Kyriakos Drivas
University of Piraeus, Department of Economics, Faculty Member
This paper exploits a particular facet of the US patent system, which thus far has been overlooked in the literature: the patent renewal fee scheme relating to switches from small to large entity status. Based on this observation, we are... more
This paper exploits a particular facet of the US patent system, which thus far has been overlooked in the literature: the patent renewal fee scheme relating to switches from small to large entity status. Based on this observation, we are able to determine whether university patents are licensed over their enforceable lifecycle and at what point in time the licensing occurs. We find that while the funding source of patented inventions makes no difference to the propensity of an academic patent being licensed, federally sponsored patents are less likely to be licensed early compared to their non-federally funded counterparts.
Research Interests: Engineering and Economics
We examine the largest house energy efficiency retrofit support program in Greece that ran during 2011-2015 and approximately fifty thousand households participated. We take advantage of an exogenous change that occurred while the program... more
We examine the largest house energy efficiency retrofit support program in Greece that ran during 2011-2015 and approximately fifty thousand households participated. We take advantage of an exogenous change that occurred while the program was running. This change substantially increased the subsidy rate for lower-income households. We find that this effective cost reduction increased the participation rate (extensive margin) and investment amount (intensive margin) of these lower-income households.
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This paper develops a game-theoretic model of heterogeneous consumers to analyze the effect of cooperative involvement on quality-enhancing product innovation activity, the pricing of food products, and the welfare of the groups involved... more
This paper develops a game-theoretic model of heterogeneous consumers to analyze the effect of cooperative involvement on quality-enhancing product innovation activity, the pricing of food products, and the welfare of the groups involved in the context of a mixed duopoly where an openmembership consumer co-op competes with an IOF. Analytical results show that the involvement of the member welfare-maximizing co-op in R&D can be quality and welfare enhancing by increasing the arrival rate of product innovations and reducing the prices of food products. The effectiveness of the coop is shown to depend on the nature of product differentiation and the relative quality of its products, the degree of consumer heterogeneity, and the size of innovation costs.
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The publications of 298 faculty members of thirteen Greek Economic Departments and one Economics research institute was retrieved and analyzed together with other information like the institution and the date that they received their PhD... more
The publications of 298 faculty members of thirteen Greek Economic Departments and one Economics research institute was retrieved and analyzed together with other information like the institution and the date that they received their PhD diploma. We progressively assembly the research profile of each department providing detailed statistics on various research indices, like the number of publications and citations, h and g-index, the Gini coefficient of the distribution of publications within departments and the co-authoring links with domestic and foreign economic departments. We finally apply hierarchical cluster analysis to derive the research profiles of those departments.
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We compare actual R&D spend with the managerial rhetoric around technology and innovation contained within corporate disclosures of US-listed firms. We find that, whilst actual R&D spend and patents do not entice institutional investors... more
We compare actual R&D spend with the managerial rhetoric around technology and innovation contained within corporate disclosures of US-listed firms. We find that, whilst actual R&D spend and patents do not entice institutional investors to increase their stock holdings, firms that espouse technology and innovation in their corporate disclosures are quite successful in drawing in short-term horizon investors. Yet, such firms are more prone to future sudden idiosyncratic stock price crashes. Although it may seem that talk of technology and innovation represents a self-interested managerial effort to retain investors’ expectations, this would not explain why so many short-term horizon investors opt for such stocks in the face of persistent evidence of adverse market performance outcomes. As suggested by the economics of expectation, investors may become reluctant to timely face up to bad news in terms of unfulfilled technology and innovation outcomes, a behaviour that can hype investor...
Bringing firms together generates knowledge spillovers which in turn creates innovation and economic growth. However, firm interactions also generate market rivalry. Unlike knowledge spillovers, we know little over the geographic reach of... more
Bringing firms together generates knowledge spillovers which in turn creates innovation and economic growth. However, firm interactions also generate market rivalry. Unlike knowledge spillovers, we know little over the geographic reach of market rivalry. The paper aims to provide a rigorous comparison of these two channels in a large scale. It approximates knowledge spillovers with the staple metric of patent citations. For market rivalry, the metric of trademark oppositions is proposed. The baseline analysis is at the EUIPO, for trademark oppositions, and EPO for patent citations. The country level and NUTS-3 analyses show that there is stronger home bias for knowledge spillovers compared to market rivalry. To provide robustness, similar data are computed for the USPTO, the most populous patent and trademark office in the world, and an office with substantially fewer trademark oppositions due to its different procedures. State- and county-level analyses provide similar results to t...
