Michael M Nikoletseas

Parmenides is aware of Heraclitus' thought, he
agrees with it, casts it in poetic form and in his own
terms, but without changing its essence. What has
kept such awareness from surfacing, must, in my
estimate, be sought in the circumstances of
miscasting the Parmenidean “eon” into shady
ontological domains and, secondly, in classicists’
relative ignorance of natural science concepts and
practices. The novelty of Heraclitus’ (and
Parmenides’) vision for a science of physics was
such that the two thinkers were not understood even
by Plato and Aristotle.

The nose and mouth are considered the major sites of entry for SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19). Additional sites are the eyes, ears, and any opening in the body anatomical or due to trauma. Transport of the virus to the lungs as well as other organs may take place via the respiratory tubes, vessels, fascial planes, or retrograde and anterograde axonal transport. This book lays out these sites and routes in detail. This book provides useful information for the practicing physician and researcher. The general reader may use this information in planning better prophylactic measures.

Written by a US professor of Medicine, this book explores in detail neuronal and non-neuronal loci of viral infection as well as paths and transport mechanisms.A pseudo quantal hypothesis is proposed, according to which progress of the disease is in part determined by the involvement of the nervous system..
COVID-19 LOCI OF INFECTION: transport pathways and mechanisms
Paperback, published in USA 26-5-2020
ISBN: 9781087885742
Global distribution

Written by a medical anatomist / neurophysiologist, this book explores in detail neuronal and non-neuronal loci of viral infection as well as  paths and transport mechanisms. Paperback, published in USA 26-5-2020
ISBN: 9781087885742
Global distribution

https://www.amazon.com/Covid-19-Loci-Infection-transport-mechanisms/dp/1087885744/ref=sr_1_4?dchild=1&keywords=nikoletseas+michael&qid=1591258272&sr=8-4

Read the book that was blocked in amazon books! In this book a US professor of medicine relates the drama of his desperate struggle to inform the authorities of a fatal omission in the current prevention guidelines against COVID-19. The scientific evidence for his alert is also included. Read how you can protect your self

.https://books.google.gr/books/about/COVID_19_ANTHROPOCIDE_Manslaughter_or_Mu.html?id=AxPbDwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y

An analysis of the poem of Parmenides from a natural science perspective shows that it is based on Heraclitus book. Imagery, philosophy, and even words were borrowed from Heraclitus. The new picture that emerges warrants the conclusion that Parmenides paraphrased Heraclitus in verse.

This is a new reading of Heraclitus by a natural scientist who challenges the traditional view of Heraclitus as the philosopher of flux. A parallel analysis of Heraclitus and Parmenides removes the alleged enigmas and obscurity of their thought, and reveals groundbreaking epistemological thinking. Heraclitus work is simply an epistemological essay, an essay on method in natural science.

A novel reading of Parmenides' poem by a natural scientist. The author challenges the traditional ontological interpretation of the poem. Evidence is presented in support of an alternative thesis which views the poem as an epistemological essay on method in natural science.

In this book, the author presents a novel thesis regarding apophatic philosophy. He traces the roots of "De Mystica Theologia" by Dionysius Areopagite (pseudo Dionysius) in the poem of Parmenides "peri physeos". As a secondary theme, the author explores the ineffable in Greek philosophy.

Written by a natural scientist, this book is an essay on universal consciousness, which the author explores using a comparative approach borrowed from the neurosciences and Physics. A super sentient being, God is relative to a level of organization and is necessarily hidden for sentient beings of lower levels.

The Iliad is about "klea andron", the glorious and terrible deeds of men in relation to other men, the raw content of the soul of man, but not of woman. It is a vast lagoon of dream fragments of the male unconscious, haunted with eternal shadows that compete, strut, fight, kill and rape, and above all seek the approval of other men.

In this book, I have traced the history of the Iliad from papyrus, to parchment, to paper, to e-book. 
Next, I have looked critically into the first ten lines of Book 1 of the Iliad in the Latin, French, Greek (vernacular), and lastly English translations, beginning with the first translations of Hall, and Chapman. New translations of passages recovered from papyri and parchment, done by the present author, are included. Lastly, a theory of translation of poetry is attempted.

