Clouds

In last two decades continues increase of comput-ational power and recent advance in the
web technology cause to provide large amounts of data. That needs large scale data
processing mechanism to handle this volume of data. MapReduce is a programming model
for large scale distributed data processing in an efficient and transparent way. Due to its
excellent fault tolerance features, scalability and the ease of use. Currently, there are several
options for using MapReduce in cloud environments, such as using MapReduce as a service,
setting up one’s own MapReduce cluster on cloud instances, or using specialized cloud
MapReduce runtimes that take advantage of cloud infrastructure services. Cloud computing
has recently emerged as a new paradigm that provide computing infrastructure and large
scale data processing mechanism in the network. The cloud is on demand, scalable and high
availability so implement of MapReduce on the top of cloud services cause faster, scalable
and high available MapReduce framework for large scale data processing. In this paper we
explain how to implement MapReduce in the cloud and also have a comparison between
implementations of MapReduce on AzureCloud, Amazon Cloud and Hadoop at the end.

The article subject tends to precipitation enhancement inside natural clouds through acoustical affect. Two models are analyzed and compared to calculate droplet's amplitudes during their vibrations inside acoustic waves. The optimal regimes are considered for acoustic impact on natural clouds of different types. A neighboring droplet's distances in cloud are analyzed depend on cloud parameters of liquid water content and droplets size spectrum including their lognormal size distribution. The minimum level of acoustic energy is indicated for treated cloud to ensure the collision of droplets during their vibration in acoustic field. Additional moderate effect of water vapor condensation on droplets in supersaturated cloud media is considered.

Metaverse is a new phenomena. While specific companies try to
capitalize on the metaverse development, the latter potentially evolves
in fits and beginnings, with some more time before across-the-board
adoption. This is given that essential technologies still require optimizing
their functionality, comfort of service, and price. Retail, digital design,
art, concerts, performances, entertainment, and esports are all projects
that will be in demand in the digital meta-market in the coming years. At
the same time, it must be said that the market for such solutions is still
growing. Over the years, the demand for projects will increase, based on
the experience of already completed transactions.
Like any other pilot technological project, the metaverse, its concept,
and the interaction between the players require significant
improvements. In addition to implementing technological solutions, this
concerns legal regulation while developing new economic opportunities,
there are risks associated with the currently unresolved issue of
introducing legal norms affecting different categories of legal relations in
the virtual space since it has no physical boundaries

This project is to development the centralized cloud-based system using sensors that monitor and analyse air pollution. The collected data by sensor node stored on cloud server that can be accessed through web browser from anywhere using website.

Due to real-time monitoring of environment, quick action can be taken for the presence of pollutant in environment. This project aim is to track of air quality of surrounding and keep the data updated over internet. Readings are taken in real time and through out day.

We developed graphs that easily analysis percentage of pollutant in particular area. The LCD display continuously shows the real time values of gas sensor.

Realistic simulation of natural phenomena such as clouds is one of the most challenging problems facing computer graphics. The complexity of cloud formation, dynamics and light interaction makes real time cloud rendering a difficult task. In addition, traditional computer graphics methods involve high amounts of memory and computing resources, which currently limits their realism and speed. We propose an efficient and computationally inexpensive phenomenological approach for modelling and rendering cumulus clouds, by drawing on several approaches that we combine and extend. This paper focuses on the modelling of the cloud’s shape, rendering and sky model but is does not deal with the animation of the cloud.

The Internet of things is a platform, which connects and controls the real word objects through a wireless network. This paper presents a novel approach to collect the data from the sensors, which resides on a Mechatronic devices. Using communication protocols these devices are integrated with the cloud based IoT data logger. There will be a communication between the data logger and the server. Android based application developed will monitor the action of devices.

