- 115 Spyrou Araouzou
Limassol, 3036
Cyprus - +35725002137
- Tourism Management, Sustainable Tourism, Rural Tourism, Dark Tourism, Tourism Planning & Development, Tourism Impacts, and 6 moreEnvironmental Preservation through Tourism, Alterations in Urban Island Tourism Destinations, Risk and crisis management, Tourism Flows, Destination Marketing, and Tourism Sustainabilityedit
- Dr Anna Farmaki is Assistant Professor in Tourism Management in the Department of Hotel and Tourism Management at the... moreDr Anna Farmaki is Assistant Professor in Tourism Management in the Department of Hotel and Tourism Management at the Cyprus University of Technology. Prior to that, she was the course leader of the undergraduate hospitality and tourism management programme at the University of Central Lancashire, Cyprus. Dr Farmaki has received her PhD in 2011 from the Nottingham Business School, Nottingham Trent University. Her thesis, supervised by Professor Myra Shackley, focused on the diversification of the coastal tourism product of Cyprus. Her primary research interests lie in the areas of tourism planning and development and tourist behaviour. Using both qualitative and quantitative methods in her research, she completed work on an array of topics including travel motivation, destination image, sustainable tourism development and tourism governance. Recently, Dr Farmaki’s work centres on the social aspects of tourism such as the relationship between tourism and peace. Dr Farmaki has published in several high-ranked peer-reviewed academic journals and has authored/co-authored three book chapters. She is the author of a book titled “Tourism and Society: A sociological approach to the study of tourism” in publication by Ion Publishing (in Greek). Dr Farmaki is a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy, UK since 2014 and is currently the Cyprus representative in the COST Action CA16121 “From Sharing to Caring: Examining Socio-technical Aspects of the Collaborative Economy”.edit
The aim of this study is to investigate the complex effects of animosity and affinity on travel intentions. In so doing, we draw from a sample of 400 Greek holidaymakers and use complexity theory to examine the chaordic influence of... more
The aim of this study is to investigate the complex effects of animosity and affinity on travel intentions. In so doing, we draw from a sample of 400 Greek holidaymakers and use complexity theory to examine the chaordic influence of animosity and affinity on their intentions to potentially travel to Russia in the near future. Contrary to previous studies on animosity and affinity which adopted a linear analytic approach, we use fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) for the examination of the derived complex configurations. The results reveal three pathways that can influence travel intentions: (i) affinity and animosity, (ii) destination characteristics, and (iii) risk perceived animosity. Overall, the study adds to extant literature on travel decision-making at times of crisis as it examines animosity and affinity concurrently, revealing the complexity underpinning travel decisions. The study also enables destination planners to improve their crisis management and resilience plans.
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Purpose-This review paper aims to contribute to the growing literature on women empowerment in tourism by identifying knowledge gaps that may offer opportunities for further research. Design/methodology/approach-A critical review of the... more
Purpose-This review paper aims to contribute to the growing literature on women empowerment in tourism by identifying knowledge gaps that may offer opportunities for further research. Design/methodology/approach-A critical review of the literature on women empowerment in tourism was conducted. Findings-The review reveals four knowledge gaps in relation to methodology, geographical location, study context and theoretical framework adopted. Pertinent research includes mostly qualitative research with a focus on non-Western geographical locations. Studies examined women empowerment in relation to alternative tourism forms with several not adopting a theoretical framework. Based on these gaps, suggestions for further research are made. Research limitations/implications-Although this paper does not aim at providing an exhaustive review of the gender literature, it highlights the narrow focus placed on women empowerment in tourism and suggests avenues for further research. Originality/value-Women empowerment has only recently begun to attract attention in tourism. This paper adds to extant knowledge on gender tourism studies by suggesting ways to achieve gender equality for sustainable development.
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Despite the growing number of studies on women empowerment in tourism, the topic has received scant attention in the expanding sector of peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation. This paper sets out to explore the perceptions of female Airbnb... more
Despite the growing number of studies on women empowerment in tourism, the topic has received scant attention in the expanding sector of peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation. This paper sets out to explore the perceptions of female Airbnb hosts regarding the ways in which hosting on the platform contributes to their empowerment. Semi-structured interviews with 30 female hosts located in Greece were undertaken, using purposive sampling. Study findings reveal that women empowerment through hosting is achieved varyingly by female hosts, with several factors influencing the process. A framework of women empowerment through hosting is provided to illustrate the conditions, process and outcomes of women empowerment through hosting. Study findings provide significant theoretical insights which may serve as a point of departure for further research into this under-researched topic. Findings also make a practical contribution as they enable policymakers and industry practitioners to improve gender equality, which is essential for sustainable development.
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Purpose-This paper aims to provide a critical synthesis of the interface of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation to offer insights that contribute to theory and practice of CSR in hospitality.... more
Purpose-This paper aims to provide a critical synthesis of the interface of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation to offer insights that contribute to theory and practice of CSR in hospitality. Design/methodology/approach-By using key CSR models, this paper reflects on the nexus between CSR and P2P accommodation (with a focus on Airbnb) to identify opportunities and challenges with regard to CSR implementation in P2P accommodation and, thereby, progress the research agenda on the topic. Findings-This contribution will hopefully enable policymakers to improve the accountability of stakeholders related to P2P accommodation in terms of the sector's impacts on local communities while contributing to the progression of the research agenda on CSR in hospitality. Research limitations/implications-Because this contribution is meant to be a "critical reflection paper", the main purpose is to flesh out a commentary offering recommendations on how to account for CSR in relation to P2P accommodation and primarily Airbnb. As such, this paper aims to prompt future empirical research on the topic. Naturally, the major downside of this type of paper is the lack of an empirical approach. Practical implications-This paper advances theory on hospitality-related CSR, enabling policymakers to improve the stakeholders' accountability related to P2P accommodation in terms of the sector's impacts on local communities. Originality/value-Despite the increasing importance of CSR in hospitality, minimal academic attention has been paid insofar to CSR in the P2P accommodation sector. This inattention is surprising given the rapid expansion of the sector which, in turn, has imposed significant pressures on local communities.
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Despite the growing interest that scholars have paid to animosity in tourism settings, pertinent research draws mostly from tourist perspectives to examine the effects of animosity on travel-related decision-making. The aim of this study... more
Despite the growing interest that scholars have paid to animosity in tourism settings, pertinent research draws mostly from tourist perspectives to examine the effects of animosity on travel-related decision-making. The aim of this study is to explore the animosity perceptions of residents against Russian tourists who, following the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the sanctions imposed on Russia, are likely to experience intense animosity when traveling abroad. The study draws from interviews with residents based in Cyprus, a well-known island destination in the Mediterranean that is popular among Russian tourists. The study concludes that animosity within tourism settings represents a complex construct as it evolves and manifests varyingly, depending on multiple factors including media representations, passage of time from occurrence of event, previously held attitudes toward tourists, political or cultural affinity and subjective norms. The study offers a classification of resident animosity/affinity which provides theoretical and practical insights.
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Processes of responsibilisation aim to configure individuals into the governance models of digital platforms and realise versions of the sharing economy pursued by powerful platform owners. Questions are raised, however, as to whether... more
Processes of responsibilisation aim to configure individuals into the governance models of digital platforms and realise versions of the sharing economy pursued by powerful platform owners. Questions are raised, however, as to whether this is an empowering process or one that puts participants at risk. Based on a qualitative study of Airbnb hosts in Europe, we explore their understanding of their own responsibilities as emerging hospitality practitioners. Our analysis shows that hosts actively engage in professional identity work and map a practice architecture which includes a set of responsibilities. We suggest, however, that this is not by itself a sign of empowered individuals rather a reaction to the perceived shift of Airbnb's strategy towards hotelisation of hosting practice. We contribute to an understanding of responsibilisation as a critical and reactionary process.
