Prof. dr Vladimir M . Cvetković

Disasters, whether natural or human-induced, pose significant threats to human lives, property, and infrastructure. This study examines the effectiveness of search and rescue (SAR) dogs in locating survivors during disasters, with a focus on the experiences in Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia. The primary goals are to evaluate training protocols, operational challenges, success rates, and the overall impact of SAR dogs in disaster scenarios. The findings indicate that SAR dogs greatly enhance the efficiency of disaster response operations. Their superior sense of smell, agility, and ability to manoeuvre through complex terrains make them crucial for quickly locating survivors. However, the performance of SAR dogs is affected by various factors, including the quality of their training, environmental conditions, and the coordination between handlers and dogs. The research highlights several challenges encountered by SAR dogs, such as extreme weather conditions, hazardous terrains, fatigue, and psychological stress. Additionally, limited resources and inconsistent training standards can hinder their effectiveness. The study underscores the importance of standardized training protocols, increased resource allocation, and better coordination among SAR teams. By addressing these challenges, the efficiency of SAR dogs can be further optimized, resulting in more effective disaster responses and higher survival rates. SAR dogs play an essential role in disaster management in Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia. Ongoing investment in their training and welfare, along with improved operational protocols, will ensure their crucial contribution to saving lives during disasters. This study contributes to a broader understanding of the effectiveness of SAR dogs and provides practical recommendations for enhancing disaster response strategies.

This research investigates the alignment of soft power and institutional skills in Montenegro's journey towards accession to the European Union (EU), with a particular focus on the environmental sector. An online survey targeting individuals employed in state institutions directly engaged in negotiation processes, notably the Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism and the Agency for Nature and Environmental Protection, was conducted. The research conducted an online survey, distributed before and after the summer recess to accommodate the transition of power following parliamentary elections, aimed at assessing the effectiveness of current personnel and identifying areas for improvement in staffing and negotiation strategies within Montenegro's environmental sector. Employing diverse methodologies, the survey's analysis delved into the demographic, social, and professional backgrounds of respondents. It explored their roles within institutions, involvement in environmental negotiations, and possession of relevant skills and expertise. Furthermore, respondents' knowledge of environmental issues, legislation, and challenges facing the country was assessed to gauge institutional capacity for environmental governance. Demographic data, including gender, age, education and regional origin, were collected to understand gender-specific attitudes and regional disparities in environmental perspectives. The sample of 84 individuals, comprising executives and employees from both institutions, provided insights into the age structure and regional diversity of personnel involved in negotiation tasks for Chapter 27. The selection of the Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism and the Agency for Nature and Environmental Protection reflects their pivotal roles in shaping Montenegro's environmental policies and addressing climate change challenges. This study aims to illuminate the dynamics of environmental governance within Montenegro's state administration, contributing to the country's path towards EU accession. The research findings highlight the critical need for Montenegro to prioritize strategic initiatives in personnel management, skill development, and institutional capacity-building within its environmental sector. The implications of this research extend beyond academia to inform policymaking and societal action, emphasizing the urgency for Montenegro to bolster its environmental sector capabilities, fostering both EU alignment and sustainable governance practices for the benefit of present and future generations.

Integrated disaster risk reduction in schools represents a key component of safety strategies within the educational sector of every country. The aim of this study is to comprehensively explore the impact of various demographic and socio-economic factors on the perceptions of students and teachers regarding disaster risk reduction and safety in schools. This study is distinguished by its extensive empirical approach, employing a multistage random sampling method to conduct 850 face-to-face interviews (650 with students and 200 with teachers) throughout 2023 in 10 out of the total 18 municipalities in the Western Morava Basin of the Republic of Serbia. Two structured survey instruments were developed, incorporating a mix of qualitative (closed-ended) multiple-choice questions and five-point Likert scales. The research proposes two central hypotheses regarding school-based disaster risk reduction. Firstly, it suggests that gender, age, parent’s employment, academic achievement, living situation, parental education levels, and engagement with social media collectively influence students’ perspectives on this matter (H1–H8). Secondly, it posits that gender, age, marital status, parenthood, and educational background significantly impact teachers’ viewpoints on school-based disaster risk reduction (H1–H5). Multivariate linear regression was used to explore predictors of students’ and teachers’ insights on school-based disaster risk reduction. Various statistical tests, including Chi-square, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation, were employed to investigate the influence of demographic and socioeconomic factors on these insights. The results of multivariate regression analyses indicate that age, gender, and marital status emerge as the primary predictors across various facets of students’ and teachers’ insights on school-based disaster risk reduction, including awareness of disasters, disaster education activities, attitudes toward disaster risk reduction education, and enhancement of disaster information accessibility. The findings of this study provide comprehensive insights into the key factors influencing students’ and teachers’ perceptions of disaster risk reduction in schools. This research not only contributes to the academic discourse on disaster education but also serves as a foundational basis for improving educational programs, developing policies and strategies, refining normative educational frameworks, guiding teacher training, and informing further research in disaster education.

The Western Balkans region is persistently vulnerable to natural hazards, inadequate infrastructure, and limited institutional capacities, necessitating a collaborative approach to disaster risk management. This paper presents a comprehensive project led by the Scientific-Professional Society for Disaster Risk Management (NSD-URVs) in Belgrade, aiming to establish and strengthen a regional network of experts in disaster risk management. The project focuses on building expertise, facilitating knowledge exchange, promoting expert coordination, and enhancing cross-border collaboration. Key activities include developing a web platform, organizing an international conference, and advocating for regional policies that integrate best practices and innovations in disaster risk management. The expected outcomes are the establishment of a cohesive network, enhanced expertise and coordination, and improved preparedness and responsiveness to disasters. By leveraging collective expertise and resources, this initiative aims to fortify the region's resilience against potential disasters. Addressing the identified gaps and implementing the proposed policy recommendations can significantly enhance the region's resilience to natural hazards. Future research should focus on the implementation and impact of these recommendations to ensure continuous improvement in disaster preparedness and response.

Understanding and improving seismic resilience in regions prone to earthquakes is crucial for mitigating the effects of natural disasters. This study zeroes in on Montenegro, a region frequently affected by seismic activity, with the goals of critically evaluating current resilience levels, pinpointing key preparedness gaps, and assessing the efficacy of existing response strategies. Employing qualitative methods, the research involved semi-structured interviews with residents from Montenegro's most vulnerable areas, including Nikšić, Podgorica, Bar, Kotor, Cetinje, Budva, Herceg Novi, and Berane. These participants, selected for their firsthand experiences with significant earthquake impacts, contributed to a deeper understanding through discussions that aligned with a broad conceptual framework, exploring everything from the nuances of citi-zen resilience to local government responses and personal preparedness. The study aimed to gather in-depth views on community resilience during earthquakes, evaluate citizens' knowledge and preparedness for such disasters, and examine local governance strategies for enhancing seismic resilience. It revealed varying resilience levels across communities, with some displaying well-structured strategies while others showed notable deficiencies. The findings underscore the urgent need for community-specific preparedness programs and improvements in both structural and educational frameworks to enhance resilience. This research highlights the necessity of a comprehensive approach that includes detailed risk assessments, tailored preparedness training, and stronger public awareness efforts. Additionally, it emphasizes strengthening local governments' capabilities to enact and sustain effective response measures to ensure ongoing community resilience against future seismic challenges.

This study comprehensively explores Serbia's Disaster (Risk) Management System, aiming to critically evaluate its inherent strengths and weaknesses. Using descriptive-analytical methods and qualitative interpretation, SWOT analysis was applied to collect data from scientific papers, books, and institutional reports. This study delves deeply into the nuances of Serbia's Disaster Management Framework, revealing a nuanced landscape of strengths, weaknesses, and strategic improvement opportunities. Identified strengths underscore a robust foundation characterized by proficient professionals, state-of-the-art technology, and cohesive teamwork, all pivotal for effective emergency preparedness and response. Conversely, weaknesses underscore pressing imperatives for enhancements in regulatory enforcement, resource allocation, and infrastructure upgrades, presently hampering the framework's efficacy and response readiness. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on disaster risk management and serves as a catalyst for further scholarly inquiry and policy formulation. By mapping out the structure of Serbia's Disaster (Risk) Management Framework and integrating diverse data sources, the study enriches theoretical models and lays the groundwork for practical policy interventions. Its findings, including precise recommendations for policy reform and strategic improvements, provide valuable insights for policymakers, emergency management experts, and stakeholders seeking to enhance disaster preparedness and response capabilities on both national and global scales.

This comparative study aims to investigate environmental awareness, knowledge, and safety among students in Montenegro and North Macedonia, considering the unique socio-cultural and environmental contexts of both countries. A mixed-methods approach involving surveys and interviews was employed to gather data from students in educational institutions across Montenegro and North Macedonia. The study assessed various factors, including studentsʹ awareness of environmental issues, their perceived level of knowledge, and their attitudes towards safety measures. A comprehensive series of 400 face-to-face interviews was carried out and these interviews encompassed 200 students from Montenegro and an equal number from North Macedonia, taking place at two esteemed academic institutions:

This research investigates the alignment of soft power and institutional skills in Montenegro's journey towards accession to the European Union (EU), with a particular focus on the environmental sector. An online survey targeting individuals employed in state institutions directly engaged in negotiation processes, notably the Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism and the Agency for Nature and Environmental Protection, was conducted. The research conducted an online survey, distributed before and after the summer recess to accommodate the transition of power following parliamentary elections, aimed at assessing the effectiveness of current personnel and identifying areas for improvement in staffing and negotiation strategies within Montenegro's environmental sector. Employing diverse methodologies, the survey's analysis delved into the demographic, social, and professional backgrounds of respondents. It explored their roles within institutions, involvement in environmental negotiations, and possession of relevant skills and expertise. Furthermore, respondents' knowledge of environmental issues, legislation, and challenges facing the country was assessed to gauge institutional capacity for environmental governance. Demographic data, including gender, age, education and regional origin, were collected to understand gender-specific attitudes and regional disparities in environmental perspectives. The sample of 84 individuals, comprising executives and employees from both institutions, provided insights into the age structure and regional diversity of personnel involved in negotiation tasks for Chapter 27. The selection of the Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism and the Agency for Nature and Environmental Protection reflects their pivotal roles in shaping Montenegro's environmental policies and addressing climate change challenges. This study aims to illuminate the dynamics of environmental governance within Montenegro's state administration, contributing to the country's path towards EU accession. The research findings highlight the critical need for Montenegro to prioritize strategic initiatives in personnel management, skill development, and institutional capacity-building within its environmental sector. The implications of this research extend beyond academia to inform policymaking and societal action, emphasizing the urgency for Montenegro to bolster its environmental sector capabilities, fostering both EU alignment and sustainable governance practices for the benefit of present and future generations.

Integrated disaster risk reduction in schools represents a key component of safety strategies within the educational sector of every country. In this study, a series of 850 face-to-face interviews (650 with students and 200 with teachers) were conducted throughout 2023 in 10 out of the total 18 municipalities in the Western Morava Basin of the Republic of Serbia. The paper proposes two central hypotheses regarding school-based disaster risk reduction. Firstly, it suggests that gender, age, parent's employment, academic achievement, living situation, paternal and maternal education levels, and engagement with social media collectively influence students' perspectives on this matter. Secondly, it posits that gender, age, marital status, parenthood, and educational background significantly impact teachers' viewpoints on school-based disaster risk reduction. Multivariate linear regression was used to explore predictors of students' and teachers' insights on school-based disaster risk reduction. Various statistical tests including Chi-square, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation were employed to investigate the influence of demographic and socioeconomic factors on these insights. The results of multivariate regression analyses indicate that age, gender and marital emerge as the primary predictors across various facets of students' and teachers' insights on school-based disaster risk reduction (awareness of disasters, disaster education activities, attitudes on disaster risk reduction education, enhancement of disaster information accessibility, etc). The results of this study provide insight into the key factors influencing students' and teachers' perceptions of disaster risk reduction in schools. As such, they can serve as a basis for improving educational programs, developing policies and strategies, normative educational frameworks, teacher training, and further research in disaster education.

This paper presents the results of quantitative research examining the impacts of demographic and socioeconomic factors on the sustainable development of community disaster resilience. The survey was carried out utilizing a questionnaire distributed to, and subsequently collected online from, 321 participants during January 2024. The study employed an adapted version of the '5S' social resilience framework (62 indicators), encompassing five sub-dimensions-social structure, social capital, social mechanisms, social equity and diversity, and social belief. To explore the relationship between predictors and the sustainable development of community disaster resilience in Serbia, various statistical methods, such as t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multivariate linear regression, were used. The results of the multivariate regressions across various community disaster resilience subscales indicate that age emerged as the most significant predictor for the social structure subscale. At the same time, education stood out as the primary predictor for the social capital subscale. Additionally, employment status proved to be the most influential predictor for both social mechanisms and social equity-diversity subscales, with property ownership being the key predictor for the social beliefs subscale. The findings can be used to create strategies and interventions aimed at enhancing the sustainable development of resilience in communities in Serbia by addressing the intricate interplay between demographic characteristics, socioeconomic factors, and their ability to withstand, adapt to, and recover from different disasters.

Authorities and governmental bodies strongly emphasize the importance of residents preparing for natural disasters, particularly underscoring the significance of readiness for geophysical hazards like earthquakes. In this study, which represents comparative quantitative research, the levels and predictors of the impact on preparedness for earthquake-induced disasters in SouthEastern Europe countries such as Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia are examined. Using the snowball sampling technique (online questionnaire), a survey of 1245 respondents (Montenegro (n = 400), North Macedonia (n = 345), and Serbia (n = 500) was conducted from February 2023 to February 2024. The paper is based on the central hypothesis that the most significant predictor of earthquake preparedness in Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia is age, followed by gender and education. Multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the extent to which five scores of the subscales (household preparedness, community preparedness, disaster preparation, earthquake risk awareness, reinforced house) were associated with seventh demographic and socioeconomic variables. In addition to the mentioned analysis, other statistical analyses such as T-test, one-way ANOVA analysis, and Pearson correlation were also utilized. The results indicate that age emerges as a predictor in various aspects of earthquake-induced disaster preparedness and awareness in most models, followed by education. These findings confirm the significance of respondents' age in determining levels of preparedness and earthquake awareness. Overall, in North Macedonia, respondents recorded the highest ratings (M = 3.52) for household preparedness for earthquakes, compared to Montenegro (M = 2.98) and Serbia (M = 3.26), where the lowest ratings were recorded. Research findings, taking into account cultural characteristics, can serve as a basis for the development of targeted interventions, strategies, policies, and programs aimed at improving the level of societal preparedness for earthquake-induced disasters.

This paper presents the results of quantitative research examining the impacts of demographic and socioeconomic factors on community resilience to disasters. The survey was carried out utilising a questionnaire distributed and subsequently collected online from 321 participants during January 2024. The study employed an adapted version of the '5S' social resilience framework, encompassing five sub-dimensions – social structure (10 variables), social capital (9 variables), social mechanisms (17 variables), social equity and diversity (13 variables), and social belief (13 variables). This customized framework includes 62 indicators, providing a thorough assessment of community (social) disaster resilience in the research context. To explore the relationship between predictors and community (social) disaster resilience in Serbia, their attitudes towards the mentioned five sub-dimensions, as well as their engagement in preventive measures and their perception of resilience to various disasters with a particular focus on demographic and socio-economic impacts, statistical methods including t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and multivariate linear regression were employed. The results of the multivariate regressions across various community disaster resilience subscales indicate that age emerged as the most significant predictor for the social structure subscale. At the same time, education stood out as the primary predictor for the social capital subscale. Additionally, employment status proved to be the most influential predictor for both social mechanisms and social equity-diversity subscales, with property ownership being the key predictor for the social beliefs sub-scale. Despite being considered in the analyses, gender, marital status, income level, and number of household members did not emerge as the most significant predictors across the investigated community (social) disaster resilience subscales. The determined mean value of the community (social) disaster resilience index is M = 2.62, and the findings reveal that participants assigned the highest ratings to the social beliefs subscale (M = 2.76), while the lowest values were observed in the social structure subscale (M = 2.46). Findings can be used to create strategies and interventions aimed at enhancing the resilience of communities in Serbia by addressing the intricate interplay between demographic characteristics, socio-economic factors, and their ability to withstand, adapt to, and recover from different disasters.

The uniqueness of each system stems from the fact that the risks of disasters are specific and that their presence and manifestation are not universal and the same for every country. Just as no country is the same in all other segments, their disaster risk systems are unequal. The paper describes the systems in four different countries, through observation and comparison of four areas of activity that are implemented in dealing with disasters. First of all, in the paper, the legal basis and institutional frameworks on which these systems rest in each of the countries were considered-starting from the international level and guidelines given at international conferences, to all by-laws and local disaster activity plans. It was considered how each of the states implements risk mitigation activities and how it increases preparedness for them. When the system recognizes risks, their probability and the frequency of their occurrence, activities are planned to prepare the country and every individual in it for a potentially unwanted event. Differences in the ways of mitigating risks and preparing all elements of the system and protected values for disasters are presented. The third element of action in the event of disasters concerns the response. In this segment, questions are raised regarding institutional solutions in the system, division of responsibilities, the priority of response and mobilization of resources at all levels. The last phase, the one that occurs after the disaster, and that is the recovery from it, depends on the reaction. In the paper, it was discussed how in the end, when a disaster occurs and when damage to the population, environment, material and other goods occurs, how each of the states implements reconstruction, i.e. how it recovers-whether that recovery was previously well planned or whether ad hoc solutions are applied.

Conference Proceedings on Integrated Disaster Risk Management: Preparedness, Mitigation, Response, and Recovery provide deeper insights into the multidisciplinary study and analysis of aspects related to preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery from disasters arising from both natural and anthropogenic hazards. This compilation of papers serves as a comprehensive platform for exploring various catastrophic events, aiming to investigate innovative approaches in comprehensive disaster management. The first thematic unit of the proceedings, dedicated to natural hazards, extensively explores preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery in the context of lithospheric disasters, covering areas such as earthquakes, landslides, avalanches, and volcanic eruptions. It also addresses hydrospheric disasters, including floods, torrents, and avalanches, as well as atmospheric disasters such as stormy hail phenomena, droughts, and extreme low and high temperatures. The section concludes with an approach to biospheric disasters, encompassing epidemics, epizootics, epiphytotics, and forest fires. The second thematic unit investigates aspects of preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery from disasters caused by anthropogenic hazards. Here, the analysis includes nuclear and radiological disasters, industrial disasters, transportation and infrastructure disasters, disasters caused by hazardous materials, war-related destruction, fires, and disasters resulting from the use of weapons of mass destruction, encompassing chemical, biological, nuclear, and radiological terrorism. The third thematic unit focuses on innovations in the field of preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery from disasters caused by both natural and anthropogenic hazards. This section of the proceedings explores the latest approaches, technologies, and methodologies, with the aim of enhancing global capacities to confront the challenges posed by disasters. Efforts are directed towards identifying new solutions that contribute to more effective disaster management on a global scale. Zbornika radova Integrisano upravljanje rizicima od katastrofa: Pripremljenost, ublažavanje, odgovor i oporavak, pruža dublje uvide u multidisciplinarno proučavanje i analizu aspekata pripremljenosti, ublažavanja, odgovora i oporavka od katastrofa proizašlih iz prirodnih i antropogenih opasnosti. Ova kompilacija radova predstavlja sveobuhvatnu platformu za razmatranje raznolikih katastrofalnih događaja, s ciljem istraživanja inovativnih pristupa u sveobuhvatnom upravljanju nesrećama. Prva tematska jedinica zbornika, posvećena prirodnim opasnostima, detaljno istražuje pripremljenost, ublažavanje, odgovor i oporavak u kontekstu litosferskih katastrofa, obuhvatajući područja poput zemljotresa, klizišta, odrona i vulkanskih erupcija. Takođe, obrađuje se i hidrosferskih katastrofi, uključujući poplave, bujice i lavine, kao i atmosferskih katastrofa, poput olujno gradonosnih pojava, suša te ekstremnih niskih i visokih temperatura. Završava se sa pristupom biosferskim katastrofama, koje uključuju epidemije, epizootije, epifitonoze i šumske požare. Druga tematska jedinica istražuje aspekte pripremljenosti, ublažavanja, odgovora i oporavka od katastrofa uzrokovanih antropogenim opasnostima. Ovde se analiziraju nuklearne i radiološke katastrofe, industrijske katastrofe, transportne i infrastrukturne katastrofe, katastrofe uzrokovane opasnim materijama, ratna razaranja, požari te katastrofe proizašle iz upotrebe oružja za masovno uništavanje, obuhvatajući hemijski, biološki, nuklearni i radiološki terorizam. Treća tematska jedinica fokusira se na inovacije u domenu pripremljenosti, ublažavanja, odgovora i oporavka od katastrofa izazvanih kako prirodnim, tako i antropogenim opasnostima. Ova sekcija zbornika istražuje najnovije pristupe, tehnologije i metodologije, s ciljem unapređenja globalnih kapaciteta za suočavanje s izazovima koje donose katastrofe. Nastojanja su usmerena ka identifikaciji novih rešenja koja bi doprinela efikasnijem upravljanju katastrofama na globalnom nivou.