This is a truly ground breaking analysis of Homer's Iliad. The author, a natural scientist, embarks on a journey through this eternal masterpiece employing an arsenal of conceptual tools from Anthropology (ethnology), Ethology, Psychoanalysis, Neuroscience, and Philosophy. A terrifying and at the same time tender look into the darkness of the male soul. Seldom has Homer emerged so majestic and insightful.

The male totem has been energizing and guiding males, and civilization, through the ages; this has been the backbone of history. In our times, the male totem is riding majestically across all continents, staging the same act it staged in the Iliad and in klepht songs. It is alarming that while this majestic and horrific eternal torrent has been shaping civilization across the face of the earth, narrow-minded political science and sociological analyses proliferate in ignorance.

Learn the concepts of elementary and advanced Statistics. Understand the mathematical operations so that you can function as a scientist without depending on formulas. This book is directed to students and  researchers and scholars in Philosophy of Science.

Systematic study of atoms in a natural setting in which recurrent generation of energy (mV), graded rise in magnitude and return (partial or complete) to baseline, is observed, may aid in the construction of models, physical or mathematical, of the current climate crisis. In a simplified description of this setting, we may state that ions of Na, K, Cl, Ca atoms, differentially distributed across a semi permeable layer consisting of proteins and lipids, results in changes in the recorded potential.

Systematic study of atoms in a natural setting in which recurrent generation of energy (mV), graded rise in magnitude and return (partial or complete) to baseline, is observed, may aid in the construction of models, physical or mathematical, of the current climate crisis. In a simplified description of this setting, we may state that ions of Na, K, Cl, Ca atoms, differentially distributed across a semi permeable layer consisting of proteins and lipids, results in changes in the recorded potential.

Androussa (Ανδρούσα) is a village in southwestern Peloponnese in the prefecture of Messinia,18km northwest of Calamata. The name figures prominently in documents of the 13 th century onward. Although a small village it is mentioned on Sunday service of the Greek Orthodox Church in the apolitikion of the episcope along with Methoni and Koroni, the two important ports of the Frankish and Turkish periods. Androussa was one of the important towns in the Frankish and Turkish Morea (Peloponnese).

In this brief communication I review the basic anatomy of the nervous circuitry of respiration and point to physiological events relevant to viral infections namely axonal transport. Lastly, I propose possible clinical interventions based on spatio-temporal parameters of this circuitry.
UPDATE: COVID-19 LOCI OF INFECTION: transport pathways and mechanisms
Paperback, published in USA 26-5-2020
ISBN: 9781087885742
Global distribution

A recent study reported that 19.7%  of Covid-19 patients in Wuhan China suffered cardiac injury which in turn was a risk factor contributing to death. This finding has raised vivid interest in the medical community worldwide. The mechanism and details of the association of cardiac injury and Covid-19 are not known. The present short report proposes an anatomical connection between the two, that of retropharyngeal space.
UPDATE: COVID-19 LOCI OF INFECTION: transport pathways and mechanisms
Paperback, published in USA 26-5-2020
ISBN: 9781087885742
Global distribution