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Processes of responsibilisation aim to configure individuals into the governance models of digital platforms and realise versions of the sharing economy pursued by powerful platform owners. Questions are raised, however, as to whether... more
Processes of responsibilisation aim to configure individuals into the governance models of digital platforms and realise versions of the sharing economy pursued by powerful platform owners. Questions are raised, however, as to whether this is an empowering process or one that puts participants at risk. Based on a qualitative study of Airbnb hosts in Europe, we explore their understanding of their own responsibilities as emerging hospitality practitioners. Our analysis shows that hosts actively engage in professional identity work and map a practice architecture which includes a set of responsibilities. We suggest, however, that this is not by itself a sign of empowered individuals rather a reaction to the perceived shift of Airbnb's strategy towards hotelisation of hosting practice. We contribute to an understanding of responsibilisation as a critical and reactionary process.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Purpose-The purpose of this study is to analyze the corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication of the Fortune top-100 companies during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Specifically, the authors examine the... more
Purpose-The purpose of this study is to analyze the corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication of the Fortune top-100 companies during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Specifically, the authors examine the messages of international companies' CSR communication to customers during the pandemic, focusing particularly on the companies' posts on Twitter. In addition to identifying what international companies communicate, the authors determine the motives of companies' COVID-19-related CSR communication as well as how companies strategically approach CSR communication. Design/methodology/approach-Using Nvivo, the authors carried out content analysis of the COVID-19related tweets of the Fortune top-100 companies using Twitter's 'advanced search' tool. The analysis included tweets posted between 1 February 2020 and September 2021, a period that represents the peak of the pandemic. Findings-Study findings indicate that COVID-19-related CSR responses of international companies are driven by commitment to organizational values, attainment of recognition for timely response to COVID-19, altruistic motives to combat COVID-19 and congruence with social movements that create expectations from customers to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. Most companies adopt a response strategy to CSR communication, by informing customers of their COVID-19 responses in relation to several issues such as alterations in companies' processes and the impacts of the pandemic on health. Practical implications-The study suggests that the CSR practices of companies should be strategically embedded in organizations' international marketing plans and not remain just on-off responses to crises should marketing-related benefits be obtained. Several recommendations are made to strengthen companies' adoption of a proactive, engagement-oriented approach to CSR communication. Originality/value-The CSR communication of international companies during external crises has not been sufficiently studied in relation to international marketing, as most studies considered internal corporate crises. Focusing on an external crisis (COVID-19 pandemic) with global impacts, this study advances existing knowledge on international companies' CSR communication to their customers. Additionally, this study offers new insights on the role of integrated, coordinated and consistent CSR messages and strategies, which are targeted to the needs and expectations of domestic and international customers in response to COVID-19 pandemic.
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Despite the rise of woke capitalism, no attention has been paid by tourism scholars on corporate wokeness as an expanding scope of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The aim of this paper is, thus, to introduce the concept of... more
Despite the rise of woke capitalism, no attention has been paid by tourism scholars on corporate wokeness as an expanding scope of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The aim of this paper is, thus, to introduce the concept of corporate wokeness in tourism scholarship and discuss the way it may be integrated within future CSR research. Specifically, the paper examines the meaning of corporate wokeness and compares and contrasts the concept to CSR in order to identify the commonalities and differences between the two. The potential effects that corporate wokeness may inflict on CSR are also discussed, with specific reference to the communication of corporate wokeness in tourism and hospitality. As such, this paper illuminates understanding of the practical implications the rise of corporate wokeness may carry and proposes an agenda for future research in order to advance knowledge on this topical issue.
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Purpose-The influence of destinations' poverty on tourism decision-making and, more precisely, destination selection has received scant attention despite the increasing importance of poverty. The purpose of this study is to examine the... more
Purpose-The influence of destinations' poverty on tourism decision-making and, more precisely, destination selection has received scant attention despite the increasing importance of poverty. The purpose of this study is to examine the combination of factors influencing tourists' destination selection in relation to developed destinations' rising poverty levels through the adoption of complexity theory. Design/methodology/approach-This study used fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to examine the combinations of factors that are significant in influencing destination selection whereas necessary condition analysis was used complementarily to evaluate the size effect of the examined conditions. Moreover, semi-structured interviews with industry stakeholders were performed to examine the relationships that describe the generated configurations.
Findings-In total, four solutions were generated: the cultural influence and poverty, the destination aspects, the poverty issues and the travel experience and poverty while qualitative data reveal that industry policymakers and practitioners hold different perceptions of tourists' destination selection process.
Research limitations/implications-Study results show that poverty perceptions influence destination selection. Hence, poverty must be considered in travel behaviour investigations beyond the developing destination context, whereas destinations may select either one or a combination of the generated sufficient configurations when deciding on their tourism development plans.
Originality/value-To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study examining the effects of developed destinations' increasing poverty levels on tourism decision-making and specifically on destination selection.
Findings-In total, four solutions were generated: the cultural influence and poverty, the destination aspects, the poverty issues and the travel experience and poverty while qualitative data reveal that industry policymakers and practitioners hold different perceptions of tourists' destination selection process.
Research limitations/implications-Study results show that poverty perceptions influence destination selection. Hence, poverty must be considered in travel behaviour investigations beyond the developing destination context, whereas destinations may select either one or a combination of the generated sufficient configurations when deciding on their tourism development plans.
Originality/value-To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study examining the effects of developed destinations' increasing poverty levels on tourism decision-making and specifically on destination selection.
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Purpose-Following Airbnb's recent turn to the luxury market, this paper aims to explore how Airbnb hosts construct meanings of luxury as enacted in their hosting practices. Design/methodology/approach-Semi-structured interviews with 46... more
Purpose-Following Airbnb's recent turn to the luxury market, this paper aims to explore how Airbnb hosts construct meanings of luxury as enacted in their hosting practices. Design/methodology/approach-Semi-structured interviews with 46 Airbnb hosts were undertaken using purposing sampling. Findings-Study findings reveal that social and personal meanings of luxury manifest in host practice, with "home feeling" representing the epicentre of the luxury peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation experience. Research limitations/implications-Although this study draws from host views, it represents a first attempt to empirically examine perceptions and applications of luxury within P2P accommodation. The study provides a conceptual framework which may serve as a point of departure for further research into which luxury service dimensions guests value. Practical implications-The findings of the study carry implications to the wider hospitality context. Specifically, hospitality practitioners need to reconceptualize luxury hospitality provision to promote a "homotel" accommodation model which highlights the offering of physical and social luxury dimensions in addition to elements of personalized service and home-like hedonic benefits. Originality/value-The study offers a conceptual framework of the luxury P2P accommodation servicescape, which identifies two distinct luxury offerings that may be informative to both P2P accommodation providers and hospitality practitioners.
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Using the theories of complexity and the spiral of silence, this paper aims to understand how combinations of perceived news, brand gender, and participation explain conditions leading to brand love and customers’ attitudinal loyalty... more
Using the theories of complexity and the spiral of silence, this paper aims to understand how combinations of perceived news, brand gender, and participation explain conditions leading to brand love and customers’ attitudinal loyalty within online contexts. Drawing from a two-stage, mixed-method approach, results indicate that passive participation and brand masculinity are necessary to increase love and attitudinal loyalty to a brand, while perceived news informativeness and entertainment, brand femininity, and active participation are sufficient but not necessary. The study offers theoretical and practical insights that may guide further research and strengthen marketing attempts to improve customer engagement with online fan pages.
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This research note reports the results of a qualitative study exploring front-line hotel employees’ views about working during the COVID-19 pandemic in order to identify factors that may influence their ability and willingness to report... more
This research note reports the results of a qualitative study exploring front-line hotel employees’ views about working during the COVID-19 pandemic in order to identify factors that may influence their ability and willingness to report to work. Findings from online focus-groups reveal that front-line hotel employees generally felt a sense of duty to work during the pandemic. However, there were also a number of perceived barriers to working that impacted on this sense of duty. These emerged as barriers to ability and barriers to willingness, but the distinction is not clear-cut. Instead, most barriers seem to form a continuum ranging from negotiable barriers to insuperable barriers. Following this coneptualisation, the key to reducing absenteeism during the pandemic is likely to take remedial action so that barriers to willingness do not become perceived as barriers to ability to work. Practical implications towards this direction are offered.
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This study draws from the hospitality sector to examine how hotel employees use their self-perceived moral identity to inform their CSR implementation practices. Specifically, we employ a practice-based approach to investigate how skills,... more
This study draws from the hospitality sector to examine how hotel employees use their self-perceived moral identity to inform their CSR implementation practices. Specifically, we employ a practice-based approach to investigate how skills, resources and meanings of CSR as a morally determined concept manifest in employee CSR actions. Study findings reveal that hotel employees' behaviours towards CSR implementation is not necessarily consistent with their self-perceived moral identity, identifying two forms of practices undertaken by employees: (a) immersing in CSR implementation by propagating morality and (b) avoiding CSR implementation by concealing immorality. The study offers a matrix of moral identity and CSR employee behaviour, which illustrates four different types of employees encapsulating their CSR behavioural spectrum. The study concludes with a discussion of the relevant theoretical and practical implications.