The study aims to determine the trust and presence of police officers in schools in Serbia, as well as the perception of the principals and secretaries, teachers and staff, parents and students on how successful the certain police units dedicated to schools were in fulfilling their tasks. The ex-post analysis was conducted through PEST/SWAT analysis, mapping of the key actors and using batteries of online questionnaires. Besides interviews with the MOI representatives, there were conducted: Survey with personal interviewing, Computer-aided surveying and Desk analysis and content analysis. The survey was conducted in the period from September 2021 to June 2022. The research methods were implemented in 1140 schools in Serbia and 8,617 people were included in surveys: police officers (308); principals and secretaries (1085); the team for protection against discrimination (982); teachers and staff (2988); parents (938) and students (2316). The relationships between the covariates and perception were investigated using the t-test, one-way ANOVA, multivariate linear regression, and binary regression. The results showed that a project of school police officers was not fully recognized as one of the strategically important instruments for safe schools, trust is low but presence is high. Besides that, the results suggest that the entire public believe that a police is needed in schools and that it has a very positive effect on school safety. Regarding school safety policy, it is necessary to undertake three types of measures for sustainable development of trust and presence of police in school: regulatory, informative-educational and institutional-organizational.

Dragi učesnici, sa velikim zadovoljstvom vam predstavljamo ovogodišnje predavače, stručnjake u oblasti upravljanja rizicima u vanrednim situacijama, čije će predavanje dodatno obogatiti vaše iskustvo na seminaru. Njihova stručnost i bogato iskustvo čine temelj ovog događaja, obezbeđujući vam priliku da učite od najboljih. Ovi predavači nisu samo stručnjaci u svojim oblastima, već i lideri u multidisciplinarnom pristupu upravljanju rizicima u vanrednim situacijama. Njihovo raznoliko iskustvo pruža široku perspektivu koja će vam pomoći da sagledate izazove vanrednih situacija iz različitih uglova. Seminar je prilika za povezivanje sa stru-čnjacima iz celog regiona. Očekujte ne samo izuzetne prezentacije već i mogućnost da proširite svoju mrežu i ostvarite kontakte sa vrhunskim profesionalcima u oblasti upravljanja rizicima u vanrednim situacijama. S radošću vas pozdravljamo na ovogodišnjem seminaru, posvećenom istraživanju i deljenju znanja u oblasti upravljanja rizicima u vanrednim situacijama. Ovde se susreću umovi spremni na duboku analizu i konstruktivan dijalog. Radujemo se deljenju ideja i promišljanju o najnovijim dostignućima u oblasti integrisanog upravljanja rizicima u vanrednim situacijama. Ovo je prilika da se povežemo, delimo ideje i izgrađujemo mostove ka boljoj budućnosti u našem polju. Neka ova interakcija bude plodna, ispunjena raznovrsnim diskusijama i korisnim saznanjima. Zahvaljujemo vam na prisustvu i doprinosu. Uživajte u danima pred nama, punim učenja i razmene iskustava! Dobrodošli na seminar koji će vam pružiti znanje, inspiraciju i priliku za uspostavljanje novih veza. Svaki od naših predavača ima impresivnu biografiju i istaknute rezultate u rešavanju kompleksnih izazova koje nosi upravljanje rizicima u vanrednim situacija. Njihova stručnost seže izvan klasičnih granica, što doprinosi jedinstvenom i sveobuhvatnom iskustvu seminara. Spremni su podeliti svoje duboko znanje i praksu, pružajući vam ne samo teorijski okvir već i konkretne primere iz stvarnog sveta. Ovo je prilika da direktno postavite pitanja, razgovarate o svojim izazovima i razmenite ideje s liderima u oblasti. Njihova posvećenost unapređenju efikasnog upravljanja rizicima čini ih inspiracijom, a vaša interakcija s njima čini ovaj seminar jedinstvenim iskustvom. Dear participants, with great pleasure, we introduce this year's speakers, experts in the field of risk management in emergency situations, whose lectures will enhance your experience at the seminar. Their expertise and rich experience form the foundation of this event, providing you with the opportunity to learn from the best. These speakers are not only experts in their respective fields but also leaders in a multidisciplinary approach to managing risks in emergency situations. Their diverse experience offers a broad perspective to help you view the challenges of emergency situations from different angles. The seminar is an opportunity to connect with experts from across the region. Expect not only exceptional presentations but also the chance to expand your network and make contacts with top professionals in the field of risk management in emergency situations. We warmly welcome you to this year's seminar, dedicated to exploring and sharing knowledge in the field of risk management in emergency situations. Minds ready for deep analysis and constructive dialogue converge here. We look forward to sharing ideas and discussing the latest advancements in integrated risk management in emergency situations. This is an opportunity to connect, share ideas, and build bridges toward a better future in our field. May this interaction be fruitful, filled with diverse discussions and valuable insights. Thank you for your presence and contribution. Enjoy the days ahead, filled with learning and the exchange of experiences! Welcome to the seminar that will provide you with knowledge, inspiration, and the opportunity to establish new connections. Each of our speakers has an impressive biography and notable achievements in addressing the complex challenges of risk management in emergency situations. Their expertise extends beyond conventional boundaries, contributing to a unique and comprehensive seminar experience. They are ready to share their deep knowledge and practice, providing you not only with a theoretical framework but also concrete examples from the real world. This is an opportunity to ask direct questions, discuss your challenges, and exchange ideas with leaders in the field. Their dedication to improving effective risk management makes them inspirational, and your interaction with them makes this seminar a unique experience.

Dragi prijatelji, hajde da zajedno uronimo u svet znanja o cunamijima, kako bismo zajedno bili spremni za izazove prirode. Cunami, očaravajuća ali opasna sila prirode, može zahtevati brzu i pravilnu reakciju. Zajedno možemo naučiti kako da se zaštitimo i pomognemo drugima, pogotovo kada se nalazite u turističkim obilascima predivnih i dalekih destinacija.
📚 Edukativne brošure su naš vodič kroz ovu avanturu obrazovanja o cunamijima. Pomažu nam da razumemo procese, prepoznamo upozorenja i spremimo se za najbolje korake.
Evo nekoliko dragocenih saveta:
1️⃣ Upijajte mudrost od prirode: Razmotrite kako praćenje vremenskih izveštaja može biti ključno za vašu bezbednost.
2️⃣ Kreirajmo zajednički plan: Porodica, prijatelji i komšije - zajedno razvijmo plan evakuacije i komunikacije kako bismo se čuvali.
3️⃣ Pripremimo se za avanturu: Napravite "torbu čuda" sa hranom, vodom, lekovima i dragocenim dokumentima kako biste se osigurali.
4️⃣ Obogatimo svoje znanje: Edukujmo se kroz čitanje brošura i usvajanje najboljih praksi za vanredne situacije.
Neka ova objava bude naša kap u okeanu obrazovanja o cunamijima. Podelite je kako bismo zajedno podigli svest o važnosti pripreme za vanredne situacije. Zajedno možemo učiniti svet bezbednijim i spremnijim za sve izazove

The core mission of the International Institute for Disaster Research (IDR) primarily revolves around conducting rigorous scientific research in the field of disaster studies. This extensive research work is systematically carried out within the Institute, which serves as the hub for these endeavours. The Institute's headquarters, where all these research activities are coordinated, are located at the specified address.

Admitting researchers is a deliberate endeavour aimed at assembling and nurturing a dynamic team of young, dedicated, and ambitious research associates. This team is envisioned to actively engage in a wide spectrum of activities, including the authorship of both national and international projects, their meticulous execution, rigorous scientific research, and the publication of scholarly papers and monographs within the realm of disaster studies.

Disaster Research (IDR) has been dedicated to fulfilling its mission through a dual approach, focusing on publishing activities and the enrichment of the theoretical knowledge base within the field of disaster risk management.

This commitment to publishing encompasses a diverse range of activities, including the production of research papers, comprehensive reports, informative articles, and scholarly books. Through these publications, the IDR aims to share insights, findings, and best practices that can contribute to a more informed and prepared global community.

Edukativna brošura - Uputstvo za postupanje u vanrednim situacijama izazvanim poplavama. Izdavač: Naučno-stručno društvo za upravljanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama. Autor - prof. dr Vladimir M. Cvetković. Educational brochure - Instructions for dealing with emergency situations caused by floods. Publisher: Scientific-Professional Society for Disaster Risk Management.

Edukativna brošura - Uputstvo za postupanje u vanrednim situacijama izazvanim požarima. Izdavač: Naučno-stručno društvo za upravljanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama. Autor - prof. dr Vladimir M. Cvetković. Educational brochure - Instructions for dealing with emergency situations caused by fires. Publisher: Scientific-Professional Society for Disaster Risk Management.

The study aims to determine the trust and presence of police officers in schools in Serbia, as well as the perception of the principals and secretaries, teachers and staff, parents and students on how successful the certain police units dedicated to schools were in fulfilling their tasks. The ex-post analysis was conducted through PEST/SWAT analysis, mapping of the key actors and using batteries of online questionnaires. Besides interviews with the MOI representatives, there were conducted: Survey with personal interviewing, Computer-aided surveying and Desk analysis and content analysis. The survey was conducted in the period from September 2021 to June 2022. The research methods were implemented in 1140 schools in Serbia and 8,617 people were included in surveys: police officers (308); principals and secretaries (1085); the team for protection against discrimination (982); teachers and staff (2988); parents (938) and students (2316). The relationships between the covariates and perception were investigated using the t-test, one-way ANOVA, multivariate linear regression, and binary regression. The results showed that a project of school police officers was not fully recognized as one of the strategically important instruments for safe schools, trust is low but presence is high. Besides that, the results suggest that the entire public believe that a police is needed in schools and that it has a very positive effect on school safety. Regarding school safety policy, it is necessary to undertake three types of measures for sustainable development of trust and presence of police in school: regulatory, informativeeducational and institutional-organizational.

The objective of this quantitative study was to examine the impact of selected factors on the level and state of public health capacities in local self-government units in 2021. This survey included 77 out of 145 local self-government units in the Republic of Serbia and examined six dimensions defined by the Law on Public Health. The results of the Pearson correlation showed that there were statistically significant correlations between the effectiveness of the realized program budget and microbiologically defective drinking water samples from the so-called village water supply systems, defective samples of drinking water from public taps, unsatisfactory analyses of wastewater samples, and the number of mandated fines issued. The results of the logistic regression model showed that the local self-government units that received assistance from the Standing Conference of Towns and Municipalities were 5.6 times more likely to perform analyses of their health status.

Alliances are well-known in world history. In the framework of international relations, several theoretical explanations are applied to answer the questions of why and how states enter into alliances. The traditional approach explains the alliance through the assumptions of the theory of balance of power. Game theory is also a theoretical approach to analyze the behavior of states used in academic and strategic analysis. In this paper, the basic assumption about the behavior of the states of the collective West is the theory of balance of threat. In the geographical sense, the subject of analysis is Eastern and South-Eastern Europe as a response to the behavior of the states. When faced with a significant external threat, states can balance or join. Balancing is defined as an alliance with other states against a current threat; the association is brought to the association with the source of danger. This theory is presented through an analysis of state decisions on critical issues in international security depending on whether states balance or join by Stephen Walt, systematically exposed in the capital work "The Origin of Alliances“. In this paper, the subject of analysis is the expansion of the NATO pact after the end of the Cold War, trying to give possible answers to the question of why the countries of Central, Eastern and South-Eastern Europe "joined" this military alliance after the fall of the "Iron Curtain".

In recent years, hooligan incidents in Montenegro have become more frequent and violent. Hooliganism at sports events is becoming recognized as a serious problem by citizens, legislators, and other state institutions. Violence at sports events in Montenegro exists, but it still does not represent a major security problem. States deal with this security problem in different ways, primarily by passing appropriate regulations, but in solving this problem in all states, the police seem to play a primary role. In recent years, we have witnessed a proactive approach by the police to this problem. This is precisely where the lack of the Montenegrin police, which has good police units that act repressively on hooligan outbursts, can be seen. However, the Montenegrin police do not have narrowly specialized units dealing exclusively with this problem, which will collect and exchange information about hooligans, as well as the National Office for the Exchange of Information on the Security of Football Competitions (NFIP), which is a prerequisite for the establishment and successful international cooperation in this field. field. The research presented and analyzed statistical data in the period 2018-2021. year, which refers to the actions of the Montenegrin police during the security of public gatherings, especially sports events. Based on them, it can be concluded that the Montenegrin police play a significant role in opposing fan hooliganism. Members of the police in Montenegro are adequately prepared to counter fan hooliganism, as far as repressive actions are concerned. All of the above instils confidence in citizens that the police of Montenegro will succeed, together with other state bodies, in adequately opposing fan hooliganism.

The territory of the Republic of Serbia is exposed to various natural and technical-technological hazards that increasingly endanger people and their material goods. An integrated disaster risk management system (preparedness, mitigation, response and recovery) has not yet taken root in Serbia to a sufficient extent, although there are certain institutional and legal prerequisites for its smooth functioning. Abandoning the reactive way of preparing for disasters and increasingly implementing proactive measures, societies are desperately trying to improve their resilience in resource-scarce situations and mitigate future consequences of disasters. In Serbia, there is insufficient resistance to disasters, reflected in the insufficiently improved ability of Serbian society exposed to dangers to respond to them and recover from the consequences of disasters promptly and efficiently. Despite this, many efforts are in vain considering that the population's awareness of various aspects of disaster management remains very low. The aim of this chapter refers to the comprehensive analysis and description of capacity building in Serbia for Disaster and Climate Risk Education. The undoubted importance of education in the field of disasters, which is increasingly receiving priority positions on various agendas around the world, emphasizes the necessity of continuous research on the perspectives of formal and informal education on disasters. One of the most effective tools used in all areas of integrated disaster risk management is education. Admittedly, it should be borne in mind that education is a complex and interactive psychological process in which the transfer of knowledge from different fields is carried out in a planned and clearly grounded manner in the form of a kind of transfer.

Social media informs the public about the most important events and conveys important information. Before, during, and after disasters, social media are used to disseminate information about disasters and collect data relevant to the implementation of preparedness, response, and recovery activities and measures. Social networks are effective in disseminating information and warnings, as well as in educating the public. The subject of the research is examining the influence of demographic factors on the effectiveness of social media in informing the public about the risks of disasters. Using an online survey questionnaire and according to the snowball principle, a survey of 247 respondents was conducted in 2022. The research results show no statistically significant relationship between the respondents' education level and the assessment of the effectiveness of social media reporting on disasters. Using social media can improve communication between stakeholders in disaster management and facilitate coordination of efforts, fostering communication and allocation of resources. To effectively use social media in disaster management, decisionmakers in the disaster management system must be aware of new technologies, their disadvantages and advantages, and ways to collect and analyze data from social networks.

The subject of interest in this paper is the presentation and elaboration of the disaster risk reduction system in North Macedonia, through the analysis of the strategic and legal framework, the established national platform and the institutions that are part of it, as well as their competences. The term "disaster risk reduction system" is used in the paper, implying two subsystems: a crisis management system and a protection and rescue system, which are the result of the highest state strategic documents and the adopted legal framework. Disaster risk reduction implies an overall coordinated, multisectoral approach, interdisciplinary in nature, including all social entities (from citizens to the most complex social organizations). The assumption for achieving this goal implies the realization of a situation that would be closest to the desired one in terms of the "risk management" process. On the other hand, the social way of life in the modern world implies a daily change in the way of life and especially an increase in the so-called "manufactured risks", which are basically risks that are created by the way people live. In order to achieve the stated goals in full capacity, North Macedonia has many tasks and challenges ahead of it. Namely, risk management should overall contribute to increasing the resilience of society, which in the simplest sense of the word should ensure maximum predictability of risks and threats, their prevention or handling in a way that will cause the least consequences, ensuring a normal and usual way of life of the citizens. Predmet interesovanja u ovom radu je predstavljanje i razrada sistema smanjenja rizika od katastrofa u Severnoj Makedoniji, kroz analizu strateškog i pravnog okvira, uspostavljene nacionalne platforme i institucija koje su u njenom sastavu, kao i njihovih nadležnosti. . U radu se koristi termin „sistem za smanjenje rizika od katastrofa” koji podrazumeva dva podsistema: sistem upravljanja krizama i sistem zaštite i spasavanja, koji su rezultat najviših državnih strateških dokumenata i usvojenog zakonskog okvira. Smanjenje rizika od katastrofa podrazumeva sveobuhvatan koordiniran, multisektorski pristup, interdisciplinarnog karaktera, uključujući sve društvene subjekte (od građana do najsloženijih društvenih organizacija). Pretpostavka za postizanje ovog cilja podrazumeva realizaciju situacije koja bi bila najbliža željenoj u smislu procesa „upravljanja rizikom“. S druge strane, društveni način života u savremenom svetu podrazumeva svakodnevnu promenu načina života i posebno povećanje takozvanih „proizvedenih rizika“, koji su u osnovi rizici koji nastaju načinom na koji ljudi žive. Da bi u punom kapacitetu ostvarila navedene ciljeve, Severna Makedonija ima pred sobom mnogo zadataka i izazova. Naime, upravljanje rizikom treba sveukupno da doprinese povećanju otpornosti društva, što u najjednostavnijem smislu reči treba da obezbedi maksimalnu predvidljivost rizika i pretnji, njihovo sprečavanje ili rukovanje na način koji će izazvati najmanje posledice, obezbeđujući normalan i uobičajen način života građana. Предметот на интерес во овој труд е приказ и елаборација на системот за намалување ризици од катастрофи во Северна Македонија, преку анализа на стратешката и правната рамка, воспоставената национална платформа и институциите кои влегуваат во негов состав, како и нивните надлежности. Во трудот се користи терминот „систем за намалување ризици од катастрофи“, подразбирајќи притоа два потсистеми: систем за управување со кризи и систем за заштита и спасување, кои се резултат на највисоките државни стратешки документи и усвоената законска рамка. Намалувањето на ризиците од катастрофи подразбира севкупен координиран, мултисекторски пристап, интердисциплинарен по својата природа, вклучувајќи ги сите општествени субјекти (од граѓаните до најсложените општествени организации). Претпоставката за постигнување на оваа цел подразбира остварување на состојба која би била најблиску до посакуваната во однос на процесот на „управување со ризиците“. Од друга страна, општествениот начин на живот во современиот свет подразбира секојдневна промена на начинот на живот и особено зголемување на таканаречените „произведени ризици“, кои во основа се ризици кои се создаваат од начинот на живеење на луѓето. За да се остварат во полн капацитет наведените цели, Северна Македонија има пред себе многу задачи и предизвици. Имено, управувањето со ризиците треба севкупно да придонесе кон зголемување на отпорноста на општеството, што во наједноставна смисла на зборот треба да обезбеди максимална предвидливост на ризиците и заканите, нивно спречување или справување на начин кој ќе предизвика најмалку последици обезбедувајќи нормален и вообичаен начин на живот на граѓаните.

