Technology Adoption

Objectives: The main objective of research is to identify a valid model that ensures the capabilities of national counterintelligence interests in the processes of identification, analysis and response to hybrid threats in cyberspace associated with the national security strategy taking into account the capabilities provided by advanced artificial intelligence. Based on this strategic approach, provide key factors for roadmap of adoption in the process of introducing disruptive technologies in counter-intelligence processes for maximization of results in technology adoption. Methodology: The applied research methodology is mixed. It will combine qualitative and quantitative criteria according to the proposed objectives by each research phase.

We acknowledge financial support from the research programme ‘Environmental Policy, Economic Reform and Endogenous Technology’, funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). We gratefully acknowledge useful comments by Egbert Jongen, Richard Nahuis, Michiel de Nooij and Bob van der Zwaan on an earlier version of this paper. Of course, the usual disclaimer applies. Research Memorandum 0105

The growing concern on environment sustainability, increasing fuel prices and climate change have galvanised business and government organisations to incorporate the Green concepts in all areas. Green IT is an emerging research area in Information Technology field. As IT infrastructure is growing rapidly in Sri Lanka, it is evident that Sri Lanka too would face major issues with energy prices and e-waste. Increasing energy cost is already a major concern in business organisations in Sri Lankan. Thus, study on Green IT adoption in Sri Lanka is an area of interest to academics as well as business organisations. Hence, in this research, influential factors of Green IT adoption in data centres of Sri Lankan banks were studied. To achieve the objective a conceptual model based on literature was developed and four banks were selected for data collection. The results show that there is a high positive relationship between Green IT adoption and technological factors, organizational factors ...

Although the use of open-source software (OSS) is a reality for information-technology companies, there has been little academic research on the factors impacting the process by which OSS is adopted, the way OSS is adopted, and the business models as employed. The TOE (Technology, Organization and Environment) framework has been used to study the influence of technological, organizational, and environmental factors considered by companies when adopting OSS. In this work, we collected data through online surveys answered by workers in IT companies in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The proposed model for determining the impact of each factor on the adoption of OSS and on the business model practiced by IT companies was evaluated by using structural equations. The results show that three groups of factors impact the way of OSS adoption. Organizational and technological factors are the most relevant, whereas for business models only environmental factors are relevant. The most relev...

2. Abstract Automatic 3D acquisition devices (often called 3D scanners) allow to build highly accurate models of real 3D objects in a cost-and time-effective manner. We have experimented this technology in a particular application context: the acquisition of Cultural Heritage artefacts. Specific needs of this domain are: medium-high accuracy, easy of use, affordable cost of the scanning device, self-registered acquisition of shape and color data, and finally operational safety for both the operator and the scanned artefacts. According to ...

Software products comprises of web applications, desktop applications, mobile applications, banking applications, etc. They are available in various formats like ISOs, CDs, DVDs, appliances catering to the needs of markets like IT, ITES, Banking, Finance, Insurance, Medical, Pharmaceutical etc. The recent emergence of various technological platforms in the field of Cloud Computing services like, Infrastructure-as-a-service, Platform-as-a-service, Software-as-a-service has influenced the software industry to a large extent in the areas like business, technology and end-user experience of the product. While each of the CLOUD COMPUTING service model has advantages one over the other, but it posed several challenges to the buying decisions of the customers. The goal of this research paper is to assess the effect of factors in terms of organizational context namely organizational readiness, organizational size and top management support, on the buying behaviour of customers for adoption of cloud computing deployment model Infrastructure As A Service (IaaS).