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The Covid-19 pandemic has brought international tourism at a standstill. Peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation, in particular, has been greatly affected with platforms being heavily criticised for lacking a strategic response to users’... more
The Covid-19 pandemic has brought international tourism at a standstill. Peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation, in particular, has been greatly affected with platforms being heavily criticised for lacking a strategic response to users’ needs. Drawing from the perspectives of P2P accommodation hosts, this study aims to explore: a) their perceptions of the short-term impacts of the pandemic on their hosting practice, b) their responses to the pandemic and c) the long-term perspectives of the pandemic on the P2P accommodation sector. Specifically, the study offers a continuum of host pandemic responses which illustrates different types of hosts in relation to their market perspective and intention to continue hosting on P2P platforms. The continuum carries theoretical implications as it offers insights to academics exploring crisis impacts on P2P accommodation. It is also of practical value to platforms and practitioners as it may lead to improved crisis management strategies.
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Even though academic attention has been paid on the tourism-memory nexus, the concept of forgetfulness in tourism has been largely overlooked and remains unexplored. The aim of this research note is to introduce the concept of... more
Even though academic attention has been paid on the tourism-memory nexus, the concept of forgetfulness in
tourism has been largely overlooked and remains unexplored. The aim of this research note is to introduce the
concept of forgetfulness alongside memory within tourism scholarship to discuss the way in which it may be
integrated with future research. In so doing, the discussion focused on a tourist crisis context as tourists’ postcrisis
behaviour often reflects forgetfulness as evidenced by their travel resumption patterns. Overall, by linking
the concepts of forgetfulness and tourism, this research note contributes to knowledge advancement on
tourism crises by shifting attention away from risk perceptions towards an understanding of the cognitive and
emotional processes influencing tourist behaviour. The research note also illuminates understanding of how
crises are forgotten; hence, contributes to the improvement of crisis management strategies. The research note
concludes by proposing an agenda for future research.
tourism has been largely overlooked and remains unexplored. The aim of this research note is to introduce the
concept of forgetfulness alongside memory within tourism scholarship to discuss the way in which it may be
integrated with future research. In so doing, the discussion focused on a tourist crisis context as tourists’ postcrisis
behaviour often reflects forgetfulness as evidenced by their travel resumption patterns. Overall, by linking
the concepts of forgetfulness and tourism, this research note contributes to knowledge advancement on
tourism crises by shifting attention away from risk perceptions towards an understanding of the cognitive and
emotional processes influencing tourist behaviour. The research note also illuminates understanding of how
crises are forgotten; hence, contributes to the improvement of crisis management strategies. The research note
concludes by proposing an agenda for future research.
Research Interests:
Purpose-This study aims to investigate the combinations of religiosity, cosmopolitanism and perceived destination image leading to satisfaction and loyalty amongst Muslim consumers within the Maldivian tourism and hospitality context.... more
Purpose-This study aims to investigate the combinations of religiosity, cosmopolitanism and perceived destination image leading to satisfaction and loyalty amongst Muslim consumers within the Maldivian tourism and hospitality context. Design/methodology/approach-Using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), this study reveals that diverse combinations of religiosity, cosmopolitanism and destination image dimensions stimulate satisfaction and loyalty in Muslim consumers. Findings-Multiple recipes can be used to design compelling destinations that balance the desire for religiosity and cosmopolitanism characteristic of contemporary Muslim consumers. The results confirm the applicability of complexity theory in explaining Muslim consumer behaviour within the Islamic destination context. Practical implications-Several implications for the hospitality and tourism industry are drawn from the results, with suggestions for future research provided. Each fsQCA recipe identifies distinct suggestions to shape the design of destination attributes and hospitality offerings to stimulate consumer satisfaction and loyalty. Originality/value-Complexity theory was applied to assess the complex causal relationships among Muslim consumers' religiosity, perceived destination image, cosmopolitanism, satisfaction and loyalty.
Research Interests:
This study explores power dynamics in peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation by examining how they manifest in the host-guest relationship. In so doing, it advances understanding on the role of hosts in the P2P practice and contributes insights... more
This study explores power dynamics in peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation by examining how they manifest in the host-guest relationship. In so doing, it advances understanding on the role of hosts in the P2P practice and contributes insights on the factors conditioning the reciprocity of the P2P exchange. Drawing from power theories, the study uncovers how the interdependencies among hosts, guests and platforms influence power constellations emanating from P2P accommodation growth and reflexively redefine host practice. Specifically, the study illustrates how hosts are attempting to resist power imbalances characterising the exchange and how the dynamic environment of P2P accommodation leads to distinct representations of host types. The study makes explicit a conceptual framework that captures the power shifts noticeable in P2P accommodation that may be of theoretical and practical value to academics and policymakers alike.
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The responsible conduct of Airbnb hosts has been emphasised following recent media reports that reveal the presence of racial discrimination. Even though the platform introduced an anti-discrimination policy as a response, eliminating... more
The responsible conduct of Airbnb hosts has been emphasised following recent media reports that reveal the presence of racial discrimination. Even though the platform introduced an anti-discrimination policy as a response, eliminating discrimination requires a greater understanding on the causes of discrimination occurring in P2P settings. This study responds to this research gap by examining the discriminatory practices of Airbnb hosts. Drawing from semi-structured interviews, we confirm that host practices often manifest various types of discrimination. Nonetheless, several hosts perceive the exclusion of specific groups of guests not as discriminatory but as a necessary tactic in safeguarding their property and wellbeing and a pre-requisite for a positive P2P experience. Theoretical and practical insights are derived from this study which may direct future research on the topic and inform policymakers of issues pertinent to effective platform governance.
Research Interests:
Although a research base is beginning to emerge in relation to the peer-to-peer accommodation phenomenon, the voices of residents are seldom heard in this scholarly literature. This study uses Social Exchange Theory to examine resident... more
Although a research base is beginning to emerge in relation to the peer-to-peer accommodation phenomenon, the voices of residents are seldom heard in this scholarly literature. This study uses Social Exchange Theory to examine resident perceptions regarding the impact of P2P accommodation growth, and specifically Airbnb, on their neighbourhood. Fifty-one semi-structured interviews were employed to illuminate understanding of how resident perceptions are formed in relation to the exchange relationship with Airbnb guests. Findings reveal a dominance of negative perceptions of socio-economic and environmental impacts. The study also contributes a typology of residents, based on their perceptions and behaviour towards associated impacts, which may guide policymakers and practitioners towards the adoption of an anthropocentric approach on P2P accommodation. The study concludes with a discussion of theoretical and practical implications.
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This paper draws from Lefebvre’s spatial triad theory in examining Airbnb space, contributing to knowledge on how space discourses are constructed and in turn internalised in host and guest practices. The study identifies tensions in... more
This paper draws from Lefebvre’s spatial triad theory in examining Airbnb space, contributing to knowledge on how space discourses are constructed and in turn internalised in host and guest practices. The study identifies tensions in host-guest-platform relations, illustrating attempts to professionalise and standardise hospitality practices. We conceptualise Airbnb as a space of multiple meanings that reflects the transitionary nature of contemporary hospitality wherein notions, roles and practices are redefined. Conclusively, this paper advocates further research on hospitality’s spatial dimensions to uncover the perplexed relations, inherent inequalities and potential opportunities characterising postmodern tourism.
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Purpose This study aims to provide a theoretical account of the nexus of religion and entrepreneurship in hospitality and tourism (H&T) by considering the influences of religion on entrepreneurial motivation, acquisition of resources for... more
Purpose This study aims to provide a theoretical account of the nexus of religion and entrepreneurship in hospitality and tourism (H&T) by considering the influences of religion on entrepreneurial motivation, acquisition of resources for entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial behaviour. Design/methodology/approach The authors synthesise research and theory on religion and entrepreneurship and apply it within H&T, taking into account the specificities of the industry. Specifically, they pooled together relevant theory and empirical research findings which they summarised to identify points of convergence and divergence, before refining the data to allow for further theoretical insights to be gained. Findings The authors suggest that religion may positively or negatively influence entrepreneurship; in particular, they identify various modes of religion influences, which offer insights into how religion may encourage, sustain and amplify entrepreneurship or alternatively inhibit entrepreneurship. Originality/value Religion offers an important yet underused lens for understanding the activities and mechanisms influencing entrepreneurship in the rapidly evolving H&T industry. This study identifies different aspects of the two multidimensional and interdisciplinary concepts of religion and entrepreneurship and offers new insights into the relationship between the two within the context of H&T.