This paper develops a game - theoretic model of heterogeneous consumers to analyze the effect of cooperative involvement on quality- enhancing product innovation activity, the pricing of food products, and the welfare of the groups... more
This paper develops a game - theoretic model of heterogeneous consumers to analyze the effect of cooperative involvement on quality- enhancing product innovation activity, the pricing of food products, and the welfare of the groups involved in the context of a mixed duopoly where an openmembership consumer co- op competes with an IOF. Analytical results show that the involvement of the member welfare- maximizing co- op in R&D can be quality and welfare enhancing by increasing the arrival rate of product innovations and reducing the prices of food products. The effectiveness of the co- op is shown to depend on the nature of product differentiation and the relative quality of its products, the degree of consumer heterogeneity, and the size of innovation costs .
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This paper examines whether patents increase the geographic reach of the market for ideas. By employing a dataset of 25,127 US patents traded between US located firms, we find that patents sold during application phase are less likely to... more
This paper examines whether patents increase the geographic reach of the market for ideas. By employing a dataset of 25,127 US patents traded between US located firms, we find that patents sold during application phase are less likely to be traded outside the seller‟s state than patents that have been issued. To tackle the endogeneity issues we employ coarsened exact matching techniques. We find that patent grant increases the likelihood of a patent to be traded across boundaries of the state. This evidence is stronger for patents originating from the less innovative US states.
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We examine whether patent applications with international inventor collaborations are more likely to be awarded a US patent than applications without. We focus on the 28 EU member countries and explicitly distinguish between countries... more
We examine whether patent applications with international inventor collaborations are more likely to be awarded a US patent than applications without. We focus on the 28 EU member countries and explicitly distinguish between countries with high and low number of patent applications. Of special interest is the collaborations between innovative laggard countries and top innovative countries as evident by patent applications. We draw data from various patent datasets available from the Office of the Chief Economist at the USPTO. Preliminary results show that for certain countries, collaborations are associated with increased likelihood of a patent grant.
Standard stochastic frontier models estimate log-linear specifications of production technology, represented mostly by production, cost, profit, revenue, and distance frontiers. We develop a methodology for stochastic frontier models of... more
Standard stochastic frontier models estimate log-linear specifications of production technology, represented mostly by production, cost, profit, revenue, and distance frontiers. We develop a methodology for stochastic frontier models of count data allowing for technological and inefficiency induced heterogeneity in the data and endogenous regressors. We derive the corresponding log-likelihood function and conditional mean of inefficiency to estimate technology regime-specific inefficiency. We apply our proposed methodology for the states in the United States to assess efficiency and growth patterns. Our findings support the existence of two distinct innovation classes with different implications for their members' innovation growth.
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Our study examines whether patent applications with international collaborations are more likely to be awarded a US patent than applications without. The analysis focuses on the population (almost half a million) of patent applications... more
Our study examines whether patent applications with international collaborations are more likely to be awarded a US patent than applications without. The analysis focuses on the population (almost half a million) of patent applications over the period 2001–2009 at the USPTO and disclosed at least one EU located inventor and explicitly distinguish between countries with high and low number of patent applications. There are four important findings. First, inventor teams are more likely to be issued a patent than single inventors. Second, the presence of a US entity, either as inventor or owner, plays an important role in securing the grant. Third, for low innovative countries, international collaborations matter more for the likelihood of securing the patent grant than high innovative countries. Fourth, intense prosecution efforts will result to higher probability of patent grant. This paper adds to the growing literature that examines from the innovator’s viewpoint the likelihood of securing the patent grant.
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This paper offers novel insights of market responses to firms’ decisions to invest in knowledge capital. Based on nonparametric techniques, we find evidence of nonlinearities and regime switches. Investment in innovation inputs increases... more
This paper offers novel insights of market responses to firms’ decisions to invest in knowledge capital. Based on nonparametric techniques, we find evidence of nonlinearities and regime switches. Investment in innovation inputs increases the market value of a firm; however, an extra dollar spent on R&D does not always reflect higher market value. Threshold effects are more apparent when it comes to patents, implying that markets develop a critical stance in valuing innovation output and its quality.
