt foci (ACF). Other groups of animals were given the SO extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/orally once/day) either before or after the DMH treatments. In the end, all animals were killed and at necropsy, the colon samples examined. The ACF, Aberrant crypt (AC), crypt multiplicity (CM), caspase 3 protein and apoptosis measurement were performed. Results: The SO extract significantly (P<0.001) decreased the number of AC, ACF, and CM in all pre and post-treated groups and caused significant increases in Caspase 3 and apoptosis as compared to the DMH group. However, post-treated animals showed significantly more effective than pre-treatment gro...
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementing feed restricted diet with propylene glycol, monensin sodium and rumen-protected choline chloride on blood metabolic status, body condition score (BCS) and... more
Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementing feed restricted diet with propylene glycol, monensin sodium and rumen-protected choline chloride on blood metabolic status, body condition score (BCS) and body weight of ewes in late pregnancy. At the final six weeks of pregnancy, 48 pregnant Ghezel ewes (body weight 65.53 ± 6.90 kg) were randomly allocated into six groups (n = 8) as follows: control (CG, ad libitum); feed restriction (FR, 60 % of the dry matter intake offered to CG group); feed restriction + propylene glycol (67 g/d) (FR-PG); feed restriction + propylene glycol + monensin sodium (30 mg/d) (FR-MS); feed restriction + propylene glycol + rumen-protected choline chloride (6 g/d) (FR-RPC); feed restriction + propylene glycol + monensin sodium + rumen-protected choline chloride (FR-PMC). Blood samples were collected on days 90, 117, 124, 135 and 140 of pregnancy, at lambing and days 7 and 17 after lambing for analysis of glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, total protein, albumin, urea, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), s-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and insulin using the automated biochemical analyzer and ELISA microplate reader. Body weight and BCS of ewes were recorded on days 90, 110, 130 and 140 of pregnancy, at lambing and also day 7 after lambing. All statistical analyses were carried out in a completely randomized design using the MIXED procedure of SAS v.9.3. Results of analysis revealed that pre-parturient administration of rumen-protected choline chloride combined with propylene glycol and monensin sodium elevated both pre- and postpartum concentrations of insulin (P 0.05). Regarding BHBA, NEFA and urea, FR and FR-MS ewes had a higher level of these parameters than other groups (P
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Objectives High fat diet can lead to testicular structural and functional disturbances, spermatogenesis disorders as well as infertility. So, the present investigation was proposed to clarify whether voluntary exercise could prevent high... more
Objectives High fat diet can lead to testicular structural and functional disturbances, spermatogenesis disorders as well as infertility. So, the present investigation was proposed to clarify whether voluntary exercise could prevent high fat diet induced reproductive complications in rats through testicular stress oxidative and apoptosis. Methods Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups; control (C), voluntary exercise (VE), high fat diet (HFD) and high fat diet and voluntary exercise (VE + HFD) groups. The rats in the VE and VE + HFD groups were accommodated in apart cages that had running wheels and the running distance was assessed daily for 10 weeks. In VE + HFD group, animals were fed with HFD for five weeks before commencing exercise. The sperm parameters, the expressions of testicular miR-34a gene, and P53 and SIRT1 proteins as well as testicular apoptosis were analyzed in all groups. Results The results indicated that voluntary exercise in VE + HFD group...
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Background Asthenozoospermia is a usual male infertility factor, characterized by decreased semen quality. It has been revealed that antioxidants improve sperm function, enhance endogenous antioxidant activities, and protect spermatozoa... more
Background Asthenozoospermia is a usual male infertility factor, characterized by decreased semen quality. It has been revealed that antioxidants improve sperm function, enhance endogenous antioxidant activities, and protect spermatozoa against oxidative damage during cryopreservation. This aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin D on sperm kinematics and apoptosis in the semen of bulls with normozoospermia and asthenozoospermia after the freeze-thaw process. For this purpose, 32 semen samples of four Holstein bulls (normozoospermic, progressive motility > 70 %) and 32 semen samples of four bull (asthenozoospermic progressive motility
Research Interests: Andrology, Medicine, Sperm, Vitamin E, Semen, and 3 moreSperm Motility, Semen Quality, and Asthenozoospermia
: Diabetes is one of the main causes of infertility, which impacts the quality of life of couples. These reproductive complications are important issues for all clinicians. The strategies for the treatment of diabetes-induced infertility... more
: Diabetes is one of the main causes of infertility, which impacts the quality of life of couples. These reproductive complications are important issues for all clinicians. The strategies for the treatment of diabetes-induced infertility are limited with the high cost and unsatisfied results. Due to the multi-directional differentiation potential and self-renewal ability of stem cells, these cells have emerged as attractive therapeutic agents in many diseases, including diabetes mellitus. We reviewed the current knowledge on the best available evidence regarding the role of stem cell transplantation in reproductive complications of diabetes.