Research Interests:
This research note examines the perspectives of women with regard to their motives for engaging in peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation and their practices in mitigating perceived risk. In so doing, semi-structured interviews with 12 female... more
This research note examines the perspectives of women with regard to
their motives for engaging in peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation and
their practices in mitigating perceived risk. In so doing, semi-structured
interviews with 12 female hosts and 18 female guests on Airbnb were
performed. Findings reveal that gendered risk is not exclusive to solo
female travellers but extends to female hosts who are left more
vulnerable to risk as a result of Airbnb’s anti-discriminatory policy.
Within this context, the study identifies several tactics that are
undertaken by female hosts and guests in mitigating risk, thus
highlighting the importance of gender in determining the host-guest
relationship within P2P accommodation. In acknowledging that
gendered risk is heightened in P2P accommodation settings due to the
intimacy of the transaction and the lack of regulatory framework, this
research note contributes to the impetus to bring women’s voice in the
evolving, dynamic landscape of tourism research.
their motives for engaging in peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation and
their practices in mitigating perceived risk. In so doing, semi-structured
interviews with 12 female hosts and 18 female guests on Airbnb were
performed. Findings reveal that gendered risk is not exclusive to solo
female travellers but extends to female hosts who are left more
vulnerable to risk as a result of Airbnb’s anti-discriminatory policy.
Within this context, the study identifies several tactics that are
undertaken by female hosts and guests in mitigating risk, thus
highlighting the importance of gender in determining the host-guest
relationship within P2P accommodation. In acknowledging that
gendered risk is heightened in P2P accommodation settings due to the
intimacy of the transaction and the lack of regulatory framework, this
research note contributes to the impetus to bring women’s voice in the
evolving, dynamic landscape of tourism research.
Research Interests:
Purpose – This study aims to examine stakeholder interests and influence on CSR implementation in hotels through an instrumental stakeholder theory lens. Design/methodology/approach – Semi-structured interviews with 54 managers from... more
Purpose – This study aims to examine stakeholder interests and influence on CSR implementation in hotels through an instrumental stakeholder theory lens.
Design/methodology/approach – Semi-structured interviews with 54 managers from several sectors of the Cyprus tourism industry were undertaken, using purposive sampling.
Findings – There is a dominance of supply-chain stakeholder interests which in turn outline the CSR orientation of hotels whereas stakeholder influence, largely shaped by the interdependent multi-faceted nature of the tourism industry, conditions the implementation of CSR in hotels. Interestingly, stakeholder influence on CSR in hotels does not correspond to stakeholders’ perceived saliency, indicating that stakeholder analysis needs to move beyond the consideration of salient stakeholders’ interests.
Research limitations/implications – Although the focus of this study has been the perceptions of tourism stakeholders in Cyprus, the exploratory approach adopted in the study sets the ground for further research to consider stakeholder issues regarding CSR in hotels from an instrumental perspective. Also, insights from this study might inform practitioners in similar destinations.
Originality/value – In encouraging a holistic approach to strategic CSR in hotels, this study contributes a framework of stakeholder roles, emanating from stakeholder responsibility and stakeholder involvement in CSR in the hotel sector, that will be of interest to both academics and practitioners.
Design/methodology/approach – Semi-structured interviews with 54 managers from several sectors of the Cyprus tourism industry were undertaken, using purposive sampling.
Findings – There is a dominance of supply-chain stakeholder interests which in turn outline the CSR orientation of hotels whereas stakeholder influence, largely shaped by the interdependent multi-faceted nature of the tourism industry, conditions the implementation of CSR in hotels. Interestingly, stakeholder influence on CSR in hotels does not correspond to stakeholders’ perceived saliency, indicating that stakeholder analysis needs to move beyond the consideration of salient stakeholders’ interests.
Research limitations/implications – Although the focus of this study has been the perceptions of tourism stakeholders in Cyprus, the exploratory approach adopted in the study sets the ground for further research to consider stakeholder issues regarding CSR in hotels from an instrumental perspective. Also, insights from this study might inform practitioners in similar destinations.
Originality/value – In encouraging a holistic approach to strategic CSR in hotels, this study contributes a framework of stakeholder roles, emanating from stakeholder responsibility and stakeholder involvement in CSR in the hotel sector, that will be of interest to both academics and practitioners.
Research Interests:
This study investigates the impacts of economic, social and environmental sustainability practices of companies in the hospitality supply chain on consumers’ satisfaction, loyalty and willingness to pay higher prices. Utilizing data... more
This study investigates the impacts of economic, social and environmental sustainability practices of companies in the hospitality supply chain on consumers’ satisfaction, loyalty and willingness to pay higher prices. Utilizing data collected from 288 tourists visiting south Sardinia, the study indicates that while economic sustainability practices have positive impacts on consumers’ satisfaction, loyalty and willingness to pay a premium, sustainability practices related to environmental and social dimensions have a direct positive impact on satisfaction and an indirect positive impact on consumer loyalty and willingness to pay a premium. Additionally, findings reveal that satisfaction is likely to mediate the impact of environmental and social sustainability practices on the loyalty of consumers. The theoretical and managerial implications of the study are provided.
Research Interests:
Despite their assumed benefits, negative internship experiences have been reported amongst tourism and hospitality students, which in turn minimise the likelihood of pursuing a career in the industry. This study explores the influence of... more
Despite their assumed benefits, negative internship experiences have been reported amongst tourism and hospitality students, which in turn minimise the likelihood of pursuing a career in the industry. This study explores the influence of internship experiences on the career intentions of tourism and hospitality management students. Drawing upon qualitative data, the article highlights the multi-faceted and complex nature of graduates ’career decision-making and reveals that an interplay of factors influences the relationship between internship experiences and students’ career intentions. Important insights are offered that contribute to the understanding of aspects relevant to internships’ efficient design and informed management.
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Tourism has been heralded as a contributor to peace, however, the inconclusive findings of empirical studies render the need for a consolidation of theory that has in so far relied on case studies and the adoption of the contact... more
Tourism has been heralded as a contributor to peace, however, the inconclusive findings of empirical studies render the need for a consolidation of theory that has in so far relied on case studies and the adoption of the contact hypothesis. Informed by political science theory, this paper proposes a methodological framework that can guide future research and aims to serve as a benchmark for researchers interested in temporal issues pertaining to conflict, peace and tourism. Signalling a departure from the simplistic notion that contact through travel contributes to social integration, the paper adopts a holistic conceptualisation of the multi-faceted and complex system of actors, sectors and dimensions of tourism spanning at the social, economic, political and environmental levels.
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Effective governance has been identified as one of the most important factors in sustainable tourism implementation. As governance structures are increasingly becoming network-based, attention needs to be diverted to the effectiveness of... more
Effective governance has been identified as one of the most important factors in sustainable tourism implementation. As governance structures are increasingly becoming network-based, attention needs to be diverted to the effectiveness of partnerships in achieving sustainability in tourism. Evaluating the effectiveness of regional tourism governance in Cyprus by considering regional tourism organisations’ (RTOs) publicprivate network involved exploratory research whereby semi-structured interviews with key tourism stakeholders were performed. Findings reveal that network governance-related challenges interact with region-specific characteristics, inhibiting the effectiveness of regional tourism governance in
implementing sustainable tourism. Specifically, RTOs represent a weak form of governance and their effectiveness in implementing sustainable tourism is limited by the continuing dependence on foreign tour operators, a system of mutual favours which complexifies the nature of tourism planning and a growing emphasis on economic interests further fuelled by recent austerity measures imposed in Cyprus. The paper concludes that network governance cannot be considered separately from
the socio-cultural, economic and environmental factors of the context in which it is studied and proposes that further research reflects the horizontal relations across regional, national and global networks.
implementing sustainable tourism. Specifically, RTOs represent a weak form of governance and their effectiveness in implementing sustainable tourism is limited by the continuing dependence on foreign tour operators, a system of mutual favours which complexifies the nature of tourism planning and a growing emphasis on economic interests further fuelled by recent austerity measures imposed in Cyprus. The paper concludes that network governance cannot be considered separately from
the socio-cultural, economic and environmental factors of the context in which it is studied and proposes that further research reflects the horizontal relations across regional, national and global networks.
