Leisure Time Activities

When building-up and handling products for tourism, knowing the travel choices and preferences of subtle markets, just like international students can produce a viable benefit for tourism products. The aim of this study was to discover the travel behavior of international students (Chinese and Indian sub-continental) studying in UK. The study utilized the mixed method approach comprising both quantitative and qualitative research to examine the travel behaviour of international students and to identify the perceived constraints which limits the students’ decision making process for acquiring leisure activity during their studies. With limited time and resources, the survey was conducted on 150 Chinese and Indian Sub-continental students from three major universities and the quantitative data was obtained by using self-administered questionnaire distributed among the students through e-surveys and on-site surveys.

Literature review exposed that an understanding of the Vietnamese students reading habits and their preferences would help related stakeholders to take necessary measures for reading promotion, book publication and design library services in Viet Nam. This study aimed to
investigate Vietnamese students’ desired leisure activities which are related to their attitudes, purposes, preferences and tastes in reading and library habits.
Quantitative methodology and questionnaire approach were followed for this study. A total of 631 usable responses received, comprising 244 university and 387 high school students. The study revealed that reading is still a considerable leisure choice among Vietnamese students
besides browsing the Internet; listening to music; socializing with friends and watching TV. Moreover, in-depth data analysis show that less than 10 percent school and university students are keen on using their school, university and local public libraries as their reading venues.

The study also identified causalities for the slow improvement of the reading habits of Vietnamese students. These are the availability of so many Internet-based leisure options; schools and universities are less operational to make reading a central element of learning, and the limited possibilities for libraries reaching out the broader community to nurture reading and library habits at an early age. It is suggested that more strategic and innovative library activities with proactive service staff are needed to increase library users and help them cultivate reading
habits in Viet Nam.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of meaningful leisure activity in reducing latent deprivation during unemployment. Samples of unemployed {N=201) and employed (N=I28) participants were asked to rate their levels of latent
deprivation using the Access to Categories of Experience Scale. They were also asked to complete the Profile of Mood States depression subscale. Adult Self-Perception Profile. Meaningful Leisure Activities Questionnaire, and to rate the frequency with which they engaged in social and solitary leisure activities- Results indicate that unemployed participants engaged in social leisure activities less frequently than employed participants and solitary leisure activities more frequently; and they reported higher perceived latent deprivation, higher depressive affect and lower self-esteem. Structural Equation Modelling revealed that a sense of latent deprivation contributed to depressive affect and reduced self-esteem in both unemployed and employed samples, although the impact cf latent deprivation upon depressive affect and self-esteem was significantly greater in the unemployed sample. The meaning attained through social and solitary leisure activities acted to reduce perceived latent deprivation, and thus psychological distress, in unemployed participants. However, only social leisure activities had an impact upon latent deprivation and psychological health in the employed sample. Overall, these findings suggest that
participation in leisure activities that are meaningful, rather than simply frequent, may be a constructive and readily achievable coping response during unemployment.

Background & Study Aim: Martial arts and combat sports are a worldwide popular form of exercise. They are trained professionally as well as recreationally. They lead to self-improvement and supporting physical fitness. The aim of the study was relationships between professional and amateur inhabitants of Warsaw practicing combat sports and martial arts training and the level of physical activity.
Material & Methods: There were 157 persons practicing combat sports and martial arts who partook in the research. They were selected from the group of inhabitants of Warsaw aged 15-69 years (n=6547) working in public institutes or learning/studying in Varsovian schools/colleges (academies, schools, theatres, offices, councils, town halls, hypermarkets, shops, hospitals, clinics and scientific departments). The investigative tools were two questionnaires: IPAQ and author′s one (by means of which biometrical data and the information on the subject of places and the character of practiced martial art and sport was collected). For the statistical elaboration the Chi-square test and Tukey Honest Significant Difference (HSD) tests were used.
Results: The studied persons most often (p<0.05) were characterized with the moderate (56.1%) level of physical activity. The highest fraction of persons with high level of physical activity was noted among those training professionally (24.6%), though there was no essential difference in this regard among those exercising recreationally. It was inverse in the case of the low level which relatively more often (p<0.05) referred to those undertaking martial arts and combat sports during their free time (35.0%). The entire weekly energy input of persons practicing martial arts and combat sports recreationally (1700.6±2728.3 MET-min/week) indeed differed (p<0.05) from the energy-expense of persons training professionally (2825.9±2569.1 MET-min/week).
Conclusions: The level of physical activity of Varsovians practicing martial arts and combat sports is in the vast majority sufficient for maintaining health. The character of trainings is a factor which conditions the lack of fulfilment of WHO norms.

