Michal Wasilewski

This article presents a double burial from Czulice indicating elements of the Hunnic culture. Individual I, aged 7–9, and Individual II, aged 8–9 with a skull deformation, were both genetically identified as boys. Individual II, who exhibited genetic affinity to present day Asian populations, was equipped with gold and silver items. In contrast, Individual I displayed European ancestry. The application of strontium isotope analysis shed light on the origins of the individuals. Individual I was non-local, while Individual II was identified as a local, but also falling within the range commonly associated with the Pannonian Plain. Stable isotope analysis suggested a diet consisting of inland resources. Through radiocarbon dating, this burial was determined to date back to the years 395–418 CE, making it the earliest grave of its kind discovered in Poland. The analyses have provided new insights into the nature of the relationship between the Huns and the local inhabitants.

Digital guide to Southern Jordan is prepared to offer you a journey through an extraordinary region, full of archaeological treasures and breathtaking landscapes. A region where you will meet hospitable and smiling residents, and through their stories you will have opportunity to explore the traditions and history of Southern Jordan.

Our guide is also the only comprehensive website dedicated to Polish scientific research conducted in Jordan. On the following pages you will find information about the history of Polish scientific presence in this region and information about currently conducted excavations and other research projects.

Task financed under the agreement No. 951 / P-DUN / 2018
from the funds of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education
for activities promoting science

A complex picture of the prehistory in southern Jordanian emerges from the excavations of the Jagiellonian University team, which carried out in 2018 its second season of excavation at the sites of Munqata'a and Faysaliyya, even as analyses of the previous season's finds were underway. Human communities living here between the Neolithic and early Bronze Age practiced both sedentary and mobile lifestyles. The changing landscape around them, caused by natural erosion processes and periodical climate changes, is also factored into the interpretation of the explored relics.

The HLC (Heritage-Landscape-Community) archaeological metaproject, carried out since 2016 by the Jagiellonian University in cooperation with the Department of Antiquities, Ministry of Antiquities and Tourism, Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, targets the archaeological heritage of southern Jordan (Tafila region), focusing currently on remains of the Early Bronze Age and earlier cultures that were found in the region. The project has already identified and verified several previously undocumented or poorly documented sites. Its main objective is to establish chronological phasing of human activity in this microregion, particularly during the Early Bronze Age, and to assess the scale and nature of human presence in that period. Two sites, Faysaliyya and Munqata'a, were excavated within the frame of the project. The article presents the preliminary results of this work. An important side issue is the protection of Jordanian heritage in the Tafila region through the identification of natural and human agents that may damage or destroy it.

The HLC (Heritage-Landscape-Community) archaeological metaproject, carried out since 2016 by the Jagiellonian University in cooperation with the Department of Antiquities, Ministry of Antiquities and Tourism, Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, targets the archaeological heritage of southern Jordan (Tafila region), focusing currently on remains of the Early Bronze Age and earlier cultures that were found in the region. The project has already identified and verified several previously undocumented or poorly documented sites. Its main objective is to establish chronological phasing of human activity in this microregion, particularly during the Early Bronze Age, and to assess the scale and nature of human presence in that period. Two sites, Faysaliyya and Munqata'a, were excavated within the frame of the project. The article presents the preliminary results of this work. An important side issue is the protection of Jordanian heritage in the Tafila region through the identification of natural and human agents that may damage or destroy it.

Abstract: A new archaeological project, targeted on the archaeological heritage of the At-Tafileh Directorate (southern
Jordan) has recently got underway. It is conducted by the Jagiellonian University1 in cooperation with the Department of
Antiquities (Jordanian Ministry of Antiquities and Tourism) and thanks to this cooperation, it was possible to verify or
identify a huge amount of not entirely documented or completely undocumented sites.
The project is concerned on the documentation and exploration of the sites located in the area in question. The main
scientific objective of the works is to determine the chronological phases and nature of human presence in the upper part
of the Wadis in the periods from the Stone Age to Medieval times and, in particular, to determine the scale and nature
of human presence in the micro-region. Additionally, thanks to the field prospection, many archaeological items were
collected and submitted for further analysis. This activity is also aimed at protecting Jordanian heritage against natural or
anthropogenic threats. During the field works, a large amount of lithic and ceramic artefacts were discovered along with
a collection of interesting structures of as yet unknown functions.

László Domboróczki – Anna Budek – László Daróczi-Szabó – Małgorzata Kaczanowska – Tomasz Kalicki – Edyta Kłusakiewicz – Janusz K. Kozłowski – Angela Kreuz – Péter Pomázi – Michał Wasilewski – Zsuzsanna K. Zoffmann. The topographical position and size of the site, the number of detected houses, the presence of the early phase make the Apc-Berekalja I settlement one of the most significant sites of the LBK in Hungary. The ongoing processing of the excavation data provided already some very important observations. The geoarchaeological results demonstrated the presence of the in situ soil of the Neolithic period and effects of floods on the settlement. The study of the chipped and ground stone material coming from the Neolithic features revealed no conspicuous changes in the lithic industry of the settlement from the pre-Notenkopf to Želiezovce phases of the LBK. Lithic raw materials came exclusively from territories to the east of the site, which is an evidence of the isolation of the LBK groups that inhabited Apc. Földrajzi helyzete, a lelőhely mérete, a megfigyelt házak száma és a korai fázis megléte alapján Apc-Berekalja I. az egyik legjelentősebb magyarországi VK-település. Az ásatási adatok még folya-matban lévő feldolgozása során közlésre méltó eredmények születtek. A geoarcheológiai vizsgálatok kimutatták egy neolitikus korú talaj in situ meglétét, valamint a települést sújtó áradásokat. A neolitikus korú objektumokból származó pattintott és szerszámkövek a település fennállása alatt a kőipar lényegi változatlanságáról tanúskodnak a VK korai időszakától a zselízi fázisáig. A településen élők a kőnyersanyagokat kizárólag a keletre eső területekről szerezték be, ami az itt lakó csoport izoláltságát igazolja.

