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Research Interests: Information Technology, International Relations, Globalization, Decision Making, Political Science, and 15 moreHomeland Security, Information Processing, Middle East, Information Access, Early Warning, Development policy, Interdisciplinary research, Research productivity, Domain Specificity, Heterogeneous Information, Information Need, Large Scale, Harmonization, International Collaboration, and Risk and Uncertainty
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The Context Interchange Project presents a unique approach to the problem of semantic conflict resolution among multiple heterogeneous data sources. The system presents a semantically meaningful view of the data to the receivers (e.g.... more
The Context Interchange Project presents a unique approach to the problem of semantic conflict resolution among multiple heterogeneous data sources. The system presents a semantically meaningful view of the data to the receivers (e.g. user applications) for all the available data sources. The semantic conflicts are automatically detected and reconciled by a Context Mediator using the context knowledge associated with
Research Interests: Computer Science, Relational Database, Context, Mediation, Conflict Resolution, and 10 moreApplied, Integration, Information Sources, Semantic Heterogeneity, Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Web Service, Applied artificial intelligence, Heterogeneous Data, Heterogeneous Data Sources, and Automatic Detection
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Research Interests: Computer Science, Semantic Web, Ontologies, Interoperability, Semantic Interoperability, and 11 moreSocial Science Research Network, Financial Services, Semantic Heterogeneity, Knowledge Integration, Database Integration, Web Service, Semantic Integration, Heterogeneous Information, Emergent Semantics, Source Selection, and Information System
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Modern database management systems are supporting the inclusion and querying of non-relational sources within a data federation environment via wrappers. Wrapper development for Web sources, however, is a convolution of code with... more
Modern database management systems are supporting the inclusion and querying of non-relational sources within a data federation environment via wrappers. Wrapper development for Web sources, however, is a convolution of code with extraction and query planning knowledge and becomes a daunting task. We use IBM DB2 federation engine to demonstrate the challenges of incorporating Web sources into a data federation. We, then, present a practical and general strategy for the inclusion and querying of Web sources without requiring any changes in the underlying data federation technology. This strategy separates the code and knowledge in wrapper development by introducing a general-purpose capabilities-aware mini query-planner and a data extraction engine. As a result, Web sources can be included in a data federation system faster, and maintained easier.
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Research Interests: Computer Science, Information Technology, Information Integration, Access To Information, Institutional Investors, and 7 moreInternational Accounting Standards, Social Science Research Network, Data Semantics, Abductive Reasoning, Accounting standards, Constraint Logic Programming, and Information System
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Using securities industry examples, the context interchange mediation knowledge architecture is applied to interoperability problems for enumerated data types, such as codes and other symbols used to represent conceptual distinctions.... more
Using securities industry examples, the context interchange mediation knowledge architecture is applied to interoperability problems for enumerated data types, such as codes and other symbols used to represent conceptual distinctions. Ongoing efforts in the securities industry to develop new XML-based standards for information interchange are examined. Using components representing similar securities information, drawn from different but complementary securities standards and sources, example problems of information interoperability are examined. We show that transforming data representation into an autonomously specified context model and thence into a general domain ontology allows successful interoperability in several ways depending on how each context is explained to the mediator. 1.
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ABSTRACT Information systems as a field of intellectual inquiry is now approximately 50 years old. It has many achievements and extensive research to its credit and has established a large group of researchers and experts worldwide. The... more
ABSTRACT Information systems as a field of intellectual inquiry is now approximately 50 years old. It has many achievements and extensive research to its credit and has established a large group of researchers and experts worldwide. The field has changed and changed and changed again over the last half century. The question addressed in this inaugural issue article is: Where does IS go from here? This article presents the views of six of the “fathers of the field” about its directions in the years ahead. Each coauthor presents two ideas about the future. The topics covered includes continuing support of the work of organizations, emerging technologies, new ways of communicating, expanding the ways IS performs research, expanding its vision both of what IS is and of its impact, its role as a resource, its model of the IS professional and its graduates, and its staying on top of new technologies and new areas of inquiry.