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The effect of dietary grape ( Vitis vinifera ) seed extract (GSE) on growth performance and mucosal immune parameters in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) fry was studied. Fish (1.3 g mean weight) were randomly distributed in nine... more
The effect of dietary grape ( Vitis vinifera ) seed extract (GSE) on growth performance and mucosal immune parameters in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) fry was studied. Fish (1.3 g mean weight) were randomly distributed in nine tanks (15 fish per tank) and fed diets containing GSE at 0 (control), 100, and 200 mg kg −1 for 60 days. The results showed that growth parameters were enhanced in both treatment groups compared to the control group. Histological examination of fish skin showed higher epidermis thickness, goblet cell density, and volume density in the GSE groups compared to the values of the control group. Furthermore, the villus height, goblet cell density, and intraepithelial lymphocytes were increased in the fish intestine in those fish fed GSE, with respect to control fish. Feeding fish with low dose of GSE (100 mg kg −1 ) up-regulated the expression of some immune-relevant genes, including complement component 3 ( C3 ), lysozyme ( Lys ), omDB-3 , interferon gamma ( IFN-γ ), and tumor necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α ) in different mucosal tissues. However, feeding fish the high dose of GSE (200 mg kg −1 ) mostly enhanced expression of these genes in the skin. Besides, skin mucus of fish fed GSE showed bactericidal activity against Yersinia ruckeri . It was concluded that GSE, especially at 100 mg kg −1 , modulates the growth performance and mucosal immunity of rainbow trout.
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BACKGROUND The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of D-serine (DS) and Dizocilpine (MK-801) on the proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture systems.... more
BACKGROUND The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of D-serine (DS) and Dizocilpine (MK-801) on the proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture systems. METHODS AND RESULTS The SSCs of male NMRI mice were isolated by enzymatic digestion and cultured for two weeks. Then, the identity of SSCs was validated by anti-Plzf and anti-GFR-α1 antibodies via immunocytochemistry (ICC). The proliferation capacity of SSCs was evaluated by their culture on a layer of the decellularized testicular matrix (DTM) prepared from mouse testis, as well as two-dimensional (2D) with different mediums. After two weeks of the initiation of proliferation culture on 3D and 2D medium, the pre-meiotic at the mRNA and protein levels were evaluated via qRT-PCR and flow cytometry methods, respectively. The results showed that the proliferation rate of SSCs in 3D culture with 50 mM glutamic acid and 20 mM D-serine was significantly different from other groups after 14 days treatment. mRNA expression levels of promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (Plzf) in 3D cultures supplemented by 20 mM D-serine and 50 mM glutamic acid were considerably higher than the 3D control group (p < 0.001). The flow cytometry analysis revealed that the amount of Plzf in the 2D-culture groups of SSCs with 20 mM MK-801 was considerably lower compared to the 2D-culture control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that decellularized testicular matrix supplemented with D-serine and glutamic acid could be considered a promising vehicle to support cells and provide an appropriate niche for the proliferation of SSCs.
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Background & objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of endurance swimming exercise training on structural remodeling (volume and parenchymal cell number) and apoptotic index of adrenal gland in pregnant rats... more
Background & objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of endurance swimming exercise training on structural remodeling (volume and parenchymal cell number) and apoptotic index of adrenal gland in pregnant rats exposed to cadmium poisoning. Methods: A total of 32 pregnant rats weighing 200 ± 20 g were randomly divided into four groups of control, cadmium, swimming, and cadmium-swimming. Cadmium dissolved in drinking water was administered to treatment groups, available ad libitum during pregnancy. Swimming exercises 5 days/week and 60 min/day were performed from the first day of gestation until the end of the period. Two days after delivery, the mothers were sacrificed and their adrenal glands were removed. After stabilizing the samples, Hematoxylin-Eosin staining and TUNEL assay were performed, and the number of necrotic and apoptotic cells in 10 microscopic fields was counted randomly. The size of various regions of the adrenal gland and total number of p...
