SWAP

Abstract. Knowledge Sharing is a crucial issue in the Semantic Web: SW ser-vices expose and share knowledge content (expressed through ontologies and related knowledge bases) arising from distinct languages, locales, and personal perspectives; in this scenario, semantic ...

Purpose:  To assess limits for significant improvement or deterioration of visual fields in diabetic patients based on short-term test–retest variability in subjects with different degrees of retinopathy.Methods:  Fifty patients with diabetic retinopathy ranging from level 10 to 75 [according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) severity scale] were tested repeatedly with both standard automated perimetry (SAP) and short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP) with short intervals. The association between visual field loss and degree of retinopathy outside fovea was analysed. Test–retest variability of global and local visual field indices and prediction limits for significant change were calculated.Results:  The amount of visual field loss was significantly associated to the degree of retinopathy, with a correlation coefficient of −0.51 for SAP (P = 0.0003) and −0.45 for SWAP (P = 0.002). Global test–retest variability was smaller with SAP than with SWAP (P < 0.0001). For both SAP and SWAP, local test–retest variability was considerably smaller at test points with normal sensitivity than at test points with reduced sensitivity (P < 0.0001). Paracentral test points within 10° of eccentricity had less variability than peripheral points (P < 0.0001), implying that smaller change is required to reach statistically significant improvement or deterioration at initially normal and paracentral points than at depressed points and peripherally located test points.Conclusion:  Our results propose that SAP, as well as SWAP, can be useful for monitoring visual function outside fovea in diabetic patients with various degrees of retinopathy. We report a preference for SAP because of less variability generally. Limits for significant improvement or deterioration have been assessed but need future validation in a longitudinal study.

En este trabajo se aborda el análisis de los swaps deuda/naturaleza como una for ma de financiar la conservación del medioambiente y desde aquí apoyar al desarro llo sostenible de un país en vías de desarrollo. Se estudian sus mecanismos básicos, sus tipos, su estructura, algunos ejemplos ilustrativos, y sus posibles problemas.

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Abstract. Acquiring and maintaining Semantic Web rules is very demanding and can be automated though partially by applying Machine Learning algorithms. In this paper we show that the form of Machine Learning known under the name of Inductive Logic Programming ...

Abstract. The definition of new concepts or roles for which extensional knowledge become available can turn out to be necessary to make a DL ontology evolve. In this paper we reformulate this task as a machine learning problem and study a solution based on ...

The management and exchange of multimedia data is a challenging area of research due to the variety of formats, standards and the many interesting intended applications. Semantic web technologies are very promising to enable interoperability and integration of media. Many research groups are active in finding and proposing interesting solutions or standards. Within the MUSCLE NoE research is focusing on standards, technologies and techniques for integrating, exchanging and enhancing the use of multimedia within a variety of research areas. At CNR ISTI, we are developing an infrastructure for MultiMedia Metadata Management (4M) to support the integration of media from different sources. This infrastructure enables the collection, analysis and integration of media for semantic annotation, search and retrieval. In this paper we discuss the independent units that are used within the infrastructure and the semantic web technologies that are being used to support them. the representation ...

Abstract—The demand for efficient methods for extracting knowledge from multimedia content has led to a growing research community investigating the convergence of multimedia and knowledge technologies. In this paper we describe a methodology for extracting multimedia information from product catalogues empowered by the synergetic use and extension of a domain ontology. The methodology was implemented in the Trade Fair Advanced Semantic Annotation Pipeline of the VIKE-framework. Index Terms—Semantic ...

In order to serve the needs of their current and fu ture users&#39; digital libraries must provide access to the relevant data. Since recent developments are still behind user needs, describing data using metadata has proven to be cru- cial for building digital libraries and for providi ng effective access to the infor- mation. This paper describes the use of

One of the main strength of the web is that it realizes the goal of allowing any party of its global community to share information with any other party. This has been achieved by making use of a unique and uniform mechanism of identification, the URI (Universal Resource Identifiers). Web applications such as search engines have been built up on this mechanism. Although URIs succeed when used for retrieving resources on the web, their suitability as a way for identifying any kind of things, for example resources that are not on the web, is not guaranteed. We investigate the meaning of identity of a web resource and how it can be modeled in order to be implemented on the web. In particular, we propose an ontology that models the problem, and discuss some possible solutions. We describe the concept of resource from the web domain point of view, using an ontology of Information Objects, built on top of DOLCE and of some of its modular extensions. In particular, we formalize some concep...

Recent research showed the benefits of adopting formal ontologies as a means for accessing heterogeneous data sources. The use of an ontology not only provides a uniform and flexible approach for integrating and describing these sources, but it can be used to improve the usability of an integrated system by guiding the final user to formulate his/her information needs. More precisely, the task of formulating queries can be supported by an intelligent use of the ontology describing the information sources. In fact, it has been proved that an appropriate use of automated reasoning techniques can support a user in formulating a precise query —which best captures her/his information needs— even in the case of complete ignorance of the vocabulary of the underlying information system holding the data. Previous work has been carried out on intelligent interfaces for query formulation and this paper describes how to improve usability of such systems by reducing the calls to reasoning

Semantic annotation of the web documents is the only way to make the Semantic Web vision a reality. Considering the scale and dynamics of worldwide web, the largest knowledge base ever built, it becomes clear that we cannot afford to annotate web documents manually. In this work we propose a generic domain-independent architecture for semi-automatic semantic annotation, basing on the lightweight and robust techniques, proven effective in source code processing for software analysis field. We demonstrate feasibility of our method applying it for annotation of the documents for Tourism domain. The results of this experiment are validated using a three-stage evaluation scheme.

We describe here a methodology to combine two different techniques for Semantic Relation Extraction from texts. On the one hand, generic lexico- syntactic patterns are applied to the linguistically analyzed corpus to detect a first set of pairs of co-occurring words, possibly involved in &quot;syntagmatic&quot; relations. On the other hand, a statistical unsupervised association system is used to obtain a second set of pairs of &quot;distribution ally similar&quot; terms, that appear to occur in similar contexts, thus possibly involved in &quot;paradigmatic &quot; relations. The approach aims at learning ontological information by filtering the candidate relations obtained through generic lexico-syntactic patterns and by labelling the anonymous relations obtained through the statistical system. The resulting set of relations can be used to enrich existing ontologies and for semantic annotation of documents or web pages.