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Low-cost carriers (LCCs) may yield several benefits to destinations including increased tourist arrivals, improved destination competitiveness and enrichment of regional economies. Governments in several destinations, particularly insular... more
Low-cost carriers (LCCs) may yield several benefits to destinations including increased tourist arrivals, improved destination competitiveness and enrichment of regional economies. Governments in several destinations, particularly insular tourism destinations, have acted as
proponents towards LCCs offering attractive subsidisation schemes. Nonetheless, the degree to which LCCs contribute to tourism development remains questionable. Using semi-structured interviews with industry stakeholders, the aim of this paper is to explore the supply-side
perceptions of the impacts of LCCs on the tourism industry of Cyprus. Findings reveal concerns over the influence of LCCs on the development of the island’s tourism industry. Whilst air transport inherently impacts tourism development, this study concludes that demand-related issues and government policies interact to shape the environment in which LCCs operate, and consequently, affect tourism development. This paper concludes by highlighting the narrowing gap between different airline types and proposes that further research on the changing environment in aviation is conducted.
proponents towards LCCs offering attractive subsidisation schemes. Nonetheless, the degree to which LCCs contribute to tourism development remains questionable. Using semi-structured interviews with industry stakeholders, the aim of this paper is to explore the supply-side
perceptions of the impacts of LCCs on the tourism industry of Cyprus. Findings reveal concerns over the influence of LCCs on the development of the island’s tourism industry. Whilst air transport inherently impacts tourism development, this study concludes that demand-related issues and government policies interact to shape the environment in which LCCs operate, and consequently, affect tourism development. This paper concludes by highlighting the narrowing gap between different airline types and proposes that further research on the changing environment in aviation is conducted.
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It has been argued that residents" perceptions and attitudes towards tourism development in Island destinations is important for their future sustainability. This study aims to examine residents" perceptions and attitudes towards... more
It has been argued that residents" perceptions and attitudes towards tourism development in Island destinations is important for their future sustainability. This study aims to examine residents" perceptions and attitudes towards sustainable tourism development by focusing on the city of Larnaca, Cyprus. Through a mixed method approach, this study yields insights on residents" perceptions and attitudes towards sustainable tourism development, particularly in relation to the socio-cultural impacts of tourism. Residents recognise the role that the developmental limitations of small Island destinations play on the formation of their attitude. Conclusively, this study contributes a theoretical framework which tourism planners in Island destinations utilise to evaluate future tourism projects and strengthen residents" participation in the decision-making process.
Whilst the sharing economy has been praised for creating value through the integration of resources and consumer-to-consumer interaction, it has also attracted considerable criticism over the disruptive changes it has yielded,... more
Whilst the sharing economy has been praised for creating value through the integration of resources and consumer-to-consumer interaction, it has also attracted considerable criticism over the disruptive changes it has yielded, particularly in terms of employment patterns, competition, work and life (im)balances, governance and host community wellbeing. Drawing from interviews with Airbnb hosts, this study seeks to explore how responsibility in the sharing economy is understood, assigned and mediated. Findings reveal a shift from an individual towards a more professional host identity. Specifically, hosts look beyond their individual interests and employ a reflexivity that enables them to be critical of the institutional framework in which their practice takes place. Interestingly, as the focus of responsibility shifts from personality traits to institutional aspects and Airbnb hosts emerge as tourism practitioners, a transformation of the sharing economy concept is noted.
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Whilst travel-related aspects such as motives and experiences have been widely researched, little attention has been paid to travel behaviour in post-conflict settings. The key objective of this study is to provide a theoretical... more
Whilst travel-related aspects such as motives and experiences have been widely researched, little attention has been paid to travel behaviour in post-conflict settings. The key objective of this study is to provide a theoretical understanding of the motivational drivers or inhibitors shaping people’s travel intentions and actual behaviour in a post-conflict destination. In doing so, we centre investigation on Cyprus which has a long history of protracted conflict. Using a qualitative approach to research, we utilise the theory of planned behaviour to examine the travel intentions and behaviour of Greek-Cypriots as well as the influencing factors shaping travel behaviour in a post-conflict context. Drawing from 77 semi-structured interviews, findings are informative to policy makers and industry practitioners of the perceptual and affective components shaping travel decision-making and behaviour in volatile situations. Theoretical insights are also drawn with regard to the effect of socio-political conditions on travel behaviour.
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Evidence supporting the tenet that internship experience influences students’ career intention exists. Signalling a departure from the simplistic attempt to establish causality between the two constructs, this study adopted exploratory,... more
Evidence supporting the tenet that internship experience influences students’ career intention exists. Signalling a departure from the simplistic attempt to establish causality between the two constructs, this study adopted exploratory, qualitative research approach. Findings reveal that despite students’ positive expectations, following the internship a majority of students expressed disappointment with the industry. Nonetheless, the study highlights that career choices of interns are not solely influenced by internship experience. Rather, the study highlights the multifaceted and complex nature of internship experience effect on career-related behaviour through the identification of: (i) individual and organisational factors as proximal influencers on interns’ experience, (ii) conditioning factors pertaining to the distal, contextual environment which regulate the experience and (iii) socio-demographic factors of interns which serve as mediators to the internship experience.
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Rural tourism has gained popularity as a developmental strategy over the years, receiving considerable academic attention. However, the measurement of rural tourist demand, and in particular tourist satisfaction, remains an... more
Rural tourism has gained popularity as a developmental strategy over the years, receiving considerable academic attention. However, the measurement of rural tourist demand, and in particular tourist satisfaction, remains an under-researched area. The aim of this research is to provide evidence of demand-side perceptions of the rural tourism product of Cyprus. A questionnaire was distributed to 241 tourists visiting rural areas in Cyprus in an attempt to measure their satisfaction level across a series of attributes. Findings reveal that tourists visiting rural areas are not necessarily motivated by the rural setting whereas satisfaction appears to be affected by site-specific attributes. The findings highlight the importance of segmentation in rural tourism and suggest the adoption of a more refined marketing strategy.
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Over the last decades tourism has been a driver of economic development in Cyprus. In recent years there has been a shift in the direction of the official tourism strategy from the national to the regional level. In particular, emphasis... more
Over the last decades tourism has been a driver of economic development in Cyprus. In recent years there has been a shift in the direction of the official tourism strategy from the national to the regional level. In particular, emphasis has been placed on rural tourism development as a means of economic rejuvenation of rural regions and an attempt to minimise the pressures associated with coastal tourism development. Although the benefits of regional tourism have been extensively researched, understanding of the factors influencing regions’ competitiveness remains an under-researched area. The aim of this paper is to apply the concept of tourism clusters within the rural setting of Cyprus and examine the factors influencing the competitiveness of regions. Through qualitative research the paper identified the challenges facing regions’ rural product, the benefits of tourism cluster formation in rural Cyprus and the opportunities available in enhancing the competitiveness of rural regions. Overall, it was found that varying competitiveness exists among rural regions in Cyprus. It is proposed that external and internal networks are formed at the horizontal and vertical level to encourage cluster formation. The role of the government in coordinating developmental and marketing efforts is deemed critical in the successful implementation of rural tourism strategy.
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The role of employees has been highlighted as key to the effective implementation of CSR practices in hotels. Employees share the responsibility for implementing sustainability practices with the organisation itself and customers. In... more
The role of employees has been highlighted as key to the effective implementation of CSR practices in hotels. Employees share the responsibility for implementing sustainability practices with the organisation itself and customers. In this respect, it may be argued that employees play an integral role in the CSR value co-creation process. Nonetheless, previous studies focused mostly on customer co-creating behaviours overlooking employees. This study examines the perceptions and behaviours of hotel employees regarding CSR value co-creation.
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Peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation has grown exponentially in recent years. Considering the numerous benefits that P2P accommodation offers to both hosts and guests, its growth is not surprising. On the one hand, P2P accommodation allows... more
Peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation has grown exponentially in recent years. Considering the numerous benefits that P2P accommodation offers to both hosts and guests, its growth is not surprising. On the one hand, P2P accommodation allows property owners to gain additional income (Fang et al, 2016), thus improving their standard of living. On the other hand, it extends the range of accommodation options for travellers, offering the opportunity for personal relationship development between hosts and guests (Tussyadiah and Zach, 2017). In particular, as the most prominent example of the sharing economy, P2P accommodation has been hailed as a liberating landscape in which workers can enjoy flexibility (Schoenbaum, 2016). As such, P2P accommodation presents great opportunities to women who have historically been discriminated in the traditional hospitality workplace (Farmaki, 2018).