The uniqueness of each system stems from the fact that the risks of disasters are specific and that their presence and manifestation are not universal and the same for every country. Just as no country is the same in all other segments, their disaster risk management systems are unequal. The paper describes the systems in four different countries, through observation and comparison of four areas of activity that are implemented in dealing with disasters. First of all, in the paper, the legal basis and institutional frameworks on which these systems rest in each of the countries were considered-starting from the international level and guidelines given at international conferences, to all by-laws and local disaster activity plans. It was considered how each of the states implements risk mitigation activities and how it increases preparedness for them. When the system recognizes risks, their probability and the frequency of their occurrence, activities are planned to prepare the country and every individual in it for a potentially unwanted event. Differences in the ways of mitigating risks and preparing all elements of the system and protected values for disasters are presented. The third element of action in the event of disasters concerns the response. In this segment, questions are raised regarding institutional solutions in the system, division of responsibilities, the priority of response and mobilization of resources at all levels. The last phase, the one that occurs after the disaster, and that is the recovery from it, depends on the reaction. In the paper, it was discussed how in the end, when a disaster occurs and when damage to the population, environment, material and other goods occurred, how each of the states implements reconstruction, i.e. how it recovers-whether that recovery was previously well planned or whether ad hoc solutions are applied.

The territory of Serbia is vulnerable to various types of natural and man-made disasters. The risk is not equal across the entire territory, depending on the type of hazard and the expected potential for damage. So far, the level of community disaster resilience has not been determined in Serbia. There are no scientific preconditions for its improvement to reduce the future material and intangible consequences of disasters. Regarding that, the project's main objective is to develop and validate a predictive model of community disaster resilience based on social identity influences through an investigation impact of social identity indicators on the level of community disaster resilience in Serbia. The project is based on the upcoming research on whether the level of community disaster resilience can be predicted based on social identity indicators, how social identity indicators affect different dimensions of community disaster resilience, and how disasters shape social identity. The project is based on multimethod research in which quantitative (face-to-face interviews in 40 of the 191 municipalities), and qualitative (semi-structured interviews) research methodology will be applied. A developed predictive model with an index of community disaster resilience in Serbia will empower the creation of preconditions for designing public policies, strategies and procedures for improving resilience and reducing the consequences of disasters on people and their property and enhancing citizens' security. The project will encourage the prediction of community disaster resilience based on social identity indicators, improving disaster foresight and preparing to limit disaster losses. Based on the development of analytical frameworks for understanding community disaster resilience and social identity in disasters, essential preconditions for designing innovative information systems will be created to enable local communities to increase their level of resilience.

Human perception of nature and God have always been inextricably linked. In order to understand nature and its inherent processes, including various natural hazards, the reasons for their origin were often attributed to God's will, suffering for sin and the similar. Fear of material and human losses prompted a man to pray and offer sacrifices/gifts and other rituals to appease the "wrath of the gods". The progress of civilization and technology has not alleviated the destruction and trauma that natural disasters inflict on all aspects of social life. A major obstacle to this is the exponential population growth in vulnerable areas. The frequency of natural disasters and the fatalistic attitudes that limit the effective fight against them have motivated religious communities and individuals to cooperate with international and international organizations and institutions to reduce the risk of local disasters. Believers thus receive the necessary psychological and financial assistance and support from religious communities during all phases of disaster management. Therefore, the subject of this paper is a comprehensive examination relationship between the degree of religiosity of the population and how this connection impacts the policy of reducing disaster risk. The aim of the research is to scientifically describe the nature of the relationship between the degree of religiosity of citizens and different segments of disaster risk reduction.

This paper presents quantitative research results regarding the predictive model of citizens' attitudes about the risks of introducing death penalty in the Serbian criminal justice system. We tested the central hypothesis of which gender is predicting variable in citizens' attitudes about the risks of introducing the death penalty in the Serbian criminal justice system. The research was conducted with the use of a questionnaire that was requested and then collected online from 427 people in June 2021. A multivariate regression analysis was used, identifying the extent to which total scores of the main dependent variables (introducing the death penalty; trust in the criminal justice system; advantages of introduction; disadvantages of introduction scores) were associated with five demographic and socioeconomic variables: gender, marital status, education, income, and age. The findings revealed that gender and educational level were the most effective predictors of the research variables under question. The majority of respondents support the introduction of death penalty and the most important predictor of disadvantages of introducing death penalty in the Serbian criminal justice system is age. Based on the findings that there are major differences in the citizens' attitudes about the risks of introducing death penalty in the criminal justice system, policies, strategies, and regulations must take into account these very important findings. The presented model can be used for a more detailed understanding of people's attitudes regarding the support and opposition to the introduction of death penalty in the Serbian criminal justice system.

У научној литератури постоје бројна истра живања перцепције грађана о полицији. Међутим, поставља се питање како полицију виде припадници приватног обезбеђења, који обављају сличне безбедносне задатке као полицајци. Резул та ти истраживања у коме је учествовало 178 припадника при ва т ног обезбеђења указују да они имају високо мишљење о полицији и њеним припадницима. Приметно је да старији припадници приват ног обезбеђења имају нешто боље мишљење о припадницима по лиције него њихове млађе колеге. То указује да са млађим припад ницима приватног обезбеђења треба више радити, не само на кур севима за приватно обезбеђење, него и касније током службе. Свакако треба више инсистирати на заједничким обукама, како ради повећања поверења тако и ради упознавања са процедурама које службе предузимају. Scientific literature includes numerous studies of citizens’ perceptions of the police. However, the question arises as to how the police are seen by members of priv ate security, who perform similar security tasks as police officers. The results of the survey, which involved 178 members of private security services, indicate that they have a high opinion of the police and its members. It is noticeable that older members of private security have a slightly better opinion of members of the police than their younger colleagues. This indicates that more work should be done with younger members of the private security, not only as part of the courses f or private security, but also later, during the service. There is certainly a need to insist more on joint trainings, both in order to increase trust and to get to know the procedures that the services are undertaking.

Wildfires risk assessment plays a key role in each phase of the wildfire cycle, enabling the shift from fire suppression to prevention activities while improving decisions for response and restoration activities. Moreover, it enables synergies between fire and landscape management for achieving an integrated fire management approach. Because wildfires' complexity depends on different meteo-climatic, physics and human aspects, wildfire risk assessment and mapping still lack a consolidated science-based methodology as it is for other natural hazards. Such a gap limits its adoption across all different authorities involved in wildfire management, for local, national and regional governments. Moreover, it affects the capacity to properly handle transboundary aspects, considering that wildfires are not limited by national borders. The IPAFF project proposes an approach to develop a common methodology, starting from evaluating wildfires risk assessment capacities in Western Balkans and Turkey. Leveraging the European guidelines on risk assessment and tightening the focus on wildland fires, the analysis assesses capacities considering the following aspects: i) the legal and institutional framework shaping roles and responsibilities of authorities for fire and landscape management at different governmental levels; ii) coordination mechanisms and procedures; iii) data, methods, and tools; iv) mobilization of technical and managerial expertise. Each aspect is broken down into diverse criteria ranked through qualitative structured interviews addressed to a panel of key stakeholders and decision-makers in each country, identifying weaknesses and threats to be handled for developing and implementing wildfire risk assessment. Results are elaborated in the formulation of a regional technical guideline, consolidated through focus groups, calibrating and harmonizing the guideline's content, considering the results of the capability assessment conducted in each country. The set of recommendations for elaborating the guideline, will contribute in developing a common regional approach for wildfire risk mapping in Western Balkans and Turkey, considering EU and international standards.

This paper presents quantitative research results regarding the influence of demographic factors on the earthquake risk perception of the citizens of Belgrade. This research aims to determine how much the citizens of Belgrade are aware of the risk and prepared to react in the event of an earthquake. The relationship between gender, age, level of education, and facility ownership with risk perception was examined. T-test, One-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to examine the relationship between the variables and the earthquake risk perception. The survey was conducted using a questionnaire that was given and then collected online among 235 Belgrade respondents during September 2020. The questions were divided into three categories. The first part of the questionnaire was consisted of general questions about the demographic characteristics of the respondents, then the questions that would determine the level of awareness of the respondents about earthquakes, and finally, the questions for determining the respondents' preparedness. The results of the research show that women have a higher perception of risk. It has been proven that the youngest respondents from the age category of 18-30 have the lowest risk perception. The influence of education level in no case showed a statistically significant correlation with risk perception.

Starting from the unexplored level of the fire safety of citizens in Serbia, this paper presents the results of quantitative research regarding a fire safety behavior model for residential buildings in Serbia. The research was conducted using a questionnaire that was provided and then collected online for 540 respondents during April 2021. The study’s objective was to determine to what degree education level and gender influence the prediction of the fire safety behavior model (individual preparedness, personal security, fire risk, fire prevention knowledge) for residential buildings in Serbia. The multivariate regression analyses showed that the most important predictor of individual preparedness, personal security, and fire risk perception was gender, followed by age. On the other hand, education level, ownership status, and monthly income did not sig-nificantly affect individual preparedness for fire protection, personal security, fire risk, and pre-vention knowledge. Moreover, the results showed the main reasons for not taking preventive actions are the high cost of the equipment, not being familiar with the exact measures to take, believing that the emergency services would provide them with the necessary assistance, a lack of time, etc. The obtained results can be used to improve the preparedness of citizens to respond in a timely and appropriate manner to fires in residential buildings and create programs and campaigns to improve awareness among the general public.

Difficulties in the disaster management process are caused by many factors such as the complexity and fast-spreading harmful effects of hazards, lack of timely and accurate information, difficulty in making key decisions, inability to assess the situation in a short time, the complexity of managing necessary resources, etc. For these reasons, effective disaster response is conditioned by the availability of a variety of data stored in numerous international and national databases that can be used in real-time. In addition, decision-makers are forced to use a variety of information systems and tools that allow them to make quick and accurate calculations in order to make appropriate decisions in a particular situation. Guided by this, the authors, using the method of content analysis and literature review, identify, analyze and comprehensively systematize and describe the significant characteristics of such databases and information systems. The aim of this paper is the scientific description of information and logistics systems and databases that are important for disaster management. The scientific significance of the paper is reflected in the systematization of scientific knowledge about the advantages and disadvantages of using information systems and databases on disasters. In contrast, the social implications of the paper are reflected in informing competent services about the existence and possibilities of using information systems and databases in specific cases of disaster management. Keywords: security, disasters, management, databases, information systems, logistics systems. Poteškoće u procesu upravlјanja u katastrofama uslovlјene su delovanjem mnogobrojnih faktora kao što su složenost i velika brzina širenja štetnih dejstava opasnosti, nedostatak pravovremenih i tačnih informacija, komplikovanost donošenja klјučnih odluka, nemogućnost sagledavanja celokupne situacije u kratkom vremenskom periodu, složenost upravlјanja neophodnim resursima itd. Iz tih razloga, efikasno reagovanje na katastrofe je uslovlјeno dostupnošću različitih podataka koji su pothranjeni u mnogobrojnim međunarodnim i nacionalnim bazama podataka koje se mogu koristiti u realnom vremenu. Osim toga, donosioci odluka su prinuđeni da koriste različite informacione sisteme i alate koji im omogućavaju brze i tačne proračune u cilјu donošenja odgovarajućih odluka u konkretnoj situaciji. Rukovodeći se time, autori u radu primenom metode analize sadržaja i pregledom literature, identifikuju, analiziraju i sveobuhvatno sistematizuju i opisuju značajne karakteristike takvih baza i informacionih sistema. Cilј naučnog rada predstavlјa naučna deskripcija informaciono-logističkih sistema i baza podataka od značaja za upravlјanje u katastrofama. Naučni značaj rada ogleda se u sistematizaciji naučnih saznanja o prednostima i nedostacima korišćenja informacionih sistema i baza podataka o katastrofama. Nasuprot tome, društvene implikacije rada ogledaju se u informisanju nadležnih službi o postojanju i mogućnostima korišćenja informacionih sistema i baza podataka u konkretnim slučajevima upravlјanja u katastrofama. Klјučne reči: bezbednost, katastrofe, upravlјanje, baze podataka, informacioni sistemi, logistički sistemi.

Nuclear power remains one of the most accessible choices in addressing environmental and social concerns due to the continuously increasing energy needs around the world. While it remains an excellent source of energy due to its low price and low level of emissions, potential accidents remain a serious problem. An example of such is the most recent accident in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (2011), which reminded the world of the potential risks of nuclear energy and the consequences of which continue to have a lasting effect. There is no nuclear power plant in Serbia, but there are about 15 nuclear power stations scattered within its neighboring countries. Therefore, the Serbian Government decided to study how the Serbian public perceives the risks related to the potential construction of nuclear power stations in the country, nuclear energy in general, and its possible benefits and risks. The objective of this paper is to present the results of this assessment along wit...

1 Vladimir M. Cvetković, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Faculty of Security Studies, University of Belgrade, Serbia. E-mail: vmc@fb.bg.ac.rs 2 Eric Noji, Ph.D., Distinguished University Professor and Senior Consultant in Emergency Medicine, King Saud University Hospitals and College of Medicine, USA. E-mail: eric@eknoji.com 3 Marina Filipović, Doctoral Candidate, Faculty of Security Studies, University of Belgrade, Serbia. E-mail: fmarina@fb.bg.ac.rs 4 Marija Popović Mančević, Doctoral Candidate, Academy of Criminalistic and Police Studies, Serbia. E-mail: marija.popovic@ kpa.edu.rs 5 Želimir Kešetović, Ph.D., Professor, Faculty of Security Studies, University of Belgrade, Serbia. E-mail: zelimir.kesetovic@gmail.com 6 Nenad Radović, Ph.D., Professor, Academy of Criminalistic and Police Studies, Serbia. E-mail: nenad.radovic@kpa.edu.rs ming from the different p erspectives of p oliticians, academics, security experts, etc. Schwenkenbecher (2012: 14) defined terrorism as a strategy or a ...

As climatological disasters, droughts increasingly jeopardize the safety of people and their property, creating serious environmental problems including the negative impact on the environment. For these and other reasons, the droughts as a natural disaster are beginning to attract more attention of researchers all over the world who want to better comprehend them in the phenomenological and quantitative terms. Bearing in mind that this is a mass phenomenon, which consists of multiple units, the most preferred scientific method for drawing conclusions about the drought is the statistical method. Guided by this fact, the subject of research is a descriptive statistical analysis of geospatial and temporal distribution of drought in the world during the period 1900-2013. In addition, a statistical study was conducted in such a way that the first step taken in the form of raw data Excel file from the international database on disasters (CRED) in Brussels and then analyzed in the SPSS sta...

In the face of natural disasters, communities are often the first line of defence, bearing the brunt of devastation while also displaying remarkable resilience in their aftermath. The ability of societies to withstand, adapt to, and recover from such crises is a testament to the strength and resourcefulness inherent in human communities. This monograph, titled "Community Disaster Resilience in Serbia," represents a concerted effort to delve into the underlying dynamics that shape a community's capacity to cope with natural disasters. Fo-cusing on Serbia, a country with a rich tapestry of social, economic, and demographic complexities, this research endeavors to unravel the intricate interplay between various socio-economic and demographic factors and community resilience. The research methodology employed in this study is grounded in a comprehensive quantitative approach, leveraging rigorous statistical analyses to explore the multifaceted dimensions of community disaster resilience. Through the administration of a carefully crafted questionnaire to 321 participants in January 2024, we sought to capture diverse perspectives and experiences, enriching our understanding of the complex socio-economic and demographic landscape of Serbia. At its core, this study recognizes the critical importance of understanding how factors such as income, employment status, marital status, education, risk perception, gender, and age intersect to influence a community's ability to withstand and recover from natural disasters. By shedding light on these nuanced relationships, we aim to equip policymakers, practitioners, and community leaders with evidence-based insights to enhance disaster preparedness and response efforts. A notable aspect of our methodology is the utilization of the snowball sampling method, which facilitated the organic expansion of our participant pool. By harnessing the networks and connections within communities, we were able to access a diverse array of voices, enriching our dataset and ensuring the robustness of our findings. Central to our inquiry is the exploration of how age, education, and gender intersect with broader social structures, capital, mechanisms, equity, diversity, and beliefs to shape community disaster resilience in Serbia. By elucidating these relationships, we aim to provide insights that can inform targeted interventions and policy initiatives aimed at bolstering community resilience across the country. This monograph holds significant importance in the field of disaster resilience research and practice for several reasons. Firstly, it fills a crucial gap in the existing literature by providing comprehensive insights into the impacts of demographic and socioeconomic factors on community disaster resilience, particularly within the context of Serbia. While studies on disaster resilience abound, there is a notable scarcity of research specifically examining the influence of demographic and socioeconomic factors on resilience in this region. Secondly, the findings of this research offer practical implications for policymakers, government agencies, non-governmental organisations, and community leaders involved in disaster management and resilience-building initiatives. By identifying key predictors and factors influencing community resilience, stakeholders can tailor interventions and strategies to address specific vulnerabilities and enhance the capacity of communities to withstand, adapt to, and recover from disasters effectively. Furthermore, the utilization of robust statistical methods and the comprehensive nature of the research design enhance the reliability and validity of the findings presented in this monograph. The employment of multivariate regression analysis allows for a nuanced understanding of the relationships between various predictors and different dimensions of community disaster resilience, providing valuable insights for both academics and practitioners. Moreover, by employing an adapted version of the ‘5Ssocial resilience framework, this research contributes to the advancement of theoretical frameworks and conceptual models in the field of disaster resilience. The application of such frameworks enables researchers and practitioners to systematically assess and evaluate the complex interplay between social, economic, and environmental factors shaping community resilience, thereby facilitating more informed decision-making and resource allocation. Overall, this monograph serves as a seminal contribution to the burgeoning field of disaster resilience, offering evidence-based insights and actionable recommendations for enhancing resilience-building efforts in Serbia and beyond. Its significance lies not only in its empirical findings but also in its potential to inform policy development, guide practice, and inspire further research in the pursuit of building more resilient and adaptive communities worldwide. As we embark on this intellectual journey, we extend our gratitude to all those who have contributed to this endeavor, from the participants who generously shared their insights to the researchers and practitioners whose expertise has guided our inquiry. We hope this monograph will serve as a valuable resource for academics, policymakers, and practitioners alike, fostering dialogue and collaboration in our collective efforts to build more resilient communities in Serbia and beyond.