This paper frames the GM cotton approval debate in Turkey in the context of a socio-political process in which conflicts must be resolved between competing interests and among people who hold different value systems and have different priorities. Four different cotton farming alternatives—business as usual (BAU), ecological farming (ECO), GM farming (GM), and good agricultural practices (GAP)—are assessed and evaluated via a set of environmental, social, and economic criteria chosen on the basis of an extensive review of the cotton production and genetically modified organism (GMO) literatures, and in-depth interviews with several key stakeholders and experts in Turkey. The results show that when economic concerns are considered primary, GM farming is the preferred practice. In contrast, when only the social dimension is prioritised, the ECO alternative performs best. Finally, when the economic and social dimensions are appraised together, GAP emerges as a compromise solution. This study reveals that the decision to approve GM farming is not only complex but also value-laden and interest-based.

This study investigates theoretical model of tourist intention in the context of mobile tourism guide. The research model consists of three constructs: mobile design quality, innovation characteristics, and intention to use mobile tourism guide. In order to investigate the effects of determinants and examine the relationships, partial least squares is employed for data analysis and research model development. The results show that mobile design quality and innovation quality significantly impact on tourists' intention to use mobile tourism guide. Furthermore, mobile design quality has a strong influence on innovation characteristics, and cannot be the moderator on the relationship between innovation characteristics and tourists' intention to use mobile tourism guide. Our findings propose theoretical model for mobile research and provide an important guideline for developing mobile application.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to consider factors affecting the effective utilisation of information and communication technology (ICT) and the adoption of more sophisticated ICT solutions in small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in Lagos, Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts a case study approach. Semi‐structured interviews in 25 SMEs were used as tools for data collection.FindingsThe paper identifies eight key factors that affect the effective utilisation and adoption of more sophisticated or advanced ICT solutions in Nigerian SMEs.Research limitations/implicationsThe data for this research are drawn from a particular region in Nigeria, therefore, the findings are not generalisable to SMEs in other regions. Also, the data are collected from various industry sectors hence, it is not possible to have sector‐specific conclusions.Practical implicationsEffective utilisation of sophisticated ICT solutions in SMEs has great impact on SMEs' competitiveness. Al...

Purpose – This paper’s research objective is to contribute to a growing body of research on cloud computing, by studying the SME adoption process. If SMEs have access to scalable technologies they could potentially deliver products and services that in the past only large enterprises could deliver, flattening the competitive arena. Design/methodology/approach – By adopting the Technological, Organisational and Environmental (TOE) as a theoretical base, this qualitative exploratory study used semi-structured interviews to collect data in fifteen different SMEs and service providers in the North East of England. The North East of England was selected as it is a region that aspires to become home to innovative digital firms and most of the companies in the region are SMEs. Findings - The main factors that were identified as playing a significant role in SME adoption of cloud services were: relative advantage, uncertainty, geo-restriction, compatibility, trialability, size, top manageme...

The main objective of this paper is to better understand the nature and patterns of students’ socialization patterns in relation to the adoption of Instant Messaging (IM) systems. A model based on the Extended Planned Behavior Theory (EPBT) was applied to a sample of 80 students of software engineering at the University of New South Wales, Australia. Based on the

This paper evaluates the potential impact of adoption of improved legume technologies on rural household welfare measured by consumption expenditure in rural Ethiopia and Tanzania. The study utilizes cross-sectional farm household level data collected in 2008 from a randomly selected sample of 1313 households (700 in Ethiopia and 613 in Tanzania). The causal impact of technology adoption is estimated by utilizing endogenous switching regression. This helps us estimate the true welfare effect of technology adoption by controlling for the role of selection problem on production and adoption decisions. Our analysis reveals that adoption of improved agricultural technologies has a significant positive impact consumption expenditure (in per adult equivalent terms) in rural Ethiopia and Tanzania. This confirms the potential role of technology adoption in improving rural household welfare as higher consumption expenditure from improved technologies translate into lower poverty, higher food...