Nonetheless, little attention has been paid to gender issues within P2P accommodation settings. As the transaction in P2P accommodation is more intimate than in traditional hotel settings, gender is likely to represent a salient attribute shaping the host-guest relationship. Considering that women make up more than half of the workforce in tourism (Equality in Tourism, 2013) and are responsible for making nearly 80% of travel decisions (Bond, 2015), an examination of female perspectives in P2P accommodation is imperative. This study examines how host-guest relationships in P2P accommodation are negotiated by female hosts and guests on Airbnb; thus, advancing knowledge on how gender identities of perceived practices and roles are constructed. Semi-structured interviews with 12 female hosts and 18 guests were conducted. Preliminary findings indicate that safety and privacy issues are of concern to both female hosts and guests. While female guests have the flexibility to select a female host, in an attempt to minimise perceived risk, female hosts are less restricted in their ability to select guests due to the platform’s changing guidelines which restricts hosts’ ability to reject or cancel bookings. Findings are informative of the salience of gender within P2P accommodation, reflecting the concerns of female hosts and guests of associated sexual and cultural risks as well as their tactics in mitigating these risks.
Nonetheless, little attention has been paid to gender issues within P2P accommodation settings. As the transaction in P2P accommodation is more intimate than in traditional hotel settings, gender is likely to represent a salient attribute shaping the host-guest relationship. Considering that women make up more than half of the workforce in tourism (Equality in Tourism, 2013) and are responsible for making nearly 80% of travel decisions (Bond, 2015), an examination of female perspectives in P2P accommodation is imperative. This study examines how host-guest relationships in P2P accommodation are negotiated by female hosts and guests on Airbnb; thus, advancing knowledge on how gender identities of perceived practices and roles are constructed. Semi-structured interviews with 12 female hosts and 18 guests were conducted. Preliminary findings indicate that safety and privacy issues are of concern to both female hosts and guests. While female guests have the flexibility to select a female host, in an attempt to minimise perceived risk, female hosts are less restricted in their ability to select guests due to the platform’s changing guidelines which restricts hosts’ ability to reject or cancel bookings. Findings are informative of the salience of gender within P2P accommodation, reflecting the concerns of female hosts and guests of associated sexual and cultural risks as well as their tactics in mitigating these risks.
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Over the last decades tourism has been a driver of economic development in Cyprus. In recent years there has been a shift in the direction of the official tourism strategy from the national to the regional level. In particular, emphasis... more
Over the last decades tourism has been a driver of economic development in Cyprus. In recent years there has been a shift in the direction of the official tourism strategy from the national to the regional level. In particular, emphasis has been placed on rural tourism development as a means of economic rejuvenation of rural regions and an attempt to minimise the pressures associated with coastal tourism development. Although the benefits of regional tourism have been extensively researched, understanding of the factors influencing regions’ competitiveness remains an under-researched area. The aim of this paper is to apply the concept of tourism clusters within the rural setting of Cyprus and examine the factors influencing the competitiveness of regions. Through qualitative research the paper identified the challenges facing regions’ rural product, the benefits of tourism cluster formation in rural Cyprus and the opportunities available in enhancing the competitiveness of rural reg...
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Purpose This paper aims to provide a critical synthesis of the interface of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation to offer insights that contribute to theory and practice of CSR in hospitality.... more
Purpose This paper aims to provide a critical synthesis of the interface of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation to offer insights that contribute to theory and practice of CSR in hospitality. Design/methodology/approach By using key CSR models, this paper reflects on the nexus between CSR and P2P accommodation (with a focus on Airbnb) to identify opportunities and challenges with regard to CSR implementation in P2P accommodation and, thereby, progress the research agenda on the topic. Findings This contribution will hopefully enable policymakers to improve the accountability of stakeholders related to P2P accommodation in terms of the sector’s impacts on local communities while contributing to the progression of the research agenda on CSR in hospitality. Research limitations/implications Because this contribution is meant to be a “critical reflection paper”, the main purpose is to flesh out a commentary offering recommendations on how to accoun...
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Despite the growing interest that scholars have paid to animosity in tourism settings, pertinent research draws mostly from tourist perspectives to examine the effects of animosity on travel-related decision-making. The aim of this study... more
Despite the growing interest that scholars have paid to animosity in tourism settings, pertinent research draws mostly from tourist perspectives to examine the effects of animosity on travel-related decision-making. The aim of this study is to explore the animosity perceptions of residents against Russian tourists who, following the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the sanctions imposed on Russia, are likely to experience intense animosity when traveling abroad. The study draws from interviews with residents based in Cyprus, a well-known island destination in the Mediterranean that is popular among Russian tourists. The study concludes that animosity within tourism settings represents a complex construct as it evolves and manifests varyingly, depending on multiple factors including media representations, passage of time from occurrence of event, previously held attitudes toward tourists, political or cultural affinity and subjective norms. The study offers a classification of resident an...
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Processes of responsibilisation aim to configure individuals into the governance models of digital platforms and realise versions of the sharing economy pursued by powerful platform owners. Questions are raised, however, as to whether... more
Processes of responsibilisation aim to configure individuals into the governance models of digital platforms and realise versions of the sharing economy pursued by powerful platform owners. Questions are raised, however, as to whether this is an empowering process or one that puts participants at risk. Based on a qualitative study of Airbnb hosts in Europe, we explore their understanding of their own responsibilities as emerging hospitality practitioners. Our analysis shows that hosts actively engage in professional identity work and map a practice architecture which includes a set of responsibilities. We suggest, however, that this is not by itself a sign of empowered individuals rather a reaction to the perceived shift of Airbnb’s strategy towards hotelisation of hosting practice. We contribute to an understanding of responsibilisation as a critical and reactionary process.
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Despite the rise of woke capitalism, no attention has been paid by tourism scholars on corporate wokeness as an expanding scope of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The aim of this paper is, thus, to introduce the concept of... more
Despite the rise of woke capitalism, no attention has been paid by tourism scholars on corporate wokeness as an expanding scope of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The aim of this paper is, thus, to introduce the concept of corporate wokeness in tourism scholarship and discuss the way it may be integrated within future CSR research. Specifically, the paper examines the meaning of corporate wokeness and compares and contrasts the concept to CSR in order to identify the commonalities and differences between the two. The potential effects that corporate wokeness may inflict on CSR are also discussed, with specific reference to the communication of corporate wokeness in tourism and hospitality. As such, this paper illuminates understanding of the practical implications the rise of corporate wokeness may carry and proposes an agenda for future research in order to advance knowledge on this topical issue.
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This book contains 11 chapters demonstrating the incredible complexity characterizing the relationship between peer-to-peer (P2P) loding and commmunity resilience, by considering multiple stakeholder perspectives and examining a diverse... more
This book contains 11 chapters demonstrating the incredible complexity characterizing the relationship between peer-to-peer (P2P) loding and commmunity resilience, by considering multiple stakeholder perspectives and examining a diverse array of destination communities. The research within this book clearly shows how P2P lodging can foster resilience by helping to make communities more economically, environmentally and socially sustainable. However, the research also clearly shows how P2P lodging can itself be the external force of undesirable change against which communities may struggle to be resilient, and how P2P lodging can destabilize communities in ways that leave the communities vulnerable and less resilient to future disrupting forces. This conflicting duality highlights the complexity of the P2P lodging phenomenon, and the nuance with which one therefore must understand it. This volume will prove to be so valuable for students, academics, policy makers and community leader...
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Abstract The responsible conduct of Airbnb hosts has been emphasised following recent media reports that reveal the presence of racial discrimination. Even though the platform introduced an anti-discrimination policy as a response,... more
Abstract The responsible conduct of Airbnb hosts has been emphasised following recent media reports that reveal the presence of racial discrimination. Even though the platform introduced an anti-discrimination policy as a response, eliminating discrimination requires a greater understanding on the causes of discrimination occurring in P2P settings. This study responds to this research gap by examining the discriminatory practices of Airbnb hosts. Drawing from semi-structured interviews, we confirm that host practices often manifest various types of discrimination. Nonetheless, several hosts perceive the exclusion of specific groups of guests not as discriminatory but as a necessary tactic in safeguarding their property and wellbeing and a pre-requisite for a positive P2P experience. Theoretical and practical insights are derived from this study which may direct future research on the topic and inform policymakers of issues pertinent to effective platform governance.
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ABSTRACTThis research note examines the perspectives of women with regard to their motives for engaging in peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation and their practices in mitigating perceived risk. In so d...