Scientific research titled "Readiness of High Schools in the West Morava River Basin in the Republic of Serbia for Disaster Risk Reduction and Emergency Management" aimed to explore the factors influencing the readiness and capacities of high schools, civil society organizations, and local governments, including civil protection departments, in the West Morava River Basin in Serbia in preventing disaster risks in accordance with the Law on Disaster Risk Reduction and Emergency Management. The research included an analysis of the effectiveness of collaboration between civil protection departments, high schools, and civil society organizations in the West Morava River Basin regarding integrated disaster risk management, the involvement of youth and civil society organizations in the reform of integrated disaster risk management, the level of readiness, and the factors influencing youth in raising public awareness of the importance of disaster risk reduction, as well as the development of multisectoral collaboration between high schools, local governments, and civil society organizations in reducing disaster risks. The general hypothesis of the research suggests that the level of readiness and capacities of high schools, local governments, and civil society organizations are lower, there is insufficiently effective collaboration, limited youth representation in reform processes, and underdeveloped multisectoral cooperation, as confirmed by the research. Using a multi-method approach, existing data sources, documentation, archival material, and data generated through surveys of students, teachers, and employees in civil protection departments were utilized. Quantitative research methods were employed for data analysis, including parametric and non-parametric statistical techniques. The results of the analysis provided insights into the effectiveness of the disaster preparedness system in the researched area, laying the foundation for further recommendations and system improvement. Examined topics covered various aspects of disaster preparedness, including attitudes towards the role of students, the level of school preparedness, and the desire for additional training for teaching staff. The results indicate widespread support for involving students in disaster risk reduction activities, and the proposed recommendations include additional training for teachers, increased budgets for disaster risk education, stronger collaboration with relevant institutions, the introduction of practical exercises into the educational process, and enhanced awareness of collaboration opportunities. The results highlight the dominant use of the internet as the main source of information on disasters, emphasizing the importance of online resources in education. Weaknesses in school collaboration with specialized institutions and low parental involvement underscore the need for stronger collaboration between the education system and interested institutions. Student attitudes toward introducing disaster-related subjects vary, raising the need for additional analysis and curriculum adjustments. Insufficient partnership with non-governmental organizations and civil society indicates the need for expanded education beyond the formal educational framework. Students express the need for practical education and training, emphasizing the importance of evacuation simulations. Analyzing student attitudes regarding disaster preparedness reveals a high degree of agreement on involving students in preparedness plans. It is essential to emphasize students' inclination towards introducing subjects on safety culture and their awareness of the importance of individual preparations in emergencies. In conclusion, the research provides significant recommendations for improving educational strategies and collaboration in the field of disaster preparedness. These recommendations aim to raise educational standards and enhance overall safety in schools, creating an efficient and comprehensive disaster preparedness system in the educational environment. Based on the conclusions, the following recommendations are proposed: 1. Schools should actively collaborate with specialized institutions to provide updated and relevant disaster information. 2. Develop mechanisms for actively involving parents in disaster education to create synergy between school and family. 3. Consider integrating disaster-related materials into other subjects to better cover this topic within the existing curriculum. 4. Encourage the use of online resources for disaster education, providing students access to reliable information. 5. Collaborate with non-governmental organizations and civil society to enhance additional disaster education beyond the school curriculum. 6. Develop practical education programs, including evacuation simulations, to improve understanding and preparedness for disaster response. 7. Implement disaster simulations and evacuation exercises for active student participation in preparation processes and skill development. 8. Encourage and motivate teachers to conduct evacuation exercises, educate themselves on emergency response procedures, and transfer this knowledge to students. 9. Allow students to participate in disaster preparedness planning processes to strengthen their personal responsibility and awareness of risks. 10. Develop and strengthen collaboration with relevant disaster management authorities, schools, and rescue services for more effective student education. 11. Consider introducing subjects on Safety Culture into the curriculum to systematically address disaster risk reduction topics. 12. Increase student awareness of legal obligations related to disaster risk reduction to promote responsibility and compliance with regulations. 13. Conduct education on proper emergency response and enhance awareness of risks. 14. Ensure inclusivity in disaster preparedness processes, considering the diverse needs and abilities of students. 15. Comprehensive teacher training should include topics such as first aid and student safety during disasters. 16. Intensify collaboration with rescue services and non-governmental organizations, including regular meetings, joint exercises, and resource and information sharing. 17. Integrate practical exercises into the regular curriculum, focusing on realistic scenarios that may occur in a specific community. 18. In addition to organizing workshops and seminars, it is important to develop online platforms that provide continuous access to information on collaboration with rescue services and non-governmental organizations. 19. Improve access to information: organize training and workshops for teachers to enhance their understanding of disaster risk reduction. 20. Invite local disaster risk management experts to share their knowledge with teachers and students, etc. All these recommendations can contribute to the creation of a more effective disaster education system, increasing students' knowledge, awareness, and readiness to respond adequately in emergencies. These recommendations aim to strengthen the disaster education system and collaboration between schools and all relevant organizations, contributing to an overall increase in the safety of students and the preparedness of teaching staff to respond in emergency situations. Directed at various aspects of the educational process, these recommendations provide a complex and comprehensive approach to raising awareness and preparing for disasters in the education system.

In an age where the intricate interplay between human activities and the environment demands careful consideration, "Human Resource Management in Environmental Security" emerges as a comprehensive exploration of the dynamic relationship between human resources and environmental sustainability. This academic endeavor seeks to navigate the complexities inherent in managing human capital within the framework of environmental protection. In the pursuit of securing our environment, the traditional paradigms of human resource management must evolve to meet the challenges posed by climate change, resource depletion, and ecological imbalances. Globalization introduces an array of new challenges and imposes escalating requirements concerning environmental quality, creating an imperative for innovative solutions. In response, human resource management becomes a proactive force, necessitating the initiation of strategic initiatives aimed at improving the quality of human potential expression through the thoughtful allocation and maximization of resources. The complexity inherent in determining coordination and subordination in the functioning of the environment alongside other systems is defined by a strategic conflict. This conflict is intricately conditioned, on one hand, by the economic needs of local governments striving for progress and, on the other hand, by the imperative of ensuring the sustainability of the environment. Human resources management emerges as a pivotal link in addressing, navigating, and ultimately overcoming this intricate strategic conflict. The term "human capital" is inextricably linked to Human Resources, serving as a nuanced reflection of their physical, spiritual, and emotional characteristics. The result of engaging human resources in the environment transcends mere utilitarianism and could not hitherto be accurately identified with their overall resources. Detecting, targeting, and engaging the latent human potential in environmental protection emerges as a profound challenge, requiring a multidimensional approach. Provided it is secured by robust environmental support, the "human capital" owned by a unit of local government transforms into a potential driving force of high-value performances within the environment and the jurisdiction covered by the local government. The role of human resources in environmental protection is not just significant but indispensable. Consequently, there is an immense need to focus on comprehending the behavior of human resources and identifying opportunities for their holistic development. This emphasis is crucial as it positions human resources as a decisive factor influencing and affecting the continuity in achieving environmental sustainability. Human resources within local governments are dynamic entities capable of learning, expressing the ability to create, acquire, and transmit new knowledge and concepts. They do so successfully by adapting these innovations to their neighborhoods, their environment, and their overarching intentions. In line with the previously stated premises, there exists a pressing need for a scientific breakthrough in the modelling of human resources. This breakthrough aims to position human resources as the true value of each respective local government, both concerning the integrity of the scope of their business activities and, especially, when it comes to environmental protection. This study represents a significant step in that transformative direction. The created model of human resource management in environmental protection is not just a theoretical construct; it's a pragmatic concept that fundamentally alters the character of the basic assumptions about human resources for the environment. This initiative marks the initiation of a change in the established context, setting the stage for a more sustainable and environmentally conscious future. This book is a collaborative effort that brings together scholars, researchers, and practitioners to shed light on the multifaceted dimensions of human resource management in the context of environmental security. By delving into theoretical frameworks, empirical studies, and practical applications, it endeavors to provide a holistic understanding of how human resources can be strategically leveraged to address environmental issues. The chapters within this volume address a spectrum of topics, including motivational factors for environmental stewardship, sustainable resource management, and the role of local self-government in mitigating environmental externalities. Through rigorous academic inquiry and thoughtful analysis, the contributors contribute to the growing body of knowledge that informs both scholarship and practical approaches to human resource management for environmental sustainability. We extend our heartfelt appreciation to the authors who have dedicated their expertise to this scientific field, the reviewers whose insightful feedback enhanced the quality of the content, and the contributors whose diverse perspectives enrich the discourse. We hope that the insights presented in these pages stimulate critical thinking, inspire innovative solutions, and contribute to the ongoing dialogue on the crucial intersection of human resource management, environmental security and emergency management.

The Scientific-Professional Society for Disaster Risk Management - Introducing science and expertise into the sphere of disaster risk management represents a crucial stage in contemporary society facing the challenges of increasingly frequent and devastating emergencies. These challenges, regardless of their nature, are becoming ubiquitous, often unavoidable, and require a serious and proactive approach to ensure the safety and stability of our communities. This is particularly pronounced in the context of more frequent natural disasters, technological incidents, and growing risks and threats. For this reason, the Scientific-Professional Society for Disaster Risk Management (SPS-DRM) was founded in June 2018. The initiative to establish this society stemmed from the recognition of the crucial role of non-governmental organizations and civil society in disaster risk management processes. Their proactive contribution to public policy, improvement of preparedness and resilience, as well as assistance to those affected, deserves special recognition and support. Prof. Dr. Vladimir M. Cvetković led this initiative, whose proposal for the establishment of SPS-DRM promised to bring together relevant experts and practitioners from Serbia and the broader region. Their common goal was to enhance the theoretical and practical foundation of disaster risk management, with the intention of providing concrete guidance and support to decision-makers at the local level and managers in emergency management processes. This initiative lays the groundwork for interdisciplinary collaboration and knowledge integration in the fight against ongoing risks, simultaneously demonstrating the critical importance of joint initiatives for preserving the safety and well-being of our communities. Managing these risks requires a holistic approach, involving numerous sectors and stakeholders, as well as multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, practitioners, and decision-makers. Through a detailed examination of the establishment and development of the Society, the book provides insight into the key steps and initiatives that led to the formation and growth of SPS-DRM. The founding assembly, held on that day, formalized the establishment of this society that brought together experts from various faculties, including the Faculty of Security, the Criminalistic-Police University, the Faculty of Geography, and the Faculty of Forestry. The professors unanimously adopted the statute and established the Scientific-Professional Society for Disaster Risk Management, known as SPS-DRM. Education is a key component of successful disaster risk management. Through training and education programs, SPS-DRM works to empower individuals and institutions to adequately prepare for unforeseen situations. At the same time, awareness of the need to improve preparedness for disasters is promoted. This book extensively explores how training and education have become integral parts of the Society's programs, contributing to capacity building and disaster prevention. The collaboration between science and practice is crucial for effective disaster risk management. SPS-DRM successfully integrates theoretical research and empirical insights, enabling decision-makers and emergency managers to make informed decisions. Through the analysis of field examples, this book shows how collaboration between scientists, practitioners, and government representatives contributes to improving emergency management. The International Institute for Disaster Research, established under the auspices of the Society, is a key point for promoting scientific research in the field of disaster studies. This institution not only conducts research but also facilitates international cooperation and legal frameworks in the field of disasters. Through this book, we explore how the Institute has become a central player in generating scientific data and promoting global cooperation in disaster studies. The International Institute for Disaster Research sets high standards in scientific research, focusing on the phenomenology of disasters and hazards, disaster preparedness and risk mitigation, protection and rescue in disasters, disaster recovery, disaster risk management, international cooperation, and legal frameworks in disaster studies. Its mission is to ensure that the latest knowledge is applied in the field to protect people and communities from unpredictable events. The Scientific-Professional Society for Disaster Risk Management (SPS-DRM) is a non-governmental, non-profit association with the goal of advancing theoretical knowledge in the field of disaster risk management and conducting research that will have a profound and lasting impact. This society is dedicated to organizing conferences, launching journals, providing training and risk assessments to create better preparedness for future challenges. In this book, readers will have the opportunity to explore the research path and achievements of the Scientific-Professional Society for Disaster Risk Management and the International Institute for Disaster Research. This book is a collection of works, research, and knowledge that has emerged through the dedicated work of the members of this organization and is a valuable source of information for all those committed to improving disaster risk management. Through this book, we hope that readers will gain a deeper understanding and inspiration for further research and action in the field of disaster risk management. This book is dedicated to all those working to build a safer world and contribute to reducing the risk of disasters. The involvement of experts and practitioners is a crucial link in the development of the Scientific-Professional Society for Disaster Risk Management, whose dedicated work and vision have contributed to improving disaster risk management and promoting safety in broader society. The Society has made a significant contribution to the scientific community and education by publishing various publications, including scientific monographs, textbooks, and collections, enhancing understanding and access to disaster risk management while maintaining high publishing standards. The goals of SPS-DRM, as defined in its Statute, encompass a wide range of activities ranging from research and education to promoting preventive measures and supporting communities facing disasters. At the core of these goals lies a deep commitment to the safety and well-being of people, both in Serbia and worldwide. Through research and analysis of disasters, training provision, conference organization, and many other activities, SPS-DRM has become a key figure in disaster risk management and emergency situations. One important step towards achieving these goals was the establishment of the International Journal - "International Journal of Disaster Risk Management," which has become a platform for the exchange of the latest knowledge and research in this field. This journal has become a reference point for experts and researchers worldwide, enhancing global understanding and access to disaster risk management. SPS-DRM also actively works on applying and implementing national and international projects, research, and campaigns aimed at reducing the risk of disasters. Through these activities, the society lays the groundwork for better preparedness and response to disasters in the future. By organizing scientific conferences, SPS-DRM opens the door for the exchange of ideas, experiences, and best practices in disaster risk management. These events are often characterized by a multidisciplinary approach, bringing together experts from various fields to work together on solving complex problems. In the spirit of commitment to the community, SPS-DRM also plays a crucial role in raising awareness among citizens of the necessity of disaster preparedness. Through various campaigns and programs, the society seeks to empower citizens to recognize risks and take steps to protect themselves. This book allows us to explore the development and achievements of this valuable society, whose members are dedicated to protecting human lives and property in emergencies. Through the lens of the efforts and contributions of the members of this society, we can better understand how the modern approach to disaster risk management is shaped. The historical development of the Scientific-Professional Society for Disaster Risk Management (SPS-DRM) is the story of a community of experts, researchers, practitioners, and students who together have built a better future. This organization has developed and progressed thanks to the dedication and enthusiasm of its members. Without their support and involvement, this society would not have achieved what it is today. In the face of increasingly frequent and serious challenges posed by natural disasters and emergencies, we all have a role in shaping a safer future. We invite all experts, researchers, decision-makers, practitioners, students, and anyone interested in this field to join SPS-DRM and contribute to the further.

Dragi čitaoci, sa zadovoljstvom vam predstavljamo knjigu ,,Otpornost na katastrofe - Vodič za Prevenciju, Reagovanje i Oporavak”. Ova knjiga je namenjena svima koji žele da se bolje pripreme za nepredviđene situacije, bilo da su izazvane prirodnim katastrofama poput zemljotresa, poplava ili šumskim požarima ili antropogenim katastrofama kao što su požari, nezgode na radu, teroristički napadi ili pandemije. Živimo u svetu koji se neprestano menja i često se suočavamo sa izazovima koji zahtevaju brzo i efikasno reagovanje. Osmišljena je kako bi vam pomogla da razumete različite aspekte katastrofa, da prepoznate rizike i da se pripremite za njih. Kroz nju ćete saznati kako da zaštitite sebe, svoje porodice i zajednicu, kako da reagujete u nepredviđenim situacijama i kako da se oporavite nakon katastrofe. Nema ništa važnije od bezbednosti i dobrobiti onih koje volimo i zato je važno da budemo informisani i spremni. Ova knjiga vam pruža praktične savete, korake za planiranje i konkretne smernice koje će vam pomoći da budete spremni za sve što budućnost može doneti. Kroz detaljne opise i praktične primere, naučićete kako da se nosite sa različitim scenarijima, okolnostima i situacijama koje se mogu javiti u vanrednim situacijama. Autor ove knjige je posvetio mnogo vremena i truda kako bi vam pružio najvažnije informacije o katastrofama i kako da se nosite sa njima. Zasnovani na stručnim saznanjima i iskustvima stručnjaka iz različitih oblasti, ovi saveti su utemeljeni na najnovijim istraživanjima i najboljim praksama u oblasti katastrofa. Nadamo se da ćete ovu knjigu koristiti kao resurs za unapređenje vaše sopstvene otpornosti i zaštite, ali takođe i kao sredstvo za edukaciju i osnaživanje vaših zajednica. Zajedno, možemo da stvorimo bezbednije i otpornije zajednice, spremne za izazove koje budućnost donosi. U knjizi ćete pronaći informacije o osnovnim koracima koje treba preduzeti kako biste se zaštitili i pripremili za katastrofe. Upoznaćete se sa konkretnim savetima o tome kako da kreirate plan za vanredne situacije za vašu porodicu, šta treba da imate u kući za slučaj katastrofe i kako da se ponašate tokom samih takvih okolnosti. Osim toga, razmotrićemo i važnost obnove nakon katastrofe i kako da se oporavite sa što manje posledica. Ovaj vodič ne obuhvata samo niz pratičnih saveta; on takođe otvara prostor za stručnu diskusiju o otpornosti i pripremljenosti za katastrofe. Uključivanje mladih, stručnih i ambicioznih naučnih saradnika u pisanje domaćih i međunarodnih projekata, kao i u sprovođenje naučnih istraživanja, predstavlja korak ka izgradnji stručne zajednice posvećene prevenciji, reagovanju i oporavku od katastrofa. Kroz analize rizika, proučavanje efikasnih strategija reagovanja i istraživanje novih tehnologija, ova zajednica doprinosi širem razumevanju i unapređenju otpornosti društava na nepredviđene događaje. Ovaj multidisciplinarni pristup, podržan stručnim saznanjima i iskustvima, ključan je za izgradnju održivih sistema prevencije i upravljanja u katastrofama. Želim da napomenem i to da je ova knjiga više od samo praktičnog vodiča; ona je ključ za otkrivanje snalažljivosti i pripremljenosti u nepredviđenim okolnostima. Sažeta u ovom vodiču su znanja i veštine koje će vas naučiti kako da zaštitite sebe, svoje najbliže i vašu zajednicu, pružajući vam bezbednost u svetu koji se neprestano menja. Ona nije običan priručnik već je poziv na akciju, inspiracija za razmišljanje i ključ za transformaciju našeg shvatanja o otpornosti. Sa stručnim i sveobuhvatnim pristupom, istražuje različite aspekte katastrofa, prepoznaje rizike i priprema nas za pravilno postupanje u takvim situacijama. Ovaj vodič nije samo resurs za ličnu otpornost, već i temelj za izgradnju zajednica spremnih na izazove koje budućnost nosi. Spremni ste za otkrivanje sveta otpornosti na katastrofe? Započnite svoje usavršavanje sa ovom jedinstvenom knjigom koja će vas podstaći da razmišljate, delujete i postanete deo globalne zajednice otpornosti. U svetlu ubrzanog tempa promena koje oblikuju naše okruženje, ,,Otpornost na katastrofe” postavlja se kao sredstvo za razumevanje kompleksnosti savremenog života. Bez obzira da li se suočavate sa poplavama, zemljotresima, nesrećama na radu, terorističkim napadima ili pandemijama, ovaj vodič nudi dragoceno uputstvo za sagledavanje rizika i efikasno reagovanje. Ono što izdvaja ovu knjigu jeste njena praktična orijentacija. Ne samo da vam pruža informacije o tome kako se ponašati tokom katastrofe, već vas navodi da razmislite o koracima koje možete preduzeti unapred kako biste se pripremili i bili otporniji na katastrofe koje će biti sve učestalije i razornije. Osim toga, knjiga naglašava važnost procesa oporavka nakon katastrofe, pružajući smernice o tome kako se nositi sa stresom i obnavljati normalnost u životu. Poseban naglasak stavljen je na ulogu zajednice u izgradnji otpornosti. Ova knjiga podstiče čitaoce da razmišljaju o svojoj ulozi u širem kontekstu i kako zajedno možemo stvoriti bezbednije i otpornije zajednice. Kroz primerima obogaćen tekst, otkrivate konkretne korake koje možete preduzeti kako biste doprineli jačanju kolektivne otpornosti na katastrofe. Stručni pristup autora proizilazi iz iskustva i saznanja stručnjaka iz različitih oblasti studija katastrofa. Njihova posvećenost pružanju relevantnih informacija i saveta ogleda se u temeljnom proučavanju najnovijih istraživanja i primeni najboljih praksi. Svaki savet i smernica podržani su stručnim znanjem, a multidisciplinarni pristup pruža sveobuhvatan uvid u kompleksnost izazova sa kojima se suočavamo. Neka vam ova knjiga ,,Otpornost na katastrofe - Vodič za prevenciju, reagovanje i oporavak bude lični vodič u pripremi, reagovanju i oporavku u katastrofama izazvanim prirodnim i antropogenim opasnostima. Dear readers, we are pleased to present to you the book "Resilience to Disasters - A Guide to Prevention, Response, and Recovery." This book is intended for everyone who wants to better prepare for unforeseen situations, whether caused by natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, or wildfires, or anthropogenic disasters such as fires, workplace accidents, terrorist attacks, or pandemics. We live in a constantly changing world and often face challenges that require quick and effective responses. It is designed to help you understand different aspects of disasters, recognize risks, and prepare for them. Through detailed descriptions and practical examples, you will learn how to deal with various scenarios, circumstances, and situations that may arise in emergencies. The author of this book has devoted much time and effort to provide you with essential information about disasters and how to cope with them. Based on expert knowledge and experiences from various fields, these tips are grounded in the latest research and best practices in disaster management. We hope that you will use this book as a resource to enhance your own resilience and protection, as well as an educational tool to empower your communities. Together, we can create safer and more resilient communities ready for the challenges the future may bring. In the book, you will find information on the basic steps to take to protect yourself and prepare for disasters. You will become familiar with specific advice on creating emergency plans for your family, what to have at home in case of a disaster, and how to behave during such circumstances. Additionally, we will explore the importance of recovery after a disaster and how to bounce back with minimal consequences. This guide not only provides a range of practical tips but also opens the door to expert discussions on resilience and disaster preparedness. Involving young, skilled, and ambitious scientific collaborators in domestic and international projects, as well as in conducting scientific research, is a step towards building a professional community dedicated to disaster prevention, response, and recovery. Through risk analysis, the study of effective response strategies, and the exploration of new technologies, this community contributes to a broader understanding and enhancement of societies' resilience to unforeseen events. This multidisciplinary approach, supported by expert knowledge and experiences, is crucial for building sustainable disaster prevention and management systems. I want to emphasize that this book is more than just a practical guide; it is a key to discovering resourcefulness and preparedness in unforeseen circumstances. Condensed in this guide are the knowledge and skills that will teach you how to protect yourself, your loved ones, and your community, providing security in an ever-changing world. It is not just a manual but a call to action, an inspiration for thought, and a key to transforming our understanding of resilience. With an expert and comprehensive approach, it explores various aspects of disasters, identifies risks, and prepares us for proper handling in such situations.