A recent study reported that 19.7% of Covid-19 patients in Wuhan China suffered cardiac injury which in turn was a risk factor contributing to death. This finding has raised vivid interest in the medical community worldwide. The mechanism and details of the association of cardiac injury and Covid-19 are not known. The present short report proposes an anatomical connection between the two, that of retropharyngeal space. The retropharyngeal space is potential space between the alar fascia and buccopharyngeal fascia in the cervical area continuing as 'danger space' into the posterior mediastimum as far as the diaphragm. Known long before imaging, it is distinguishable on CT or MRI in case of fluid accumulation as a result of infection. Such infection may spread to the carotid sheath (carotid artery, jugular vein, glossopharyngeal, vagus, spinal accessory cranial nerves) superiorly, and inferiorly via the danger space to the posterior mediastinum as far as the diaphragm, thus potentially affecting the heart Bacterial and viral retropharyngeal infections are known to occur in children but also adults. There is an association between viral upper respiratory infections and retropharyngeal infections. It is also known that cute myocardial infarction can be precipitated by acute respiratory infections, As in the case of Covid-19 patients, retropharyngeal infections occur more frequently in males. It is worth investigating a possible association between retropharyngeal infections and Covid-19. In a recent communication (), I proposed that the ear may be a so-far-neglected entry of coronavirus: external acoustic meatus-tympanic membrane-middle ear-Eustachian tube-nasopharynx-larynx-trachea-lungs, and alerted WHO and governmental health agencies of the deficiency in the current prevention guidelines. The ear-lungs path my explain anosmia and loss of taste, the latter because of involvement of chorda tympani in the middle ear. As the urgency of the catastrophic pandemic that we are in does not permit academic publication etiquette I hasten to communicate these proposals: 1. The current prevention guidelines should be urgently revised to include protection and disinfection of the outer ear. 2. Attention should be paid to possible involvement of retropharyngeal space in Covid-19 heart and lung pathology.
UPDATE: COVID-19 LOCI OF INFECTION: transport pathways and mechanisms
Paperback, published in USA 26-5-2020
ISBN: 9781087885742
Global distribution

The reported disturbances in taste in COVID-19  patients points to the ear as a  possible entry of coronavirus on its way to the lungs: external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane, middle ear, Eustachian tube, nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs. The presumed barrier of tympanic membrane is in fact not a barrier. Firstly,  in a percentage of people there is patency (opening) either genetically or as a result of trauma.
COVID-19 LOCI OF INFECTION: transport pathways and mechanisms
Paperback, published in USA 26-5-2020
ISBN: 9781087885742
Global distribution

This is a brief report the purpose of which is to inform the appropriate agencies (e. g. WHO, CDC and governmental health departments worldwide) of a serious omission in the published  prevention measures against the COVID-19  pandemic. The current list of personal hygiene measures  includes hand-washing and avoidance of touching three of the head openings (ostia, orifices, or other): mouth,  nose, and eyes. This list omits another most important opening, that of the ear. This omission  is even more serious  since the ear is known to be associated with upper respiratory infections.
UPDATE: COVID-19 LOCI OF INFECTION: transport pathways and mechanisms
Paperback, published in USA 26-5-2020
ISBN: 9781087885742
Global distribution

The omission of the ear-pharynx- larynx-lungs route will cause coronavirus infection in millions of people. I therefore recommend that WHO, CDC and all governmental health agencies worldwide to urgently revise their prophylactic recommendation to include the ear. Such prophylaxis may include ear plugs where possible, and frequent disinfection of the ear opening (external acoustic meatus) with 4% alcool borique (not to be used in case of TM perforation or patency).
UPDATE: COVID-19 LOCI OF INFECTION: transport pathways and mechanisms
Paperback, published in USA 26-5-2020
ISBN: 9781087885742
Global distribution