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Originality/value Although the study is centered on a single case, theoretical and practical implications may be derived with regard to the demand aspects of rural tourist experiences. In turn, such insights may be transferrable to other... more
Originality/value Although the study is centered on a single case, theoretical and practical implications may be derived with regard to the demand aspects of rural tourist experiences. In turn, such insights may be transferrable to other rural destination contexts.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to advance the conceptualisation of dark tourism by evaluating both the supply‐side drivers for dark tourism development and the demand‐side motivations for visiting two dark heritage sites in... more
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to advance the conceptualisation of dark tourism by evaluating both the supply‐side drivers for dark tourism development and the demand‐side motivations for visiting two dark heritage sites in Cyprus.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory research approach was adopted whereby 12 semi‐structured interviews were conducted with supply‐side stakeholders and two focus groups were conducted with local and foreign visitors.FindingsProduction and consumption of dark tourism is continuous and interrelated as demand appears to be supply‐driven and attraction‐based. Tourist interpretations of dark tourism are influenced by tourists' personal factors, the passage of “time” and the way the dark site is projected by the supply‐side. A refined marketing segmentation strategy is proposed taking into consideration the purpose of visit, the relevance of the dark heritage site to the tourist and the depth of the dark element.Originality/valueThe study's f...
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Purpose– This paper aims to provide an overview of the approaches that industry stakeholders follow towards responsible tourism in Cyprus and to address the challenges that responsible tourism management faces in a mass tourism... more
Purpose– This paper aims to provide an overview of the approaches that industry stakeholders follow towards responsible tourism in Cyprus and to address the challenges that responsible tourism management faces in a mass tourism destination.Design/methodology/approach– In doing so, the paper discusses the concept of responsible tourism and its application in the hospitality and tourism industry. A qualitative research approach was followed whereby roundtable discussions between industry leaders and hospitality educators were initiated in order to identify key challenges. In addition, secondary research was performed with relevant data presented in the paper being previously collected by the CSTI (Cyprus Sustainable Tourism Initiative).Findings– Findings reveal that responsible tourism adoption in Cyprus is minimal. Several challenges have been identified as barriers to adoption and successful implementation including poor understanding of the concept, lack of awareness, limited budge...
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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to analyze the corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication of the Fortune top-100 companies during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Specifically, the authors examine the... more
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to analyze the corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication of the Fortune top-100 companies during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Specifically, the authors examine the messages of international companies' CSR communication to customers during the pandemic, focusing particularly on the companies' posts on Twitter. In addition to identifying what international companies communicate, the authors determine the motives of companies' COVID-19-related CSR communication as well as how companies strategically approach CSR communication.Design/methodology/approachUsing Nvivo, the authors carried out content analysis of the COVID-19-related tweets of the Fortune top-100 companies using Twitter's ‘advanced search’ tool. The analysis included tweets posted between 1 February 2020 and September 2021, a period that represents the peak of the pandemic.FindingsStudy findings indicate that COVID-19-related CSR responses of...
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The aim of this chapter is to discuss the evolution of the peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation phenomenon in Europe and to examine the key trends noticeable in the sector, including any external factors that influence P2P accommodation... more
The aim of this chapter is to discuss the evolution of the peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation phenomenon in Europe and to examine the key trends noticeable in the sector, including any external factors that influence P2P accommodation operations, practices and future development. Correspondingly, the chapter also examines the opportunities and challenges that emerge from P2P accommodation’s rapid growth. As such, the chapter aims to contribute to the ongoing discussion on the evolution of P2P accommodation platforms in Europe. Specifically, the chapter offers insights that may illuminate the understanding of the drivers, inhibitors, and influencers pertinent to the phenomenon’s development and resilience potential in the COVID-19 pandemic era.
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This table describes thematically scholarly efforts on the short-term rental service Airbnb, as well as its (non-profit) alternatives. Specifically, it presents three overarching research spheres: (1) interpersonal interactions and... more
This table describes thematically scholarly efforts on the short-term rental service Airbnb, as well as its (non-profit) alternatives. Specifically, it presents three overarching research spheres: (1) interpersonal interactions and social-technical practices; (2) implications of the Airbnb platform on local communities and their economies; and (3) alternatives to Airbnb and platform capitalism.
The inclusion of peace as a Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 16) in the United Nations’ Agenda 2030 underscores the interrelationships between peace, economic development, durable security, and promoting human rights. Within this... more
The inclusion of peace as a Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 16) in the United Nations’ Agenda 2030 underscores the interrelationships between peace, economic development, durable security, and promoting human rights. Within this context, tourism has been heralded by scholars and practitioners as a means to alleviate negative prejudice and improve human relations. Yet the existing research on tourism as peacebuilding shows little supportive evidence of tourism’s contributory role to peace, and instead forwards numerous claims that tourism inhibits peacebuilding by exacerbating economic, political, and socio-cultural inequalities between opposing groups. This study examines the role of tourism as a potential vehicle for justice that may bridge the gap between tourism and sustainable peace. More precisely, it considers tourism as an agent of justice addressing economic, political, and social inequalities between opposing groups through distributive, procedural, and restorative justice-related activities. Its analysis and findings offer insights that contribute to peace-through-tourism theory and practice while enhancing understanding of tourism’s contribution to the UN’s sustainable development goals.
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Research Interests: Marketing, Psychology, Social Sciences, Hospitality Management, Crisis Management, and 15 moreTourism, Crisis, Absenteeism, Hotel Management, Perceptions, Pandemic preparedness, Economics and Business, Front Line Managers, Pandemic, Commercial Services, CoVid, COVID-19 PANDEMIC, coronavirus outbreak, Hotel employees, and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
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Purpose This study aims to investigate the combinations of religiosity, cosmopolitanism and perceived destination image leading to satisfaction and loyalty amongst Muslim consumers within the Maldivian tourism and hospitality context.... more
Purpose This study aims to investigate the combinations of religiosity, cosmopolitanism and perceived destination image leading to satisfaction and loyalty amongst Muslim consumers within the Maldivian tourism and hospitality context. Design/methodology/approach Using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), this study reveals that diverse combinations of religiosity, cosmopolitanism and destination image dimensions stimulate satisfaction and loyalty in Muslim consumers. Findings Multiple recipes can be used to design compelling destinations that balance the desire for religiosity and cosmopolitanism characteristic of contemporary Muslim consumers. The results confirm the applicability of complexity theory in explaining Muslim consumer behaviour within the Islamic destination context. Practical implications Several implications for the hospitality and tourism industry are drawn from the results, with suggestions for future research provided. Each fsQCA recipe identifies d...
Research Interests: Marketing, Sociology, Tourism Studies, Hospitality Management, Cosmopolitanism, and 14 moreConsumer Behavior, Customer Satisfaction, Customer Loyalty, Destination Image, Hospitality, Consumer Research, Religiosity, Tourism, Maldives, Loyalty, Tourism and Hospitality Management, Consumer Behaviour, Qualitative Comparative Analysis, and Commercial Services
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This study centres its focus on the esteemed concept of the European Capital of Culture (ECoC), acknowledged as a catalyst for sustainability due to its economic and socio-cultural contribution to host city destinations. Particularly, it... more
This study centres its focus on the esteemed concept of the European Capital of Culture (ECoC), acknowledged as a catalyst for sustainability due to its economic and socio-cultural contribution to host city destinations. Particularly, it examines residents’ perceptions on this foremost cultural event since these are credited with an event’s success. Through a qualitative approach targeting residents of Pafos, a coastal city in Cyprus which served as ECoC in 2017, four categories of residents are identified based on the key dimensions of residents’ perceptions and involvement in tourism. These categories in turn exhibit varying levels of support towards the ECoC, with resident support being primarily shaped by the socio-political context in which cultural events take place as well as residents’ knowledge of the tourism environment. Findings are insightful to tourism stakeholders and contribute to their effort in improving the sustainable management of cultural events
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It has been argued that residents’ perceptions and attitudes towards tourism development in Island destinations is important for their future sustainability. This study aims to examine residents’ perceptions and attitudes towards... more
It has been argued that residents’ perceptions and attitudes towards tourism development in Island destinations is important for their future sustainability. This study aims to examine residents’ perceptions and attitudes towards sustainable tourism development by focusing on the city of Larnaca, Cyprus. Through a mixed method approach, this study yields insights on residents’ perceptions and attitudes towards sustainable tourism development, particularly in relation to the socio-cultural impacts of tourism. Residents recognise the role that the developmental limitations of small Island destinations play on the formation of their attitude. Conclusively, this study contributes a theoretical framework which tourism planners in Island destinations utilise to evaluate future tourism projects and strengthen residents’ participation in the decision-making process
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Purpose This study aims to evaluate the complex behaviour of tourists in terms of the formulation of destination image related to its gastronomy. Through the examination of gastronomic image, memorability of experiences and food... more
Purpose This study aims to evaluate the complex behaviour of tourists in terms of the formulation of destination image related to its gastronomy. Through the examination of gastronomic image, memorability of experiences and food personality traits such as neophobia and neophilia, this research investigates the chaordic (chaos versus order) systems and provides specific pathways that formulate the gastronomic destination image. Design/methodology/approach Using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), this study examines the chaordic relations amongst memorable tourism experiences (MTEs), gastronomic neophobia and neophilia and gastronomic image upon the formulation of destination image. This study also includes two grouping variables (nationality [stratified], age). Findings Three sufficient configurations were revealed that can lead to the formulation of destination image, explaining the attributional gastronomic decision-making of holidaymakers. These solutions concern:...