When the Corona-virus pandemic hit the world, executing and performing the jobs of the remote world became an imperative, this pandemic became as motivator to create this study which aimed to reveal the advantages and threats that encounter the implementing of Cloud Accounting Information Systems CAIS from the view point of external auditors. For that purpose, a questionnaire was developed and distributed then from 198 valid questionnaires which were analyzed by a T-test. It has been found that the main advantages are a reduction of labor and overtime costs because of the ability to access the system from anywhere, while penetration, interruption, and confidentiality are the main threats, also it was found that there is a strong relationship between implementing cloud accounting information systems (CAIS) and the limiting manipulation of financial information. The study therefore recommended upgrading the security procedures of cloud accounting systems and holding courses for audito...

Billing in Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is a complex task that is often compromised due to lack of various interactions (Consumer, Provider, Budget Manager, Agent and Online Payment) simultaneously along with necessary features like discount, tax, plan etc. Until Billing is considered as a last essential ability, appropriate framework cannot be provided to IaaS cloud consumers. In this paper, IaaS Online Billing System (IOBS) has been proposed that describes transparency of consumption, billing and frequency of usage of services for a cloud based pay per use system. This system describes various interactions of network and user interface. The billing rules have been stored in a database. The model has been verified through UML that demonstrates that IOBS is effective in improving user interaction by reducing time and increasing customer satisfaction.

Resource scheduling in cloud is a challenging job and the scheduling of appropriate resources to cloud workloads depends on the QoS requirements of cloud applications. In cloud environment, heterogene-ity, uncertainty and dispersion of resources encounters problems of allocation of resources, which cannot be addressed with existing resource allocation policies. Researchers still face troubles to select the efficient and appropriate resource scheduling algorithm for a specific workload from the existing literature of resource scheduling algorithms. This research depicts a broad methodical literature analysis of resource management in the area of cloud in general and cloud resource scheduling in specific. In this survey, standard methodical literature analysis technique is used based on a complete collection of 110 research papers out of large collection of 1206 research papers published in 19 foremost workshops, symposiums and conferences and 11 prominent journals. The current status of resource scheduling in cloud computing is distributed into various categories. Methodical analysis of resource scheduling in cloud computing is presented, resource scheduling algorithms and management , its types and benefits with tools, resource scheduling aspects and resource distribution policies are described. The literature concerning to thirteen types of resource scheduling algorithms has also been stated. Further, eight types of resource distribution policies are described. Methodical analysis of this research work will help researchers to find the important characteristics of resource scheduling algorithms and also will help to select most suitable algorithm for scheduling a specific workload. Future research directions have also been suggested in this research work.

This article examines Aristophanes’ Clouds within the framework of the ritual events of the Great Dionysia, drawing parallels between those events and various textual and performative aspects of the play. It is argued that scholarship to date has largely subordinated the play’s ritual aspects, examination of which reveals that in fact Aristophanes has crafted a vigorous
defense of polis religion against the ‘new thinking’ and ‘new gods’ represented by the play’s foil, Socrates.

Clouds and Wasps share a common theme: the problematic relationship between father and son. Is it a simple affinity, or is there something more? The first part of this paper aims to show that the two plays share more profound features. The second part of the paper will offer a parallel reading of Clouds and Wasps, showing that the two fathers are described in a similar way, but with quite opposite ends.

Modul Fisika Awan yang disusun dari berbagai literatur.

Disusun oleh:
Adelina Lumban Gaol
Aji Kusjantho
Akbar Zudhan Naufali
Alfa Centauri Kusumawardhani
Ambinari Rachmi Putri
Ayu Vista Wulandari
Bayu Santoso
Desak Made Pera Rosita Dewi
Ejha Larasati Siadari
Eka Trimas Widyatmoko
Faizal Wempy
Fatimah Mega Sugihartati
Ibrahim Muassis
Iwan Wahyu Nugroho (TB AURI)
Jesnny Claudia Grimeldi Haurissa
Joko Santoso
Karina Husna
Khafid Rizki Pratama
Miftahul Jannah
Mohammad Darul Muhlashin
Ni Kadek Trisna Dewi
Perdana Reynaldi Augus Usior
Prayoga Ismail
Rahmatia Dewi Ariyanti
Rezza Primadi
Rizka Erwin Lestari
Santonius Sandi Pabontongan
Satriana Roguna
Umi Saadah
Winda Retha Taranita
Wishnu Agum Swastiko
Yudi Setya Permana
Zaky Alin Nuary

Kelas Meteorologi 4 B (2016)

Semoga Bermanfaat!