Background: Association between physical activity and mental health has been well documented. Both leisure-time physical activity and emotional intelligence are related to health-related quality of life. Hence, it is important to explore the linkage between these two parameters.
Methods: A total of 126 female university students of age 20-30 years participated in the study. The scores regarding leisure-time physical activity were assessed using International Physical activity questionnaire (long form). Emotional intelligence was assessed by administering a 5-point scale developed by Hyde et al (2002). Normality of data was tested using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Spearman’s rank order test was run to see the relationship between non-parametric continuous data.
Results: Leisure-time physical activity level was significantly positively correlated with the overall emotional intelligence and sub-scales: self-awareness, Self-motivation, emotional stability, managing relations, integrity, self-development, value orientation and commitment (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, no significant correlations were assessed between leisure-time physical activity level and subscales: empathy and altruistic behavior.
Conclusions: Findings of the present study revealed that there is a strong positive correlation between leisure-time physical activity and emotional intelligence.

EXTENDED ABSTRACT

The Definition and Importance: Football sport which gradually raises its place in sport events continues to attract attention of societies (Balyan 2006). Football has become a universal sport branch with a great number of spectators (Efe Öztürk ve Koparan, 2008). In fact, football has the most spectators in all sport branches. Referee has a key role at football. Referees with deciding or not deciding affect football and its spectators with direct or indirect way which can be positively or
negatively. Referees have important role for football, they can help to become more beautiful and more attractive games (Özdayı ve Uğurlu, 2015). There are many studies on physiological anthropometric and performance parameters about referees (Tekin, Savucu ve Ramazanoğlu, 2005). Various psycho-social parameters about them are needed to analysis with scientific perspective because of referees’ important position in football game. Unfortunately, there are few studies about referees’ psycho-social parameters. Our study supporting to literature is considered as important from this point. The Aim: Purpose of study is to investigate relationship among football referees’ leisure time
preferences, communication skills levels among themselves. For this purpose, it has looked for answers of following questions. (1) How is the distribution of scores obtained from this scale of study? (2) Is there any significant differences according to gender in their leisure time assessment and communication skills? (3) Is there any significant differences according to their classification in their leisure time assessment and communication skills? (4) Is there any significant differences according to time of career as a referee in their leisure time assessment and communication skills? (5) How is the relationship between scale of leisure time assessment and communication skills assessment? Content: 198 (34 female, 164 male) volunteer active football referees, whom average of age is 25, 59 ± 5, 49, from various provinces Muğla, İstanbul and Bursa participated this study. This
survey was applied to 210 volunteer football referees with using simple random (stochastic) sampling technique. Inconsistent surveys were deleted and study has been proceeded with 198 participants.
The Method: To get proper data “Leisure-Time Scale” developed by Binarbasi (2006) and “Communication Skills Assessment Scale” developed by Korkut (1996) and “Communication Skills Assessment
Scale” developed by IBDÖ were used to collect data. Cronbach-Alpha was-calculated as 0.779 for “Leisure-Time Scale” including 14 clauses. Cronbach-Alpha was detected as 0.838 for “Communication Skills Assessment Scale” which is 5 point likert-type and includes 25 questions. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey multiple comparison test, regression analysis and Pearson Correlation tests were used. That satisfies the prerequisites of parametric test data skewness and kurtosis (normal distribution case) values and Levene (equality of variance) were decided by examining test results. To determine the reliability of the scale, Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficients were computed. Findings: Participating to the survey football referees, “Leisure Time Scale” and “Communication Skills Assessment” from
arithmetic average of the scores obtained 3.23 - 51 and 3.95 - is estimated to be 45. When we look at the data collected from the referee skewness and kurtosis it is seen to have a normal distribution. At the end of the study it was determined that there was no statistically significant differences communication skills points of football referees when these points were compared according to the genders, but according to gender, statistically significant differences were found in the leisure activity scale (p=0,23). Football referees leisure time and communication skills were analyzed according to the referee category of their score from the communication skills scale statistically to assess the scale significant difference can not be determined (p> 0.05) were statistically significant differences in leisure time scale. It is observed that there is a positive relation at 0, 342 level between the Leisure
Time Scale and Communication Skills Assessment. Discussion: According to the gender of football referees in order to determine their communication skills at the level of a result of the examination of men and women referees’ communication skills between levels the was not identified any significant statistical difference Yildirim and Abakay’s (2015), Çevik (2011), Ozturk and Soytürk the (2015) it is in line with their research. When the joined the research football referee of leisure time were examined according to gender were significant differences statistically significant. Hacıcaferoglu et al. (2014), Kılbaş (2001), Ilhan and Balci (2006) in their studies of the participants leisure time assessment and gender were found significant differences between variables. Results: As a result; the level of communication skills in the study received football referees, gender, categories of refereeing and duration of refereeing variables were determined to have not impact. When we look at the data obtained by means of leisure scale; according to gender and categories of refereeing were significant differences statistically significant. Suggestions: With the information obtained the
researchers will work in this area, football referees and their managers responsible for these recommendations to can be given; (1) The sample group of the survey will be included in all of football referees in the country will be achieved by further expanding the study results can be much more reliable. (2) It might be though that if football referees should interest own sport branch in their leisure times, it helps them to create new ideas about careers. (3) Turkish Football Federation should
give education with sport psychologist to all referees instead of only firs class referees. This helps improving connection between them and footballers, coaches, managers and other people and also brings important advantages to Turkish football referees in medium term.