Zbirka propisa iz oblasti vanrednih situacija

Autori: prof. dr Vladimir M. Cvetković i načelnik Sektora za vanredne situacije Luka Čaušić

Zbirka propisa iz oblasti vanrednih situacija, namenjena je svim pripadnicima interventno-spasilačkih službi odnosno snagama sistema zaštite i spasavanja (Sektor za vanredne situacije, policija, vojska, služba hitne medicinske pomoći, gorska služba za spasavanje, jedinice civilne zaštite opšte i posebne namene, dobrovolјna vatrogasna društva) koji se u svom radu susreću sa reagovanjem u uslovima katastrofa, ali i subjektima zaštite i spasavanja, odnosno zaposlenima u organima državne uprave, autonomne pokrajine i jedinica lokalne samouprave na poslovima koji se odnose na upravlјanje rizicima od katastrofa. Osim toga, namenjena je za polaganje stručnog ispita iz oblasti procene rizika od katastrofa predviđenog Pravilnikom o programu, načinu i troškovima polaganja stručnog ispita, postupku izdavanja i izgledu licence za procenu rizika. Pored toga, namenjena je i za polaganje stručnog ispita zaštite od požara predviđenog Pravilnikom o posebnoj obuci i polaganju stručnog ispita iz oblasti zaštite od požara. Na kraju, može se istaći i da je zbirka namenjena istraživačima i stručnjacima iz oblasti studija katastrofa, kao i studentima Univerziteta u Beogradu, Fakulteta bezbednosti, Kriminalističko-policijskog univerziteta, Geografskog fakulteta u Beogradu, Pravnog fakulteta u Novom Sadu i drugih srodnih institucija. Rukovodioci i pripadnici subjekata i snaga sistema zaštite i spasavanja u Republici Srbiji imaju obavezu da poznaju i primenjuju propise koji se direktno/indirektno odnose na oblast vanrednih situacija u cilјu realizacije pravovremenih, stručnih i zakonski utemelјenih aktivnosti sprovođenja pripreme, ublažavanja, odgovora i oporavka od posledica katastrofa. Polazeći od višegodišnjeg iskustva autora u naučno-istraživačkom radu, nakon detalјnih analiza odabrani su svi postojeći i relevantni strateški, zakonski i podzakonski propisi na osnovu kojih se zasniva sistem zaštite i spasavanja lјudi i njihove imovine za vreme katastrofa na području Republike Srbije. Pored nacionalnih zakonskih i podzakonih rešenja, zbirka propisa sadrži i najznačajnije međunarodne akte koji uređuju oblast vanrednih situacija. Zbirka propisa predstavlјa izbor postojećih, relevantnih strateških, zakonskih i podzakonskih propisa na osnovu kojih se zasniva sistem zaštite i spasavanja lјudi i njihove imovine za vreme katastrofa u Republici Srbiji, kao i najznačajnijih međunarodnih strateških dokumenata iz ove oblasti. Zbirka propisa iz oblasti vanrednih situacija predstavlјa prvo izmenjeno i dopunjeno izdanje Zbirke propisa iz oblasti upravlјanja rizicima od katastrofa koja je objavlјena 2019. godine. Promene zakonskih i podzakonskih akata iz oblasti vanrednih situacija dovele su do neophodnosti pripreme prvog izmenjenog i dopunjenog izdanja sa izmenjenim naslovom. Zbirku propisa posvećujemo pripadnicima snaga (štabovi za vanredne situacije, jedinice civilne zaštite, vatrogasno-spasilačke jedinice, policija, Vojska Srbije, Crveni krst Srbije, Gorska služba spasavanja Srbije) i subjektima zaštite i spasavanja u vanrednim situacijama (organima državne uprave, autonomne pokrajine i jedinica lokalne samouprave, privrednim društvima i građanima) kao i članovima Naučno-stručnog društva za upravlјanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama, Međunarodnog instituta za istraživanje katastrofa i studentima Fakulteta bezbednosti, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Pravnog fakulteta u Novom Sadu i Kriminalističko-policijskog univerziteta u Beogradu.
Zbirku propisa iz oblasti vanrednih situacija posvećujemo pripadnicima snaga (štabovi za vanredne situacije, jedinice civilne zaštite, vatrogasno-spasilačke jedinice, policija, Vojska Srbije, Crveni krst Srbije, Gorska služba spasavanja Srbije) i subjektima zaštite i spasavanja u vanrednim situacijama (organima državne uprave, autonomne pokrajine i jedinica lokalne samouprave, privrednim društvima i građanima) kao i članovima Naučno-stručnog društva za upravlјanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama, Međunarodnog instituta za istraživanje katastrofa i studentima Fakulteta bezbednosti, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Pravnog fakulteta u Novom Sadu i Kriminalističko-policijskog univerziteta u Beogradu.

Poštovani čitaoci, pred vama se nalazi tematski zbornik radova pod naslovom Pravni i bezbednosni aspekti upravljanja rizicima od prirodnih i antropogenih katastrofa. Zbornik je nastao kao rezultat samostalno istraživačkih aktivnosti profesora i istraživača njime je obuhvaćeno dvadeset dva relevantna naučna rada u kojima se na vrlo vešt i interesantan način elaboriraju različiti pravni i bezbednosni aspekti upravljanja prirodnim i antropogenim katastrofama. Radove je recenzirao veći broj recenzenata, dok je naučni i programski odbor činilo više od deset profesora sa različitih Univerziteta i Fakulteta.
Tematske jedinice zbornika su bile vrlo različite imajući u vidu dosadašnji trend razvoja studija katastrofa: a) Pravni aspekti upravljanja rizicima od prirodnih katastrofa - pravni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u litosferskim katastrofama (zemljotres, klizišta i odroni, vulkanske erupcije); pravni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u hidrosferskim katastrofama (poplave i bujice, lavine); pravni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u atmosferskim katastrofama (olujno gradonosne pojave, suše, ekstremno niske i visoke temperature); pravni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u biosferskim katastrofama (epidemije, epizotije i epifitonoze, šumski požari); b) Pravni aspekti upravljanja rizicima od antro-pogenih katastrofa - pravni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u nuklearnim i radio-loškim katastrofama; pravni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u industrijskim katastrofama; pravni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u transportnim i infrastruk-turnim katastrofama; pravni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u katastrofama izazvanim opasnim materijama; pravni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u katastro-fama izazvanim ratnim razaranjima; pravni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u katastrofama izazvanim požarima; pravni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u katastrofama izazvanim upotrebom oružja za masovno uništavanje (hemijski, biološki, nuklearni i radiološki terorizam); c) Bezbednosni aspekti upravljanja rizicima od prirodnih katastrofa – bezbednosni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u litosferskim katastrofama (zemljotres, klizišta i odroni, vulkanske erupcije) i bezbednosni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u hidrosferskim katastrofama (poplave i bujice, lavine);bezbednosni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u atmosfer-skim katastrofama (olujno gradonosne pojave, suše, ekstremno niske i visoke temperature); bezbednosni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u biosferskim katas-trofama (epidemije, epizotije i epifitonoze, šumski požari) i d) Bezbednosni aspekti upravljanja rizicima od antropogenih katastrofa – bezbednosni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u nuklearnim i radiološkim katastrofama; bezbednosni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u industrijskim katastrofama; bezbednosni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u transportnim i infrastrukturnim katastrofama; bezbed-nosni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u katastrofama izazvanim opasnim materi-jama; bezbednosni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u katastrofama izazvanim ratnim razaranjima; bezbednosni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u katastrofama izazvanim požarima; bezbednosni aspekti upravljanja rizicima u katastrofama izazvanim upotrebom oružja za masovno uništavanje (hemijski, biološki, nuklearni i radiološki terorizam).
Zbornik radova je namenjen svima onima koji imaju želju za dodatnim usavršavanjem u oblasti studija katastrofa kako bi unapredili svoju akadem-sku delatnost. Imajuću u vidu nedostatak stručne literature u oblasti upravlja-nja rizicima od prirodnih i antropogenih katastrofa, naučni i društveni značaj zbornika je nesumnjivo veliki.

Knjiga ,,Taktika zaštite i spasavanja u katastrofama“ predstavlјa pionirsko, originalno i sveobuhvatno delo u kojem se na sistematičan i vrlo pojednostavlјen i razumlјiv način opisuju operativni, taktički i strateški aspekti osmišlјavanja, implementacije i primene mera zaštite i spasavanja u različitim katastrofama izazvanim prirodnim (zemlјotresi, klizišta, odroni, poplave, bujice, lavine, cunami, šumski požari, epidemije, epifitonoze, epizonoze, vulkanske erupcije, suše, ekstremne snežne padavine, mećave i vejavice itd.) i antropogenim odnosno tehničko-tehnološkim opasnostima (nuklearne i radiološke, transportne i industrijske opasnosti, opasne materije, ratna razaranja i teroristički napadi). Udžbenik o taktici zaštite i spasavanja u katastrofama je prvenstveno namenjen studentima osnovnih, master i doktorskih studija na Fakultetu bezbednosti Univerziteta u Beogradu i na Kriminalističko-policijskom univerzitetu, ali i široj naučnoj i stručnoj javnosti koja se interesuje za najsavremenija rešenja, metode i principe zaštite lјudi i imovine u katastrofama izazvanih prirodnim i antropogenim opasnostima. Autor se trudio da sadržaj udžbenika bude usklađen sa nastavnim planom i programom na predmetu Zaštita od prirodnih i antropogenih katastrofa koji se izučava na četvrtoj godini osnovnih akademskih studija na Fakultetu bezbednosti. Iz tih razloga, autor je uložio ozbilјne napore na usklađivanju standarda udžbenika sa osnovnim naučno-stručnim, pedagoškim i didaktičko-metodičkim zahtevima i standardima. Nažalost, na našim prostorima nije postojao udžbenik na osnovu kojeg bi se mogla sagledati celovita slika i spoznati osnovne informacije o taktičkim procedurama i preporukama za postupanje u različitim katastrofama. U domaćoj naučnoj literaturi oblast taktike zaštite i spasavanja lјudi u katastrofama je nedovolјno istražena, sveobuhvatna i sistematična, a posebno nesadržinski strukturirana u jednom sveobuhvatnom udžbeniku. Sporadičnim pristupima u različitim naučnim disciplinama, ovom predmetu proučavanja, pristupali su naučnici iz različitih polјa i sfera interesovanja. Ipak, jedinstvenost ove knjige se ogleda u ozbilјnim naporima autora da na sveobuhvatan način upotpuni skroman i nedovolјno utemelјen fond naučnih saznanja o različitostima taktičkih pristupa u fenomenološki i etiološki različitim katastrofama koje ugrožavaju pojedinca i društvo. Knjiga koja je pred vama u potpunosti je usaglašena sa specifičnostima pristupa koji autor primenjuju u razmatranju problematike taktike zaštite i spasavanja lјudi u katastrofama. Autor iznosi mnogobrojne primere iz prakse na kojima zasniva svoje elaboracije u pogledu preporučenog i ispravnog načina postupanja svih pripadnika nadležnih službi u katastrofama. Takođe, autor izgradnju teorijskih principa, koncepata i sugestija zasniva na ličnom bogatom naučno-istraživačkom iskustvu i radovima koje je u velikoj meri iskoristio za pisanje udžbenika. U knjizi su sublimirani rezultati mnogobrojnih sopstvenih naučnih istraživanja objavlјenih u poslednjih deset godina, a koja predstavlјaju bogatu teorijsku i empirijsku riznicu podataka stvaranu u poslednjoj deceniji njegovog naučno-istraživačkog rada. Kvalitet udžbenika se ogleda u usaglašavanju teksta sa najsavremenijim teorijskim dostignućima i fondovima teorijskih i empirijskih saznanja u oblasti zaštite i spasavanja lјudi u katastrofama na području Ruske federacije, Sjedinjenih američkih država, Kine, Nemačke i drugih država. Prilikom rada na knjizi, autor se susretao sa brojnim izazovima i preprekama koje je morao da savlada kako bi knjiga dobila svoju naučnu i pragmatičnu vrednost. Odabir najznačajnih taktičkih rešenja u različitim nacionalnim sistemima zaštite i spasavanja u katastrofama bio je pravi izazov. Bilo je potrebno dosta promišlјanja u smeru prilagođavanja taktičkih preporuka sa društveno-ekonomskim i drugim okolnostima u Srbiji. Prilagođavanje bogate naučno-stručne terminologije sa različitih govornih područja i društveno-političkih i socijalno-ekonomskih ambijenata, a u kontekstu taktike zaštite i spasavanja u katastrofama, nametnuo je predlaganje novih termina prikladnih srpskom govornom području. Prevodi mnogih stručnih pojmova iz oblasti studija katastrofa nisu jedinstveno ustanovlјeni, ni u teoriji, a ni u praksi. Težnja ka univerzalnim pojmovima, pogotovo u operacijama zajedničkog delovanja u sprečavanju nastanka ili širenja posledica katastrofama se naprosto nameće kao svojevrsni imperativ. Idejna tvorevina, organizacija i sam tekst udžbenika praćen je ozbilјnim već spomenutim izazovima i bilo je teško odgovoriti svim zahtevima koji su se javlјali u toku samog pisanja. Ograničenja u pogledu broja stranica, zatim zahtevi za udovolјavanjem naučnim i stručnim potrebama, stvaranje osnova za dalјi napredak i razvoj teorijskog i empirijskog fonda naučnog saznanja i različite perspektive mnogobrojnih naučnih disciplina, imali su uticaj na kvalitet, organizaciju i sveobuhvatnost knjige. Iz tih razloga, autor smatra da će sve sugestije, kritike, polemike, zapažanja i komentari biti od velikog značaja za unapređivanje teksta udžbenika u narednim izdanjima koja će sazrevati sa razvojem naučne discipline taktike zaštite i spasavanja u katastrofama.

Poštovani čitaoci, nakon uspešno realizovanog prvog nacionalnog seminara iz oblasti vanrednih situacija u organizaciji Naučno-stručnog društva za upravljanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama i Međunarodnog instituta za istraživanje katastrofa, pred vama se nalazi tematski zbornik radova pod naslovom Taktika zaštite i spasavanja u vanrednim situacijama: iskustva sa terena i pouke. Zbornk je nastao kao rezultat samostalno istraživačkih aktivnosti studenata i njime je obuhvaćeno trinaest relevantnih naučnih radova u kojima se na vrlo vešt i interesantan način elaboriraju različite fenomenološke i etiološke dimenzije taktike zaštite i spasavanja u vanrednim situacijama. Radove je recenziralo sedam recenzenata, dok je naučni i programski odbor seminara činilo više od deset profesora sa različitih Univerziteta i Fakulteta. Tematske jedinice zbornika su bile vrlo različite imajući u vidu dosadašnji trend razvoja studija katastrofa: a) Fenomenologija katastrofa i opasnosti – litosferske katastrofe; hidrosferske katastrofe; atmosferske katastrofe; biosferske katastrofe; katastrofe izazvane tehničko-tehnološkim opasnostima (nuklearne, radiološke, transportne, požari itd; ktastrofe izazvane upotrebom oružja za masovno uništavanje (hemijski, biološki, nuklearni i radiološki terorizam); b) Taktika zaštite i spasavanja u prirodnim katastrofama – taktika zaštite i spasavanja ljudi i imovine u litosferskim katastrofama (zemljotres, klizišta i odroni, vulkanske erupcije); taktika zaštite i spasavanja ljudi i imovine u hidrosferskim katastrofama (poplave i bujice, lavine); taktika zaštite i spasavanja ljudi i imovine u atmosferskim katastrofama (olujno gradonosne pojave, suše, ekstremno niske i visoke temperature); taktika zaštite i spasavanja ljudi i imovine u biosferskim katastrofama (epidemije, epizootije i epifitonoze, šumski požari); c) Taktika zaštite i spasavanja u antropogenim katastrofama – taktika zaštite i spasavanja ljudi i imovine u nuklearnim i radiološkim katastrofama; taktika zaštite i spasavanja ljudi i imovine u industrijskim katastrofama; taktika zaštite i spasavanja ljudi i imovine u transportnim i infrastrukturnim katastrofama; taktika zaštite i spasavanja ljudi i imovine u katastrofama izazvanim opasnim materijama; taktika zaštite i spasavanja ljudi i imovine u katastrofama izazvanim ratnim razaranjima; taktika zaštite i spasavanja ljudi i imovine u katastrofama izazvanim požarima; taktika zaštite i spasavanja ljudi i imovine u katastrofama izazvanim upotrebom oružja za masovno uništavanje (hemijski, biološki, nuklearni i radiološki terorizam). Zbornik radova je namenjen svima onima koji imaju želju za dodatnim usavršavanjem u oblasti studija katastrofa kako bi unapredili svoju akademsku ili praktičnu delatnost. Imajuću u vidu nedostatak stručne literature u oblasti taktikte zaštite i spasavanja u vanrednim situacijama, naučni i društveni značaj zbornika je nesumnjivo veliki. Polazeći od činjenice da se ovim zbornikom ne zadovoljavaju potrebe i mogućnosti realizacije istraživanja u ovoj oblasti, planom naučno-istraživačkih aktivnosti Naučno-stručnog društva za upravljanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama, predviđeno je objavljivanje po dva tematska zbornika u svakoj od narednih godina. U ime autora, izražavam zahvalnost onima koji su najviše doprineli objavljivanju zbornika radova kao što su Naučno-stručno društvo za upravljanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama i Međunarodni institut za istraživanje katastrofa u ulozi izdavača, kao i recenzentima koji su vrlo strpljivo i detaljno proučili i unapredili sve naučne radove. Dear readers, after the successful first national seminar in the field of emergency situations organized by the Scientific and Professional Society for Disaster Risk Management and the International Institute for Disaster Research, you have a thematic collection of papers entitled Tactics of protection and rescue in emergencies: experiences from the field and lessons. The collection was created as a result of students' independent research activities and includes thirteen relevant scientific papers in which various phenomenological and etiological dimensions of protection and rescue tactics in emergency situations are elaborated in a very skilful and interesting way. The papers were reviewed by seven reviewers, while the scientific and program board of the seminar consisted of more than ten professors from different universities and faculties. The thematic units of the collection were very different, having in mind the current trend of development of catastrophe studies: a) Phenomenology of catastrophes and dangers - lithospheric catastrophes; hydrosphere catastrophes; atmospheric catastrophes; biosphere disasters; disasters caused by technical and technological dangers (nuclear, radiological, transport, fires, etc .; catastrophes caused by the use of weapons of mass destruction (chemical, biological, nuclear and radiological terrorism); b) Tactics of protection and rescue in natural disasters - tactics of protection and rescue of people and assets in lithospheric catastrophes (earthquakes, landslides and landslides, volcanic eruptions); tactics of protection and rescue of people and property in hydrosphere catastrophes (floods and torrents, avalanches); tactics of protection and rescue of people and property in atmospheric catastrophes (stormy hailstorms, droughts, extremely low and high temperatures); tactics of protection and rescue of people and property in biosphere catastrophes (epidemics, epizootics and epiphytonoses, forest fires); c) Protection and rescue tactics in anthropogenic disasters - protection and rescue tactics of people and property in nuclear and radiological disasters; tactics of protection and rescue of people and property in industrial disasters; tactics of protection and rescue of people and property in transport and infrastructural disasters; tactics of protection and rescue of people and property in disasters caused by dangerous substances; tactics of protection and rescue of people and property in disasters caused by war destruction; tactics of protection and rescue of people and property in disasters caused by fires; tactics of protection and rescue of people and property in disasters caused by the use of weapons of mass destruction (chemical, biological, nuclear and radiological terrorism). The collection of papers is intended for all those who have a desire for additional training in the field of disaster studies to improve their academic or practical activities. Having in mind the lack of professional literature in the field of protection and rescue tactics in emergency situations, the scientific and social significance of the collection is undoubtedly great. Starting from the fact that this collection does not meet the needs and possibilities of research in this area, the plan of scientific research activities of the Scientific and Professional Society for Emergency Risk Management envisages the publication of two thematic collections in each of the following years. On behalf of the authors, I would like to thank those who contributed the most to the publication of the collection of papers such as the Scientific and Professional Society for Disaster Risk Management and the International Institute for Disaster Research as publishers, as well as reviewers who studied and improved all scientific papers.

