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Crime and Criminology is an introduction to the causes of crime. The sixth edition explores the key theories to try and explain criminal behaviour in society, providing students with the opportunity to evaluate how criminologists employ... more
Crime and Criminology is an introduction to the causes of crime. The sixth edition explores the key theories to try and explain criminal behaviour in society, providing students with the opportunity to evaluate how criminologists employ these theories in their analysis of criminological issues.

Written by an expert author team, the twentieth anniversary edition has been thoroughly updated to include new examples and expand on the new directions in crime and criminology.

The book includes learning features designed to engage students in theory and current criminological research by demonstrating how theory can be placed into a modern context or used to frame research. It will provide learning pathways beyond the theory, providing students with the skills to understand their own theoretical perspective and understand the social context, history and concepts behind criminological theory.

New to this edition
• Significant revision to key chapters:
• Expanded coverage of biocriminological and psychological positivism
• Chapter 7: Feminist Perspectives
• Chapter  8: Realistic Approaches
• Chapter  9: Republican Theory and Restorative Justice
• A new chapter on Cultural and Postmodern Criminology.

Rob White is a Professor of Criminology at the School of Social Sciences, University of Tasmania.

Fiona Haines is a Professor of Criminology at the School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Melbourne.

Nicole Asquith is an Associate Professor in Policing and Criminal Justice at the School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University.
This book showcases innovative justice initiatives from around the world which engage offenders, practitioners and communities to reduce reoffending and support desistance and positive change. It is groundbreaking in bringing together... more
This book showcases innovative justice initiatives from around the world which engage offenders, practitioners and communities to reduce reoffending and support desistance and positive change. It is groundbreaking in bringing together inspiring ideas and pioneering practices to analyse how ‘justice done differently’ is making a difference.

The voices and experiences of the people at the forefront of these innovative initiatives are presented throughout the book, including offenders, corrections staff and directors, the judiciary, scientists and academics, volunteers and community organisations. Strengths-based research methods are used to investigate and celebrate best practices and ‘good news stories’ from the field. The authors raise critical questions about what is considered innovative and effective, for whom and in what context, presenting their own conceptual approach for analysing innovation.

With initiatives drawn from diverse jurisdictions and cultures – including the UK, Europe, Australia, Asia, the US and South America – this book showcases original ideas and refreshing developments that have the potential to transform rehabilitation and reintegration practices. The book’s substance and style will resonate with practitioners, students and academics across the interdisciplinary fields of criminology and criminal justice.

‘For too long "innovation" has been a dirty word in the field of rehabilitation studies, for fear that anything that deviated from the official script would be deemed correctional "quackery". In this remarkable new book, the quacks strike back! Graham and White have assembled an incredible resource for a new generation of rehabilitation scholars and practitioners unafraid to experiment in the name of better outcomes, and, frankly, better science. Innovative Justice is precisely the right book for a true rehabilitation revolution.’ - Professor Shadd Maruna, Dean of the School of Criminal Justice, Rutgers University Newark, USA

‘This fresh and inspirational book celebrates imaginative and progressive work in many different countries that is making a positive difference to the lives of offenders and those around them. Rather than being preoccupied with risks or needs, these initiatives have in common the guiding belief that creative activities and self-expression enable people to flourish: the route to desistance is most likely to be found by affording people opportunities to transcend their identity as offenders by developing their strengths and achieving their potential.’ - Rob Canton, Professor in Community and Criminal Justice, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK

‘One of the most pressing questions facing criminology today is this: What good can criminal justice do? This isn't just a technical question about "what works". Rather, it suggests a much deeper challenge to frame what Durkheim called "the mission of justice" constructively and to make criminal justice mean something more than, and something better than, harm reduction or containment. Graham and White's excellent and inspiring new collection offers us tantalising glimpses of some possible answers and deserves to be read by anyone and everyone who cares about justice in any of its forms.’ - Fergus McNeill, Professor of Criminology & Social Work, University of Glasgow, UK
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This chapter presents a bounded analysis of the nature and impact of innovation in criminal justice contexts. Implicit within this reflexive critique are some evocative questions. What constitutes innovation and who or what is being... more
This chapter presents a bounded analysis of the nature and impact of innovation in criminal justice contexts. Implicit within this reflexive critique are some evocative questions. What constitutes innovation and who or what is being reformed? What makes advances in criminal justice just? According to whom and to benefit whom? Calls for criminal justice reform and public service innovation continue to saturate public, professional and academic discourses in many jurisdictions. Yet, while support for change in principle may be widely observed, it is not matched by a commensurate level of consensus regarding the forms and directions changes might take in practice, and why.

