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    SANA HARBI

    Research Interests:
    Copy and counterfeiting in the fashion and luxury sector are frequently considered as reprehensible activities that harm the genuine firms. Our contribution reviews the different mechanisms and rationales supporting the idea that genuine... more
    Copy and counterfeiting in the fashion and luxury sector are frequently considered as reprehensible activities that harm the genuine firms. Our contribution reviews the different mechanisms and rationales supporting the idea that genuine firms may profit from the counterfeiting and imitation of their products. Most arguments raised to support the idea that imitation and counterfeiting may be profitable for the
    ABSTRACT Piracy is frequently considered as a reprehensible activity that harms the pirated firm. Our contribution reviews the different mechanisms and rationales supporting the idea that pirated firms may profit from the piracy (namely... more
    ABSTRACT Piracy is frequently considered as a reprehensible activity that harms the pirated firm. Our contribution reviews the different mechanisms and rationales supporting the idea that pirated firms may profit from the piracy (namely the indirect appropriation and bundled sales, the exposition effect and information acquisition, network effects, the Coase?s time-inconsistency effect and the discovery of innovation and scarce talents). Beyond the theoretical arguments, we also devote attention to their relevance in the real world and show how they can lead to new policy insights. Classification JEL : M13 ; Q28.
    SUMMARYPirates are not only copiers, they can also be innovators. They possess skills and a creative capital that allow them to explore new directions. Their innovations can be freely and profitably re-appropriated by the high-end... more
    SUMMARYPirates are not only copiers, they can also be innovators. They possess skills and a creative capital that allow them to explore new directions. Their innovations can be freely and profitably re-appropriated by the high-end designers of the pirated firms. Creative pirates are engaged in a kind of tacit reciprocity, where they appropriate illegally creations of high end designers and
    Purpose– The research aims to ask whether, in the absence of overarching innovative conditions, a small firm can have an innovative culture and what its scale and scope is.Design/methodology/approach– The study employs four exploratory... more
    Purpose– The research aims to ask whether, in the absence of overarching innovative conditions, a small firm can have an innovative culture and what its scale and scope is.Design/methodology/approach– The study employs four exploratory case studies. This methodological choice is justified in that a case study approach allows the use of the existing literature without inhibiting the detection of any unique characteristics in the Tunisian context. This context of a developing economy is likely to be different from established economies.Findings– The study finds evidence of a learning environment within the firms and a good fit with the concepts of an innovative culture. Internal knowledge sharing is evident for all companies. However, this culture faces inwards, so that the paucity of linkages and weak socialisation combines with institutional thinness to isolate the firms. Local competitive advantages are not amplified but rather are dampened by the relative absence of interaction.Re...
    We contend that consumption of a given status conveying good frequently follows a Kuznets-like curve. Concretely, the consumption of a given status marker first increases with the level of income per capita, reaches a maximum and then... more
    We contend that consumption of a given status conveying good frequently follows a Kuznets-like curve. Concretely, the consumption of a given status marker first increases with the level of income per capita, reaches a maximum and then decreases at higher levels of income. Moreover, globalization has led to a greater homogenization of status markers across societies. Given severe budget constraints
    ... Therefore, we hypothesise that: H3 The more the ecopreneur is autonomous, the greater the ecopreneur's job satisfaction. Jack and Anderson (2002) develop the concept of entrepreneurship as an embedded socio-economic process. ...
    The objective of this paper is to establish whether informal firms have entrepreneurial possibilities, or are marginal and inconsequential. The authors explore the nature of informal entrepreneurship in the theoretically rich context of... more
    The objective of this paper is to establish whether informal firms have entrepreneurial possibilities, or are marginal and inconsequential. The authors explore the nature of informal entrepreneurship in the theoretically rich context of Tunisia where, in the turbulent aftermath of the Arab Spring, the fiercely competitive environment is characterized by high unemployment while informal enterprise flourishes. The authors critically examine concepts of push and pull, necessity and opportunity entrepreneurship, as used in some studies to ‘explain’ informal entrepreneurship as inferior. It is argued that these are descriptors and that it is wrong to ascribe causality to them with regard to the nature of businesses. Consequently, it is maintained that informal enterprises have been wrongly construed as dead-end, marginal small businesses with no entrepreneurial future. The paper presents a comparative case analysis of three informal and three formal firms, using the framework of entrepre...
    ABSTRACT Thanks to an intertemporal analytical model, we incorporate aspirational consumers in Veblen markets for luxury fashion items. We show how a luxury monopolist can increase its profits thanks to the presence of counterfeit... more
    ABSTRACT Thanks to an intertemporal analytical model, we incorporate aspirational consumers in Veblen markets for luxury fashion items. We show how a luxury monopolist can increase its profits thanks to the presence of counterfeit products. The genuine producer profit is shaped by two opposite effects: (1) a positive aspirational effect resulting from a sales increase due to the aspirational consumers who seek to imitate the lifestyle of snob consumers (2) a negative snob effect, resulting from a sales decrease due to the reduction of consumption by some snob consumers. We identify the conditions under which the overall effect generated by counterfeiting can increase the genuine firm profit. These conditions imply the existence of large aspirational effects and high additional utility gain associated with buying an original product instead of obtaining a counterfeit product.
    ... Indeed, the presence of counterfeit items and reactions of counterfeited brands can generate other less immediately visible benefits such as proving the true luxury character, increasing the snob value of the counterfeited brands... more
    ... Indeed, the presence of counterfeit items and reactions of counterfeited brands can generate other less immediately visible benefits such as proving the true luxury character, increasing the snob value of the counterfeited brands which can ultimately increase the desirability, the ...