For graduates in computer science and informatics to get employment as IT professionals, there is a need for their education to provide the competence sought after by employers being aligned with the discipline. To become fully... more
For graduates in computer science and informatics to get employment as IT professionals, there is a need for their education to provide the competence sought after by employers being aligned with the discipline. To become fully operational in the organization, the candidates typically also need to further develop their competence there, engaging in activities, and becoming familiar with the practices in the company. For a university offering master’s degrees in computer science and informatics, it is important to know the employers’ view of the relevance of the study programs and what is possibly considered to be lacking. Also, it is essential to know whether the missing part needed to become fully operational should be provided by the university. In this paper, we investigate these questions by asking employers of master students in IT. We use the framework of modes of identification by Wenger-Trayner and Wenger-Trayner to find out if the graduates are aligned with the discipline, ...
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Abstract The LEAP collaboration system is a compilation of models, concepts, elements, and technology components that—when combined and structured in a meaningful way to teams of end users—enable companies to execute split-location... more
Abstract The LEAP collaboration system is a compilation of models, concepts, elements, and technology components that—when combined and structured in a meaningful way to teams of end users—enable companies to execute split-location engineering projects in a way that represents a competitive advantage. Written specifically for split-location and multidisciplinary teams, this chapter contains a description of these elements in the context of split-location engineering. Furthermore, this chapter describes how to develop and operationalize such a system in a way that represents a holistic, meaningful, and value-adding collaborative working environment that enables engineers and other knowledge workers to make decisions, solve problems, and address multidisciplinary issues effectively and efficiently. Based on lean thinking, the LEAP collaboration system approach identifies ways of reducing waste in collaboration processes. An evaluation of knowledge sources is described, together with approaches supporting knowledge creation in lean engineering environments. This chapter concludes with a toolbox that companies can use to diagnose collaboration problems and challenges, and systematically improve collaboration in their teams.
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Engineering is becoming more collaborative and increasingly global. However, inefficiencies in the communication and collaboration between engineers and engineering teams that are geographically distributed routinely cause competiveness... more
Engineering is becoming more collaborative and increasingly global. However, inefficiencies in the communication and collaboration between engineers and engineering teams that are geographically distributed routinely cause competiveness and quality problems, as well as slowing the time to market for new innovations. Hence, networked knowledge exchange between engineers, both inside and outside the boundaries of a company site, is becoming increasingly important. In this chapter we will present a new IT-based tool called LEAP Virtual Obeya that is able to overcome some of the limitations of existing tools and traditional approaches. The LEAP Virtual Obeya is a flexible concept that incorporates lean thinking and enables new visual project management approaches in teams engaged in specific processes, such as innovation and engineering design, offering enhanced support for specific tasks such as problem solving, decision making, coediting, and issue/task management. The LEAP Virtual Obeya has been evaluated based on actual use in industrial cases. Although the current implementation appears to be best for simple collaborations, the results are also promising to support more complex collaborative cases in a networked enterprise setting.
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The emerging phenomenon of platformization has given rise to what has been termed "platform society,“ a digitally connected world where platforms have penetrated the heart of urban societies—transforming social practices, disrupting... more
The emerging phenomenon of platformization has given rise to what has been termed "platform society,“ a digitally connected world where platforms have penetrated the heart of urban societies—transforming social practices, disrupting social interactions and market relations, and affecting democratic processes. One of the recent manifestations of platformization is the Metaverse, a global platform whose data infrastructures, governance models, and economic processes are predicted to penetrate different urban sectors and spheres of urban life. The Metaverse is an idea of a hypothetical set of “parallel virtual worlds” that incarnate ways of living in believably virtual cities as an alternative to future data-driven smart cities. However, this idea has already raised concerns over what constitutes the global architecture of computer mediation underlying the Metaverse with regard to different forms of social life as well as social order. This study analyzes the core emerging trends ...
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Smart city environments follow different technological management strategies (such as resource management, data management, and so on) between end-users to city planners and technological devices (e.g., sensor, camera surveillance, etc.)... more
Smart city environments follow different technological management strategies (such as resource management, data management, and so on) between end-users to city planners and technological devices (e.g., sensor, camera surveillance, etc.) to enhance citizens’ quality of life through the variety of the smart services. Data management is one of the most critical issues in smart cities because data is a core resource in the smart city. Without proper data, no smart services in the smart cities exist to make a connection between end-users and technological devices. A few numbers of distributed-to-centralize data management architectures have been proposed. In addition, there are several different distributed schema by several technological options exist (e.g., cloudlet, fog, etc.) but almost all of the studies used a distributed-to-centralized data management architecture based on fog to cloud technologies. Therefore, the fog-to-cloud data management architecture can use both potentials ...
