Public Service Interpreting

Présentation de la monographie "Principes, présences et structures de l'interprétation en milieu social dans les pays francophones", publiée dans la série "Monografías" (nº 4) de la revue "Çédille. Revue de Estudios Franceses".
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Over the last decade, telephone interpreting (TI) has consolidated its presence in the public services of many countries around the world, including Spain. That is why increased attention is being paid to the need for training TI professionals who are able to face the challenges that this type of remote interpreting entails. Despite TI's specificities (the use of the telephone as the channel of communication, the interpreter's physical absence from the place of interaction, the lack of visual information and the immediacy with which the interpreter is accessed), it shares many features with face-to-face dialogue interpreting, one of them being the role of the interpreter as interaction coordinator to ensure communication flow between the primary parties. Nonetheless, the way coordination is performed when interpreting over the phone necessarily differs from on-site interpreting. This article aims to identify and describe the specific skills needed by telephone interpreters to manage interaction between participants in conversation. Some of them are not exclusive to TI, but must be readapted for use with the telephone. These skills could potentially be used as the starting point to design a specific comprehensive training in TI.

The purpose of this document is to support the education and training of community interpreters. It does so by providing structured and detailed guidelines for professional conduct in accordance with principles and values that underlie widely accepted practice in the field. The concept of communicative autonomy is introduced in this document as a fundamental principle. Communicative autonomy is defined here as the capacity of each party in an encounter to be responsible for and in control of his or her own communication (despite language and cultural barriers).

The special contribution of community interpreters is enabling communicative autonomy in the provision of community services across language barriers. To explore this special contribution, this section offers  a fictional example (the story of a patient and domestic violence victim named Monica) to highlight the concept of communicative autonomy. Communicative autonomy goes to the heart of community interpreting: why the profession exists, what it is meant to accomplish and how it can be most effective. Monica’s case shows how communicative autonomy is the main impact of the community interpreter at the micro level—for the parties in the interpreted encounter—and also at the macro level, as a contribution to society as a whole.

[FR] Ce mémoire est une tentative d’analyse d’un impact de l’éducation bilingue de l’enfant. L'auteur cite dans son travail une multitude de définitions du bilinguisme et indique qu'il n'y a pas de définition non ambiguë de ce terme. Les chapitres suivants comprennent: les différences entre bilinguisme et multilinguisme, les types de bilinguisme, l'éducation bilingue en Pologne sur la base d'un rapport d'évaluation, les avantages et les problèmes liés au phénomène du bilinguisme et deux méthodes d'apprentissage des langues. La partie pratique comprenait les résultats d'une enquête menée auprès de 134 parents et deux entretiens avec des parents élevant des enfants en bilinguisme.

[ENG] This dissertation is an attempt at an analysis of the influence of bilingual education/ upbringing on child development. The author quotes the multitude of definitions of bilingualism in her thesis and indicates that there is no clear and unambiguous definition of this term. The following chapters include: differences between the bilingualism and multilinguisme, types of bilingualism, bilingual education in Poland based on the evaluation report, the benefits and problems connected to the phenomena of bilingualism and two methods of language acquisition. The practical part includes the results of the survey which was conducted through 134 parents and two interviews with 2 parents who bring up children in bilingualism.

[PL]Niniejsza praca jest próbą analizy wpływu wychowania dwujęzycznego na rozwój dziecka. Autorka przytacza w swojej pracy mnogość definicji dwujęzyczności i wskazuje, iż nie ma jednoznacznej definicji tego terminu. Następujące rozdziały przedstawiają: różnice między dwujęzycznością a wielojęzycznością, wychowanie dwujęzyczne w Polsce na podstawie raportu ewaluacyjnego, rodzaje dwujęzyczności, korzyści i problemy związane ze zjawiskiem dwujęzyczności, podane i wyszczególnione dwie metody przyswajania języków obcych. Część praktyczna zawiera wyniki ankiety przeprowadzonej wśród 134 rodziców oraz dwa wywiady z rodzicami, którzy wychowują dzieci w dwujęzyczności.


This paper aims at establishing a connection between public service interpreting and three basic pillars of democracy, outlined in Giovanni Sartori’s book “Democracy in Thirty Lessons” (2008). A special focus will be placed on three democratic values which are embodied by interpreters, which are: respect for the rights of minorities, mediation and equality.