Cloudscapes. Interpretations of a cloud motif in the landscape of 1820-1920. A motif of cloud in the landscape painting has been so far overlooked marginalized. In the rather limited research on the subject, dominated by meteorological studies and Hubert Damisch’s A Theory of /Cloud/: Toward a History of Painting, a thorough interpretation of the motif and its symbolism, especially in the painting of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, is missing. It is then when a cloud becomes an independent subject of landscape painting by many European painters, as well as popular in poetry and music. Applying a division into three methods: “naturalistic”, “romantic” and “symbolic”, analysis with interpretation of selected paintings from 1820-1920 was undertaken in this paper. The author introduces a Polish term for cloudscapes, namely: chmurobraz/chmuromalarstwo in order to define the subject of research.

Motyw chmur w malarstwie pejzażowym był dotąd pomijany lub marginalizowany. W dość okrojonych badaniach nad tematem, w których dominują opracowania meteorologiczne i Teoria /obłoku/ Huberta Damischa, brakuje jednak solidnej interpretacji motywu chmur i ich symboliki, szczególnie w malarstwie przełomu XIX i XX wieku. To właśnie w tym okresie bardzo często chmura/obłok staje się samodzielnym tematem pejzaży wielu malarzy europejskich, motyw jest równie popularny w poezji i muzyce. Stosując podział na trzy metody badawcze: „naturalistyczną”, „romantyczną” i „symboliczną”, podjęto tu analizę wybranych obrazów z lat 1820-1920 z zaproponowaniem interpretacji tego motywu. W pracy zastosowano również nowy termin „chmurobraz”/ „chmuromalarstwo” dla określenia przedmiotu badań.

Cloud gaming is an emerging technology that combines cloud computing with computer games. Compared to traditional gaming, its core advantages include ease of development/deployment for developers, and lower technology costs for users given the potential to play on thin client devices. In this chapter, we firstly describe the approach, and then focus on the impact of latency, known as lag, on Quality of Experience, for so-called First Person Shooter games. We outline our approach to lag compensation whereby we equalize within reason the up and downlink delays in real-time for all players. We describe the testbed in detail, the open source Gaming Anywhere platform, the use of NTP to synchronise time, the network emulator and the role of the centralized log server. We then present results that firstly validate the mechanism and also use small scale and preliminary subjective tests to assess and prove its performance. We conclude the chapter by outlining ongoing and future work.

3rd International Conference on Cloud Computing and IOT (CCCIOT 2022) will provide an
excellent  international  forum  for  sharing  knowledge  and  results  in  theory,  methodology  and
applications of Cloud computing and IoT. The aim of the conference  is to provide a platform to
the  researchers  and  practitioners  from  both  academia  as  well  as  industry  to  meet  and  share
cutting-edge development in the field.
Authors are solicited to contribute to the conference by submitting articles that illustrate research
results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in
the following areas, but are not limited to.

3rd International Conference on Cloud, Big Data and IoT (CBIoT 2022) will act as a major forum for the presentation of innovative ideas, approaches, developments, and research projects in the areas of Cloud, Big Data and IoT. It will also serve to facilitate the exchange of information between researchers and industry professionals to discuss the latest issues and advancement in the area of Cloud, Big Data and IoT.