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Whilst job satisfaction has been extensively investigated as a CSR moderator or outcome, pertinent literature is predominantly silent on the complexity surrounding the formulation of the construct. This study adopts the theory of... more
Whilst job satisfaction has been extensively investigated as a CSR moderator or outcome, pertinent literature is predominantly silent on the complexity surrounding the formulation of the construct. This study adopts the theory of complexity and examines the combinations of factors leading to hotel employee job satisfaction within a CSR context. Using fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), those factorial combinations that are significant in driving job satisfaction were first identified, whereas semi-structured interviews revealed the relationships that describe such configurations. Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA) was used as complementary to estimate the effects of size of the examined conditions. In total, three solutions were generated: (i) ethical issues and morality; (ii) hotel-related aspects; (iii) employee-related aspects which are supported by the qualitative data. Results indicate that job satisfaction can be stimulated by diverse combinations of hotel employees’ CSR perceptions, moral identity, subjective norms and work engagement, yielding significant theoretical and managerial implications.
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Tourism Dynamics: New perspectives and changing directions provides theoretical and practical insights with a multi-disciplinary and inter-disciplinary approach to the study of tourism and emerging topics that will change the future of... more
Tourism Dynamics: New perspectives and changing directions provides theoretical and practical insights with a multi-disciplinary and inter-disciplinary approach to the study of tourism and emerging topics that will change the future of the industry, either positively or negatively. It offers a platform for critical discussion and examines emergent controversies within the tourism industry including the growth of alternative business models (e.g. sharing economy business models), travel in light of climate change and human resource ethics given the increasing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI), data and algorithms. With contributions from an international body of academic experts, each chapter highlights and critiques emerging insights and is underpinned with a thorough theoretical and practical knowledge. Issues discussed include risk management awareness; well-being in tourism; the online purchasing process; volunteer tourism; destination resilience and competitiveness and much more. Tourism Dynamics: New perspectives and changing directions is a must have volume for all tourism and hospitality students and educators, enabling students to enhance their critical thinking skills and educators to reflect on the influences of new directions on the industry
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Purpose The influence of destinations’ poverty on tourism decision-making and, more precisely, destination selection has received scant attention despite the increasing importance of poverty. The purpose of this study is to examine the... more
Purpose The influence of destinations’ poverty on tourism decision-making and, more precisely, destination selection has received scant attention despite the increasing importance of poverty. The purpose of this study is to examine the combination of factors influencing tourists’ destination selection in relation to developed destinations’ rising poverty levels through the adoption of complexity theory. Design/methodology/approach This study used fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to examine the combinations of factors that are significant in influencing destination selection whereas necessary condition analysis was used complementarily to evaluate the size effect of the examined conditions. Moreover, semi-structured interviews with industry stakeholders were performed to examine the relationships that describe the generated configurations. Findings In total, four solutions were generated: the cultural influence and poverty, the destination aspects, the poverty issues and th...
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This significant and timely book critically discusses the effects of emerging trends and shifting dynamics on the tourism and hospitality industry at local, regional, national, and international levels in a holistic manner. This book... more
This significant and timely book critically discusses the effects of emerging trends and shifting dynamics on the tourism and hospitality industry at local, regional, national, and international levels in a holistic manner. This book offers a multi-disciplinary and inter-disciplinary approach and examines emerging topics such as technology and disruptive economies as well as the Covid-19 pandemic that are likely to change the future of the industry, either positively or negatively. The book thus advances the knowledge surrounding emergent controversies pertaining to tourism and hospitality including the growth of alternative business models (e.g., sharing economy business models), travel in light of climate change, and human resource ethics given the increasing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI), data, and algorithms. Offering a platform for the critical discussion of pertinent transformations and, as such, providing theoretical and practical insights, this book will be of great value to destination planners, policymakers, industry practitioners, educators, and upper-level students of tourism and hospitality
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Purpose This study aims to use Foucault’s theory of heterotopian space to interpret peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation experiences by considering the perceptions of Airbnb hosts and guests. Design/methodology/approach Data for this study... more
Purpose This study aims to use Foucault’s theory of heterotopian space to interpret peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation experiences by considering the perceptions of Airbnb hosts and guests. Design/methodology/approach Data for this study were collected through the use of semi-structured interviews with Airbnb hosts and guests of different cultural backgrounds. Findings Informed by Foucault’s heterotopology, study findings identify and discuss the spatial dimensions at the micro-scale that distinguish P2P accommodation space from traditional hospitality spaces, arguing that P2P accommodation represents an interstitial space within the tourism system that triggers a reordering of resources, skills and meanings. Originality/value The paper introduces a cutting-edge perspective on how P2P accommodation spatiality may be viewed or approached in a meaningfully different manner, particularly advancing knowledge on how prescribed roles and practices in hospitality are being redefined.
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Purpose Following Airbnb’s recent turn to the luxury market, this paper aims to explore how Airbnb hosts construct meanings of luxury as enacted in their hosting practices. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews with 46... more
Purpose Following Airbnb’s recent turn to the luxury market, this paper aims to explore how Airbnb hosts construct meanings of luxury as enacted in their hosting practices. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews with 46 Airbnb hosts were undertaken using purposing sampling. Findings Study findings reveal that social and personal meanings of luxury manifest in host practice, with “home feeling” representing the epicentre of the luxury peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation experience. Research limitations/implications Although this study draws from host views, it represents a first attempt to empirically examine perceptions and applications of luxury within P2P accommodation. The study provides a conceptual framework which may serve as a point of departure for further research into which luxury service dimensions guests value. Practical implications The findings of the study carry implications to the wider hospitality context. Specifically, hospitality practitioners need to...
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Research Interests: Sociology, Psychology, Tourism Studies, Social Sciences, Social Media, and 15 moreDestination Image, Tourism, Destination Marketing, Narcissism, Attraction, Pictures, Tourism and Hospitality Management, Destination, Selfie, Employment of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Elsevier, Shading, Selfies, Travel Tourism, and Commercial Services
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PurposeThis study aims to provide a theoretical account of the nexus of religion and entrepreneurship in hospitality and tourism (H&T) by considering the influences of religion on entrepreneurial motivation, acquisition of resources for... more
PurposeThis study aims to provide a theoretical account of the nexus of religion and entrepreneurship in hospitality and tourism (H&T) by considering the influences of religion on entrepreneurial motivation, acquisition of resources for entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial behaviour.Design/methodology/approachThe authors synthesise research and theory on religion and entrepreneurship and apply it within H&T, taking into account the specificities of the industry. Specifically, they pooled together relevant theory and empirical research findings which they summarised to identify points of convergence and divergence, before refining the data to allow for further theoretical insights to be gained.FindingsThe authors suggest that religion may positively or negatively influence entrepreneurship; in particular, they identify various modes of religion influences, which offer insights into how religion may encourage, sustain and amplify entrepreneurship or alternatively inhibit entrepreneurs...
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Research Interests: Business, Marketing, Social Sciences, Hospitality Management, Sustainable Tourism, and 11 moreEnvironmental Sustainability, Hospitality, Supply Chain, Tourism, Sardinia, Hospitality Industry, Current issues on tourism industry, Economics and Business, Consumer Perceptions, Sustainability, and Supply Chain Practices
Abstract The amount of academic attention given to the notion of philanthropy has increased recently. Despite its significance at an organizational and societal level, philanthropy remains a rather obscure notion – an issue that the... more
Abstract The amount of academic attention given to the notion of philanthropy has increased recently. Despite its significance at an organizational and societal level, philanthropy remains a rather obscure notion – an issue that the present study aims to address. In-depth interviews were conducted with owners of organizations within a rural tourism context who were reciprocally appreciated for their anthropocentricity. The findings reveal that philanthropy should not be restricted to financial aid or charity organizations; it should be expressed with intangible offerings and channeled towards customers and employees alike. The research outcomes make it possible to construct a theoretical conceptual diagram to guide both future researchers and managers of organizations who aspire to acquire a more anthropocentric stance.