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This paper provides insights into trademark activity at the regional level via two objectives. First, it examines the relationship between technological capabilities and new trademark applications. Second, it considers whether regions... more
This paper provides insights into trademark activity at the regional level via two objectives. First, it examines the relationship between technological capabilities and new trademark applications. Second, it considers whether regions branch out to new trademark specializations that are related to their existing specializations. The paper employs European Union Intellectual Property Office’s (EUIPO) data to study 218 European NUTS-2 regions (16 countries) over the period 2000–16. Results show that increased technological stock is associated with more trademark applications and that existing trademark relatedness induces new specializations. These findings contribute to a better understanding of trademark activity and policies related to regional diversification including Smart Specialisation.
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Mobilization of valuable resources, especially of talented individuals, figures prominently in firms’ strategies and policy agendas. Thus far, there is a dearth of empirical evidence in the field. The contribution of this paper is... more
Mobilization of valuable resources, especially of talented individuals, figures prominently in firms’ strategies and policy agendas. Thus far, there is a dearth of empirical evidence in the field. The contribution of this paper is two-pronged: first, to perform an integral evaluation of the different factors that shape the mobility of patent inventors -a specific class of highly skilled individuals, who are deeply involved in the production of innovation and are important vehicle of technological knowledge circulation- and second, to assess the effects of their mobility on local innovation activity. Employing detailed patent data to track their moves, we use a gravity model to examine whether geographic, technological, and cultural proximities between countries, among other factors, shape the flows of these talented individuals. Using the same framework of analysis, we also examine the mobility of non-inventor migrants. Our results show that although geographic distance still plays a role, inventor migrants are less geographically confined than non-inventor migrants. Countries’ technology similarity is the main driver of inventor moves, whereas cultural -linguistic and religion- proximity matters more for non-inventor migrants. Finally, the knowledge and skills that move with the inventors have a positive effect on the production of new knowledge in the host country.
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This paper examines the market and welfare effects of cooperative involvement in cost-reducing process innovation activity in the context of a mixed oligopsony where an open-membership marketing co-op competes with an investor-owned firm.... more
This paper examines the market and welfare effects of cooperative involvement in cost-reducing process innovation activity in the context of a mixed oligopsony where an open-membership marketing co-op competes with an investor-owned firm. The presence of the marketing co-op is shown to result in increased producer prices and welfare gains for all farmers, members and non-members of the co-op. The effect of the marketing co-op on process innovation activity depends on the relative quality of its final products, the degree of producer heterogeneity, and the size of innovation costs. A comparison of our findings with those of Giannakas and Fulton (2005) on the impacts of input-supplying co-ops, reveals that, regardless of whether they are a backward or a forward integration of their members, parts of an oligopolistic or an oligopsonistic market structure, the involvement of cooperatives in process innovation can increase the innovation activity in the market, is welfare enhancing and, thus, socially desirable.
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Using microdata of firm exports and international patent activity, we find that Greek innovative exporters, identified by their patent filing activity, have substantially higher export revenues by selling higher quantities rather than... more
Using microdata of firm exports and international patent activity, we find that Greek innovative exporters, identified by their patent filing activity, have substantially higher export revenues by selling higher quantities rather than charging higher prices. To account for this evidence, we set up a horizontally differentiated product model in which an innovative exporter competes for market share in a destination against many non‐innovative rivals. We argue that as the competition among the exporters of the non‐innovative product becomes more intense, the innovative firm exports more compared with its non‐innovative rivals in more distant markets, a prediction that is empirically confirmed in the dataset for Greek innovative exporters.
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This study compares this year’s trend of EUIPO’s trademark applications during May and the first twenty days of June to 2019. There are four important findings. First, overall trademark applications appear to be at the same level to last... more
This study compares this year’s trend of EUIPO’s trademark applications
during May and the first twenty days of June to 2019. There are four
important findings. First, overall trademark applications appear to be
at the same level to last year. Second, there is significant heterogeneity
by country. While many countries are at the same levels to last year,
China is an outlier increasing its filings dramatically compared to 2019.
Certain countries also experience a sharp decrease including Canada
and Brazil. Third, the presence of entrants is higher in 2020 compared to
the same period of 2019. Finally, there are some clear winners and losers
in terms of business activity. Overall, service-related endeavors are less
frequent compared to last year while certain product-related initiatives
have experienced a significant increase. This study urges dissemination
of trademark applications, across Offices, in bulk to facilitate empirical
work. Unlike patent applications, which take eighteen months to become
known, information on trademark applications is disclosed relatively
quickly. Since they can approximate real-time business expectations of
demand and are related to innovation and firm value, they can provide
us with significant insights in the short-run until more data become
available.
during May and the first twenty days of June to 2019. There are four
important findings. First, overall trademark applications appear to be
at the same level to last year. Second, there is significant heterogeneity
by country. While many countries are at the same levels to last year,
China is an outlier increasing its filings dramatically compared to 2019.