Nakon desetogodišnjeg bavljenja nastavno-naučnim radom u oblasti studija katastrofa na Kriminalističko-policijskom uni¬verzitetu i na Fakultetu bezbednosti Univerziteta u Beogradu, stekli su se naučni i pedagoški uslovi da napišem udžbenik koji predstavlja sintezu svih različitih segmenata teorijskih dostignuća u domenu savremenog upravljanja rizicima od katastrofa. Reč je o relativno mladoj naučnoj disciplini na ovim prostorima i prvom delu u kojem se sistematski i sveobuhvatno elaboriraju sve mere i aktivnosti koje savremeni menadžeri rizika od katastrofa moraju preduzimati u različitim fazama (ublažavanje, priprema, odgovor i oporavak) savremenog upravljanja u katastrofama, kako bi se sprečile ili smanjile negativne posledice sve učestalijih prirodnih i tehničko-tehnoloških opasnosti.
Udžbenik je namenjen studentima osnovnih, master i doktorskih studija na Fakultetu bezbednosti Univerziteta u Beogradu i na Kriminalističko-policijskom univerzitetu, ali i široj naučnoj i stručnoj čitalačkoj publici (istraživači u oblasti studija bezbednosti interventno-spasilačkih službi i dr.) koja sve više uviđa neophodnost detaljnijeg razumevanja multidisciplinarnog pristupa identifikovanju, analizi i tretmanu rizika od katastrofa. Sadržaj udžbenika je usklađen s nastavnim planom i programom predmeta Upravljanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama, koji se izučava na trećoj godini osnovnih akademskih studija na Fakultetu bezbednosti. Prilikom pisanja udžbenika posebno se vodilo računa o ispunjenosti standarda u vezi s naučno-stručnim, pedagoškim i didaktičko-metodičkim zahtevima, zbog čega je korišćena i obimna naučno-stručna građa mnogih relevantnih stranih i domaćih autora. Osim toga, autor je u pisanju udžbenika koristio pravu riznicu svojih naučnih i stručnih radova koji su naučno verifikovani od strane brojnih međunarodnih i domaćih recenzenata. Osim toga, većina rezultata istraživanja koja sam sproveo u zemlji i u inostranstvu inkorporirana je u udžbenik s ciljem njegovog obogaćivanja naučno verifikovanim činjenicama. Neprocenjivo iskustvo u radu sa studentima omogućilo je da tekst bude oslobođen dodatnog naučnog promišljanja koje bi otežalo usvajanje osnovnih znanja u oblasti upravljanja rizicima od katastrofa. Autor je učinio napor na stručnom, naučnom i peda-goškom planu, ali i pored toga mogući su propusti. Zato sve dobronamerne primedbe i sugestije sa zahvalnošću prihvatam.
Prvo izdanje udžbenika ima i određena ograničenja kao posledicu nedovoljne teorijske razvijenosti naučne discipline i tek treba da doprinese stvaranju uslova za izgradnju teorije. Posebno bih naglasio da udžbenik predstavlja prvo takvo štivo objavljeno na srpskom jeziku na našim prostorima što će umnogome značiti unapređivanju znanja i profesionalnih kompetencija široj stručnoj javnosti. Udžbenik je nastao pod velikim uticajem prof. dr Vladimira Jakovljevića, šefa Katedre studija upravljanja u vanrednim situacijama i ekološke bezbednosti na Fakultetu bezbednosti Univerziteta u Be¬ogradu, kao i prof. dr Dragana Mlađana i prof. dr Bobana Milojkovića s Kriminalističko-policijskog univerziteta, koji su me nesebično i s puno entuzijazma uveli u nastave i istraživanja u oblasti studija katastrofa.
Posebno zahvaljujem recenzentima prof. dr Vladimiru Jakovljeviću, prof. dr Slavoljubu Dragićeviću, prof. dr Bobanu Milojkoviću i prof. dr Želimiru Kešetoviću, kao i urednicima prof. dr Srđanu Milašinoviću i prof. dr Draganu Mlađanu, koji su umnogome dopri¬neli modernosti i unapređenju strukturiranosti i sadržajnosti udžbenika. Nesebično zahvaljujem i ostalim profesorima i naučnim istraživačima, koji su svojim naučnim radovima direktno ili indirektno doprineli razvoju upravljanja rizicima od katastrofa kao važne naučne discipline, a pre svega prof. dr Stanimiru Kostadino¬vu, prof. dr Jasmini Gačić, prof. dr Slobodanu Miladinoviću, prof. dr Aleksandri Ljuštini, prof. dr Dejanu Boškoviću i doc. dr Ivanu Novkoviću. Naravno, za neprocenjivu podršku zahvalan sam i članovima Naučno-stručnog društva za upravljanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama, kao i mojim studentima, budućim menadžerima rizika od katastrofa, koji su svojim stručnim polemikama, sugestijama i ideja¬ma probudili ono najlepše i najjače u meni i podstakli me da smognem snage, strpljenja i energije da napišem svoje prvo udžbeničko delo. Na kraju, svojoj porodici i prijateljima srdačno zahvaljujem za razumevanje, ljubav i podršku koje su mi svakodnevno pružali tokom pisanja. -------- Udžbenik Upravljanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama posvećujem studentima Fakulteta bezbednosti Univerziteta u Beogradu i Kriminalističko-policijskog univerziteta, budućim profesionalnim menadžerima bezbednosti i kriminalistima koji će biti zaokupljeni izazovima, rizicima i pretnjama bezbednosti. Sledite svoje snove i ne dopustite da vas bilo kakva prepreka zaustavi na tom putu, jer imate i snage i energije da promenite svet. Verujte u sebe i snovi će vam se obistiniti.

Praktikum ,,Upravljanje rizicima i sistemi zaštite i spasavanja od katastrofa“ je namenjen studentima osnovnih i master akademskih studija Fakulteta bezbednosti Univerziteta u Beogradu, Kriminalističko-policijskog univerziteta i drugih fakulteta radi njihovog uvođenja u nastavno-naučnu disciplinu iz oblasti studija katastrofa. Praktikum je napisan na osnovu višegodišnjeg iskustva koje autor ima u radu sa studentima spomenutih fakulteta. Namenjen je realizaciji teorijskih i praktičnih vežbi studenata sa ciljem olakšavanja procesa učenja gradiva iz oblasti upravljanja rizicima i sistema zaštite i spasavanja od katastrofa. Polazeći od multidisciplinarnosti predmeta proučavanja, praktikum se sastoji od brojnih teorijskih vežbi koje usmeravaju studente na najbitnije segmente gradiva motivišući ih da se uključe u realizaciju časova na predviđenim vežbama. Praktikum obuhvata sledeće nastavne teme: I - Katastrofe i opasnosti: teorije, koncepti i metode; II - Ugroženost, otpornost i metode istraživanja katastrofa; III - Rizik od katastrofa: metodologija procene i planovi zaštite i spasavanja; IV - Nacionalni i međunarodni pravni okvir smanjenja rizika od katastrofa; V - Pripremljenost i ublažavanje rizika od katastrofa; VI - Sistem zaštite i spasavanja od katastrofa: odgovor i oporavak; VII - Informacioni sistemi podrške upravljanja rizicima od katastrofa i međunarodna saradnja. Svaki deo se sastoji od nekoliko vežbi u okviru kojih je studentima na samom početku dato uvodno razmatranje, zatim zadaci za vežbe, pitanja za diskusiju i preporučena literatura. Prilikom pisanja praktikuma obuhvaćena je najnovija literatura iz oblasti studija katastrofa. Autor iskazuje posebnu zahvalnost recenzentima prof. dr Vladimiru Jakovljeviću, prof. dr Slavoljubu Dragićeviću i prof. dr Draganu Mlađanu koji su svojim stručnim sugestijama u velikoj meri unapredili praktikum. Posebnu zahvalnost autor duguje uredniku prof. dr Bobanu Milojkoviću za višegodišnju podršku i usmeravanje ka unapređivanju nastavno-naučne discipline iz oblasti studija katastrofa.

Закорачити у свет једне научне дисциплине без одговорајућих „алата“ може бити и те како застрашујуће и исцрпљујуће за младе истраживаче у области катастрофа те је појава монографије која нуди основна и почетна сазнања неопходна за разумевање вишеструких мултидисциплинарних теорија и концепата заиста драгоцена. Дуго се осећала потреба за делом које би не само помогло да се избегну почетничке погрешке већ и усмерило истраживаче ка свеобухватнијем разумевању катастрофа и промишљању о њима.
Пред читаоцима је, коначно, рукопис из којег се може донекле сагледати колико се научна област истраживања катастрофа развила и на који начин је еволуирала. Ауторова вишегодишња истраживања дала су посебан печат и вредност овој монографији која ће послужити као својеврсни путоказ садашњим и будућим истраживачима у овој области.
Полазећи од неопходности постојања јасног категоријалног апарата једне научне дисциплине, Meтодологија истраживања катастрофа и ризика – теорије, концепти и методе даје скроман допринос разграничењу популарних концепата. На свеобухватан и сажет начин описује се област проучавања и стварају услови за изградњу теорија и акумулацију знања, даје се и свеобухватан преглед најзначајнијих теорија и описују се примене квантитативне и квалитативне истраживачке традиције приликом истраживања катастрофа и ризика. Монографија се свесрдно препоручује студентима, истраживачима и осталима који се на било који начин интересују за област катастрофе.
Посебну захвалност за идеју да напишем дело које би дало основне методолошке смернице заинтересованим истраживачима из области катастрофа дугујем цењеном проф. др Кости Андрејевићу, оснивачу Задужбине Андрејевић, који је значајно утицао на мој научни рад.
Подршку за настанак монографије дугујем и Центру за катастрофе и еколошку безбедност, формираном у оквиру Универзитета у Београду, Факултета безбедности, Катедре студија цивилне заштите и заштите животне средине, којом руководи проф. др Владимир Јаковљевић коме дугујем посебну захвалност на несебичној подршци и знању које ми је од срца пружио у тешким тренуцима научног усавршавања и напредовања.
Посебну захвалност дугујем и рецензентима проф. др Владимиру Јаковљевићу, проф. др Срђану Милашиновићу и проф. др Славољубу Драгићевићу који су у великој мери унапредили рукопис.
Овом приликом споменуо бих и остале професоре који су дали значајан допринос мојим теоријским сазнањима и младој научној дисциплини управљања у катастрофама – проф. др Желимир Кешетовић, проф. др Јасмина Гачић, проф. др Бобан Милојковић и проф. др Драган Млађан.
Искрено се захваљујем Задужбини Андрејевић на несебичној подршци коју ми пружа и нашој успешној вишегодишњој сарадњи.

Klizanje delova površinskog sloja Zemljine kore jedan je od najčešćih geodinamičkih procesa. Kao posledica ovog procesa postaju klizišta. I u slučajevima kada su manjeg intenziteta i na manjim površinama klizišta predstavljaju ozbiljan problem skoro u svim delovima sveta, jer su uzrok ekonomskih i socijalnih gubitaka i nanose direktnu i indirektnu štetu privatnim i javnim dobrima. Neposrednu štetu stvaraju u trenutku aktiviranja, oštećenjem objekata i ljudskim gubicima unutar površine ugrožene klizanjem. Posredna šteta se iskazuje kroz duže vremensko razdoblje, smanjenjem vrednosti objekata oštećenih materijalnih dobara klizanjem, gubitkom produktivnosti zbog prekida proizvodnje ili prometa i troškovima sanacije štete. Vrlo često postajemo svesni postojanja klizišta tek kad se aktiviraju i unište sve pred sobom. Pa i tada nova klizišta stvaraju probleme ljudima koji tu žive, a ostali su samo posmatrači koji već sledećeg dana, zbog novih događaja, zaborave šta se desilo sve do sledeće pojave klizišta sa novim štetama pa često i ljudskim žrtvama. Na osnovu poznavanja mehanizma klizanja, klizišta su prirodne pojave. Međutim, priroda samo omogućava uslove za njihovo formiranje, a ključni činilac u njihovom pokretanju je čovek. U stalnoj težnji da upravlja prirodom, prirodnim zakonima i procesima, a u cilju unapređenja životnih uslova i standarda kao i tehnološkog napretka, čovek je sve manje spreman da prihvati dešavanja u prirodi na način kako su se nekad dešavala. Iz tog razloga nastoji da uspostavi kontrolu nad prirodnim pojavama pa i nad kliznim procesima, odnosno klizištima. U pokušaju da spreči nastanak i razvoj klizanja terena, čovek koristi dostignuća nauke i stečena iskustva primenjena kroz sanacione mere. Na žalost čovek svojim greškama izazvanim neznanjem, nehatom, neplanskim razvojem, nekontrolisanom eksploatacijom prirodnih resursa i dr. utiče na pojavu klizišta. Veličina štete nastale klizanjem povećavaju se sa ekonomskim razvojem. O razmerama štete izazvane klizištima, može se objektivno suditi prema podacima iz razvijenih zemalja, gde se vrše objektivna izučavanja uzroka i posledica, način borbe sa klizištima, prognoze razvoja procesa i planiranje štete prilikom izgradnje.
Obzirom da su klizišta važan činilac životne sredine, da bi se čovek od njih zaštitio neophodno je pri izučavanju ovakvih terena dobro izučiti sve aspekte zakonitosti njihovog pojavljivanja i njima prilagođavati metodološke i radne postupke. U novije vreme ovakva istraživanja spadaju u oblast ekogeoloških istraživanja i sprovode se u procesu planiranja, projektovanja i građenja objekata. Pri tome treba stalno imati u vidu da je tlo složena prirodna tvorevina, skoro uvek heterogena u pogledu fizičko-mehaničkih svojstava sa procesima koji menjaju svojstva zemljišta tokom vremena. Uvažavanje ovih procesa, njihovog prostornog rasprostranjenje i stepena aktiv- nosti znatno bi se smanjile moguće štete od ovih egzogenih procesa.
Autori iskazuju posebnu zahvalnost recenzentima prof. dr Slobodanu Markoviću, prof. dr Slavoljubu Dragićeviću i prof. dr Vladimiru Jakovljeviću koji su svojim stručnim sugestijama u velikoj meri unapredili tekst monografije.

Explosive material is very convenient mean for causing technical and technological accidents, which often contain elements of certain criminal acts that endanger the health and lives of people, property and the environment. Explosive material isjust one sort of dangerous material or substance, which clearly indicates the degree of their danger and destructive power during their detonation. Considering this, in this monograph the content related to the concept and division of dangerous explosive material is mentioned an discussed first and then the concept and types of explosive material, with special emphasis on the characteristics and basic activities with hazardous substances (production, trade, transport and storage ) which are important for the assessment of risk to commit the offenses. In this context, based on the research results, measures of protection and control in production are presented, according to place, transport and storage of explosive materials in terms of their importance for the elimination of the causes and recognizing risks of committingthe criminal offenses by using explosive substances and material.
By analysing the methods of committing crimes using explosive materials, which is of importance for risk identification and analysis, I came up with classifying such offenses into three main groups. Thus, in the first group there are offences that can be made by using explosive material, but without its detonation, while the second group consists of offences whose execution involves the activation of explosive material. The third group includes offences which by definition do not include specific means of execution, or, among other means, can be executed by explosive material, when the execution includes an explosion of an explosive substance or material.
As part of the risk assessment of committing criminal offenses an adequate attention is paid to the importance of risk assessment in the field of prevention, i.e. prevention of offenses where explosive substances are used. This segment of the research, logically, starts with the concept and classification of risk and risk assessment methodologies for committing offenses in basic activities with explosive materials, to presenting content related to specific methods that can be used for estimating the risk of committing of these crimes. Given the importance of risk assessment in the field of dealing with explosive material, in addition to national legal regulations and standards, an analysis of international laws and standards was carried out which is important not only for prevention, but also for the suppression of criminal offenses that are committed using explosive material. Such detailed analysis points tocertain shortcomings in the regulation of explosive and other hazardous materials from the impact of taking the preventative measures in order to prevent technical and technological accidents caused by explosive material, especially those which due to their scale of usage are considered as criminal offences,and because of that a comparative analysis of the level of harmonisation of national legislation with European law in this area was carried out.
Police primarily actsin repressive way, and also has an important role in the prevention of crimes that are committed byusing explosive material, and therefore it is pointed that there is a possibility for the police and the Department for Emergency Situationsto take actions in the field of risk assessment of criminal offenses that are committed or can be committedby using some of the explosive material. From the aspect of more effective preventive action, the thing that is especially emphasisedis the weaknesses of the classic reactive concept of the policing in relation to the benefits of proactive policing and it is pointed to the necessity and advantages of timely and complete cooperation between the police and the Department for Emergency Situations, as well as their cooperation with other entities.
Active and mutual cooperation between the police, the Department for Emergency Situations, the public prosecutor's office, companies and other entities is of huge importance for effective prevention of criminal offences that can be committed by explosive material. In order to successful identifythe risk of committing the offenses where explosive material is used and more efficiently take measures towards the elimination or reduction of such risks, it is pointed to the possibility of preventive policing after the offense was committedby explosive material.

Експлозивне материје су веома погодно средство за изазивање техничко-технолошких удеса који веома често садрже елементе одређених кривичних дела којима се угрожава здравље и животи људи, материјална добра и животна средина. Есплозивне материје су једна врста опасних материја, што недвосмислено указује на степен њихове опасности и разорне моћи приликом њиховог активирања. Имајући то у виду, у монографији се прво и износе садржаји који се односе на појам и поделу опасних материја, а потом на појам и врсте експлозивних материја, са посебним освртома на карактеристике и основне делатности са опасним материјама (производња, промет, транспорт и смештај) од значаја за процену ризика извршења кривичних дела. У том контексту, на основу резултата спроведених истраживања, презентиране су мере заштите и надзора у производњи, проместу, транспорту и складиштењу експлозивних материја с аспекта њиховог значаја за oтклањање узрока и идентификацију ризика извршења кривичних дела експлозивним материјама.
Анализирајући начине извршења кривичних дела експлозивним материјама, што је од значаја за идентификацију ризика и њихову анализу, произашла је и класификација таквих кривичних дела у три основне групе. Тако, у прву групу спадају кривична дела која се могу извршити употребом експлозивне материје, али без њеног активирања, док другу групу чине кривична дела чије извршење подразумева активирање експлозивне материје. У трећу групу спадају кривична дела која у свом опису не садрже конкретна средства извршења, али, поред осталих средстава, могу да буду извршена и експлозивним материјама, при чијем извршењу такође долази до експлозије експлозивне материје.
У склопу процене ризика извршења кривичних дела одговарајућа пажња је посвећена значају процене ризика у домену превенције, односно у спречавању извршења кривичних дела експлозивним материјама. Овај сегмент истраживања, сасвим логично, полази од појма и класификације ризика и методологије процене ризика извршења кривичних дела у основним делатностима са експлозивним материјама, па до презентирања садржаја који се односе на конкретне методе које се могу користити у процени ризика извршења ових кривичних дела. Полазећи од значаја процене ризика у домену рада са експлозивним материјама, поред националне правне регулативе и стандарда, извршена је и анализа међународних аката и стандарда од значаја не само за спречавање, већ и за сузбијање кривичних дела која се врше експлозивним материјама. Оваква детаљна анализа указала је и на извесне недостатке у регулативи експлозивних и других опасних материја од утицаја на предузимање превентивних мера у циљу спречавања техничко-технолошких удеса изазванх експлозивним материјама, посебно оних тежих који представљају и извршење кривичних дел, па је и уследила компаративна анализа усклађености националног законодавства са европским правом у овој области.
Полиција која делује пре свега репресивно, има и значајну улогу у спречавању кривичних дела која се врше експлозивним материјама, па је стога и указано на могућности деловања полиције и Сектора за ванредне ситуације у домену процене ризика извршења кривичних дела која се врше или се могу извршити употребом неке од експлозивних материја. С аспекта ефикаснијег превентивног деловања, посебно су потенциране слабости класичног реактивног концепта деловања полиције у односу на предности проактивног деловања и указано на нужност и предност благовремене и потпуне сарадње полиције и Сектора за ванредне ситуације, као и на њихову сарадњу са другим субјектима.
Активност и међусобна сарадња полиције, Сектора за ванредне ситуације, јавног тужилаштва, прфивредних друштава и неких других субјеката је од огромног значаја за ефикасно спречавање кривичних дела која се могу извршити експлозивним материјама. У циљу успешније идентификације ризика извршења кривичних дела експлозивним материјама и ефикаснијег предузимања мера на отклањању и смањењу таквих ризика, указано је и на могућности превентивног деловања полиције након извршеног кривичног дела експлозивним материјама.