Abstract
The objective of this study is to contribute to a better understanding of the negotiation of meaning between the participants of a bilingual interpreter-mediated interaction by analysing the effects of the verbalization of the inferences by the interpreter. The conceptual tools of Relevance Theory were applied to three interpreted excerpts of Russian-French psychotherapeutic interactions. The results suggest that by verbalizing inferences, the interpreter co-creates a shared cognitive environment, reinforces intra- and inter-discursive coherence, diminishes the cognitive efforts of the recipient, and encourages primary parties to cooperate. The analysis of the cognitive processes at work in the excerpts tends to show that what has so far been treated as the interpreter’s “additions” or “expanded renditions” enables the latter to exercise cooperative coordination of interaction, and could therefore be more precisely called “collaborative renditions”.

Keywords: dialogue interpreting; Relevance Theory; cognitive processing; verbalization of inferences; collaborative renditions; cooperative coordination of the interaction

This book provides a detailed introduction and guide to researching translator and interpreter education.  Providing an overview of the main research topics, trends and methods, the book covers the following six areas: training effectiveness, learning and teaching practices, assessment, translation and interpreting processes, translated and interpreted texts, and professionals’ experiences and roles. The book focuses on explaining the issues and topics researched in each area, and showing how they been researched. 
As the first book to provide a comprehensive overview of translator and interpreter education research, it has important implications to developing its areas at the theoretical and practical levels. In addition, it offers an invaluable guide for those interested in researching translator and interpreter education areas, and in educating translators and interpreters.

• Provides a detailed guide to translator and interpreter education research
• Reviews six main areas of translator and interpreter education research
• Highlights important implications for translator and interpreter trainers
• An essential resource for researching translator and interpreter education



Titles of book chapters
Chapter 1
Translator and Interpreter Education Research: Definition, Areas and Historical Developments

Chapter 2
Translator/Interpreter Training Experimentation Research

Chapter 3
Translation/Interpreting Learning and Teaching Practices Research

Chapter 4
Translation and interpreting Assessment research

Chapter 5
Translation/Interpreting Cognitive Process Research

Chapter 6
Translation/Interpreting Product Research

Chapter 7
Researching Professional Translator/Interpreter Experiences and Roles

Chapter 8
Advancing Translator and Interpreter Education Research

Her Majesty’s Courts Service in England and Wales has been subject to various changes within the past seventeen years. New working methods have been adopted, while the introduction of technologies has revolutionised the legal sphere. Since 2000, courts in England and Wales have indeed been increasingly using videoconference (VC) technologies to speed up the legal process, to enhance security, and to reduce costs, all of this in a context of budgetary constraints. Such VC pieces of equipment mean that all parties are not required to be physically in attendance in court for a case to be heard. In fact, a defendant may attend his pre trial court hearing from his detention centre since the courtroom and the prison will be linked via cameras, screens, and microphones. Interestingly, the court interpreter can be called to interpret in either location.
Even though some may embrace the advent of technological tools available in court interpreting, the effect that they may have is still unknown. Some studies have explored various linguistic and para-linguistic features of Videoconference Interpreting (VCI). However, although the court interpreter’s role, from a conduit to that of an active participant, has been widely researched in Interpreting Studies (e.g. Hale, 2008; Martin and Ortega Herráez, 2009), the role of the court interpreter when interpreting via VC systems is an under-researched field.
In this context, this thesis examines the interpreter’s perception of her role, whether she is located in court or in prison, through the analysis of eighteen interviews conducted with practising court interpreters. Building on research carried out on the use of VCI in court and the court interpreter’s role in a face to face setting, this study adopts an interdisciplinary approach by examining the interpreter’s role perception through the lens of role-space and that of Actor Network Theory.
It is argued that the interpreter’s perception of her role-space varies, depending on whether she considers herself, in Actor-Network Theory terms, as a primum movens or not, alongside the role-space axes of presentation of self, participant alignment, and/or interaction management. Furthermore, the court interpreter deploys many-but-mostly-covert role interessement devices to ensure that the other court actors rally on the interpreter’s perception of her role. This thesis ends with various recommendations as to how the court interpreter can re-align her role-space when interpreting in VCI.