According to a recent study, the #TestingAutomation consumer survey, commissioned in 2018 by Thatcham Research, 71% of drivers around the world believe they can purchase a self-driving car right now, while 11% would be tempted to have a brief nap while using current ‘Highway Assist’ systems such as Adaptive Cruise Control (Thatcham Research 2018). In reality, autonomous (i.e. driverless) cars are not yet on the market and still in an exploratory testing phase (Ro and Ha 2019); however, most major car manufacturers are developing vehicles with some level of automated driving capability (Hardman et al. 2019). AV technology is considered to have a major impact on the transportation system and to substantially affect road safety, mobility, traffic congestion, and energy use (Anderson et al., 2016; Sener et al. 2019; Xu et al. 2018). As AV technology is gaining increasing attention among car manufacturers, technology companies, policymakers, and the general public (Xu et al. 2018), researchers in different disciplines have also started to focus their attention on examining consumers’ attitudes and perceptions of AV technologies and the factors that shape the potential adoption of conditional and/or full automated vehicles. There is consensus that the literature on consumers’ adoption behavior towards AV is still limited (Hardman et al. 2019; Leicht et al. 2018; Shabanpour et al. 2018; Xu et al. 2018). In this article, we explore consumers’ psychological drivers behind AV acceptance as part of a larger research project on automation. Prior research (Walker et al. 2018) suggests that people with an on-road driving experience with a semi-autonomous car (SAE Level 2) obtain a more realistic understanding of AV technology. In this study, we analyze how an on-road experience with a Level 2 semi-autonomous vehicle influences drivers’ trust beliefs and acceptance of autonomous cars.

The real estate sector brings a fortune to the global economy. But, presently, this
sector is regressive and uses traditional methods and approaches. Therefore, it needs
a technological transformation and innovation in line with the Industry 4.0 requirements
to transform into smart real estate. However, it faces the barriers of disruptive
digital technology (DDT) adoption and innovation that need effective management to
enable such transformation. These barriers present managerial challenges that affect
DDT adoption and innovation in smart real estate. The current study assesses these
DDTs adoption and innovation barriers facing the Australian real estate sector from a
managerial perspective. Based on a comprehensive review of 72 systematically retrieved
and shortlisted articles, we identify 21 key barriers to digitalisation and innovation. The
barriers are grouped into the technology-organisation-external environment (TOE) categories
using a Fault tree. Data is collected from 102 real estate and property managers
to rate and rank the identified barriers. The results show that most of the respondents
are aware of the DDTs and reported AI (22.5% of respondents), big data (12.75%) and VR
(12.75%) as the most critical technologies not adopted so far due to costs, organisation
policies, awareness, reluctance, user demand, tech integration, government support
and funding. Overall, the highest barrier (risk) scores are observed for high costs of
software and hardware (T1), high complexity of the selected technology dissemination system
(T2) and lack of government incentives, R&D support, policies, regulations and standards
(E1). Among the TOE categories, as evident from the fault tree analysis, the highest
percentage of failure to adopt the DDT is attributed to E1 in the environmental group.
For the technological group, the highest failure reason is attributed to T2. And for the
organisational group, the barrier with the highest failure chances for DDT adoption is
the lack of organisational willingness to invest in digital marketing (O4). These barriers
must be addressed to pave the way for DDT adoption and innovation in the Australian
real estate sector and move towards smart real estate.

A common avenue to enable adoption of technologies and practices by small-scale producers is by means of farmer clusters. These are achieved by building networks and partnerships between farmers and other actors within the supply chain. This paper examines the role that farmer clusters play in the adoption of practices and technologies by shrimp farmers in Vietnam. Understanding the decisions that lead to adoption is important because these have a key impact on sustainable land use in aquaculture. We report on two complementary studies that test the role of farmer clusters in accessing different sources of knowledge and the trust associated with each of the knowledge sources. First, a survey (N = 193) tested the relationship between cluster membership and adoption, and showed that shrimp farmers who are members of farmer clusters are more likely to adopt three types of pond management practices (i.e. water quality management, feed input, and disease control practices). Furthermore, frequency of interaction with, and trust related to, key stakeholder actors could partly explain this relationship. Second, focus group discussions further zoomed into the dynamics that underlie the adoption of technologies and practices by cluster farmers and non-cluster farmers, respectively. We found that input retailers, buyers and hatcheries were only valued for their input on specific products and issues, but not trusted, as the information always needed being verified through testing by, amongst others, neighbors. Consequently, trust relations with these actors can be described as strongly calculative. Farmer clusters increase trust and tighten relationships between members. As a result, members trust each other when verifying information or sharing knowledge acquired from less trusted sources. On the basis of these results, we argue that reliance on existing farmer networks (i.e. clusters) is a viable tool to improve adoption of sustainable technologies and achieve land use planning objectives. Further implications for research and policy are discussed.