Certain countries also experience a sharp decrease including Canada
and Brazil. Third, the presence of entrants is higher in 2020 compared to
the same period of 2019. Finally, there are some clear winners and losers
in terms of business activity. Overall, service-related endeavors are less
frequent compared to last year while certain product-related initiatives
have experienced a significant increase. This study urges dissemination
of trademark applications, across Offices, in bulk to facilitate empirical
work. Unlike patent applications, which take eighteen months to become
known, information on trademark applications is disclosed relatively
quickly. Since they can approximate real-time business expectations of
demand and are related to innovation and firm value, they can provide
us with significant insights in the short-run until more data become
available.
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PhD Dissertation
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This paper exploits a particular facet of the US patent system, which thus far has been overlooked in the literature: the patent renewal fee scheme relating to switches from small to large entity status. Based on this observation, we are... more
This paper exploits a particular facet of the US patent system, which thus far has been overlooked in the literature: the patent renewal fee scheme relating to switches from small to large entity status. Based on this observation, we are able to determine whether university patents are licensed over their enforceable lifecycle and at what point in time the licensing occurs. We find that while the funding source of patented inventions makes no difference to the propensity of an academic patent being licensed, federally sponsored patents are less likely to be licensed early compared to their non-federally funded counterparts.
Research Interests:
This paper develops a game-theoretic model of heterogeneous consumers to analyze the effect of cooperative involvement on quality-enhancing product innovation activity, the pricing of food products, and the welfare of the groups involved... more
This paper develops a game-theoretic model of heterogeneous consumers to analyze the effect of cooperative involvement on quality-enhancing product innovation activity, the pricing of food products, and the welfare of the groups involved in the context of a mixed duopoly where an openmembership consumer co-op competes with an IOF. Analytical results show that the involvement of the member welfare-maximizing co-op
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ABSTRACT
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Health literacy is widely considered as a key determinant of health and a priority in the public health policy agenda. Low health literacy has been associated with poorer health states, broader inequalities and higher health systems'... more
Health literacy is widely considered as a key determinant of health and a priority in the public health policy agenda. Low health literacy has been associated with poorer health states, broader inequalities and higher health systems' costs. In the present study we bring into focus the functional health literacy among university students in Greece, researching and assessing mainly their ability to apply basic knowledge in a health context. The study was carried out during the period 15-30 April 2013, among a random sample of 1,526 students of 14 Higher Tertiary Public universities and Technological Educational Institutes in Greece. The objective of the study was to assess the functional health literacy among university students in Greece, adopting the short four-item comprehension test of Bostock and Steptoe. Summary statistics, correlations and regressions were used to assess the determinants of health literacy and the association with self-perceived health, health behaviours an...
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ABSTRACT
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+Kyriakos Drivas is a Graduate Student and Konstantinos Giannakas is a Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Corresponding author: Kyriakos Drivas, 27 Filley Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583-0922. Tel:... more
+Kyriakos Drivas is a Graduate Student and Konstantinos Giannakas is a Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Corresponding author: Kyriakos Drivas, 27 Filley Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583-0922. Tel: (402) 472-0279, Fax: (402) 472-3460, ...
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+ Kyriakos Drivas is a Ph.D. Student, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California, Berkeley. Konstantinos Giannakas is Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.... more
+ Kyriakos Drivas is a Ph.D. Student, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California, Berkeley. Konstantinos Giannakas is Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Corresponding author: Kyriakos Drivas, ...
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1 Graduate Student, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 27 Filley Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583-0922, USA (Tel: 1-402-472-0279) dribask@bigred.unl.edu 2 Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics,... more
1 Graduate Student, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 27 Filley Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583-0922, USA (Tel: 1-402-472-0279) dribask@bigred.unl.edu 2 Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 216 ...