Buying a car entails a cost, not counting the day to day high price tag of gasoline. People are looking for viable means of transportation that is cost-effective and can move its way through traffic faster. In the Philippines, motorcycle was the answer to most people transportation needs. With the increasing number of a motorcycle rider in the Philippines safety is the utmost concern. Today technology plays a huge role on how this safety can be assured. We now see advances in connected devices. Devices can sense its surrounding through sensor attach to it. With this in mind, this study focuses on the development of a wearable device named Smart Motorcycle Helmet or simply Smart Helmet, whose main objective is to help motorcycle rider in times of emergency. Utilizing sensors such as alcohol level detector, crash/impact sensor, Internet connection thru 3G, accelerometer, Short Message Service (SMS) and cloud computing infrastructure connected to a Raspberry Pi Zero-W and integrating a separate Arduino board for the anti-theft tracking module is used to develop the propose Internet-of Things (IoT) device. Using quantitative method and descriptive type research, the researchers validated the results from the inputs of the participant who tested the smart helmet during the alpha and beta testing process. Taking into account the ethical consideration of the volunteers, who will test the Smart Helmet. To ensure the reliability of the beta and alpha testing, ISO 25010 quality model was used for the assessment focusing on the device accuracy, efficiency and functionality. Based on the inputs and results gathered, the proposed Smart Helmet IoT device can be used as a tool in helping a motorcycle rider when an accident happens to inform the first-responder of the accident location and informing the family of the motorcycle rider.

Joni Mitchell, a Canadian singer-songwriter, came to be one of the most important figures of the revolution of the United States’ musical landscape during the decades of 1960 and 1970. The decades before had been ruled by an atmosphere of conformity, materialism, and alienation, while the 1960s were the heyday of a plethora of social and political movements that fought against those post-war values, in which are included the women’s liberation movement and the counterculture. In spite of deliberately not aligning herself with the countercultural movement and not complying to labels, Mitchell’s transformative lyrics found a home in a group of people behind the movements of the era. In this paper, I examine how Mitchell’s striking songwriting ability was a meaningful and influential element for the zeitgeist’s transformation. I consider how her lyrics (which were part of the Laurel Canyon’s social, musical and lyrical revolution), reflected a striking change of attitude towards the world for a specific but large group of women, by means of an analysis of lyrics from a number of songs from her first five records. In line with this analysis, it is also pondered how Mitchell’s lyrics contributed to the redefinition of concepts regarding women’s emancipation and independence. This focus on her songwriting allows us to understand how massive her influence was to the development not only of the woman in particular (herself) but of women in general, as it highlighted the gap between society’s expectations of them and their own expectations of society.

This article argues that Aristophanes’ Clouds treats Socrates as distinctly interested in promoting self-knowledge of the sort related to self-improvement. Section I shows that Aristophanes links the precept γνῶθι σαυτόν (‘know yourself’) with Socrates. Section II outlines the meaning of that precept for Socrates. Section III describes Socrates’ conversational method in the Clouds as aimed at therapeutic self-revelation. Section IV identifies the patron Cloud deities of Socrates’ school as also concerned to bring people to a therapeutic self-understanding, albeit in a different register from that of Socrates. Section V discusses a sequence of jokes connected to ‘stripping’ that give a concrete image to the search for self knowledge. Both the action of the Clouds and the tales of cloak-stripping provide models for understanding self-knowledge in a Socratic key. Section VI argues that Socrates’ other interest in the phrontistērion, myth-rationalization, is consistent with the promotion of self knowledge. Section VII supports the claim that Plato’s Phaedrus alludes constantly to the Clouds, and because the Phaedrus pays careful attention to self-knowledge, Plato must think that the Clouds does too. It notes in particular that we can explain the Platonic Socrates’ famous self-knowledge-related curiosity about his similarity to Typhon (230a) as Plato’s allusion to Aristophanes, an allusion made apt by Aristophanes’ coordination of Socrates with self-knowledge. Section VIII concludes the paper.

3rd International Conference on Cloud Computing and IOT (CCCIOT 2022) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of Cloud computing and IoT. The aim of the conference is to provide a platform to the researchers and practitioners from both academia as well as industry to meet and share cutting-edge development in the field. Authors are solicited to contribute to the conference by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in the areas of Cloud computing and Internet of Things.