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This chapter consists of several sections which contain contributions from members of IFIP Technical Committee 8 (Information Systems). We highlight the accomplishments of Technical Committee 8 (TC8) and its working groups over its... more
This chapter consists of several sections which contain contributions from members of IFIP Technical Committee 8 (Information Systems). We highlight the accomplishments of Technical Committee 8 (TC8) and its working groups over its 50 years history, and then envisage possible strategies for the future of information systems (IS) in a post-COVID world. This chapter begins with an overall view of the diverse and changing roles of the IS field then moves forward to foresee environmental sustainability and digital glocalization in a post-COVID-19 world. Next, we review the achievements of TC8, the establishment of the working groups within it, and predict what TC8 has to offer into the future. Lastly, we identify the individual working groups of TC8 to detail their activities as important conduits of research and practice in the field of IS over the past 50 years, then imagine the roles of the TC8 working groups in a post-COVID landscape. © 2021, IFIP International Federation for Inform...
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The IoT and big data technologies have become essential to the functioning of both smart cities and sustainable cities, and thus, urban operational functioning and planning are becoming highly responsive to a form of data-driven urbanism.... more
The IoT and big data technologies have become essential to the functioning of both smart cities and sustainable cities, and thus, urban operational functioning and planning are becoming highly responsive to a form of data-driven urbanism. This offers the prospect of building models of smart sustainable cities functioning in real time from routinely sensed data. This in turn allows to monitor, understand, analyze, and plan such cities to improve their energy efficiency and environmental health in real time thanks to new urban intelligence functions as an advanced form of decision support. However, prior studies tend to deal largely with data-driven technologies and solutions in the realm of smart cities, mostly in relation to economic and social aspects, leaving important questions involving the underlying substantive and synergistic effects on environmental sustainability barely explored to date. These issues also apply to sustainable cities, especially eco-cities. Therefore, this p...
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The smart grid achieves bidirectional information and energy flow between energy consumer and utility grid, aiding energy users not only to utilize energy, but also to produce, sell, and share energy with other consumers or with the... more
The smart grid achieves bidirectional information and energy flow between energy consumer and utility grid, aiding energy users not only to utilize energy, but also to produce, sell, and share energy with other consumers or with the utility grid. This type of energy user is referred to as the “prosumer”. Thus, prosumer management structures are important within energy market. However, prior studies on energy sustainability has paid little attention on prosumer involvement and management. Likewise, the continuous growth of cities has increased data processing complexity. Consequently, processing and analysis of historical, online, and real-time streaming data from energy sensors and metering devices has become a major issue in smart cities. Therefore, this research aims to present an architecture based on big data to improve energy prosumption in smart community districts by applying enterprise architecture approach grounded on The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF). According...
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Although Domain Analysis (DA) is important for Model Driven Development (MDD), traditional DA methods are demanding and not practical in many situations. When computer games are developed, game design (problem domain) is usually decided... more
Although Domain Analysis (DA) is important for Model Driven Development (MDD), traditional DA methods are demanding and not practical in many situations. When computer games are developed, game design (problem domain) is usually decided in a gradual way within iterations where software prototypes are constructed and playtest are performed. In such a case, it is not practical to fit a heavyweight DA in the highly iterative process. Researchers indicated that vocabularies were expected to automate game design. Such vocabularies can be reused in another form in DA tasks. In this research, the authors developed an ontology and a DA procedure based on it. To evaluate them, theoretical analysis, case studies, and a user acceptance survey were used. The results indicated that the ontology met the general requirement as a domain vocabulary, and it enhanced the DA process in an expected way. Most of external potential users (46 in total) considered the ontology useful and easy to use.
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... 195 Reidar Gjersvik, SINTEF Industrial Management, Norway John Krogstie, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway and SINTEF Telecom and Informatics, NorwayAsbjørn Følstad, SINTEF Telecom and Informatics, Norway Page 5.... more
... 195 Reidar Gjersvik, SINTEF Industrial Management, Norway John Krogstie, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway and SINTEF Telecom and Informatics, NorwayAsbjørn Følstad, SINTEF Telecom and Informatics, Norway Page 5. ...
