Ambiguity

Many employees in today’s organizations are involved in more than one team at the same time. Building on the challenge‐hindrance stressor framework, this study investigates potential benefits and disadvantages of such multiple team membership (MTM) for individual employees. Furthermore, we extend this framework with insights from the job demands‐resources model to propose that, depending on an employee’s organizational tenure, individual MTM will differentially shape his or her perceptions of work challenge and role ambiguity, subsequently influencing the employee’s job performance and absenteeism. We tested our conceptual model using time‐lagged multi‐source data from a large organization of applied research (N = 1211). Our results demonstrate that, for employees with relatively low organizational tenure, MTM was negatively associated with perceived work challenge and positively associated with perceived role ambiguity, which in turn associated with lower job performance and higher...

One of the common tasks in clinical natural language processing is medical entity linking (MEL) which involves mention detection followed by linking the mention to an entity in a knowledge base. One reason that MEL has not been solved is due to a problem that occurs in language where ambiguous texts can be resolved to several named entities. This problem is exacerbated when processing text found in electronic health records. Recent work has shown that deep learning models based on transformers outperform previous methods on linking at higher rates of performance. We introduce NeighBERT, a custom pre-training technique which extends BERT \citep{devlin-etal-2019-bert} by encoding how entities are related within a knowledge graph. This technique adds relational context that has been traditionally missing in original BERT, helping resolve the ambiguity found in clinical text. In our experiments, NeighBERT improves the precision, recall and F1-score of the state of the art by 1--3 points...

All biblical scholars are committed to the interpretation of ancient written texts, but Biblical Performance Criticism (BPC) reminds interpreters that performance helps us better understand Scripture. A distinct difference between Narrative Criticism and Performance Criticism is the broader application of Performance Criticism to poetic and prose texts that are not grounded in narrative. The ambiguity of prose and poetry that does not readily identify speakers is open to a range of performative interpretations. Furthermore, audiences are necessary for performance and contribute to meaning-making. The embodied experience of performers and audience alike contribute to the interpretation of biblical texts. This article reflects on a performance of Ecclesiastes translated as a script of a television talk show, claiming that embodying and performing Scripture is itself a method for interpretation. Through the performance of Scripture, we are reminded that interpretation is shared and dyn...

Purpose: The main objective of the research is to identify a competence gap in "Industry4.0" – the difference between the competencies currently acquired by students at universities with a technical and economic profile, and the competencies desired by companies from the industrial processing sector. Design/methodology/approach: Empirical material was obtained in two studies. The first survey was conducted among 120 companies in the industrial engineering sector, while the second was carried out among over a thousand students and graduates of economic and technical universities. Findings: This work contributes to an in-depth understanding of companies’ needs regarding “Manager 4.0” competencies, and enables the identification of existing educational gaps. Our research results show that there is a competence gap on the labour market in each of the analysed categories of competencies: social, personal, managerial, technical and professional. At the same time, some difference...

Today an evidence-based medicine has given number of medical practice clinical guidelines and protocols. Clinical guidelines systematically assist practition-ers with providing appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances. However, a significant number of ...

The precise selection of suppliers to fulfill production requirements is a fundamental component of all manufacturing and process industries. Due to the increasing consumption levels, green supplier selection (GSS) has been one of the most important issues for environmental preservation and sustainable growth. The present work aims to develop a technique based on Fermatean hesitant fuzzy rough set (FHFRS), a robust fusion of Fermatean fuzzy set, hesitant fuzzy set, and rough set for GSS in the process industry. On the basis of the operational rules of FHFRS, a list of innovative Fermatean hesitant fuzzy rough weighted averaging operators has been established. Further, several intriguing features of the proposed operators are highlighted. To cope with the ambiguity and incompleteness of real-world decision-making (DM) challenges, a DM algorithm has been developed. To illustrate the applicability of the methodology, a numerical example for the chemical processing industry is presented...

 Recent translation theories and descriptive translation studies emphasize the power of translated texts as shaping forces in literary canons as well as the ideological appropriation which the works of translators conceal. French cultural ascendancy in eighteenth and nineteenth century Spain is widely acknowledged, especially in the case of the reception of English, German and Russian literature. However, apart from early research in the field of literary comparativism, French mediation in translation has received inadequate attention in Spanish speaking countries. In this article we intend to analyse the ideological manipulation traced in three Hispanic versions of W.M. Thackeray’s Vanity Fair (1847-48) published between 1860 and 1930, which used the 1853 French translation of the Victorian classic as their source text. Particular consideration will be given to those conflictual translated texts concerning the sexual role of the main male and female characters which wipe out the am...

This is a reading of Shakespeare's tragedy, Othello (1603), as an intellectual play about the ambiguities of self-knowledge. While acknowledging the influence of philosophical scepticism, exemplified primarily by the character of Iago, the chapter focuses on the non-sceptical characters' fear of doubt as well as on the discord between their beliefs and Iago's incredulity. A twofold understanding of fear of doubt is proposed: Its passive aspect, exhibited by the female characters in the play, involves radical suppression of doubt before it has reached conscious awareness; the active aspect of fear of doubt, epitomized by the character of Othello, can be described as the inability to tolerate disbelief and uncertainty and the need for a radical resolution. This approach to the play reveals some of the principles behind its paradoxical plausibility and elucidates the differences in its reception as a text and as a theatrical performance.

This paper presents a model of language processing where word segmentation is an integral part of sentence analysis. We show that the use of a parser can enable us to achieve the best ambiguity resolution in word segmentation. The lexical component of this model resolves most of the ambiguities, but the final disambiguation takes place in the parsing process. In this model, word segmentation is a by-product of sentence analysis, where the correct segmentation is represented by the leaves of a parse tree. We also show that the complexity usually associated with the use of a parser in segmentation can be reduced dramatically by using a dictionary that contains useful information on word segmentation. With the aid of such information, the sentence analysis process is reasonably fast and does not suffer from the problems other people have encountered. The model is implemented in NLPWin, the general-purpose language understanding system developed at Microsoft Research. A demo of the syst...

Based on the current trend of WEB-marketing stategy the article presents a Romanian SME case study. During the case study are detailed all the steps taken by the SMEs in the process of assuring an online presence (development and establishment of the SME’s online portal). The literature review shows that without WEB-marketing techinques the company and its services remains unknown. The portal developement makes use of web 3.0 tools, such as bootstap technology, open source software and paradigm and cloud services - Qlik Sense business intelligence (BI). The BI interface offer wide capabilities of data extracting, manipulation and complex analyzes

Teachers/lecturers typically adapt their teaching to respond to students' emotions, e.g. provide more examples when they think the students are confused. While getting a feel of the students' emotions is easier in small settings, it is much more difficult in larger groups. In these larger settings tex-tual feedback from students could provide information about learning-related emotions that students experience. Prediction of emotions from text, however, is known to be a difficult problem due to language ambiguity. While prediction of general emotions from text has been reported in the literature , very little attention has been given to prediction of learning-related emotions. In this paper we report several experiments for predicting emotions related to learning using machine learning techniques and n-grams as features, and discuss their performance. The results indicate that some emotions can be distinguished more easily then others .