John Ruskin’s cloud aesthetics develop a coherent, if figurative, inquiry into the nature of human liberty. His changing accounts of cloud formations across Modern Painters gradually place more emphasis on liberty within a framework of restraint and self-government. Attending to the shifting and equivocal senses of liberty in Ruskin’s aesthetic writings helps clarify his scattered, often incompatible assertions in a range of later social and political tracts. Bridging aesthetic criticism with political writings uneasily poised between liberalism, republicanism, and authoritarian conservatism, this article discovers Ruskin as the theorist of a dynamic, aesthetic model of liberty and just social arrangements.

Abstract - In the last few years, the digital data, such images, audio, video and files are exploding. A lot of problems in storage and performance are appearing. Lots of money is spent on these problems. Until the scientists focus on the problems and the needs to solve these problems. Now days there are many techniques used for eliminating the redundant data in the storage. One of the best technique is the deduplication data. In this paper a study on previous researches will do. Focus on the gaps and the problems that they could not solve it or introduce them as a future work. Finally, we propose a new method depending on the literature to fill the gaps. This method based on the checking the data, whether it is in the cloud storage before storing it.

To date, the Siberian tundra Nenets distributed three types of women's winter outerwear. The two main types, swing coats, their tailoring, sewing techniques are described in detail LV Khomich. Сoats of the first type is sewn from pieces of fur squirrel, beaver, fox, made of cloth decorated with colored rags, upon the hem sheathed dog fur. The collar is made of fox pelts. Lining sewn from reindeer skin. By the sleeves are sewn gloves. Clothing second type is sewn entirely of buckskin. The upper part, the hem and lining are sewn separately and then sewn together. To the sleeves, like the coat of the first type, sewn gloves, collar is Pestsovaya skin. Smart is considered coat with inlays of white or colorful deerskin.

Renaissance painters and theoreticians manifested a vivid interest in pictorial representations of clouds. This phenomenon must be read in relation to the progress in understanding the principle of the perspective regime in the works of Brunelleschi and Alberti. If Bruneleschi’s experiments equipped the painters of Quatrrocentro with a new vocabulary to interrogate nature and filtrate its responses to visual signs, then the idea of representing a cloud presented both a great problem and a creative challenge.

Cloud cannot be depicted by means of geometry; such a body, according to Brunelleschi’s concept, ‘’without a surface’’ cannot be ‘’described’’ or reduced to the coordinates of the perspectival grid of clearly delineated shapes.

In the context of Renaissance art, the cloud has more than a symbolic meaning: far from simply designating the firmament, it touches on a theoretical dilemma present, especially in Alberti’s "Della Pittura". What is, after all, the task of the painter? Should their work follow the geometrical regime governed by the rule of depicting only that which can be seen or, should the rules of perspective lend themselves to "istoria", that is narratives that imply often illusionistic, or in the case of clouds, miraculous zones outside of the empirical reach of the human eye?

By looking at the evolution of painterly representations of clouds in the works of  Italian Renaissance artists, this short paper suggests various ways of thinking about this problem.

The climatic effects of climate engineering - or geoengineering - via cirrus cloud thinning are examined. Thinner cirrus clouds can allow more outgoing longwave radiation to escape to space, potentially cooling the climate. The cloud properties and climatic effects due to perturbing the ice crystal fall speed are investigated in a set of hemispheric-scale sensitivity experiments with the Community Earth System Model. It is found that increasing the ice crystal fall speed, as an analogue to cirrus cloud seeding, depletes high level clouds and reduces the longwave cloud forcing. Deliberate depletion of cirrus clouds increases outgoing longwave radiation, reduces the upper tropospheric water vapor and cools the climate. Global cirrus cloud thinning gave a net cloud forcing change of -1.55 Wm -2 and a global annual mean temperature change of -0.94 K. Though there is negligible change in the global annual mean precipitation (-0.001 mm/day), the spatially non-homogeneous forcing induces circulation changes, and hence remote climate changes. Climate engineering the Southern Hemisphere only results in a northwards shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and possible Sahelian drought alleviation, whilst targeting the Northern Hemisphere alone causes a greater cooling. It was found that targeting cirrus clouds everywhere outside of the tropics results in changes to the circulation and precipitation even in the non - climate engineered regions, underscoring the risks of remote side effects and indeed the complexity of the climate system.