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ABSTRACT In its Preface, The 9/11 commission report states: "We learned that the institutions charted with protecting...national security did not understand how grave this threat can be, and did not adjust their policies, plans,... more
ABSTRACT In its Preface, The 9/11 commission report states: "We learned that the institutions charted with protecting...national security did not understand how grave this threat can be, and did not adjust their policies, plans, and practices to deter or defeat it" (2004: xvi). Given current realities and uncertainties "better preparedness" can be achieved by identifying, controlling and managing the elusive linkages & situational factors that fuel hostilities. This paper focuses on new opportunities and capabilities provided by anticipatory technologies that help understand, measure and model the complex dynamics shaping and precipitating conflict in specific settings worldwide. We introduce a research initiative focusing on linking pre- and post-conflict by drawing upon the power of system dynamics, augmented by new technologies for integrated information analysis, in conjunction with the development of conceptual and computational ontologies capturing the diversity, intensity, and dynamics of the conflict domain
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... Thomas Gannon1, Stuart Madnick2, Allen Moulton3, Marwan Sabbouh4, Michael Siegel5, and Hongwei Zhu6 ... Stuart Madnick MIT Sloan School of Management & MIT School of Engineering smadnick@mit.edu Marwan Sabbouh MITRE... more
... Thomas Gannon1, Stuart Madnick2, Allen Moulton3, Marwan Sabbouh4, Michael Siegel5, and Hongwei Zhu6 ... Stuart Madnick MIT Sloan School of Management & MIT School of Engineering smadnick@mit.edu Marwan Sabbouh MITRE Corporation ms@mitre.org ...
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... are treated primarily as a necessary fiction to present an image of control or to provide a symbolicstatus. The same ... as the use of light-but-sufficient rules of project behavior and the use of human-and communication-oriented... more
... are treated primarily as a necessary fiction to present an image of control or to provide a symbolicstatus. The same ... as the use of light-but-sufficient rules of project behavior and the use of human-and communication-oriented rules. The agile process is both light and sufficient. ...
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For decades, organizations across the spectrum of private industry and government have noted the limitations to information sharing and the resulting problems caused by “stovepipe” information systems. Despite this recognition, occasional... more
For decades, organizations across the spectrum of private industry and government have noted the limitations to information sharing and the resulting problems caused by “stovepipe” information systems. Despite this recognition, occasional “crises”(eg, Y2K and 9-11), and various technological and organizational efforts, these problems largely continue to persist and continue to impact information quality in the enterprise (eg, timeliness, completeness, consistency, believability, and at times even accuracy).
By Van Alstyne, Marshall W. (Marshall Ware), Erik Brynjolfsson and Stuart E. Madnick; Ownership principles for distributed database design.
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The prospect of combining information from diverse sources for superior decision making is plagued by the challenge of semantic heterogeneity, as data sources often adopt different conventions and interpretations when there is no... more
The prospect of combining information from diverse sources for superior decision making is plagued by the challenge of semantic heterogeneity, as data sources often adopt different conventions and interpretations when there is no coordination. An emerging solution in information integration is to develop an ontology as a standard data model for a domain of interest, and then to define the correspondences between the data sources and this common model to eliminate their semantic heterogeneity and produce a single integrated view of the data sources. We first claim that this single integrated view approach is unnecessarily restrictive, and instead offer the view that ontologies can simultaneously accommodate multiple integrated views provided the accompaniment of contexts, a set of axioms on the interpretation of data allowing local variations in representation and nuances in meaning, and a conversion function network between contexts to reconcile contextual differences. Then, we illustrate how to achieve semantic interoperability between multiple ontology-based applications. During this process, application ontologies are aligned through the reconciliation of their context models, and a new application with a virtual merged ontology is created. We illustrate this alternative approach with the alignment of air travel and car rental domains, an actual example from our prototype implementation.