Francisco Manuel Parejo Moruno
Universidad de Extremadura, Economics, Faculty Member
- Researcher in Economic History and Regional Economics. Phd in Economic History in 2009, I have been studying the cork... moreResearcher in Economic History and Regional Economics. Phd in Economic History in 2009, I have been studying the cork business in the 20th century for the last decade. By now, I'm also working on the standard of living in Spain from an anthropometric history approach and on industrial districts in a regional economic perspective.edit
The evolution of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has been conditioned by a number of factors. Among them is the so-called external aspect of the CAP on which this work focuses, being the main objective to analyze the relationship... more
The evolution of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has been conditioned by a number of factors. Among them is the so-called external aspect of the CAP on which this work focuses, being the main objective to analyze the relationship between the evolution of the CAP and the negotiations leading to the liberalization of international agricultural trade, which were held within the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the World Trade Organization (WTO). In the same way, we also consider the consequences for European agricultural foreign trade derived from the commitments assumed by the European Union (EU) in those two negotiating forums. To achieve these objectives, this research proposes two working lines: first, a literature review for better understanding how international agricultural trade has been regulated since the end of the Second World War to the present, and second, a research effort to know the possible implications that said regulation have had for the evolu...
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This publication seeks to increase knowledge, or, in other words, to increase debate in the scientific and academic sphere, regarding the predominant agricultural-silvicultural-pastoral system in some regions of Spain and Portugal, which... more
This publication seeks to increase knowledge, or, in other words, to increase debate in the scientific and academic sphere, regarding the predominant agricultural-silvicultural-pastoral system in some regions of Spain and Portugal, which has been called “dehesa” in the case of Spain and “montado” in Portugal. Specifically, the main objective that we set ourselves is to verify the stage in which the research on these realities finds itself, as well as to call attention to the issues that have been ignored and which we feel are necessary to address. In this sense, we must state that the rural development built on the potential offered by these territories has not been sufficiently addressed, hence the idea of carrying out the International Congress on "The Montado in the Rural Development of the Southwest of the Iberian Peninsula” from which this thematic number arises. To be more specific in this introductory article, we intend to carry out an analysis of the existing bibliograp...
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espanolLas decadas centrales del siglo XX constituyeron un cambio radical en la hegemonia mundial del negocio corchero, poniendo fin al liderazgo espanol e iniciando un periodo de hegemonia corchera portuguesa que perdura en la... more
espanolLas decadas centrales del siglo XX constituyeron un cambio radical en la hegemonia mundial del negocio corchero, poniendo fin al liderazgo espanol e iniciando un periodo de hegemonia corchera portuguesa que perdura en la actualidad. En este articulo se analizan las medidas de politica aduanera seguidas por las dictaduras ibericas y se valoran sus efectos en terminos de desarrollo de la fabricacion corchera y de especializacion productiva y comercial de Espana y Portugal en el negocio del corcho. Se concluye que el caracter diferencial de tales medidas en ambos paises, la mayor relevancia del negocio en Portugal, y consecuentemente la mayor atencion recibida por parte del Estado Novo, y el mayor acierto luso en materia aduanera, contribuyeron a la consecucion del liderazgo portugues en el negocio de la manufactura corchera EnglishThe central decades of the twentieth century constituted a radical change in the global hegemony of the cork business, ending the Spanish leadership ...
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La pandemia del coronavirus ha obligado a los gobiernos de todo el mundo a promulgar medidas desconocidas hasta ahora para frenar sus peores consecuencias economicas y sociales. En Espana, el Real Decreto 463/2020 de 14 de marzo de 2020... more
La pandemia del coronavirus ha obligado a los gobiernos de todo el mundo a promulgar medidas desconocidas hasta ahora para frenar sus peores consecuencias economicas y sociales. En Espana, el Real Decreto 463/2020 de 14 de marzo de 2020 declaro el estado de alarma para la gestion de la situacion de crisis sanitaria ocasionada por la COVID-19. Desde ese momento se procedio al confinamiento generalizado de la poblacion en sus casas, permaneciendo los menores de edad encerrados entre el 14 de marzo y el 26 de abril de 2020. En este estudio intentamos identificar los comportamientos, emociones y sintomas fisicos que han podido padecer los menores derivados del confinamiento. Tambien analizamos si el desarrollo de actividades creativas durante el confinamiento ha motivado en ellos alteraciones emocionales y conductuales. Los resultados constatan que la realizacion de estas actividades tiene efectos positivos, contribuyendo a mitigar de forma significativa algunos sintomas como el nervios...