1. Intracellular recording, antidromic activation, and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) injection techniques were employed to characterize the receptive-field properties and morphology of the superior collicular (SC) neurons in the hamster that projected to the lateral posterior nucleus (LP) or the dorsal lateral geniculate body (LGNd). 2. Twenty-three tecto-LP and 21 tecto-LGNd cells were successfully characterized, filled with HRP, and recovered. Additional physiological information was obtained from four tecto-LP and five tecto-LGNd neurons in which HRP injections did not completely label the cell, but did provide information as to the laminar location of the soma. Recovered neurons were classified as wide-field or narrow-field vertical cells, marginal cells, stellate cells, or horizontal cells on the basis of their soma-dendritic morphology. They were categorized as stationary responsive (SR), movement sensitive (MV), or directionally selective (DS) on the basis of their physiological responses (3, 37). 3. The somas of the recovered tecto-LP cells were located, with two exceptions, in, or near, the borders of the stratum opticum (SO). Tecto-LGNd neurons, with two exceptions, had their cell bodies in the upper one-half of the stratum griseum superficiale (SGS). Fifty-two percent of the recovered tecto-LP cells were wide-field vertical cells, 22% were narrow-field vertical cells, 13% were stellate cells, 9% were horizontal cells, and 4% could not be classified according to the scheme that we employed. Twenty-four percent of the recovered tecto-LGNd cells were marginal cells, 24% were stellate cells, 38% were narrow-field vertical cells, 5% were horizontal cells, 5% were wide-field vertical cells, and 5% could not be classified. The difference between the distributions of morphological cell types that contributed to the tecto-LGNd and tecto-LP pathways was statistically significant (chi 2 = 15.8, P less than 0.01). 4. Sixty-seven percent of the tecto-LP cells had MV receptive fields, 11% were DS, 7% had SR fields, and 15% were unresponsive. The distribution of receptive-field types for tecto-LGNd cells was somewhat different: 54% had SR fields, 15% were MV, 19% were DS, 4% were somatosensory, 4% were unresponsive, and 4% were incompletely classified. These differences between tecto-LP and tecto-LGNd cells were statistically significant (chi 2 = 18.4, P less than 0.001). The strongest correlation between morphology and receptive-field type was observed for the wide-field vertical cells that projected to LP. All but one of these had MV receptive fields.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

The experiments described in this report were designed to determine whether changing the somatosensory representation in the deep laminae of the hamster's superior colliculus would result in a corresponding reorganization in the visual map in the overlying superficial layers. The somatosensory representation was altered by transecting the infraorbital (IO) nerve on the day of birth. This trigeminal branch supplies, among other targets, the snout and mystacial vibrissa follicles. These peripheral structures compose a major portion of the somatosensory representation in the deep collicular laminae. The effects of these lesions were assessed in anatomical and physiological experiments when the animals reached adulthood.Retrograde tracing with true blue demonstrated a 48% reduction in the number of trigeminocollicular neurons in the partially deafferented subnucleus interpolaris (the main source of trigeminal input to the rodent colliculus–e.g., Killackey and Erzurumlu: J. Comp. Neurol. 201:221–242, '81), but anterograde tracing with horseradish peroxidase (CHRP) and wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated HRP showed that the terminal field of the trigeminocollicular projection from the deafferented subnucleus was essentially normal. This pathway terminated as a series of patches along the border between the stratum griseum intermediate and stratum album intermedium and encompassed approximately 75% of the rostrocaudal extent of the colliculus.The electrophysiological experiments revealed a marked change in somatosensory collicular topography. There was an underrepresentation of the vibrissae and the entire IO peripheral field in the deep laminae of the nerve-damaged animals, and neurons with trigeminal ophthalmic and mandibular receptive fields were recorded from portions of the colliculus in which only whisker-sensitive neurons would be normally isolated. There were no corresponding changes in the organization of the visual representation.These results support the conclusion that the organization of the visual representation in the superficial laminae and the organization of the somatosensory map in the deep layers of the mammalian superior colliculus follow independent developmental programs.

Anterograde tracing with Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) was employed to describe the projection from the superficial to the deep layers of the hamster's superior colliculus (SC). Deposits of PHA-L in the stratum griseum superficiale (SGS) resulted in labelled terminal swellings in the stratum opticum and all of the deep laminae (the stratum griseum intermediate [SGI], stratum album intermedium [SAI], stratum griseum profundum [SGP], and stratum album profundum [SAP]). Labelled terminals were also visible in the periaqueductal gray (PAG). Reconstructions of individual axons showed that many collaterals in the deep laminae arose from axons that projected to targets outside the colliculus.The projection from the superficial to the deep laminae had a loose topographic organization, and the trajectories of interlaminar axons were generally deflected laterally from “projection” lines that were orthogonal to the SC surface. Physiological recording and receptive field mapping were used to determine actual projection lines, which connect neurons in the superficial and deep layers that have receptive fields with the same elevation. These projection lines closely matched the trajectory of the pathway from the superficial to the deep laminae.