For understanding the place of income in smartphone diffusion, this paper aims to find out the dependence of smartphone market indicators on income level worldwide and in the developing economies. The strength of the relationship between above-mentioned variables identifies the speed of smartphone diffusion influenced by income. For current purposes, secondary data from 189 countries were analyzed by using Hierarchical Cluster Analysis and Chi-square analysis. The results confirmed that income level influences smartphone purchase and
diffusion. However, the strength of the relationship between income and smartphone market indicators is diverse globally and in developing countries. In developing countries, the strength of the relationship is smaller in comparison with the overall results. It means that income level has weak moderating effect in smartphonediffusion, and it cannot be considered as a key indicator of smartphone diffusion in developing countries according to results of the analysis in 2016 and the arithmetic mean of 2013-2017 years.

This study aims to predict the level of international tourists' intention to use MTG in the context of Thai national parks, and investigates the roles of mobile design qualities (content quality, appearance quality, and interaction quality) through perceived usefulness and perceived ease-of-use on intention. The mixed-method using exploratory sequential design is the research method. The qualitative approach is started in the first stage then quantitative approach is analysed the large sample size. This study extends the TAM2 with mobile design qualities. The results shows the high level of international tourist' intention to use MTG. It indicates that the international tourists will intent to the mobile tourism guide (MTG), if the MTG is provided for them. The direct factors of tourists' intention are perceived usefulness, perceived ease-of-use, mobile content quality and mobile appearance quality. The most direct effect is mobile content quality. The qualities of content and appearance have the positive roles on perceived usefulness, while the qualities of appearance and interaction have the indirect effects through perceived ease-of-use on tourists' intention. The proposed model provides the body of knowledge in the context of MTG, especially the factors of international tourists' intention to use MTG.

تجارت دردنیای امروز با رقابت شدید نوع نیاز مشتریان تعهدات و ... تشریح می شود درنتیجه تجارتنیازمند اداره کردن با کارایی و قابلیت اعتماد بالا است ارایه خدمات جهانی در بنگاه اقتصادیدر وضعیتی که کارایی می تواند مبنای رقابت با سایر رقیبان دردنیا باشد حائز اهمیت می باشد پس در دنیای کنونی مشتری در موقعیتی قرار دارد که می تواند به آسانی محصولی را که بهترین کیفیت قیمت مناسبی دارد انتخاب کند درنتیجه بنگاه اقتصادی سازمان باید تولید و تحویل مطمئن با بیشترین اثربخشی برای درخواشت مشتریان داشته باشد یکی از اهداف مهم درمدیریت زنجیره تامین شناسایی و ردیابی کالا از زمان تولید تا مصرف است به عبارتی این فرایند می تواند به وسیله بارکد و یا سایر وسایل شناسایی صورت پذیرد یکی از این ابزارها ردیابی فرکانس رادیویی RFID، است با استفاده از این فرایند کارایی مدیریت زنجیره تامین را می توان بهبود داد

Across industries, firms have adopted e-business initiatives to better manage their internal business processes as well as their interfaces with the environment. In this study, a unified framework that captures the antecedents of e-business adoption, adoption intensity, and performance outcomes is proposed and empirically tested using data collected from senior managers in four technology-intensive industries. Applying a framework that captures

This Impact Report identifies and summarises the diverse impacts, resulting from the £500m of UK funding of Science and Technology in 2013, using numerous quantitative metrics and short case study extracts.  It shows how the varied impacts of a national science and technology organization and its many funded programmes can be annually identified, captured, tracked, and summarised in a public document.