In this monograph are analyzed tasks of first responders (police, fire and rescue units and
emergency medical services) in hazard situations caused with abuse of hazardous materials. Special attention is paid to the organization of work (so-called "8-step management") and the safety of the members of these services. So, here is the topic about hazard situations caused by abuse of the dangerous substances; influence the realization of specific tasks by one or more emergency-rescue services. Bearing in mind that among the tasks of these services necessarily must be a clear division of tasks with clearly defined responsibilities, in the work special attention is dedicated to the analysis of their duties that are defined by law. For that reason, special attention is dedicated to the tasks of securing and criminal processing the scene of the police, with special reference to its role in coordinating other security services. As for the fire department - the rescuers, the emphasis is placed on consideration of rescue tactic of injured and firefighting in a dangerous environment. It was made a short review of the emergency medical services, which must adapt their organization to provide first aid to the new circumstances. Therefore, special attention was paid to triage, transport and for preparing of the hospitals to receive casualties. Realizing the importance and necessity of effective coordination of these services, it is stressed the importance of perception and analysis of their organization and operation on the site of terrorist act. This is done from the point of view (in the global West for a long time developed and implmented) of standards "8-step procedure" (Eight Step Process), which is primarily aimed at coordinating the work of terrorist emergency situations. Finally, it points out the potential danger to life and health of the service members in the process of eliminating the consequences, with particular reference to the measures of protection.
Keywords: hazard situation, hazard materials, emergency-rescue services, standards of "8 steps", police, fire-rescue units, emergency medical service, security, dangerous environment, terrorism.

У монографији су анализирани задаци интервентно-спасилачких служби (полиције, ватрогасно-спасилачких јединица и служби хитне медицинске помоћи) у ванредним ситуацијама које су изазване злоупотребом опасних материја. Посебна пажња је посвећена организацији рада, тзв. „менаџменту 8 корака“, и безбедности припадника ових служби.
Дакле, реч је о ванредним ситуацијама које, због злоупотребе опасних материја, условљавају реализацију посебних задатака од стране једне или више интервентно-спасилачких служби. Имајући у виду то да између задатака ових служби нужно мора да постоји јасно разграничење послова са прецизно утврђеним надлежностима, у раду је посебна пажња посвећена анализи њихових задатака који су дефинисани законом. Управо стога, посебна пажња је посвећена задацима обезбеђивања и криминалистичке обраде лица места које спроводи полиција, са посебним освртом на њену улогу у координирању осталих служби безбедности.
Када је реч о ватрогасцима-спасиоцима, акценат је стављен на разматрање тактике спасавања повређених и гашења пожара у опасном окружењу. Учињен је осврт и на службу хитне медицинске помоћи која мора да прилагоди своју организацију пружања прве помоћи новонасталим околностима. Стога је посебна пажња посвећена тријажи, транспортовању и припреми болница за пријем повређених.
Схватајући значај и неопходност ефикасне координације рада ових служби, наглашен је значај сагледавања и анализе њиховог организовања и деловања на лицу места терористичког акта. То је учињено из аспекта (на глобалном Западу већ дуже време развијеног и имплементираног) стандарда тзв. „процедуре 8 корака“ (Eight Step Process), која је првенствено намењена координирању рада у терористичким ванредним ситуацијама. Најзад, указује се и на потенцијалне опасности по живот и здравље припадника служби у поступку отклањања насталих последица, са посебним освртом на мере заштите.

Кључне речи:
1. ванредна ситуација
2. опасне материје
3. интервентно-спасилачке службе
4. стандарди „8 корака“
5. полиција
6. ватрогасно-спасилачке јединице
7. служба хитне помоћи
8. безбедност
9. опасно окружење
10. тероризам

С обзиром на усмереност истраживачког дизајна на утврђивање природе и јачине повезаности испитиваних фактора са знањем ученика, истраживање има експликативни циљ. Наиме, аутори користе метод анкетирања ученика како би идентификовали и описали факторе утицаја на знање и перцепцију о природним катастрофама. У истраживању коришћен је посебно конструисани инструмент који је садржао 7 питања која се односе на независне варијабле (пол, године, образовање мајке и оца,  запосленост родитеља, чланови домаћинства са којима се живи, просечна оцена у школи) и 20 питања која се односе на знање и перцепцију ученика о природним катастрофама, односно о поплавама (питања у вези: знања, перцепције и познавања безбедносне процедуре реаговања, страха, информисаности у оквиру школе и породице, последица, жеље да се више научи, осећања заштићености у школама, обуке, увођења предмета, начина и жеље за стицањем информација, искуства са поплавом итд.). 
Имајући у виду геопростор Србије, истраживање се базира само на геопростору Београда, тако да се закључци могу генерализовати само на популацију ученика средњих школа са тог подручја. С обзиром на евидентан недостатак образовања о природним катастрофама у Србији, резултати истраживања се могу искористити приликом креирања стратегија образовних програма, што би допринело унапређењу безбедносне културе младих. Резултати истраживања указују на потенцијалне модалитете утицаја на ученике средњих школа како би ниво перцепције и знања о поплавама достигао већу вредност. Циљ научног истраживања представља научна дескрипција и експликација повезаности различитих фактора са знањем ученика о природним катастрофама.
Научна монографија је систематизована у два дела: теоријски и истраживачки. У склопу теоријског дела, аутори се баве феноменологијом природних катастрофа и улогом образовања у смањењу ризика од природних катастрофа. Аутори посебну пажњу придају теоријском разматрању појмовног одређења и класификацији природних катастрофа, као и улози школа, високо-образовних институација, породице и локалних заједница у смањењу ризика од природних катастрофа. Истраживачки део научне монографије, поред методолошког оквира састоји се од четири целине: знање и перцепција ученика средњих школа о литосферским, хидросферским, атмосферским и биосферским катастрофама. У оквиру наведених целина, за сваку од појединачних катастрофа даје се преглед резултата описних статистичких показатеља и испитивања повезаности одређених фактора са знањем и перцепцијом ученика о природним катастрофама.

The monograph is the result of a quantitative survey on the evacuation of citizens in natural disasters caused by floods (hereinafter referred to as natural disasters). The aim of the monograph is to test citizens’ perceptions on consent and a method of evacuation with special emphasis on familiarity with directions of movement (routes) and nearby gathering points, acceptance places and areas of deployment for the purposes of evacuation. In addition, the authors examine the impact of demographic (gender, age, level of education, success in high school and parenthood), socio-economic (employment, income level, marital status, military duty and distance from house/apartment), and psychological characteristics (fear, previous experience, risk perception, motivation, and level of religiosity) of citizens on the aforementioned dimensions of evacuation in natural disasters caused by floods.
For the purposes of the survey, we randomly selected 19 communities of 150 municipalities, 23 cities and the City of Belgrade where a flood occurred or there is a risk of flooding. It is significant to note that empirical survey covered urban and rural communities in different parts of Serbia: Obrenovac, Šabac, Kruševac, Kragujevac, Sremska Mitrovica, Priboj, Batočina, Svilajnac, Lapovo, Paraćin, Smederevska Palanka, Jaša Tomić, Loznica, Bajina Bašta, Batočina, Smederevo, Novi Sad, Kraljevo, Rekovac and Užice. The survey was carried out by application of interviewing strategy in households with the use of a multi-stage random sample. On this occasion, data were collected on different aspects of the evacuation and also on demographic, socio-economic and psychological characteristics of citizens. Arranged, classified and processed data were analyzed using several techniques: calculation of the frequency of certain responses in total number of answers, calculation of the percentage of specific responses in total number of responses and using Chi-squared test of independence (χ2) we found statistically significant differences between compared groups or statistically significant relationship between some responses. In addition, we used the One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Independent samples T-test.
Given the experience of the Republic of Serbia regarding the present difficulties in the implementation of the evacuation of citizens from flooded areas, it can be said that the monograph has original scientific and social significance. Taking into account the quantity and quality of the structure of the sample, the results presented in the monograph can be generalized to the entire population. On the other hand, leaving aside the effort and extensive results presented in the monograph, a number of survey questions regarding evacuation need to be problematized. The survey results can have serious implications for an improved implementation of evacuation in natural disasters caused by flooding. As such, they will present the basic corpus of knowledge in future studies on the evacuation of citizens in natural disasters caused by floods.

Key words:
1. security
2. natural disasters
3. citizens
4. evacuation
5. consent to be evacuated
6. familiarity with directions of evacuation
7. awareness of nearby gathering points
8. demographic factors
9. socio-economic factors
10. psychological factors

Апстракт: Moнографија представља резултат квантитативног истраживања о евакуацији грађана у природним катастрофама изазваним поплавама (у даљем тексту: природне катастрофе). Предмет рада огледа се у испитивању перцепције грађана о пристанку на евакуацију и начину њеног спровођења, са посебним освртом на познавање праваца кретања (путева) и оближњих зборних места, места прихвата и рејона размештаја за потребе евакуације. Поред тога, аутори испитују и утицај демографских (пол, године, ниво образовања, успех у средњој школи и родитељство), социо-економских (запосленост, висина прихода, брачни статус, регулисаност војне обавезе и удаљеност куће/стана од реке) и психолошких карактеристика (страх, претходно искуство, перцепција ризика, мотивисаност и ниво религиозности) грађана на споменуте димензије евакуације у природним катастрофама изазваним поплавама.
За потребе реализације истраживања, статистичком методом и методом искуствене генерализације стратификоване су локалне заједнице у Републици Србији са високим и ниским ризиком настанка поплава. На тај начин добијен је стратум, односно популација, који су чинили сви пунолетни становници локалних заједница у којима се догодила поплава, или постоји ризик да се догоди. Из тако добијеног стратума, методом случајног узорка одабрано је њих 19 од укупно 154 у којима је индикована угроженост или потенцијална угроженост од поплава. Истраживањем су обухваћене следеће локалне заједнице: Обреновац, Шабац, Крушевац, Крагујевац, Сремска Митровица, Прибој, Баточина, Свилајнац, Лапово, Параћин, Смедеревска Паланка, Јаша Томић, Лозница, Бајина Башта, Смедерево, Нови Сад, Краљево, Рековац и Ужице.
За реализацију анкетног испитивања одабрана је стратегија испитивања у домаћинствима уз примену вишеетапног случајног узорка. Том приликом прикупљени су подаци о различитим димензијама евакуације, као и о демографским, социо-економским и психолошким карактеристикама грађана. Сређени, класификовани и обрађени подаци анализирани су коришћењем више техника: одређивање учесталости одређеног одговора у укупној маси одговора испитаника, одређивање процента учешћа одређеног одговора у укупној маси одговора и Хи-квадрат тестом независности (χ2) утврђивале су се статистички значајне разлике између група које су се поредиле, или су се утврђивале статистички значајне везе између појединих одговора. Поред тога, коришћена је једнофакторска анализа варијансе и Т-тест независних узорака.
С обзиром на искуства Републике Србије у погледу потешкоћа током спровођења евакуације грађана из поплављених подручја, може се рећи да монографија има оригиналан научни и друштвени значај. Узимајући у обзир квантитет и квалитет структуре узорка, резултати представљени у овом раду могу се генерализовати на целокупну популацију становништва. Са друге стране, остављајући по страни уложени труд и обимне резултате изнете у монографији, велики број истраживачких питања из области евакуације остаје да се проблематизује. Резултати истраживања могу имати озбиљне импликације на унапређење спровођења евакуације у природним катастрофама изазваним поплавама. Као такви, свакако ће представљати и основни корпус сазнања у будућим истраживањима о евакуацији грађана у природним катастрофама изазваним поплавама.

Кључне речи:
1. безбедност
2. природне катастрофе
3. грађани
4. евакуација
5. пристанак на евакуацију
6. познавање праваца кретања
7. познавање зборних места
8. демографски фактори
9. социо-економски фактори
10. психолошки фактори




Предговор

У монографији изнети су резултати квантитативног истраживања евакуације грађана у природним катастрофама изазваним поплавама у Републици Србији. У реализацији овог истраживања учествовало је 2.500 грађана из деветнаест локалних заједница у Србији. Овом приликом хтели бисмо да им се од срца захвалимо на времену које су одвојили за спровођење анкетног испитивања, као и на исказаном стрпљењу. Истраживање евакуације грађана у природним катастрофама део је обимнијег истраживања спроведеног у склопу докторске дисертације „Спремност грађана за реаговање на природну катастрофу изазвану поплавом у Републици Србији“ др Владимира М. Цветковића одбрањене 29. марта 2016. године на Факултету безбедности Универзитета у Београду.
За квалитет монографије аутори посебну захвалност дугују рецензентима: проф. др Владимиру Јаковљевићу, проф. др Драгану Млађану и проф. др Славољубу Драгићевићу.

The monograph presents the results of quantitative research of citizens’ perceptions of the police role in natural disasters caused by fl oods in the Republic of Serbia. The subject of monographs relates to examination of citizens’ perceptions of preparedness of the police to respond, citizens’ awareness of competences of the police and expectation of assistance from the police in natural disasters. In addition, there have been examined the infl uences of demographic, socio-economic and psychological characteristics of citizens regarding perceptions of preparedness, awareness and expectation of assistance from the police in natural disasters. Starting from the municipalities in Serbia in which there is a risk of fl ooding, 19 municipalities were selected by random sampling with 2,500 persons surveyed. In selected municipalities, research was carried out in areas that have historically been most at risk from fl ooding. The survey was carried out by application of interviewing strategy in households with the use of a multi-stage random sample. Data were collected of demographic, socio-economic and psychological characteristics of citizens and their perception of the police in natural disasters. The population consists of all adult residents of the municipalities where there is a risk of flooding. The sample size has been adjusted to geographical and demographic size of municipality. The survey used strategy of interviewing in households with the use of a multi-stage random sample. Bearing in mind that the research is based on the territory of Serbia, conclusions can be generalized to the entire population of the country. The research results presented in the monograph show how respondents assess preparedness of the police to respond, how much they are informed of the system, and the extent to which they expect help from the police in natural disasters. The monograph does not provide answers to all current issues regarding the police in natural disasters, but it can contribute to creating a more complete picture of its obligations to citizens in such situations. Thus, despite the enormous efforts to shed light on most concerns by a comprehensive approach, a number of research questions remain to actualize. The research results can contribute to the improvement of the police work in natural disasters. Thereby, they can also be used when creating a strategy for improving the level of preparedness of the police to respond to natural disasters. Indeed, a veritable treasury of data presented in the scientific monograph is a reference point for all future research of the place and role of the police in natural disasters.

У овој монографији су изнети резултати квантитативног истраживања перцепције грађана о полицији у природним катастрофама (у даљем тексту природне катастрофе) у Републици Србији. Предмет монографије се односи на испитивање перцепције грађана о спремности полиције за реаговање, информисаности грађана о надлежностима полиције и очекивања помоћи од полиције у природним катастрофама. При томе, испитују се утицаји демографских, социоекономских и психолошких карактеристика грађана на перцепцију спремности, информисаности и очекивања помоћи од полиције у природним катастрофама.
Полазећи од општина у Србији у којима постоји ризик од поплава, методом случајног узорка одабрано је деветнаест у којима је анкетирано 2.500 грађана. У одабраним општинама истраживање је реализовано у деловима који су у прошлости били најугроженији од поплава. У анкетном испитивању била је примењена стратегија испитивања у домаћинствима, уз примену вишеетапног случајног узорка. Прикупљени су подаци о демографским, социоекономским и психолошким карактеристикама грађана и њиховој перцепцији о полицији у природним катастрофама. Oригинaлнoст спроведеног истраживања oглeдa сe у чињeници дa у Србији ниje спрoвeдeнo истрaживaњe кojим би сe испитала перцепција грађана о полицији у природним катастрофама. Имајући у виду да се истрaживaњe бaзирa нa пoдручjу Србиje, зaкључци се мoгу гeнeрaлизoвaти нa цeлoкупну пoпулaциjу становништва. Резултати истраживања дати у овој монографији указују нa кojи нaчин испитаници оцењују спремност полиције за реаговање, колико су информисани о надлежностима и у којој мери очекују помоћ од полиције у природним катастрофама.
Монографија може допринети стварању потпуније слике о њеним обавезама према грађанима у таквим ситуацијама иако не пружа одговоре на сва актуелна питања о полицији у природним катастрофама. Дакле, упркос огромним напорима да се свеобухватним приступом расветли већина недоумица, велики број истраживачких питања остаје да се актуелизује. Резултати истраживања могу допринети унапређењу рада полиције у природним катастрофама. При томе, они се мoгу искористити и приликoм крeирaњa стрaтeгиja зa унaпрeђeњe нивoa спрeмнoсти полиције за реаговање у природним катастрофама. Права ризница података изнета у овој научној монографији представља реперну тачку за будућа истраживања о месту и улози полиције када је реч о природним катастрофама.

The consequences of floods that affected the area of Serbia in 2014 indicated a very low level of preparedness of population to respond to natural disasters. Bearing in mind unstudied levels and factors influencing preparedness to respond it was conducted multi-methodical study that included quantitative and qualitative research approach aimed at determining the level and impact of certain demographic, socio-economic and psychological characteristics of population on their preparedness to respond. Bearing in mind all local communities in Serbia where floods occurred or there is a high risk of flooding, randomly it was selected sample consisting 19 of 150 municipalities and 23 towns and the city of Belgrade. In selected communities research was undertaken in those areas that were most affected in relation to the amount of water or potential risk of flooding. The survey used strategy of testing in households with the use of a multi-stage random sample. According to the research results: citizens of the Republic of Serbia are to some degree unprepared for responding to natural disasters caused by floods, and their public preparedness index was 10.5 on a scale to 33; 77.4% of them suffered from intangible consequences and 67, 3% of them suffered from tangible consequences caused by flooding; 34% of them were disabled to be at home due to consequences of floods; 49.7% feel while 49.3% do not feel the fear from floods; 23.3% would participate as a volunteer in eliminating the consequences of flooding; 26.6% declare that they are individually are prepared to respond (M=2.98); 28.7% declare that their households are prepared to respond (M=2.98); 77.9% declare they know what a flood is; 22% are familiar with security response procedures; 86.7% would be evacuated in the event of encountering floods; 40.2% declare that they have been educated about floods by someone within family; 26.6% declare they know what to do after an official warning about approaching flood; 24.6% declare they have supplies; 37.2% responded that they have food supplies for 4 days; 26% have a water supplies for 4 days; 17.6% of respondents have a transistor radio, 40% flashlight; 1.3% of respondents have a written plan for responding; 24.5% have copies of financial and other insurance documents in a safe place, etc. When it comes to demographic characteristics of citizens, such as gender, age, level of education, and school performance there is statistically significant correlation with perception, knowledge and possession of supplies in terms of preparedness for response, while when it comes to variable on whether respondents have or do not have children there is no statistically significant correlation with perception of preparedness to respond; in relation with socio-economic characteristics of citizens, for employment, income, status of military obligations, and distance of household from a river there is a statistically significant correlation with perception, knowledge and possession of supplies in terms of preparedness to respond; and finally, for psychological characteristics of people - fear, previous experience, perception of risk, level of religiosity and motivation, these is a statistically significant correlation with perception, knowledge and supplies in terms of preparedness of citizens to respond. The originality of the research lies in the fact that in Serbia it has never been conducted research to examine the state of preparedness of citizens to respond. Bearing in mind that the research is based on the territory of Serbia, conclusions can be generalized to the entire population. Research indicates the way how to affect the citizens with respect to their demographic, socio-economic and psychological characteristics to raise preparedness on a higher level. As such, it does not give a complete answer to all current issues on preparedness of citizens to respond, but it certainly can contribute in creating a more complete picture of it. Although they made huge efforts to shed light on most concerns in comprehensive approach, we can say that a large number of questions remain to be further investigated. The research results can contribute to improving citizens' preparedness to respond to such events. The research results can be used when creating a strategy for improving the level of preparedness of citizens to respond. As such, they represent guidelines for all future research on preparedness for response, bearing in mind the true wealth of information set out in his doctoral dissertation. Key words: security, natural disasters, floods, preparedness for response, perception, knowledge, supplies, demographic characteristics, socio-economic characteristics, psychological characteristics, citizens, Serbia.