Abstract: This article discusses the process of institutionalization of a migrant-oriented NGO where volunteers work as non-professional interpreters and where this had led to the integration of volunteer interpreting services in two hospitals in the Costa del Sol region in southern Spain. It explores the processes of socialization of volunteers and institutionalization of interpreters, leading to the development of an official NGO, drawing on the personal narratives of volunteers collected through focus groups and participant observation. The article begins by looking at the early stages of socialization of volunteers, through which they internalize the field structures and a series of dispositions shaped by empathy and compassion, resulting in volunteers adopting different positions available to them such as interpreters, caretakers and patient advocates. After the initial process of socialization, a process of institutionalization was requested by the regional government for the official establishment of the NGO. Drawing up the constitution of the now official NGO entailed the bureaucratization of the volunteers’ position as interpreters, which provided them with a series of assets and the legitimization of their activity as institutional agents. This study demonstrates how in this particular case volunteer non-professional interpreting became essential for the institutions in which the services are provided. The volunteer interpreters of this NGO are now legitimate institutional agents with a strong degree of professional autonomy that allows them to adopt a series of positions that belong to the domain of intercultural mediators and cultural brokers.

The paper offers an overview of the mediator/interpreter profile in Italy today, ranging from legislative provisions to labour market requirements. The following aspects are tackled in detail: Italian legal framework, implementation of legislative tenets into academic training programmes with special reference to the Scuola Superiore di Lingue Moderne per Interpreti e Traduttori of Forlì- University of Bologna, a description of the curriculum offered and  its evaluation through a questionnaire distributed to 240 students, interpreting users’ and professionals’ needs and a proposal for a curriculum that takes into account the present working and educational requirements. Given the recent regulation of the profession and the freshly introduced University reform providing specific training, the paper ends with several open questions highlighting the implications of the present trends.

The relevance of translation has never been greater. The challenges of the 21st century are truly glocal and societies are required to manage diversities like never before. Cultural and linguistic diversities cut across ideological systems, those carefully crafted to uphold prevailing hierarchies of power, making asymmetries inescapable. Translation and interpreting studies have left behind neutrality and have put forward challenging new approaches that provide a starting point for researching translation as a cultural and historical product in a global and asymmetrical world. This book addresses issues arising from the power vested in and arrogated by translation and interpreting either as instruments of change, or as tools to sustain dominant structures. It presents new perspectives and cutting-edge research findings on how asymmetries are fashioned, woven, upheld, experienced, confronted, resisted, and rewritten through and in translation. This volume is useful for scholars looking for tools to raise awareness as to the challenges posed by the pervasiveness of power relations in mediated communication. It will further help practitioners understand how asymmetries shape their experiences when translating and interpreting.

Prison interpreting remains a virtually unexplored territory for researchers. As well as drawing greater attention to it, this paper aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the prison interpreting reality by describing the setting on the basis of accounts collected through observation, questionnaires and interviews with practising interpreters and other stakeholders. The data have been examined in order to identify determining factors for the prison setting with regard to interpreting. These factors have been organized according to a subject classification: domain and setting, organizational issues and security procedures, common problems and solutions, ethical principles and dilemmas, and professional role. The findings suggest that the elements particular to the setting, in this case security procedures or the conflictual rapport that is built between primary participants, have an impact on the practice and ethics of the interpreter, pointing to the notion that it is necessary to comprehend the environment in order to adopt an adequate ethical model and professional role.

Public service translation and interpreting (PSIT) is crucial for the interaction between a government and citizens belonging to national minorities, nonnatives and citizens with special needs. Through these language services, such citizens gain improved access to information about legal proceedings, social security applications and inclusion rights. This chapter focuses on two aspects of the provision of institutional translation and public service interpreting in Slovakia: (1) the translation policy towards target groups of institutional translation: labor migrants, asylum applicants, refugees and members of language minorities; (2) the quality of the translation and interpreting services provided. We describe the way in which language services are provided in the institutional sector, by defining the target groups and the legal framework for the provision of PSIT. We outline the historical development of the provision of language services to non-native populations in the framework of language rights and the provision of PSIT for labor migrants. The chapter also considers the most recent target group of public service translation and interpreting: asylum applicants and refugees. In conclusion, we make recommendations for the introduction of systematic and standardized measures of institutional translation and interpreting in Slovakia.