Extracellular and intracellular recording, receptive field mapping, and intracellular HRP injection techniques were used to define the morphological classes of cells in the deep laminae of the hamster's superior colliculus and to determine whether there are any correlations between the structural and functional characteristics of these neurons. A total of 110 neurons were characterized and reconstructed. Of these, 23.6% (N = 26) were visual, 60% (N = 66) were somatosensory, 0.9% (N = 1) were bimodal (visual-somatosensory), and 15.4% (N = 17) were unresponsive. Of the somatosensory neurons, 72.7% (N = 48) were low threshold, 4.5% (N = 3) had a wide dynamic range, 9.1% (N = 6) responded only to noxious stimulation, and 13.6% (N = 9) had complex somatosensory receptive fields.Deep layer cells were divided into eight morphological classes. These classes were multipolar cells (26.4%, N = 29), bipolar cells (9.1%, N = 10), widefield vertical cells (7.3%, N = 8), horizontal cells (13.6%, N = 15), stellate cells (10.9%, N = 12), ventrally directed cells (5.5%, N = 6), sparse radial cells (17.3%, N = 19), and small sparse radial cells (6.4%, N = 7). Four cells (3.6%) did not fit into this classification scheme. Univariate and multivariate analyses of variance of properties such as soma area, number of branch points, total dendritic length, and volume and orientation of dendritic arbor indicated that these classes were significantly different. However, X2 analysis and multivariate analysis of variance indicated no significant relationships between morphological class and either laminar location or receptive field type. There was a significant positive relationship between the possession of dendrites that extended into the superficial laminae and visual responsivity. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Intracellular recording and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) injection techniques were used to evaluate the effects of neonatal enucleation upon the structural and functional properties of cells in the superficial retinorecipient laminae of the hamster's superior colliculus (SC). The physiological recordings confirmed previous results that normally visual superficial layer neurons develop somatosensory receptive fields in the enucleated animals. This study further showed that all of the physiological subclasses of somatosensory neurons normally encountered in the deep layers were present in the superficial laminae. With the exception of marginal cells, all of the morphological classes of neurons in the superficial SC laminae of sighted hamsters (narrowfield vertical cells, widen eld vertical cells, stellate cells, horizontal cells, and giant stellate cells) were recovered from the blinded animals. Quantitative comparison of neurons within a given morphological class demonstrated only slight differences between cells from blind and sighted hamsters. However, there was a significant reduction in the percentage of neurons with dorsally directed dendrites in the neonatally enucleated animals. Additional experiments with the Golgi technique also demonstrated that neonatal enucleation altered the distribution of morphological cell types in the superficial SC laminae. These results suggest that enucleation in the hamster may result in relative reductions in specific cell types in the superficial SC laminae rather than dendritic changes in all of the cell classes present in these layers.

Abstract

Contrary to the current model based on Mayer's work, increasing levels of exercise does not lead to caloric compensation in the male rat. While female rats show compensatory hyperphagia in response to forced or spontaneous exercise male rats do not. These conclusions apply only to studies employing premixed chow. The kind of exercise (e.g. running vs burrowing) may also affect feeding differentially.

Megalou, E. V.; Kyropoulou, C. N.; Maniatakou, E. I.; Nikoletseas, M. M., 2000: Inhibition of delay in trace and delay conditioning of the branchial defensive reflex in the goldfish. Society For Neuroscience Abstracts. 26(1-2): Abstract No.-843.7
The present study examined the development of inhibition of delay in trace and delay classical conditioning. We conditioned the Branchial Defensive Reflex (BDR) which is defined as modification of the goldfish respiratory baseline upon stimulation. The conditioned stimulus (CS) was light flashing at 5Hz (107 lumens) and the unconditioned stimulus (US) was electriacl shook (50mA, 50ms). The unconditioned stimulus (US) was electrical shock (50mA, 50ms). The interstimulus interval was 8s and the intertrial interval was 2min. Four groups of fish were used. Group 1 (n=5) received 15 acquisition trials and group 2 (n=5) 30 trials in a delay conditioning paradigm. Group 3 (n=5) received 15 acquisition trials and group 4 (n=5) 30 trials in a trace conditioning paradigm (CS 5s). An explicitly unpaired group served as control. Fifteen extinction trials followed training. All four groups showed classical conditioning of BDR (p<0.05), as indexed by CR magnitude. However, there was an increase in the peak CR latency only in the trace conditioning groups (p<0.001). In addition, in extinction peak CR latency decreased only in the trace conditioning groups(p<0.05). Our data suggest that the CR was under the control of the time interval beginning at CS offset and terminating the US onset and not the light. We conclude that inhibition of delay is a function of discrimination between the light stimulus and the interval following that.