This issue is exclusively devoted to the results of the Polish Scientific Expedition to Peru (PSEP) which is organized under the auspices of Rector AGH – The University of Science and Technology in Kraków. The monography presenting an initial report contains panorama of special papers of individual persons and teams.
The works are aimed at laying foundations for future national park in Peru, recognition of its natural and cultural resources: geology, landscape, living nature as well as ethnic and historical heritage, which should be protected and adequately provided for tourists. 
PSEP enriches Polish exploration of the Andes and scientific output in Peru which were described in papers of Paradowska (1985), Dembicz & Smolana (1993) and Paulo (2007). Among geographical discoveries first place should be given to Cracow Student Paddler Expedition CANOANDES (Majcherczyk et al. 1981) who pioneered in flowing down Rio Colca Canyon, measuring its dimensions, proclaiming worldwide that it is the deepest canyon of our planet and in effect made it popular target of visits. Being proud of these achievements we feel responsible for protection of outstanding environmental amenities and stimulation of sustainable development of the region, eliminating depreciatory side effects.
In 2003 A. Gałaś and A. Paulo, staff of the Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection AGH, performed a reconnaissance in the Valley of the Volcanoes (Gałaś & Paulo 2005), visited Canyon Colca, two Buenaventura gold mines, and established scientific relations with Universidad Nacional San Agustin in Arequipa (UNSA) and Instituto Geológico, Minero y Metalúrgico (INGEMMET) in Lima.
In 2004 at the same Faculty two projects were opened: research of Andahua volcanic group (A. Gałaś, A. Paulo, M. Wasilewski) and definition of geotouristic values in Canyon Colca region (M. Krzak, A. Kukuła-Góral, S. Bębenek). In 2005 M. Wasilewski alone has continued exploration for obsidiane sources for prehistoric tools found in the area.
In 2006 the circle of investigators was enlarged embracing 15 scientists from 7 centres, their scope of interests included geology, botany, culture and medicine. The team and its field activities are overwieved in this issue in paper of M. Głogowska & J. Krupa. Following papers present: infrastructure and economic development of the study area (A. Paulo & A. Gałaś), idea of nature protection (A. Paulo & A. Gałaś), geological outline (A. Paulo), geomorphology (T. Kalicki & J. Kukulak), tectonic activity (J. Żaba & Z. Małolepszy), recent volcanism (A. Gałaś), touristic values (B. Radwanek-Bąk, and M. Krzak in 2005), mineral medicine (M. Wasilewski), traditional medicine (Z. Ryn), and pioneering plants in the area (B. Cykowska & A. Flakus, K. Sobiech & M. Węgrzyn).
Year 2007 was foreseen for preliminary reporting and planning next stage of field studies. For 2008 the Spanish edition of this issue in the Boletin de la Sociedad Geográfica de Lima is intended as well as broadened geological, geomorphological and biological studies in new sectors of Colca Canyon and its envelope, and establishing closer cooperation with relevant institutions and individuals of Peru. This shall effect in presenting preliminary project of the Canyon Colca and Valley of Volcanoes National Park.
A warm welcome given to PSEP team by INGEMMET and Arequipa and provincial authorities, as well as logistic support by CM Buenaventura is greatly acknowledged. We owe much to personal engagement of late Dr. S. Dunin-Borkowski, professor and tutor of  generations of Peruvian geologists, Dr. M. Ziółkowski, professor of Arequipa and Warsaw universities, kind-hearted Arequipa citiziens Felix and Luisa Malaga and many others. Financial support of parental institutions, “Geosphere” Society, Polish-American Travelers Club and Friends of Kraków Society in New Jork facilitated organization of the expedition.

This paper briefly outlines the results of the Israeli-Polish excavations at Tel Erani, Areas D3 and N3 (Fig. 2.1) in 2013, and its major preliminary discoveries. Located on the outskirts of Qiryat Gat, Israel, this large tell is the site of one of the most important Early Bronze Age occupations in the southern Levant. Known for having yielded significant evidence of an Early Bronze Age I occupation (c. 3700–2950 BC; Yekutieli 2007, 66) with many Egyptian remains from the late predynastic period (c. 3150–2950 BCE, Brandl 1989; Yeivin 1960a), it has also yielded remains of Early Bronze II (c. 2950–2800 BCE) and Early Bronze III settlements (c. 2800–2500 BC). This multi-season project, which plans to review and synchronise newly unearthed deposits with those of earlier excavations, hopes to achieve a holistic overview of the site and the history of its earlier occupations, effectively dating them and determining the significance of the material culture they yield.

A new archaeological project, targeted on the archaeological heritage of the At-Tafileh Directorate (southern Jordan) has recently got underway. It is conducted by the Jagiellonian University1 in cooperation with the Department of Antiquities (Jordanian Ministry of Antiquities and Tourism) and thanks to this cooperation, it was possible to verify or
identify a huge amount of not entirely documented or completely undocumented sites. The project is concerned on the documentation and exploration of the sites located in the area in question. The main
scientific objective of the works is to determine the chronological phases and nature of human presence in the upper part of the Wadis in the periods from the Stone Age to Medieval times and, in particular, to determine the scale and nature of human presence in the micro-region. Additionally, thanks to the field prospection, many archaeological items were collected and submitted for further analysis. This activity is also aimed at protecting Jordanian heritage against natural or anthropogenic threats. During the field works, a large amount of lithic and ceramic artefacts were discovered along with a collection of interesting structures of as yet unknown functions.