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Meta-modeling is a well-known approach for capturing modeling methods and techniques. A meta-model can serve as a basis for quantitative evaluation of methods and techniques. By means of a number of formal metrics based on the meta-model,... more
Meta-modeling is a well-known approach for capturing modeling methods and techniques. A meta-model can serve as a basis for quantitative evaluation of methods and techniques. By means of a number of formal metrics based on the meta-model, a quantitative evaluation of methods and techniques becomes possible. Existing meta-modeling languages and measurement schemes do not allow the explicit modeling of so-called multi-modeling techniques. Multi-modeling techniques are techniques that offer a coherent set of aspect modeling techniques to model different aspects of a certain phenomenon. As a consequence, existing approaches lack metrics to quantitatively assess aspects that are particular to multi-modeling techniques. In this chapter, a modeling language for modeling multi-modeling techniques is proposed as well as metrics for evaluating the coherent set of aspect modeling techniques that constitute the multi-modeling technique.
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Innovations in Information Systems Modeling: Methods and Best Practices (9781605662787): Terry Halpin, John Krogstie, Erik Proper: Books.
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Social media websites have managed in a very short period of time to attract and maintain a massive user. Recognizing their potential, the vast majority of companies are deploying strategies in order to harness their potential in various... more
Social media websites have managed in a very short period of time to attract and maintain a massive user. Recognizing their potential, the vast majority of companies are deploying strategies in order to harness their potential in various ways, and ultimately, to establish their competitive position. Nonetheless, being relevantly novel, it still remains unclear as to how it is possible to make the most out of social media, especially in competitive and highly dynamic environments. As with any new technology, it is important to understand the mechanisms and processes through which social media can be of business value for companies in order to incorporate them into their competitive strategies. To this end, the present paper aims to provide a theoretical discussion leading up to a conceptual research framework that can help explain the mechanisms through which social media and analytics lead to competitive performance gains. The conceptual research framework builds on the resource-based view (RBV) and dynamic capabilities view (DCV) of the firm, and provides a synthesis of the two theoretical perspectives.
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... Salah Baïna 2 , Claudia Diamantini 3 , John Krogstie 4 , Yun Lin 4 , Joao Sarraipa 5 , Nabila Zouggar 6 , Axel Hahn 7 , Marco Delgado 8 , Miguel ... INRIA CNRS : UMR7503 Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I Université Nancy II ... more
... Salah Baïna 2 , Claudia Diamantini 3 , John Krogstie 4 , Yun Lin 4 , Joao Sarraipa 5 , Nabila Zouggar 6 , Axel Hahn 7 , Marco Delgado 8 , Miguel ... INRIA CNRS : UMR7503 Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I Université Nancy II Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine. ...
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Business process modeling is often performed in relatively small and limited modeling projects. In this chapter, we look at two cases in detail where the usage of models goes beyond individual projects. First, issues arising in the use of... more
Business process modeling is often performed in relatively small and limited modeling projects. In this chapter, we look at two cases in detail where the usage of models goes beyond individual projects. First, issues arising in the use of business process models in an international program of sub-projects within an organization are reported before we report on a case study in which the process models are used on an organizational level over a long period of time acting as the structuring of the quality system of the organization. Issues and concerns are discussed relative to the levels of process models quality defined for business process models in SEQUAL as described in the previous chapter.
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Research Interests: Re and Information System
ABSTRACT
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Since the business environment is getting increasingly dynamic and complex, the relevant process models in the environment are becoming more complicated. This might easily confuse business experts and lead them to misunderstand the... more
Since the business environment is getting increasingly dynamic and complex, the relevant process models in the environment are becoming more complicated. This might easily confuse business experts and lead them to misunderstand the models. Business experts are expecting a simple way to communicate and collaborate with the model developers during business process development and use. Today, enterprise modelling is primarily
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For mobile and multi-channel information systems it is often relevant to model where something is supposed to take place and what equipment is used. Whereas traditional business process modelling notations seldom capture context, this... more
For mobile and multi-channel information systems it is often relevant to model where something is supposed to take place and what equipment is used. Whereas traditional business process modelling notations seldom capture context, this paper looks at the possibility of extending BPMN diagrams with visual means for capturing location and equipment types used in mobile work processes. A wide range of possible ways for doing this visually is discussed and illustrated, whereupon the most viable alternatives are compared analytically mainly based on principles suggested by Moody. The results indicate that there are several approaches to include such usage context information visually with reasonably good results, but that approaches using intuitive icons to reflect locations and equipment types appear to be the most promising.