In this chapter, we present one possible schema whereby innovation in criminal justice contexts can be analysed in a more systematic fashion. Specifically, after describing ‘social innovation’ as the central concept of interest here, we start to test its possibilities by interrogating it in terms of what Siedman (2010) calls strategies of amelioration, disruption and transformation, and accommodation. In doing this, we reflect on the extent to which creative and pioneering forms of social innovation may be used not only to benefit the people involved, but also the extent to which they ameliorate, disrupt and transform, or accommodate macro-processes of mass supervision and hyper-incarceration. Against the backdrop of contemporary criminal justice systems and penal cultures, we use this schema to demonstrate that innovation is not morally or politically neutral. In other words, not all that is ‘innovative’ is necessarily good or just (Graham and White, 2014). Questions about the forms and functions (‘what’, ‘where’ and ‘how’) of innovation in criminal justice should not be divorced from questions about its architects and beneficiaries, including their intentions and ideologies (‘who’ and ‘why’). Attention is drawn to issues of power and politics in considering which ‘innovative’ justice initiatives are genuinely predicated on a logic of reform, and those which paradoxically propagate the status quo or mask the sources and effects of the carceral problems they are supposed to resolve.
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And 9 more

This article considers corruption in Australia in relation to the exploitation and preservation of natural resources. In doing so, it examines issues pertaining to a proposed pulp mill and the forestry industry in Tasmania, the... more
This article considers corruption in Australia in relation to the exploitation and preservation of natural resources. In doing so, it examines issues pertaining to a proposed pulp mill and the forestry industry in Tasmania, the development of mining and ports in Queensland, and international agreements pertaining to deep-sea oil drilling in the Timor Sea. Corruption relating to the environment is interpreted in this article as implying both moral corruption and/or direct corruption. Gaining unfair advantage, protecting specific sectoral interests and over-riding existing environmental regulations are all features of the types of corruption associated with the exploitation of natural resources. The result is lack of transparency, a substantial democratic deficit, and expenditure of public monies, time and resources in support of environmentally and socially dubious activities.
The task of trying to understand, interpret and act upon matters that are often systemic, complicated and intrinsically inter-connected poses certain dilemmas for the criminologist. For instance, our interest and knowledge in this area... more
The task of trying to understand, interpret and act upon matters that are often systemic, complicated and intrinsically inter-connected poses certain dilemmas for the criminologist. For instance, our interest and knowledge in this area may well be growing (albeit from a rudimentary base), ...
This book relates concerns about human behavior that causes deterioration in the quality of the natural environment to the core concerns of criminology, while charting new directions for defining and responding to crimes against nature.... more
This book relates concerns about human behavior that causes deterioration in the quality of the natural environment to the core concerns of criminology, while charting new directions for defining and responding to crimes against nature. ... * A link to the full-text document is provided ...
... The aim of this paper is to explore the nature of group behaviour and group violence that is essentially spontaneous in nature. One example of this is the Cronulla riots. Another example is gatecrashing. ... This is worth considering... more
... The aim of this paper is to explore the nature of group behaviour and group violence that is essentially spontaneous in nature. One example of this is the Cronulla riots. Another example is gatecrashing. ... This is worth considering in the post-Cronulla riot investigations. ...
In charting out the ‘four ways’ of eco-global criminology, this paper discusses the importance of recognising and acting in regards to the differences evident in (1) ways of being (ontology), (2) ways of knowing (epistemology), (3) ways... more
In charting out the ‘four ways’ of eco-global criminology, this paper discusses the importance of recognising and acting in regards to the differences evident in (1) ways of being (ontology), (2) ways of knowing (epistemology), (3) ways of doing (methodology) and (4) ways of valuing (axiology). The paper assumes and asserts that global study of environmental crime is essential to the green criminology project, and particularly an eco-global criminology approach. Specific instances of criminal and harmful activity therefore need to be analysed in the context of broad international social, political, economic and ecological processes. The article outlines the key ideas of eco-global criminology, a perspective that argues that global study must always be inclusive of voices from the periphery and margins of the world’s metropolitan centres, and critical of the social relations that sustain the epistemological as well as material realities and legacies of colonialism and imperialism. Ye...
Although there are no national data on youth gangs in Australia there is a perception that youth gangs are an emerging problem. This paper draws largely on overseas attempts to deal with gang related activity and the extent to which they... more