Cette étude de cas examine le recours de l’interprète de dialogue à deux types d’énoncés à la troisième personne : les énoncés descriptifs (Locuteur : Je viendrai demain => Interprète : Elle viendra demain) et les énoncés avec l’inquit (Elle dit je viendrai demain), au cours d’une interaction à contenu fortement argumentatif. Située dans le cadre d’une analyse de discours intégrant la dimension rhétorico-argumentative, l’étude vise à identifier les facteurs d’ordre discursif et/ou rhétorico-argumentatifs susceptibles de déclencher le recours spontané de l’interprète à la troisième personne.

Her Majesty’s Courts Service in England and Wales has been subject to various changes within the past seventeen years. New working methods have been adopted, while the introduction of technologies has revolutionised the legal sphere. Since 2000, courts in England and Wales have indeed been increasingly using videoconference (VC) technologies to speed up the legal process, to enhance security, and to reduce costs, all of this in a context of budgetary constraints. Such VC pieces of equipment mean that all parties are not required to be physically in attendance in court for a case to be heard. In fact, a defendant may attend his pre trial court hearing from his detention centre since the courtroom and the prison will be linked via cameras, screens, and microphones. Interestingly, the court interpreter can be called to interpret in either location. Even though some may embrace the advent of technological tools available in court interpreting, the effect that they may have is still unkn...

Resumen La interpretación telefónica (IT) es una variedad de interpretación remota cuya pre-sencia no hace sino aumentar en los servicios públicos de numerosos países, entre ellos España. Si bien se lleva a cabo normalmente en modalidad bilateral o consecutiva dialógica, el ejercicio de la IT requiere la adquisición por parte del estudiante de una serie de destrezas específicas derivadas de sus características distintivas (Rosenberg 2007). El role-play o ejercicio de simulación, una de las herramientas metodológicas más utilizadas en la formación en interpretación de enlace, constituye un instrumento clave en la didáctica de la IT. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar los diferentes elementos que debe incorporar el ejercicio de simulacro en sus diferentes variedades (guionizado o improvisado) para contribuir al desarrollo de las destrezas del intérprete telefónico. Abstract " Designing role-play models for Telephone Interpreting training " Telephone Interpreting (TI) is a variety of remote interpreting which is increasingly present in public services of many countries such as Spain. Although it is usually carried out in liaison or bilateral interpreting, TI requires trainees to develop a number of specific skills due to its specificities (Rosenberg 2007). As one of the most used methodological tools in bilateral interpreting, role-plays have also become a key instrument in TI training. This paper aims at identifying the main elements that a role-play (either scripted or improvised) should include to help developing TI specific skills.

This study examines attitudes, reported actions and professional practices in regard to language from an occupational group that consists of 'language experts' − interpreters. It focuses on the topic of linguistic variation, perceptions of 'native-speakerness', accommodation to other languages, and nominated accounts for perceived difficulties in working with others – due to linguistic, extra-linguistic or other situational factors. The first part contextualises the sometimes separate and sometimes shared paths that characterise the standardisation of Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian and how these languages are classified formally by interpreter directories and universities in Germany and Austria. Empirical data from practising interpreters are then presented that contain responses to different features relevant to the discourse and interactional management of interpreter assignments, such as nominated first language(s) and ethnicity, perceptions of others' designations and conceptualisations of the languages, language variant employed with 'same-language' vs. 'congruent-language' interlocutors, discourse features of German-speaking judicial officials and of allophone clients, the 'me-diator role' of the interpreter etc.

Interdisciplinary encounters: Dimensions of interpreting studies brings together researchers, scholars, practitioners, interpreters and interpreter trainers, who share their research results, perspectives and experiences regarding the interdisciplinarity in the field of interpreting studies.
This interdisciplinarity is well reflected in the range of topics covered and research questions asked. From the interplay of interpreting and linguistics to the interplay of interpreting and psychology, to mark quite arbitrarily only two distinct epistemologies, and hence distinct methodologies.