Kyriakatos, A. G.; Nanou, E. C.; Matsas, R.; Nikoletseas, M. M., 2002: Effects of rehabituation on spontaneous dissipation of excitation in a dishabituation paradigm of the branchial defensive reflex in the goldfish. Society For Neuroscience Abstract Viewer & Itinerary Planner: Abstract 281.20,.
In this experiment we studied the rate of dissipation of shock induced dishabituation in the BDR, defined as any modulation in the respiratory baseline upon stimulation. Two groups (n=5) received 15 presentations of a flashing light (5s, 5Hz, 107 lumens) at an ITI of 1 min. The dishabituating stimulus was an electric shock (50ms, 30x50mA) delivered 1 min after the last habituation trial. To test for dishabituation, we used the same stimulus as in habituation 3.5min after the shock presentation. Group 1(G1) received another test with the same testing stimulus 4 min after the first test while Group 2 (G2) received 4 rehabituation trials at an ITI of 1 min. The rehabituation stimulus in G2 was the same as the habituation and test stimulus. Results show that all animals were habituated (p<0.05) and dishabituated in the first test trial (p<0.05). In addition, there was a significant decrease of response magnitude from the first test trial to the second test and to the last rehabituation trial in G1 and G2 respectively (p<0.05). Finally, the percent decline of the response magnitude in G2 was greater than that of G1 (p<0.05). This indicates that the dissipation of the dishabituated response magnitude is determined both by the spontaneous dissipation of shock induced excitation as well as the habituation induced inhibition. We conclude that, the decline in the dishabituated response is a function of dissipation of excitation over time as well as the inhibition generated by rehabituation.

Systematic study of atoms in a natural setting in which recurrent generation of energy (mV), graded rise in magnitude and return (partial or complete) to baseline, is observed, may aid in the construction of models, physical or mathematical, of the current climate crisis. In a simplified description of this setting, we may state that ions of Na, K, Cl, Ca atoms, differentially distributed across a semi permeable layer consisting of proteins and lipids, results in changes in the recorded potential.

Athos is a peninsula in Greek Macedonia where the homonymous monastic community of twenty main monasteries and many secondary entities reside. It is an autonomous polity within the Greek Republic under the direct jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. Its status has been defined by Byzantine Chrysobulls (decrees) as well as more recent international documents. The "avaton", "no pass", for women has been in effect for  centuries. Although it has been violated on several occasions, women have not been allowed on monasteries or the peninsula. Now that Greece is a member of the European Union legal challenges of the “avaton.” have emerged on the basis of equal rights.

The impending climatic crisis has been officially declared. In many parts of the planet, it appears that it has already been unfolding. While several disciplines in the natural sciences have produced impressive amounts of hard data from measurement of physical phenomena, and mathematical sciences have provided mathematical support in processing these data not only statistically but also in devising models, concepts from the biological science have not, to my knowledge been exploited to any appreciable degree.

In the last two years I have been proposing the"threshold model" regarding the impending climatic crisis.. It is wrong to expect a linear progression of the disasters we have been observing When the threshold point will be reached, an explosive, totally unpredictable, and impossible for science to comprehend catastrophe will engulf the earth Most living creatures, including humans and plants will vanish in a very brief period of time, as short as even days. It foolish and tragic to speak of restoring the damages caused by fires. There is no time! The threshold model is based on neurophysiologic events, which are fully understood at the chemical and physiological levels. Mathematical equations also describe these phenomena. I invite comments.