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This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of estradiol benzoate (EB) and FSH on hormonal levels and stereology structure of testis in Ghezel lambs treated with Tamoxifen citrate (TC). Sixteen lambs (105-110 days old) were randomly... more
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of estradiol benzoate (EB) and FSH on hormonal levels and stereology structure of testis in Ghezel lambs treated with Tamoxifen citrate (TC). Sixteen lambs (105-110 days old) were randomly allocated in two groups. The control group (4 lambs) received distilled water (5 ml/day) by oral gavage for 30 days). The treatment group (T 12 lambs) received first Tamoxifen citrate (660 μg/kg by oral gavage for 30 days), and was then allocated into three groups: T-T that received TC (660 μg/kg by oral gavage), T-FSH that received FSH (3 mg/kg, by IM), and T-EB that received EB (3 mg/kg, by IM) for 10 days. The stereological evaluation of the lamb testes showed that the groups T-T, TCFSH and TC-EB showed extensive seminiferous tubular atrophy compared with control group. The administration of TC with EB significantly (P&lt;0.01) improved the volume of germinal epithelium compered to TT group but co-administration of FSH did not induce significant differences in this parameter, in comparison with T-T group (P&lt;0.01). The administration of TC increased the intertubular space, reduced testicular weight, the height of the germinal epithelium, spermatogenic and sertoli-leydig cells number (P&lt;0.01). There was no significant variation on the volume of testis (length, height and width), seminiferous tubule, lumen, capsule and interstitium (P&gt;0.01). Serum testosterone and FSH concentrations were significantly reduced (P&lt;0.01) when lambs were treated with TC 20 mg/kg daily for 30 days. These finding demonstrated that FSH and EB could be useful in improving testicular structure and function of testis following TC treatment.
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High mortality rate of lamb (10 to 77%) around the world is one of the most significant traits which affects sheep farms income (Refshauge et al. 2016). Therefore, a great deal of effort should be put on the care of lambs before, during,... more
High mortality rate of lamb (10 to 77%) around the world is one of the most significant traits which affects sheep farms income (Refshauge et al. 2016). Therefore, a great deal of effort should be put on the care of lambs before, during, and especially after birth, in order to reduce lamb mortality rate below 10 and 30% for single and twin, respectively. For this purpose, ruminant neonates that are hypogammaglobinemia, must be consuming colostrum as a source of immunoglobulin in the first few days of their life to obtain passive immunity (Turkson, 2003; Refshauge et al. 2016). Passive immunity commonly recognized based on IgG level, however, recent studies showed that there are some neonate animals with low levels of IgG and high resistancy to diseases (Gokce et al. 2014). Moreover, Gokce et al. (2014) demonstrated that other significant components of passive immunity such as growth factors, cytokines, acute phase proteins, lactoferrin and some undefined factors could be effective o...
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Abstract Maternal undernutrition during pregnancy impairs offspring behaviours and thereby their survival rate indirectly by decreasing lamb birth weight or by deteriorating milk production which in turn limits bonding of the dam with the... more
Abstract Maternal undernutrition during pregnancy impairs offspring behaviours and thereby their survival rate indirectly by decreasing lamb birth weight or by deteriorating milk production which in turn limits bonding of the dam with the neonate. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of maternal feed restriction during late pregnancy on performance and behaviours of ewes and their lambs. Twenty-four Ghezel ewes were allocated to the three experimental treatments including ad libitum intake (AL); restricted feed intake by 60 % (FR); and propylene glycol- supplemented restricted diet (FR + PG). AL and FR + PG ewes had higher circulating oestradiol (P
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In previous study, the effects of synthesized chitosan/zeolite and nanochitosan/ze-olite composites on rainbow trout growth, digestive enzyme activities and some biochemical parameters were shown. In this study, the effects of... more
In previous study, the effects of synthesized chitosan/zeolite and nanochitosan/ze-olite composites on rainbow trout growth, digestive enzyme activities and some biochemical parameters were shown. In this study, the effects of experimental diets based on the previous study on the rainbow trout intestinal histology and stereol-ogy were assessed: control diet (no zeolite and composite), T1 diet (14.28 g/kg zeo-lite), T2 diet (0.05 g/kg chitosan included in zeolite), T3 diet (0.5 g/kg chitosan included in zeolite), T4 diet (5 g/kg chitosan included in zeolite), T5 diet (0.05 g/kg nanochitosan included in zeolite), T6 diet (0.5 g/kg nanochitosan included in zeo-lite), T7 diet (5 g/kg nanochitosan included in zeolite). The experiment was conducted for 60 days. Results showed that supplemental diets did not have side effect on the normal structure of intestinal segments but administration of T1 and T4 diets had slight negative effects on structural maintenance in the middle part of intestine. Acidic mucin producing goblet cell percentage was also higher in nanocomposites-administrated groups in comparison with the control group. Enhanced villus height, density and finally absorption surface area in different parts of rainbow trout intestine were mainly shown in T7 group. Meanwhile, higher thickness of tunica mascularis in different regions were noted in treatment groups especially in T7 group. The number of intraepithelial mononuclear leukocytes in fish intestine received treatment diets was also higher than control group. In conclusion, nanochitosan/zeolite composites in comparison with zeolite and chitosan/zeolite composites were more effective to improve histological structure of rainbow trout intestine.