Although there are no national data on youth gangs in Australia there is a perception that youth gangs are an emerging problem. This paper draws largely on overseas attempts to deal with gang related activity and the extent to which they have been successful. The most ...
ABSTRACT Several major theoretical issues which have emerged in Australian youth studies in recent years are identified. Broad conceptual developments in youth studies are discussed, and an overview of the main analytical issues... more
ABSTRACT Several major theoretical issues which have emerged in Australian youth studies in recent years are identified. Broad conceptual developments in youth studies are discussed, and an overview of the main analytical issues associated with doing youth research in the Australian context is provided. More specifically, the ways in which assumptions relating to youth agency and social structure influence how youth issues are constructed are examined. This is illustrated through a discussion of how Australian researchers have dealt with issues such as youth homelessness, youth unemployment, and youth marginalization.
ABSTRACT This article explores the political, economic and ecological context within which environmental insecurity emerges and feeds back into a fortress mentality. Shortages of food, water and energy sources are the trigger for... more
ABSTRACT This article explores the political, economic and ecological context within which environmental insecurity emerges and feeds back into a fortress mentality. Shortages of food, water and energy sources are the trigger for nefarious activities involving organized criminal networks, transnational corporations and governments at varying political levels. The consequences of such activities contribute to even more ruthless exploitation of rapidly vanishing natural resources, as well as the further diminishment of air, soil and water quality. These developments, in turn, exacerbate the competitive scramble by individuals, groups and nations for what is left. The accompanying insecurities and vulnerabilities ensure elite and popular support for self-interested ‘security’. Accordingly, the ‘fortress’ is being constructed and reconstructed at individual, local, national and regional levels—as both an attitude of mind and a material reality. Fundamentally, the basis for this fortress mentality is linked to decades of neo-liberal policy and practice that have embedded an individualizing and competitive self-interest that, collectively, is overriding prudent and precautionary policy construction around climate change and environmental degradation. The net result is that security is being built on a platform of state, corporate and organized group wrongdoing and injustice, in many instances with the implied and/or overt consent of relevant publics. Yet, as long as the fortification continues apace, it will contribute to and further exacerbate varying levels of insecurity for all.
This paper provides a case study of recent work undertaken in Melbourne relating to a mall re-development project. It begins by discussing the nature of shopping centres as sites of consumption and non-commercial social activities. It... more
This paper provides a case study of recent work undertaken in Melbourne relating to a mall re-development project. It begins by discussing the nature of shopping centres as sites of consumption and non-commercial social activities. It then describes planning and development strategies that provide innovative and socially progressive interventions in regard to the social, physical and regulatory environments of public
Abstract: In order to employ strategies to prevent the development of criminal or violent youth gangs, it is necessary to know what gangs are or what they are not and what they do. This paper presents a description and understanding of... more
Abstract: In order to employ strategies to prevent the development of criminal or violent youth gangs, it is necessary to know what gangs are or what they are not and what they do. This paper presents a description and understanding of gangs in Australia, specifically ...
The rise of scientific and popular concern over the fate of the planetlinked to problems such as deforestation, desertification, depletion of the ozone layer, the greenhouse effect, water and air pollution-has rekindled the debate over... more
The rise of scientific and popular concern over the fate of the planetlinked to problems such as deforestation, desertification, depletion of the ozone layer, the greenhouse effect, water and air pollution-has rekindled the debate over issues such as' sustainable development' ...
The aim of this chapter is to raise a series of questions and issues relating to the nature of urban street life. The intention is to survey a wide range of concerns revolving around the manner in which the'street'is socially,... more
The aim of this chapter is to raise a series of questions and issues relating to the nature of urban street life. The intention is to survey a wide range of concerns revolving around the manner in which the'street'is socially, and physically constructed in contemporary society, ...
To download this abstract, check the box next to the NCJ number then click the "Back To Search Results" link. Click the "Download" button on the Search Results page. ... This paper reviews antigang intervention... more
To download this abstract, check the box next to the NCJ number then click the "Back To Search Results" link. Click the "Download" button on the Search Results page. ... This paper reviews antigang intervention strategies in Australia, including their limits and possibilities in ...

And 138 more