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... AI Magazine, 18(2):37--45, 1997. 6. B. Sarwar, G. Karypis, J. Konstan, and J. Riedl, "Item-Based Collaborative Filtering Recommendation Algorithms," Proc. 10 th Int'l WWW Conf., 2001. ... Ninth... more
... AI Magazine, 18(2):37--45, 1997. 6. B. Sarwar, G. Karypis, J. Konstan, and J. Riedl, "Item-Based Collaborative Filtering Recommendation Algorithms," Proc. 10 th Int'l WWW Conf., 2001. ... Ninth Ann. ACM-SIAM Symp. Discrete Algorithms, pp. 658--667, Jan. 1998. 22. Robin Burke. ...
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In this paper, we describe how Masters students at a university studying Information Systems adapt to Enterprise Modelling; expressed metaphorically, they come out of their UML tunnels and see the world outside. The paper describes an... more
In this paper, we describe how Masters students at a university studying Information Systems adapt to Enterprise Modelling; expressed metaphorically, they come out of their UML tunnels and see the world outside. The paper describes an overview of the course and the results and observations of the course based on the modelling assignments submitted by the students. The main observation is that while students are able to conceptualise a situation and represent that as an Enterprise Model, they often lack the experience to clearly state the purpose of the model and therefore, lack the ability to evaluate their models appropriately. Based on the experiences of teaching Enterprise Modelling to Information Systems students, the paper also provides a set of recommendations for teachers.
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(a) Situation faced: The petroleum industry is characterized by increased focus on safety and compliance with regulations, in addition to efficient operations. Earlier quality systems were represented in large binders of textual... more
(a) Situation faced: The petroleum industry is characterized by increased focus on safety and compliance with regulations, in addition to efficient operations. Earlier quality systems were represented in large binders of textual documents, which made important governing documentation difficult to access and unusable for operational personnel who wished to gain an overview. (b) Action taken: Based on the existing quality system, a new way of structuring and accessing the material was developed as a collection of 2000 process models with navigational support through an intranet solution whose use was mandatory in the workplace. (c) Results achieved: Improved compliance with regulations and reduction in the number of accidents were observed. This improvement is not attributable only to the restructuring and presentation of the quality system through process models, but the process models are a visible sign of the organization’s focus on safety and compliance, and it has made it easier for workers to find relevant regulations and requirements when dangerous work is to be undertaken. (d) Lessons learned: Although good results have been achieved, there is room for improvement in this large-scale example of the use of process models to structure a company’s quality system. Ensuring that all employees can find all the models they need and that the models are kept up to date based on practice are important challenges. In addition, handling the trade-offs among goals for safety, efficiency, and compliance is a challenge. Modeling practices that were regarded favorably at an earlier stage might come to be seen as insufficient for the future needs. Therefore, professional long-term use of models must be conscientiously pursued over time.
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Modelling has been used as a general technique in many companies for the last decades. Some already started using modelling in the eighties, trying out the first industrial CASE-tools. Their usage of modelling techniques has evolved over... more
Modelling has been used as a general technique in many companies for the last decades. Some already started using modelling in the eighties, trying out the first industrial CASE-tools. Their usage of modelling techniques has evolved over the years, finding new uses, and thus using the modelling techniques for supporting new goals. In our case company semi-formal modelling techniques have been taken into use on a large scale as a backbone for the company’ quality system. In this paper we report on the use of process modelling in particular on the aspects found necessary to emphasise to achieve the right quality of the models in this organisation, and how the understanding of needed quality has evolved as the usage of modelling has evolved. A recent evaluation of the use of models in the company is reported, using the SEQUAL framework as an analytical lens for understanding and assessing the quality of models. Whereas earlier a focus has been on objective quality characteristics, with detailed guidelines for empirical and syntactic quality of models, the later investigations have identified the importance of also supporting the process to achieve and keep higher level quality on the semantic, pragmatic and social level.
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Data infrastructures, economic processes, and governance models of digital platforms are increasingly pervading urban sectors and spheres of urban life. This phenomenon is known as platformization, which has in turn given rise to the... more
Data infrastructures, economic processes, and governance models of digital platforms are increasingly pervading urban sectors and spheres of urban life. This phenomenon is known as platformization, which has in turn given rise to the phenomena of platform society, where platforms have permeated the core of urban societies. A recent manifestation of platformization is the Metaverse, a global platform project launched by Meta (formerly Facebook) as a globally operating platform company. The Metaverse represents an idea of a hypothetical “parallel virtual world” that incarnate ways of living and working in virtual cities as an alternative to smart cities of the future. Indeed, with emerging innovative technologies—such as Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, the IoT, and Digital Twins—providing rich datasets and advanced computational understandings of human behavior, the Metaverse has the potential to redefine city designing activities and service provisioning towards increasing urban e...