In the last two years I have been proposing the"threshold model" regarding the impending climatic crisis.. It is wrong to expect a linear progression of the disasters we have been observing When the threshold point will be reached, an explosive, totally unpredictable, and impossible for science to comprehend catastrophe will engulf the earth Most living creatures, including humans and plants will vanish in a very brief period of time, as short as even days. It foolish and tragic to speak of restoring the damages caused by fires. There is no time! The threshold model is based on neurophysiologic events, which are fully understood at the chemical and physiological levels. Mathematical equations also describe these phenomena. I invite comments.

Truth , as regards empirical phenomena, is simply and perhaps finally defined in Statistics and natural science. Any statement regarding a finding, the occurrence of a natural phenomenon, is followed by a probability statement : what is the probability that an event occurring under defined circumstances  may be a chance event. This probability is expressed as p<0.05 or p>0.05 or p<0.01 or other.

Mount Athos or Agion Oros (Holy Mountain) is a peninsula in Chalkidiki, Greece. The term also refers to the monastic community of Christian Orthodox monks. It is known for the austere mode life and its t reassures of medieval art as well as ancient and medieval codices and books. For centuries, monks of Mt Athos have written books on religious themes, the life of saints and saintly deceased monks (gerontikon). In more recent times a number of monks are highly educated, some of them university professors of Theology. The quality of some of the written works of these educated monks, mostly in Theology and Philosophy, to my knowledge, has not been evaluated by non theologian scholars. Also, little is known of monk authors of books of literary merit. In addition to scholar monks, monks with little education have written books on the lives of saints as well as deceased monks of extraordinary monastic virtue. These humble books need to be reviewed for their literary merit. It is very likely that, one day, may be recognized as great works of Literature. I have undertaken this project of identifying and evaluating such works of Athonite monks. I am opening a session here at academia.edu and ask for your participation and assistance.

The current prevention guidelines against coronavirus that alert for protection of the three openings of the head (eyes, nose, ear) are incomplete. Leaving the ears uncovered provides a direct pathway for the virus to the lungs. The presumed barrier of tympanic membrane is in fact not a barrier. Firstly, in a percentage of people there is patency (opening) either genetically or as a result of trauma. Unfortunately, there are no adequate statistics on the patency of the tympanic membrane. Secondly, there have been studies that reported active as well as mechanical transport across the tympanic membrane.
UPDATE: COVID-19 LOCI OF INFECTION: transport pathways and mechanisms
Paperback, published in USA 26-5-2020
ISBN: 9781087885742
Global distribution

This is a brief report the purpose of which is to inform the appropriate agencies (e. g. WHO, CDC and governmental health departments worldwide) of a serious omission in the published  prevention measures against the COVID-19  pandemic. The current list of personal hygiene measures  includes hand-washing and avoidance of touching three of the head openings (ostia, orifices, or other): mouth,  nose, and eyes. This list omits another most important opening, that of the ear. This omission  is even more serious  since the ear is known to be associated with upper respiratory infections.
UPDATE: COVID-19 LOCI OF INFECTION: transport pathways and mechanisms
Paperback, published in USA 26-5-2020
ISBN: 9781087885742
Global distribution

I urgently invite medical doctors and researchers to evaluate my proposal for a revision of prophylactic measures against coronavirus. I am a retired medical anatomist.
UPDATE: COVID-19 LOCI OF INFECTION: transport pathways and mechanisms
Paperback, published in USA 26-5-2020
ISBN: 9781087885742
Global distribution

This is an brief report the purpose of which is to inform the appropriate agencies (e.g. WHO, CDC and governmental health departments worldwide) of a serious omission in the published  prophylactic measures against the COVID-19  pandemic. The current list of personal hygiene measures  includes hand-washing and avoidance of touching three of the head openings (ostia, orifices, or other): mouth,  nose, eyes. This list omits another most important opening, the ear. This is even more important an omission since the ear is known to be associated with upper respiratory infections