Последице пoплaвa кoje су зaдeсилe пoдручje Србиje у тoку 2014. гoдинe укaзaлe су нa вeoмa низaк стeпeн спрeмнoсти стaнoвништвa зa рeaгoвaњe у прирoдним кaтaстрoфaмa. Имајући у виду неиспитаност нивоа и фактора утицаја на спремност за реаговање, спрoвeдeнo je мултиметодско истраживање које је обухватило квантитативан и квалитативан истраживачки приступ са циљем утврђивања нивoa и утицaja одређених демографских, социо-економских и психолошких карактеристика грађана нa њихову спремност за рeaгoвaњe. Имајући у виду све локалне заједнице у Србији у којима се догодила или постоји висок ризик да се догоди поплава, методом случајног узорка одабрано је њих 19 од укупно 150 општина и 23 града и града Београда. У одабраним локалним заједницама истраживање се обавило у оним деловима који су били најугроженији у односу на висину воде или потенцијални ризик од настанка поплаве. У самом анкетном испитивању била је примењена стратегија испитивања у домаћинствима уз примену вишеетапног случајног узорка.
Судећи по резултатима истраживања грађани Републике Србије у извесној мери су неспремни за реаговање на природну катастрофу изазвану поплавом, и њихов јавни индекс спремности за реаговање износи 10,5 од укупно могућих 33. Од укупног броја испитаника, њих 77,4% доживело је нематеријалне и 67,3% материјалне последице поплаве; 34% је било спречено да буде у дому услед последица поплава; 49,7% осећа док 49,3% не осећа страх од поплава; 23,3% би као волонтер учествовало у отклањању последица поплава; 26,6% истиче да је индивидуално спремно за реаговање (М = 2,98); 28,7% истиче да је њихово домаћинство спремно за реаговање (М = 2,98); 77,9% истиче да зна шта је поплава; 22% познаје безбедносне процедуре реаговања; 86,7% евакуисало би се у случају наиласка поплавног таласа; 40,2% истиче да их је у породици неко едуковао о поплавама; 26,6% истиче да зна шта треба радити након званичног упозорења о наила-ску поплавног таласа; 24,6% истиче да поседује залихе; 37,2% одговорило је да поседују залихе хране за 4 дана; 26% поседују залихе воде за 4 дана; 17,6% испитаника поседује радио транзистор, 40% батеријску лампу; 1,3% испитаника поседује писани план за реаговање; 24,5% поседује копије финансијских и других осигуравајућих докумената на безбедном месту итд.
Када је реч o демографским карактеристикама грађана, као што су пол, године старости, ниво образовања, и успех у школи утврђена је статистички значајна повезаност са перцепцијом, знањем и поседовањем залиха у вези спремности за реаговањем, док са променљивом да ли испитаници имају или немају деце није утврђена статистички значајна повезаност са перцепцијом спремности за реаговање; у вези социо-економских карактеристика грађана, за запосленост, висину прихода, статус регулисане војне обавезе, и удаљености домаћинства од реке утврђена је статистички значајна перцепцију ризика, ниво религиозности и мотивисаност, утврђена је статистички значајна повеза-ност са перцепцијом, знањем и залихама у вези спремности грађана за реаговањем.
Oргинaлнoст истрaживaњa oглeдa сe у чињeници дa у Србиjи ниje никaдa спрoвeдeнo истрaживaњe кojим би сe испитaлo стaњe спрeмнoсти грaђaнa зa рeaгoвaњe. Имајући у виду да се истрaживaњe бaзирa нa пoдручje Србиje, зaкључци се мoгу гeнeрaлизoвaти нa цeлoкупну пoпулaциjу становништва. Истрaживaњe укaзуje нa кojи нaчин трeбa утицaти нa грaђaнe с oбзирoм нa њихoве демографске, социо-економске и психолошке карактеристике кaкo би сe спрeмнoст за реаговање на природне катастрофе изазване поплавом пoдиглa нa виши нивo. Као такво, не даје потпун одговор на сва актуелна питања о спремности грађана за реаговање, али свакако може допринети стварању потпуније слике о њој. Иако су учињени огромни напори да се свеобухватним приступом расветли већина недоумица, може се рећи да велики број питања остаје да се и даље истражује. Резултати истраживања могу допринети унапређењу спремности грађана за реаговање на такве појаве. Поред тога, резултати истраживања се мoгу искoристити и приликoм крeирaњa стрaтeгиja зa унaпрeђeњe нивoa спрeмнoсти грaђaнa зa рeaгoвaњe. Као такви, представљаће реперну тачку за сва будућа истраживања о спремности грађана за реаговање на природне катастрофе имајући у виду праву ризницу података који су изнети у докторској дисертацији.

Possible misuse of weapons of mass destruction for terrorist purposes, are a nightmare to emergency managers and serious threat to national security in a state. Because it is a very destructive weapon, the management of such emergencies is very complex and procedurally interlace. Specifically, the site of an emergency, it is more work of coordination of emergency services such as police, fire-rescue unit and ambulance service. Each emergency service, must have developed treatment procedure that complies with the general plan of response in the emergency. Emergency personnel must have appropriate equipment to operate in hazardous environments and be adequately prepared for the elimination of consequences resulting from emergencies. Emergency services will meet with many problems and difficulties in eliminating the consequences of terrorist attacks. In order to effectively manage emergency services, we need well-developed management system (ICS). The reaction to this emergency must be organized and efficient, otherwise the public will question the government's ability to deal with terrorists. Also, emergency personnel must keep the developed procedures and tactics of treatment. One of the most important treatment procedures in dealing with hazardous substances (WMD) is a procedure, 8 steps "(Eight Step Process). Each state has its own elaborate system of emergency management that is activated in the event of a terrorist attack caused by these weapons.
The work at the beginning, in a systematic way, analyze the types and characteristics of weapons of mass destruction. Looking at the place and role of police, fire-rescue units and emergency department at the scene of an emergency. On the other hand, consider the organization of emergency services and management systems in these emergency situations. It also provides a general overview of the management of emergencies in the Russian Federation, the United States and Serbia.

Osnovni podaci i istorijski razvoj U toku 15. juna 2018. godine, održana je osnivačka skupština i na predlog osnivača doc. dr Vladimira M. Cvetkovića, profesori sa Fakulteta bezbednosti, Kriminalističko-policijskog univerziteta, Geografskog i Šumarskog fakulteta su jednoglasno doneli Statut i formirali Naučno-stručno društvo za upravlјanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama (Scientific-Professional Society for Disaster Risk Management). U cilјu unapređenja naučne delatnosti u okviru Društva, 21.12.2020. godine, donet je Statut i osnovan je Međunarodni institut za istraživanje katastrofa (International Institute for Disaster Research). Naučno-stručno društvo za upravlјanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama (NSDR-URVS) jeste nevladino, neprofitno udruženje, osnovano na neodređeno vreme, radi unapređenja postojećeg fonda teorijskih znanja u oblasti upravlјanja rizicima u vanrednim situacijama, sprovođenja kvantitativno-kvalitativnih istraživanja, organizovanja nacionalnih i međunarodnih konferencija, pokretanja i vođenja časopisa, sprovođenja obuka i procena rizika, kao i drugih, akademskih aktivnosti u pomenutoj oblasti. Članovi i saradnici U svom sastavu ima više od 800 članova koje čine profesori sa svih državnih i privatnih Univerziteta i Fakulteta u Srbiji, naučni istraživači, praktičari (pripadnici policije, vatrogasno-spasilačkih jedinica, službe hitne medicinske pomoći, vojske, NGO organizacija iz oblasti bezbednosti itd.) studenti i mladi koji se direktno ili indirektno bave istraživanjima i konkretnim delatnostima iz oblasti vanrednih situacija. Član se postaje popunjavanjem pristupnice koja se nalazi na Sajtu i slanjem preko imejla Društva – upravljanje.rizicima.vs@gmail.com. Cilјevi Cilјevi NSDR-URVS: a) sprovođenje istraživanja iz oblasti studija katastrofa; b) uspostavlјanje i vođenje međunarodnog časopisa – International Journal of Disaster Risk Management; v) pripremanje, konkurisanje i realizacija nacionalnih i međunarodnih projekata o različitim aspektima upravlјanja rizicima u vanrednim situacijama; g) promovisanje, osmišlјavanje, implementacija i unapređivanje preventivnih mera od katastrofa; d) osmišlјavanje i realizacija kampanja, programa, planova za jačanje svesti građana o neophodnosti unapređenja njihove pripremlјenosti za katastrofe; đ) organizovanje nacionalnih i međunarodnih naučnih konferencija o upravlјanju rizicima u vanrednim situacijama; e) sprovođenje stručnih procena rizika i izrada planova zaštite i spasavanja u vanrednim situacijama; ž) organizovanje i sprovođenje različitih vidova obuka, kurserva, seminara i drugih usavršavanja građana, studenata i zaposlenih u zainteresovanim institucijama; z) obavlјanje i drugih poslova u skladu sa zakonom i njegovim Statutom. Naučno-istraživačka i izdavačka delatnost U okviru naučne i izdavačke delatnosti Društva objavlјen je veći broj udžbenika, monografija i zbirki: a) Upravlјanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama – udžbenik, 2020. godine b) Mitovi o katastrofama: istine i zablude – naučna monografija, 2021. godine; v) Upravlјanje u nuklearnim katastrofamama – naučna monografija, 2021. godine; g) Bezbednosni rizici i katastrofe – praktikum, 2021. godine; d) Upravlјanje rizicima i sistemi zaštite i spasavanja od katastrofa – praktikum, 2021. godine; đ) Zbirka propisa iz oblasti upravlјanja rizicima od katastrofa, 2019. godina; Zbornik radova sa Prvog nacionalnog seminara iz oblasti vanrednih situacija – Taktika zaštite i spasavanja u vanrednim situacijama: iskustva sa terena i pouke, 2021. godine. Saradnici društva su napisali više od pet projekata iz oblasti vanrednih situacija i više od 30 naučnih radova. Održane obuke, kursevi i predavanja U organizaciji Naučno-stručnog društva za upravlјanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama realizovan je veći broj obuka i drugih aktivnosti usmerenih na edukaciji iz oblasti vanrednih situacija: Prva osnovna bezbednosna obuka iz oblasti vanrednih situacija na Staroj planini od 13. do 16. jula 2018. godine (100 polaznika); Druga osnovna bezbednosna obuka iz oblasti zaštite i spasavanja u vanrednim situacijama u Ovčarsko-Kablarskoj klisuri od 29. novembra do 1. decembra 2019. godine (60 polaznika); Treća osnovna bezbednosna obuka iz oblasti vanrednih situacija od 29. oktobra do 1. novembra 2021. godine; Komandno-simulaciona vežba sanacije klizišta i rada Gradskog štaba za vanredne situacije, održana 6. aprila 2019. godine u sportskoj hali Crna rupa; Obuka orijentacija za potrebe zaštite i spasavanja u vanrednim situacijama, održana 16. marta 2019. godine na Košutnjaku (110 polaznika); Obuka iz oblasti zaštite i spasavanja lјudi na nepristupačnim terenima (alpinističke i spasilačke aktivnosti), 8. marta 2019. godine; Formirana jedinica civilne zaštite opšte namene za potrebe zaštite i spasavanja u vanrednim situacijama shodno Zakonu o smanjenju rizika od katastrofa i upravlјanju u vanrednim situacijama; Obeležavanje Svetskog dana civilne zaštite u Svečanoj sali Stari dvor, 1. marta 2020. godine; Učestvovanje članova i saradnika Društva u pružanju pomoći ugroženom stanovništvu grada Beograda u toku epidemije izazvane Korona virusom, 2020. godina; Učestovanje Sekretara društva u Forumu mladih lidera održanom u Novom Sadu od 22. do 24. novembra 2019. godine; Učestvovanje članova i saradnika u konferenciji o ekološkoj bezbednosti ,,Uozbilјimo se“, 2020. godina; Osnovna bezbednosna obuka u rukovanju i manipulaciji vatrenim oružjem, strelјana MUŠ, Novi Beograd, 2020. godine (120 polazanika); Učestvovanje u edukativnom seminaru ,,Aktivne žene, aktivno društvo“, Beogradski fond za političku izuzetnost, od 26. do 29. septembra 2019. godine; Realizacija letnjeg kursa borilačkih veština, primena alata samoodbrane u vanrednim situacijama u trajanju od 7 dana, 2020. godine (90 polaznika); Učestvovanje članova i saradnika Društva u međunarodnoj terenskoj vežbi – Upravlјanje posledicama vanrednih situacija, Srbija 2018 u organizaciji Ministarstva unutrašnjnih poslova, Sektora za vanredne situacije i Evropskog atlantskog koordinacionog centra za vanredne situacije, od 8. do 11. oktobra 2018. godine; Održano predavanje Iskustva i pouke u zaštiti i spasavanju građana Srbije za vreme oružane agresije 1999 godine; Održana tribina o stanju vanrednih situacija na području grada Beograda, 28. marta 2019. godine u svečanoj sali opštine Zvezdara; 28. marta 2019. godine osnovan i objavlјen prvi međunarodni časopis – International Journal of Disaster Risk Management (IJDRM); Na osnivačkoj skupštini, održanoj 21.12.2020. godine, donet je Statut i osnovan je Međunarodni institut za istraživanje katastrofa (International Institute for Disaster Research), kao organizaciona jedinica Društva, osnivač doc. dr Vladimir M. Cvetković; Kreirana nacionalna elektronska platforma za online kurseve iz oblasti vanrednih situacija, 2021. godina. Kontakt podaci Podaci na flajeru - Naučno-stručno društvo za upravlјanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama, Beograd, Zvezdara, Dimitrija Tucovića 121, Matični broj: 28259727; PIB: 110885182, predsednik Vladimir M. Cvetković, sekretar Nemanja Milјković. Kontakt podaci: e-mail: upravljanje.rizicima.vs@gmail.com; nsdr.urvs@gmail.com; vladimirkpa@gmail.com. Veb sajt - www.upravljanje-rizicima.com. Veb sajt časopisa - http://internationaljournalofdisasterriskmanagement.com/index.php/Vol1/issue/archive.

Social media informs the public about the most important events and conveys important information. Before, during and after disasters, social media are used to disseminate information about disasters and to collect data relevant to the implementation of preparedness, response and recovery activities and measures. Social networks are effective in disseminating information and warnings, as well as in educating the public. The subject of the research is examining the influence of demographic factors on the effectiveness of social media in informing the public about the risks of disasters. Using an online survey questionnaire, and according to the snowball principle, a survey of 247 respondents was conducted in 2022. The research results show no statistically significant relationship between the level of education of the respondents and the assessment of the effectiveness of social media reporting on disasters. The use of social media can improve communication between stakeholders in disaster management and facilitate coordination of efforts, fostering communication and allocation of resources. To effectively use social media in disaster management, decision-makers in the disaster management system must be aware of new technologies, their disadvantages and advantages, as well as ways in which data from social networks can be collected and analyzed.

This paper presents quantitative research results regarding students’ attitudes and preferences towards disaster learning multimedia to enhance preparedness. The research was conducted during February and March 2021, where the respondents' answers were collected by sending an online survey questionnaire electronically to the email addresses of high schools. The general hypothesis refers to verifying the claim that the application of multimedia in the education of children in schools about disasters ensures that students are acquainted with disasters and develop skills for safety and risk management in case of disasters. The regression model within the conducted research confirmed that the education of students through multimedia has the most significant impact on safety and risk management in disasters. Future directions of research in this field should move towards the analysis of different simulation models that can be of great help to acquaint students with the dangers arising from disasters. Given that simulation has proven to be an effective tool in acquiring knowledge, their application in educating students about disasters would inevitably have significant effects.

Opis seminara - U realizaciji trodnevnog seminara biće angažovani najistaknutiji stručnjaci iz: Ministarstva unutrašnjih poslova: policije opšte nadležnosti, Žandarmerije, SAJ-a, specijalističkih timova Sektora za vanredne situacije, pregovaračkih timova, saobraćajne policije, helikopterske jedinice; Kriminalističko-policijskog univerziteta; Nacionalnog trening centra za vanredne situacije; Ministarstva odbrane, Vojske Srbije, Ronilačkih klubova; Bezbednosno-informativne agencije; Crvenog krsta Srbije, Srpskog spasilačkog tima; Gorske službe spasavanja; Službe hitne medicinske pomoći; Vatrogasno-spasilačkih jedinica; Predstavnici privrednih društava iz oblasti bezbednosti; Klubova borilačkih veština; Republičkog seizmološkog zavoda, Republičkog hidrometeorološkog zavoda; Kriznog štaba RS; Direktorata za radijacionu i nuklearnu sigurnost i bezbednost Srbije; Fakulteta bezbednosti, Katedre za vanredne situacije i ekološke bezbednosti; Naučno-stručnog društva za upravljanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama; Rusko-Srpskog humanitarnog centra; Predstavnici NGO organizacija iz oblasti vanrednih situacija; Predstavnici različitih medija; Profesori iz oblasti vanrednih situacija sa Fakulteta bezbednosti, Kriminalističko-policijskog univerziteta, Geografskog, Šumarskog, Poljoprivrednog, Građevinskog, Elektrotehničkog fakulteta, kao i druge relevantne organizacije. Mesto održavanja-Beograd. Prijave preko imejla-upravljanje.rizicima.vs@gmail. com, do 01.04.2021. godine ____ Kotizacija za studente iznosi 1850 dinara i uključuje registraciju (ID karticu), praćenje seminara, propratni materijal, posluženje (piće i hrana na pauzama), članstvo u organizaciji NSDR-URVS. ____ Svi učesnici dobiće sertifikat i priliku za publikovanje rada u zborniku radova. ____ Razmena mišljenja i iskustva sa najeminentnijim stručnjacima iz oblasti bezbednosti. ____ Forum za unapređivanje znanja i iskustva iz oblasti studija katastrofa. NAUČNO-STRUČNO DRUŠTVO ZA URPAVLJANJE RIZICIMA U VANREDNIM SITUACIJAMA I MEĐUNARODNI INSTITUT ZA ISTRAŽIVANJE KATASTROFA Dimitrija Tucovića 121 Beograd upravljanje.rizicima.

Bezbednost na prvom mestu! Predstavljamo vam našu najnoviju edukativnu brošuru o postupanju u vanrednim situacijama izazvanim ekstremnim temperaturama!  Ova inspirativna brošura će vas voditi kroz važne smernice i pružiti vam korisne savete kako da obezbedite svoju bezbednost tokom vrelih letnjih dana ili hladnih zimskih perioda. Bezbednost je ključna i mi želimo da budete spremni za sve vremenske izazove! Nezavisno od toga da li se suočavate s ekstremnim vrućinama ili hladnoćom, ova brošura će vam pomoći da znate šta treba da uradite kako biste ostali bezbedni. Preuzmite je sada, podelite sa svojim prijateljima i porodicom i zajedno ćemo biti pripremljeni za sve što nam vreme donese!