Abstract— Recent boom in the cloud computing industry has caused a shift in the information technology industry and has affected the way how information and data is stored and shared among the enterprise. The advent of social applications also demands the availability of resources that can be shared among the others. Cloud based architecture has made it possible for enterprises to utilize the computation power that was not available in the past. This paper takes a look and compares the top available service providers on the basis of the cost for each computing model as well takes a look at the performance by measuring the response time. It is observed that at all these service providers and elaborated the comparison of all based on their available architectures.

Keywords— Comparison of Cloud Operators, Cloud Computing, Azure, RackSpace, Amazon Web Services

https://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/vol-13-no-12-dec-2015

In contrast to the nineteenth-century Ruskinian “fallacy,” I will explore in this essay some ways in which the early modern Cartesian and mechanical study of natural science and the passions (for which “emotions” are one type) on the French operatic stage united the category of scientific, meteorological knowledge with the category of human emotions in the form of cloud machines. Ruskin’s “modern” conception of the relationship between clouds and emotions is very different from the idea that developed in seventeenth-century France. Thanks to early modern Cartesianism, and especially as René Descartes’s (1596-1650) later and posthumously published works were disseminated by his followers after 1650 (see Roux 2019), the mechanisms behind movements in the world, be they meteorological or psychological, shared a common physics and were less likely to be distinguished as completely separate categories, to the extent that seeing human qualities in the weather was not necessarily an erroneous anthropomorphism or psychological projection. Instead, the study of psychology and meteorology were part of a Cartesian moment in which a materialist, bodily view of the world meant that humans and objects like clouds had the capacity to be understood in similar, mechanical terms, perhaps akin to what John Sutton has characterized as Descartes’s “fluid dynamics” (Sutton 125). Neither clouds nor passions was easily split between material and immaterial, and yet through the study of Descartes’s mechanical philosophy, we recognize that both entities were given more nuanced duality than ever before. Nowhere was this duality more prevalent than in the theater and, more precisely, in the work of stage engineers.

This paper deals with a chapter of Amānat Rāy's Persian verse translation of the Bhāgavata Purāṇa, completed in Delhi in 1732-33, and a section of the Ṭūr-i maʿrifat by his poetic and philosophical mentor Mīrzā ʿAbd al-Qādir Bīdil (1644-1720), a mathnawī describing the monsoon in a hilly region of present day Rajasthan. The aim of our brief analysis is to introduce a debate on the poetics of physis in early modern Persian literary culture, in the context of a wider project on Bīdil and nature. Through a guided reading of the two au-thors' description of the cloud (abr), its interactions with the Sanskritic literary practices and conventions, and the diverse intertextual ties, we show how the connected analogical and metaphorical procedures employed create two complementary ways of dealing with the phenomenology of (natural) existence.

The Gathering Cloud collates research into the history and language of meteorology with current thinking about data storage and climate change. Archival material from the Met Office Archive and Library in Exeter has been studied and sifted, along with classical, medieval, and Victorian sources, including, in particular, Luke Howard’s classic essay On the Modifications of Clouds, first published in 1803.

This research material is presented as a sequence of texts and images, acting both as a primer to the ideas behind the project and as a document of its movement between formats, from the data centre to the illuminated screen, from the live performance to the printed page. In his foreword media theorist Jussi Parikka describes the work as “a series of material transformations made visible through a media history executed as digital collage and print publication, hendecasyllabic verse, and critical essay”.

With a foreword by Jussi Parikka and an afterword by Lisa Robertson.

Thirty-two photographic illustrations, and seven digital collages.