“This volume is an excellent addition to the Interpreting Studies literature. The cutting-edge research presented by a wide range of international experts demonstrates the strength of an interdisciplinary approach to the study of interpretation. The volume will be of great benefit to educators, students of interpreting as well as experienced practitioners.”
– Robert G. Lee, Senior Lecturer in BSL and Deaf Studies, University of Central Lancashire, UK

Telephone Interpreting (TI) is a variety of remote interpreting which is increasingly present in public services of many countries such as Spain. Although it is usually carried out in liaison or bilateral interpreting, TI requires trainees to develop a number of specific skills due to its specificities (Rosenberg 2007). As one of the most used methodological tools in bilateral interpreting, role-plays have also become a key instrument in TI training. This paper aims at identifying the main elements that a role-play (either scripted or improvised) should include to help developing TI specific skills. Resumen La interpretación telefónica (IT) es una variedad de interpretación remota cuya pre-sencia no hace sino aumentar en los servicios públicos de numerosos países, entre ellos España. Si bien se lleva a cabo normalmente en modalidad bilateral o consecutiva dialógica, el ejercicio de la IT requiere la adquisición por parte del estudiante de una serie de destrezas específicas derivadas de sus características distintivas (Rosenberg 2007). El role-play o ejercicio de simulación, una de las herramientas metodológicas más utilizadas en la formación en interpretación de enlace, constituye un instrumento clave en la didáctica de la IT. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar los diferentes elementos que debe incorporar el ejercicio de simulacro en sus diferentes 1. This article is the English version of " Propuestas de ejercicios de simulación para la didáctica de la interpretación telefónica " by María Magdalena Fernández Pérez. It was not published on the print version of MonTI for reasons of space. The online version of MonTI does not suffer from these limitations, and this is our way of promoting plurilingualism.

En el presente estudio, se analizará la relación conflictual entre oralidad y escritura en la interpretación en los servicios públicos a través de dos interrogatorios interpretados por teléfono en Finlandia. El análisis se funda en un estudio detallado de los rasgos lingüísticos e interaccionales más destacados de los extractos. La meta es la de reflexionar sobre la agencia del intérprete (Angelelli, 2004: 346), es decir su capacidad y voluntad de actuar (Koskinen y Kinnunen, 2010: 6) en las situaciones analizadas, por un lado, y las consecuencias de las estrategias adoptadas por el intérprete en cuanto a la trasmisión del punto de vista de los participantes principales, es decir, el interrogador y el interrogado, por otro lado. En conclusión, se examinará la relación entre la calidad de la interpretación y los derechos lingüísticos en este contexto de interpretación intermodal e interdiscursivo.

Cédille, revista de estudios franceses. Monografías 4, otoño 2014.
This contribution explores the importance of the interpreter as a vector of distinction between linguistic rights and rights of access to public services in the Canadian context. For the former, the specific case of the language used during legal proceedings and the recognition of the national official languages are analyzed. For the latter, the fact that access to any kind of essential public services must be accomplished by means of an interpreter is underlined. In order to illustrate this distinction, both the Canadian jurisprudence on language used during the trials and the mode of functioning of interpreter lists in Quebec are examined.

This research examines the challenges of interpreting for unaccompanied child migrants in the United States and the effect of exposure to the traumatic narratives told by these children, as experienced by the interpreters involved. When a traumatic narrative is introduced, over time it has an effect on the emotional and psychological well-being of an interpreter. This study therefore focuses on the coping mechanisms interpreters employ to minimize the effects of long-term exposure to the traumatic content when they work in settings involving migrant children. During the past few decades, a number of studies have been conducted on the emotional and psychological effects of traumatic content on interpreters who work in various contexts, but very few have focused on interactions involving this vulnerable group of migrants. This study uses a qualitative approach in which data were collected through semi-structured interviews with both trained and ad hoc interpreters who work or have worked with unaccompanied children seeking asylum in the United States since the summer of 2014. The study contributes to the growing body of literature on public service interpreting. It does so by offering the interpreter's perspective on the specific challenges and difficulties of interpreting for unaccompanied child migrants in that country who face near-insurmountable systemic barriers and challenges. It sheds light on the delicate nature of interpreting for vulnerable groups, especially children, who are seeking asylum there. Furthermore, it brings into focus the applicable strategies that help interpreters prepare for interpreting traumatic experiences, and also for coping both during the act of interpreting and afterwards.