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Este trabajo contrasta las bases de la economía monetaria metalista con los fundamentos monetarios institucionalistas del cartalismo. Impugna la concepción del dinero que permea las doctrinas económicas y políticas contemporáneas, y... more
Este trabajo contrasta las bases de la economía monetaria metalista con los fundamentos monetarios institucionalistas del cartalismo. Impugna la concepción del dinero que permea las doctrinas económicas y políticas contemporáneas, y propone una concepción más ajustada a la realidad y a la evidencia histórica, en la que el dinero impulsa a las variables reales. Resalta la naturaleza del dinero-crédito moderno como unidad de cuenta, cuya transferibilidad incorpora al Estado como deudor. Concluye que una concepción moderna da a la autoridad monetaria herramientas de política útiles y concretas para afrontar los problemas de pleno empleo y estabilidad de precios que sacuden a las sociedades actuales.
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En este artículo pretendemos hacer una contribución al conocimiento de las ideas de Julián de Luna y de la Peña, contextualizándolas en el pensamiento económico del siglo XIX. Para ello, se ofrece una breve biografía del autor, que ocupó... more
En este artículo pretendemos hacer una contribución al conocimiento de las ideas de Julián de Luna y de la Peña, contextualizándolas en el pensamiento económico del siglo XIX. Para ello, se ofrece una breve biografía del autor, que ocupó sendas cátedras de Economía Política y Agricultura durante su vida. Además, incluimos una presentación concisa de su Tratado de Economía Política, escrito entre 1818 y 1848, que ha permanecido inédito hasta hace poco. A pesar de los diversos asuntos abordados en este tratado, nos centramos en su concepción de la riqueza, que está desconectada del valor y de los bienes materiales, estando más relacionada con el bienestar subjetivo y con la felicidad individual y colectiva con una marcada influencia fourierista.
At the turn of the nineteenth century, agriculture in Spain was seen as an empirical know-how that was transmitted from generation to generation through practice. However, at the royal gardens the idea that agriculture was a scientific... more
At the turn of the nineteenth century, agriculture in Spain was seen as an empirical know-how that was transmitted from generation to generation through practice. However, at the royal gardens the idea that agriculture was a scientific branch of knowledge was already germinating. Focusing on the two brothers—Claudio (1774–1842) and Esteban (1776–1812) Boutelou—this paper argues that these gardeners, profiting from their positions at the Spanish royal gardens, promoted agronomic development and education. In spite of the importance of the Boutelou family, a five-generation dynasty of gardeners, historiography has paid scant attention to them, as well as to the importance of agronomic travels and their reports. This paper aims at interweaving the boundaries between the history of science, history of agriculture, and gardens and landscape studies. Through the lenses of history of science and the application of Long's conceptual framework of ‘trading zones’ and Baldassarri and Matei...
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This article analyzes the changes in the global garlic business between 1960 and 2014, addressing both the global supply, concentrated in Asia especially since the 1990s, and the demand, the latter, although also led by Asia, much more... more
This article analyzes the changes in the global garlic business between 1960 and 2014, addressing both the global supply, concentrated in Asia especially since the 1990s, and the demand, the latter, although also led by Asia, much more dispersed in geographical terms, in line with the greater presence in the import trade of some European and American economies. In this context, Spain has managed to maintain its share in the world market, currently positioning itself as the second largest exporting country in the world, being surpassed only by China.
