Options

Derivatives investors through increasing the level of information about products, markets an advanced option , they served at the request of investors. Classic option market demands products that are inadequate and contributed to the emergence of new types of generation options . Described as a new generation of option types exotic options , non-standard special conditions added to provide better services to individual investors and options are generally traded in the OTC market . Exotic options, individual investors need to bring along some special conditions that make them more flexible and convenient. Derivative financial instruments are interesting and need to focus on is one of the varieties are "Exotic Options " which is a kind of “chooser” options. “Chooser options” including the main purpose of such financial instruments and related risks faced by businesses to minimize the uncertainty , though they also used by individual and institutional investors as speculative. In this study, It is mentioned in one of the most widely used types of exotic options and option strategies focused on the chooser options. The section on data and application BİST30 BİST100 45days, 90 days and 135 days analyzes were performed by giving the chooser days. Therefore, the last five years BİST30 and BİST100 data on the indices created and these indices are based on an application level. Application level compared with the value at the end of term and It has come to a conclusion. The Black & Scholes option pricing model was made with .

Theories on the motivation underlying firm boundaries have
recently sparked renewed debate. What best explains whether
a firm relies on market control or hierarchical control to secure
required resources? How do the characteristics of the resources
come into play? In this study, we consider a comprehensive
path model of the governance mode decision for sourcing technological know-how. By integrating different perspectives on firm boundaries, including transaction cost economics, a resource-based view, and an options perspective, we link characteristics of the technology (i.e., uniqueness, barriers to imitation, commercial uncertainty, technological dynamism) to the perceived threat of opportunism, the potential for sustainable advantage, and the pursuit of a licensing agreement vis-a`-vis the outright acquisition of the firm that possesses the desired know-how. We use structural equation modeling to analyze 127 sourcing arrangements. Our results show that technological dynamism and barriers to imitation indirectly influence the governance mode decision by increasing the perceived threat of opportunism. Commercial uncertainty directly influences the governance mode and decreases the likelihood of an acquisition vis-a`-vis a licensing agreement. Although uniqueness and barriers to imitation are also positively associated with the perceived potential for sustainable advantage, the potential for sustainable advantage had no direct effect on governance mode.

Which factors influence a human being's ability to develop new perspectives and be creative? This ability is pivotal for any context in which new cognitions are required, such as innovative endeavors in science and art, or psychotherapeutic settings. In this article, we seek to bring together two research programs investigating the generation of creative options: On the one hand, research on option generation in the decision-making literature and, on the other hand, cognitive and clinical creativity research. Previous decision-making research has largely neglected the topic of generating creative options. Experiments typically provided participants with a clear set of options to choose from, but everyday life situations are less structured and allow countless ways to react. Before choosing an option, agents have to self-generate a set of options to choose from. Such option generation processes have only recently moved to the center of attention. The present study examines the creative quality of self-generated options in daily life situations. A student sample (N = 48) generated options for action in 70 briefly described everyday life scenarios. We rated the quality of the options on three dimensions of creativity-originality, feasibility, and divergence-and linked these qualities to option generation fluency (speed and number of generated options), situational features like the familiarity and the affective valence of the situation in which the options were generated, and trait measures of cognitive performance. We found that when situations were familiar to the participant, greater negative affective valence of the situation was associated with more originality and divergence of generated options. We also found that a higher option generation fluency was associated with a greater maximal originality of options. We complete our article with a joint research agenda for researchers in the decision-making field focusing on option generation and, on the other hand, researchers working on the cognitive and clinical aspects of creativity.