This article examines two passages from the Clouds in which Aristophanes parodies contemporary science.
(A) v. 143-152. The student who opens the door of Socrates' school to Strepsiades explains the reason for his anger, saying that Strepsiades has caused a thought to miscarry: Socrates, who was inside, had just asked Chairephon what the distance was, in fleas' feet, of the flea's jump from Chairephon's eyebrow to Socrates' head. Chairephon solved the problem by putting the two legs of a flea inmelted wax and then using the shoes thus formed as a unit of measure. Τhe underlying parody in the passage has been interpreted either as a reference to Protagoras' well- known sentence «man is the measure of all things» ( earlier commentators), or as a parody of a scientific experiment (Dover). Here another interpretation is proposed: the flea's jump was chosen because, as it also appears from one of Aesop's fables, it was considered a proverbially insignificant matter (in modern Greek there exists an expression with precisely that meaning). Aristophanes presents the philosophers, who usually occupied themselves with the measurement of heavenly bodies, calculating the jump of a flea, thus emphasizing their exaggerated hair-splitting and their subtlety. This interpretation is corroborated by the way in which Lucian appears to understand the passage.
(B) v. 1277-1295. When the second creditor comes to demand the money he has loaned to Pheidippides, Strepsiades asks him two questions. The first is whether Zeus sends down new rain each time, or whether the sun «pulls» - the phenomenon of evaporation is understood - the same water from the earth and sends it down again as rain. As the discussion continues, and after the creditor has replied that interest is something that <<rolls on unobserved» and increases with time, Strepsiades, drawing a parallel between interest and a river, asks him why, whereas the sea doesn't grow larger even though so many rivers flow into it, he is asking for more money for the capital he has loaned. As regards the question whether the sun «pulls» the same water from the earth, Aristophanes appears to be alluding to views of Diogenes of Apollonia. Strepsiades' second question must be connected with a scientific problem, which Aristotle mentions as «old» and which had been discussed in antiquity. The reference to the same subject in the Ecclesiastes shows the way in which the two questions Aristophanes has Strepsiades ask are connected: both constitute successive stages of the cycle of water.

In 1838 The Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge issued its first engraving of the islands forming New Zealand. The preceding year my ancestors had come ashore on these same islands, creating the starting point for this journey. In this article, I have traversed a tiny section of the terrain around mimesis from which I have fashioned maps that chart interweaving conversations, one of which is a reflection on the participatory project, My Personal Cloud (2016). Focusing on concepts that hover between mechanical and sensory understanding I have considered the notion of yielding-knowing as a means of letting go of established learning strategies. I aim to draw attention to sympathetic magic's educational potential. In doing so, I have scuffed the surface of a number of ideas leaning into the poetic and notions of being inhabited. These lungs suffuse with the taste of clouds; I allow sensing to replace seeing as my words yield to the unspeakable.

Here we show results from Earth system model simulations from the marine cloud brightening experiment G4cdnc of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP). The nine contributing models prescribe a 50 % increase in the cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) of low clouds over the global oceans in an experiment dubbed G4cdnc, with the purpose of counteracting the radiative forcing due to anthropogenic greenhouse gases under the RCP4.5 scenario. The model ensemble median effective radiative forcing (ERF) amounts to −1.9 W m−2, with a substantial inter-model spread of −0.6 to −2.5 W m−2. The large spread is partly related to the considerable differences in clouds and their representation between the models, with an underestimation of low clouds in several of the models. All models predict a statistically significant temperature decrease with a median of (for years 2020–2069) −0.96 [−0.17 to −1.21] K relative to the RCP4.5 scenario, with particularly strong cooling over low-latitude continents. Globally averaged there is a weak but significant precipitation decrease of −2.35 [−0.57 to −2.96] % due to a colder climate, but at low latitudes there is a 1.19 % increase over land. This increase is part of a circulation change where a strong negative top-of-atmosphere (TOA) shortwave forcing over subtropical oceans, caused by increased albedo associated with the increasing CDNC, is compensated for by rising motion and positive TOA longwave signals over adjacent land regions.