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This paper studies the relationship between government sponsorship and nature of innovation produced by US universities and corporations. Using detailed patent data information and, in particular, from the patent document wrapper, where... more
This paper studies the relationship between government sponsorship and nature of innovation produced
by US universities and corporations. Using detailed patent data information and, in particular, from
the patent document wrapper, where the applicant is obliged to disclose any federal support, we examine
whether (i) federally funded patented innovations are more basic than their non-federally funded peers,
and (ii) federally funded corporate and university patented innovations are very different from their existed research agenda. Our results strongly support that federally funded corporate patents are more basic
in nature, while the evidence for universities is less nuanced. Also less pronounced and conclusive are the
findings about university patented inventions and their ties to university’s own research agenda. Results,
however, may vary depending on university (corporation) size. While the federal government finances
high risk, basic projects, it appears that some firms do not incorporate them in their overall research portfolio.
by US universities and corporations. Using detailed patent data information and, in particular, from
the patent document wrapper, where the applicant is obliged to disclose any federal support, we examine
whether (i) federally funded patented innovations are more basic than their non-federally funded peers,
and (ii) federally funded corporate and university patented innovations are very different from their existed research agenda. Our results strongly support that federally funded corporate patents are more basic
in nature, while the evidence for universities is less nuanced. Also less pronounced and conclusive are the
findings about university patented inventions and their ties to university’s own research agenda. Results,
however, may vary depending on university (corporation) size. While the federal government finances
high risk, basic projects, it appears that some firms do not incorporate them in their overall research portfolio.
This paper examines, via an event study approach, the effect of Greece’s veto against FYROM’s bid forNATO accession on the stocks of Greek firms conducting business in FYROM. The results show a negative effect on the stocks of these Greek... more
This paper examines, via an event study approach, the effect of Greece’s veto against FYROM’s bid forNATO accession on the stocks of Greek firms conducting business in FYROM. The results show a negative effect on the stocks of these Greek firms while the veto “news” was taken into account at an earlier date rather than the actual veto announcement. This date is identified as the date when negotiations over a bilateral resolution appeared to collapse.
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This paper develops game-theoretic models of heterogeneous consumers to analyse the effect of cooperatives on quality-enhancing product innovation activity, the pricing of food products and the welfare of the groups involved, in the... more
This paper develops game-theoretic models of heterogeneous consumers to analyse the effect of cooperatives on quality-enhancing product innovation activity, the pricing of food products and the welfare of the groups involved, in the context
of a mixed duopoly where an open-membership consumer co-op competes with an investor-owned firm in markets for horizontally differentiated products. Analytical results show that the involvement of the member welfare-maximising co-op in innovation activity can change the nature of product differentiation and the structure of the market, and be quality and welfare enhancing by increasing innovation activity and reducing the prices of food products. The effects of co-operative involvement are shown to depend on the degree of consumer heterogeneity and the size of innovation costs.
of a mixed duopoly where an open-membership consumer co-op competes with an investor-owned firm in markets for horizontally differentiated products. Analytical results show that the involvement of the member welfare-maximising co-op in innovation activity can change the nature of product differentiation and the structure of the market, and be quality and welfare enhancing by increasing innovation activity and reducing the prices of food products. The effects of co-operative involvement are shown to depend on the degree of consumer heterogeneity and the size of innovation costs.
Research Interests:
This paper examines the market and welfare effects of cooperative involvement in cost-reducing process innovation activity in the context of a mixed oligopsony where an open-membership marketing co-op competes with an investor-owned firm.... more
This paper examines the market and welfare effects of cooperative involvement in cost-reducing process innovation activity in the context of a mixed oligopsony where an open-membership marketing co-op competes with an investor-owned firm. The presence of the marketing co-op is shown to result in increased producer prices and welfare gains for all farmers, members and non-members of the co-op. The effect of the marketing co-op on process innovation activity depends on the relative quality of its final products, the degree of producer heterogeneity, and the size of innovation costs. A comparison of our findings with those of Giannakas and Fulton (2005) on the impacts of input-supplying co-ops, reveals that, regardless of whether they are a backward or a forward integration of their members, parts of an oligopolistic or an oligopsonistic market structure, the involvement of cooperatives in process innovation can increase the innovation activity in the market, is welfare enhancing and, thus, socially desirable.
Research Interests:
European trademark applications are an indicator of business confidence. While they have not dropped during the first wave of Covid-19 in aggregate, some countries and types of business are more affected than others. The column uses data... more
European trademark applications are an indicator of business confidence. While they have not dropped during the first wave of Covid-19 in aggregate, some countries and types of business are more affected than others. The column uses data on applications to explore the detail, showing applications by Chinese firms, new firms, and firms in certain product sectors have risen. Services firms have made fewer applications.