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In this paper we attempt to identify and locate the local production systems (LPS) that exist today in Portugal. We use the methodology proposed by Laine (2000), adjusted and revised with subsequent contributions made by Giner, Santa... more
In this paper we attempt to identify and locate the local production systems (LPS) that exist today in Portugal. We use the methodology proposed by Laine (2000), adjusted and revised with subsequent contributions made by Giner, Santa Maria and Fuster (2006) for analysis of the Valencian case and with the incorporation of new detection criteria of industrial agglomerations that have been used in other studies. It is adopted as the basic unit for the LPS location analysis the concelho, and as statistical classification for quantitative analysis the CAE Rev. 3, taking the information relative to 2012. We conclude in detecting 25 LPS in Portugal, some of them specialized in more than one activity, concentrated mainly in the northern half of the country, in particular near the Atlantic coast, which represent approximately 15 per cent of Portuguese industry in terms of employment and number of establishments.
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The main objective of this work is to analyze the measures implemented during the Franco dictatorship over the period 1939㈀1959 to revive the exports of cork products, which had fallen sharply since the beginning of the crisis of 1929.... more
The main objective of this work is to analyze the measures implemented during the Franco dictatorship over the period 1939㈀1959 to revive the exports of cork products, which had fallen sharply since the beginning of the crisis of 1929. The first measure, implemented in 1939 and 1940, was granting tax reliefs to exporters of several cork products; its impact on commercial traffic of cork was very low. The second measure was the establishment, between 1946 and 1950, of a subsidies system for cork exports, which allowed the recovery of the Spanish cork exports. Yet, these were classified as dumping by the United States and created a trade conflict, which forced its repeal. Immediately after this repeal, cork products were incorporated into the multiple exchange rates mechanism in force in Spain since 1948, a system of hidden subsidies that allowed an improvement in cork exports during the 1950's. The work also examines whether the objective of protecting domestic industry, through ...
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In this work it is analyzed the evolution and composition of the foreign Spanish trade of cork products during the second half of the XIXth century and the XXth century. For it there has been in use the Estadística del Comercio Exterior... more
In this work it is analyzed the evolution and composition of the foreign Spanish trade of cork products during the second half of the XIXth century and the XXth century. For it there has been in use the Estadística del Comercio Exterior de España, elaborated from 1849 up to the current importance. The above mentioned analysis sets up important changes in the characteristics that the cork business has had in Spain during the considered period, at least from a commercial point of view, emphasizing the major relevancy acquired by the import trade in the last quarter of the XXth century and the return to the stopper, which has frustrated the diversification process of the cork industry and trade, initiated in the first years of last century. For countries, Portugal has turned, from the civil war, into the first world power to the detriment of Spain. Our country could not have recovered the commercial leadership, that had during the second half of the XIXth century and the first third of...
Partiendo de los supuestos de los que derivan el Índice Físico de Calidad de Vida y el Índice de Desarrollo Humano e intentando superar las deficiencias que contienen a escala provincial las series de PIB per cápita estimadas para España... more
Partiendo de los supuestos de los que derivan el Índice Físico de Calidad de Vida y el Índice de Desarrollo Humano e intentando superar las deficiencias que contienen a escala provincial las series de PIB per cápita estimadas para España antes de 1955, nuestra comunicación pretende mostrar cómo elaborar un índice compuesto alternativo de nivel de vida a través de las fuentes de reclutamiento militar. Más concretamente, la investigación que proponemos, basada en la información existente para treinta núcleos extremeños, tiene la finalidad de combinar en un solo indicador anual (dinámico) tres variables: estatura media, sobrevivencia y tasa de alfabetización. La primera de ellas procede de la información antropométrica que proporcionan las denominadas Actas de Clasificación y Declaración de Soldados. La segunda, calculada como proporción de mozos vivos a la edad legal de alistamiento sobre el total de mozos nacidos en cada generación, deriva de la relación individualizada que, con la finalidad de proceder a los llamamientos necesarios para la elaboración de las mencionadas actas, proporcionan anualmente los juzgados y/o las parroquias. Finalmente, el índice que proponemos incorpora una variable educativa: la proporción de mozos que saben leer y escribir sobre el total de mozos que concurren a cada llamamiento. Con la combinación de estas tres variables y siguiendo la senda de los trabajos realizados por Costa, Steckel, Floud, Harris o Crafts, pretendemos conocer la evolución histórica del bienestar en una de las zonas más pobres de España y de las menos desarrolladas de toda Europa.