Abstract: Language barriers can have negative consequences for non-English speaking patients’ health and, what’s more, lead to an increase in costs for public health. One of the solutions would be to use professional interpreters. However, asking for the intervention of these professionals is not common practice yet and the reason often given is the lack of financial resources. Does the use of a professional interpreter positively impact the delivery of health care? What are the costs of such
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use? In order to shed light on this topic, we proceeded with a meta-analysis of 35 scientific studies conducted in the United States that address these issues. The main result is that the improvement in the medical management of the non-English speaking patient is noticeable and that the costs are minimal compared to the obtained benefits.
Keywords: Interpreting in medical settings; Costs and advantages of medical interpreting; Meta-analysis.

People are on the move, coming in from beyond the borders of the European Union and circulating within it. Our major cities in particular are rapidly becoming " super-diverse " communities with many different (cultural) minorities. Many immigrant groups are, at least in the initial phase of their residence in a new community, often unable to communicate effectively in the official language. This poses important challenges for public service providers, who ought to be able to ensure equal access to their services to anyone who requires them. Yet, not all public service providers in Europe are prepared or equipped to operate in such a multilingual environment, and in many countries both comprehensive policies and structural funding are still lacking. As a result, public service interpreting and translation are available and made use of very unevenly. Following earlier initiatives to put public service interpreting and translation (PSIT) on the agendas of the European Commission and EU member states, such as the report drawn up by the European Language Council's Special Interest Group on Translation and Interpreting for Public Services (SIGTIPS) in 2011, more recently the European Network for Public Service Interpreting and Translation (ENPSIT) was founded. Its main aims are to have the right to high-quality language assistance in service contexts officially recognized, and to see the development of (harmonized) public service interpreter and translator training, assessment and accreditation across the EU. This paper sketches (i) the societal framework within which PSIT provision is organized, (ii) how ENPSIT wishes to deploy strategies to influence European and national policy-making as well as foster excellent PSIT training and quality assurance, and (iii) how the fight for optimal communication in public services is not, nor should be, restricted to improving PSIT.

This paper is the editors' introduction to the volume. The editors discuss the bearing of human biases on the social coexistence of different identities and the centrality of language and narratives in intergroup relations. Postmonolinguism is suggested as an emerging social and scholar worldview that can provide both insights and solutions for current worldwide challenges to a peaceful and thriving society. The papers included in this volume and their contributions to that paradigm are then presented.
Aquesta presentació és la introducció dels editors al volum. S'hi tracta la influència dels biaixos cognitius en la coexistència de les diferents identitats dins la societat i la posició cabdal de les llengües i les narratives en les relacions intergrupals. Sobre aquesta base, s'ofereix el postmonolingüisme com a cosmovisió social i acadèmica que pot facilitar un major coneixement dels reptes que acara un món globalitzat en aquests moments en assegurar que la societat pot prosperar de forma pacífica i de les solucions a aquests reptes. Tot seguit es presenten els articles inclosos en el volum i la seua contribució al paradigma.

Public service interpreters and social workers frequently work with each other. A training approach that seeks to bring learners from two professional areas together is interprofessional education. This paper describes and discusses interprofessional education sessions for interpreting and social work students conducted over 3 years. We report on how these were designed and delivered and on students' evaluation of learning outcomes. Evaluations from students were elicited via anonymous questionnaires in paper/ electronic form. Responses were gained from 218 of 442 participating students on the following: level of confidence to later work with professionals of the other disciplinary background; level of importance of pre-interactional activities; and self-awareness of performance skills when interacting with a member of the other professional group. Confidence levels are reported as high, and pre-interactional activities are rated as important. Responses on performance skills relate to emotional and verbal features as well as to content knowledge and terminology.

L’objet de cette thèse doctorale est de contribuer à éclairer le rôle de l’interprète en santé mentale. Notre objectif est de déterminer si l’interprétation en santé mentale comporte des spécificités non prises en compte dans le mandat professionnel de l’interprète. Pour le rencontrer, nous confronterons rôle normatif et actions discursives authentiques exercées par l’interprète, observées dans une perspective socio-discursive, interactionnelle, inductive, descriptive et qualitative.