The report was produced for, and by, the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) -  the UK Research Council responsible for funding: (1) all UK astronomy, particle and nuclear physics research, (2) related UK science and technology facilities (e.g. as Harwell and Daresbury), (3) the UK contribution to international science (e.g. CERN, international telescopes and space missions), (4) innovation and business spin-off programmes, and (5) UK public engagement activities.

The Report was co-researched and co-authored by the STFC Impact Team, including myself while Impact Evaluation Manager in 2013, with Dr. Claire Dougan-McCallie (lead author/Head of Impact) and Jenny Beard, with additional input from senior managers, and many data and case study contributions from other key managers across STFC.

Varied key impacts are identified and reported including:

• Research amongst the best (by citation impact) in astronomy, nuclear and particle physics.
• Supported research of 226 Principal Investigators in 70 universities, led to 1,100 peer-reviewed papers in 2012.
• Facilities (the Diamond Light Source, ISIS and CLF) were used in 2012/13 by over 4,200 unique users , in over 2,400 experiments, producing over 1,000 papers in peer-reviewed journals.

• Technology from CERN benefited the UK economy by over £100 billion every year.
• Funding the development of the UK’s space, internet and computer animation industries, returned over £500 billion to the UK economy per annum.
• Funded Innovation Campuses hosted over 230 enterprises and supported over 5,000 jobs.
• UK industry won £43 million in contracts from the international subscriptions funded, and had accumulated a total of £150 million since 2005.

• Funded research inspired future generations to study STEM subjects, attracting 90% of UK undergraduates to study physics, funded 782 PhD students  and 16,800 student training days.
• Between 2009 to 2012 public engagement programmes engaged people on 58 million occasions, with 2 million people engaged in face-to-face activities in 2013 alone.

Rice-prawn gher (RPG) farming system is an indigenous agricultural technology solely developed by farmers since mid 1980s. The present study aims to estimate the land productivity of modern varieties (MV) paddy production under RPG and (year-round modern varieties) YRMV paddy farming systems in the southwest Bangladesh. The RPG farming system has significant impacts on inputs used in MV boro paddy production. The findings of the study indicate that more chemical fertilizers were used in per ha MV boro paddy production under YRMV paddy farming in comparison with RPG farming. Similarly, per ha cost of irrigation, pesticides and land preparation were also higher in MV boro paddy production under YRMV paddy farming system compared to RPG farming system. The inputs usage for MV boro paddy production under two farming systems showed statistically significant difference with each others. Although fewer inputs were being used in MV boro paddy production under RPG farming system, yield was h...

Widespread lockdowns across the globe during Covid-19 outbreak forced the universities to abruptly adopt full-online distance learning. Such unprecedented abrupt adoption requires a degree of student readiness to ensure the success of distance learning delivery. However, prior research about student readiness of e-Learning adoption is still limited to discussing proactive adoption in normal conditions. To address this issue, this study investigated the factors that affect the student's perceived readiness for abrupt distance learning adoption. By applying Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) using the Partial Least Square algorithm, this study found that self-competence, comfort with e-Learning, uncertainty avoidance, financial ability, and technological facilitating conditions are factors that significantly affect student's perceived readiness. Based on this finding, faculties are recommended to be an early adopter of e-Learning, to provide an e-Learning platform with excellent usability and effective instructional design for the students, to provide clear instructions for both students and instructors, and to provide needed resources (e.g. internet connection) to the students. Moreover, future studies could be focused on lecturers' or faculties' readiness for abrupt distance learning adoption.