Interpreters and social workers frequently work together. They share some common goals and there is some similarity between the ethical guidelines that both professions follow. Despite this, interpreter-mediated social work encounters are rarely described, especially from the perspective of interpreting studies. Even more infrequent are studies that focus on trainee interpreters’ and social workers’ engagement in interprofessional education (IPE). Details of the design and delivery of IPE training sessions for interpreting and social work students, at Monash University from May 2017 to May 2019, are provided. The sessions featured two role-plays that simulated typical interactions in which interpreters and social workers work together. To assess the effectiveness of the IPE training in meeting both general and specific learning outcomes, three research questions were posed and the responses are reported in this article. The questions relate to the reported usefulness of role-plays in enabling the acquisition of desirable skills and knowledge; an increase in the level of knowledge of the other professional group, one’s own group and the perceived benefits for service-users; and the usefulness of pre- and post-interactional activities, such as briefing and debriefing. Responses to questionnaires were received from 218 of the 442 participating students. On a Likert scale with five gradings the average levels of agreement regarding the usefulness of role-plays are high, as are the levels of agreement about increases in knowledge of the other professional group and those of the students’ own professional group. The student informants reported that the skills they gained are likely to be beneficial to clients and patients with limited English proficiency. The trainees’ responses to their pre- and post-interactional interactions show that both groups registered a high level of agreement that briefings and debriefings are useful.

Telephone Interpreting (TI) is a variety of remote interpreting which is increasingly present in public services of many countries such as Spain. Although it is usually carried out in liaison or bilateral interpreting, TI requires trainees to develop a number of specific skills due to its specificities (Rosenberg 2007). As one of the most used methodological tools in bilateral interpreting, role-plays have also become a key instrument in TI training. This paper aims at identifying the main elements that a role-play (either scripted or improvised) should include to help developing TI specific skills. Resumen La interpretación telefónica (IT) es una variedad de interpretación remota cuya pre-sencia no hace sino aumentar en los servicios públicos de numerosos países, entre ellos España. Si bien se lleva a cabo normalmente en modalidad bilateral o consecutiva dialógica, el ejercicio de la IT requiere la adquisición por parte del estudiante de una serie de destrezas específicas derivadas de sus características distintivas (Rosenberg 2007). El role-play o ejercicio de simulación, una de las herramientas metodológicas más utilizadas en la formación en interpretación de enlace, constituye un instrumento clave en la didáctica de la IT. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar los diferentes elementos que debe incorporar el ejercicio de simulacro en sus diferentes 1. This article is the English version of " Propuestas de ejercicios de simulación para la didáctica de la interpretación telefónica " by María Magdalena Fernández Pérez. It was not published on the print version of MonTI for reasons of space. The online version of MonTI does not suffer from these limitations, and this is our way of promoting plurilingualism.

This paper examines the ways in which the discourse of reporting, i.e. the implicit and explicit presence, production, and usage of written texts in public administration reifies monolingual and monolithic language ideologies in interpreter-mediated police interviews and screening interviews with asylum seekers. The goal is to provide new insights into the analysis of complex networks of power relations that determine whether human rights can actually be exercised through public service or community interpreting. The paper derives from ethnographic data emanating from participant observation as an interpreter for migrants, asylum seekers, and international offenders using French and English in the Helsinki metropolitan area in Finland. In addition to being an interpreter, the author is also a researcher informed by critical discourse studies and sociolinguistic theory. The main argument of the article is that many problems related to public service interpreting that are thought to stem from cultural differences or the interpreter’s general lack of competence can be interpreted as resulting from language ideologies, reified in the practices in which they appear. One of the most important of such practices is the discourse of reporting, effectively blurring the distinction between written and oral language and denaturalizing “spontaneous” speech of interpreter-mediated communicative encounters. The paper suggests that a critical reflection on the nature and function of language and multilingualism and the consequences of language use is necessary in order to allow the interpreter to occupy subject positions from which power relations can be negotiated and linguistic equality delivered. Such a reflection should be part of both interpreter and service provider training.