Hit by the economic and political crisis, young people in Italy face increased labor precarity and the disillusionment derived from the disappearance of the radical Left from the parliamentary arena. In the Italian context, economic hardship, the decrease of resources available for collective action, and the weakened mobilizing capacity that traditional mass organizations (such as trade unions and political parties) retained in the first decade of the 2000s brought about a general decline in intensity and visibility of street protests, leading to an apparent retreat of activism to the local level of action. Although the crisis had a negative impact on collective action, evidence reveals that more creative and less visible forms of societal and political commitment were adopted by young generations in these years. This article explores how the Italian youth in times of crisis engaged actively in alternative and unconventional forms of political commitment aimed at re-appropriating sp...

Résumé (fr)
Dans le but d’explorer les facteurs susceptibles d’influencer le profil des jeunes inscrits dans les mouvements de jeunesse, nous avons interrogé 163 scouts et guides issus de 12 unités rurales en Belgique francophone. Au travers d’une recherche exploratoire basée sur la littérature américaine, canadienne, française et chilienne, trois catégories de facteurs ont été envisagées en rapport avec les caractéristiques personnelles, familiales et celles induites par les pairs. Des descriptions, corrélations de B-Pearson et anovas ainsi que des analyses clusters nous ont permis de mettre en avant l’importance des influences familiales telles que l’appartenance antérieures des parents aux différents mouvements, leur niveau scolaire et statut relationnel. Nous avons aussi pu faire ressortir les relations induites par les pairs en raison de leur valorisation positive des activités et de leur participation. Enfin, les caractéristiques personnelles telles que l’âge et le genre des jeunes sont aussi ressorties comme influentes.

Abstract (en)
In order to explore the factors that influence the profile of young people enrolled in the youth movements, we interviewed 163 scouts and guides from 12 rural and urban units distributed throughout the french part of Belgium. Through an exploratory research based on American, Canadian, French and Chilean literature, three categories of factors were considered in relation to personal, family and peers. Descriptions, B-Pearson correlations, anova’s and cluster’s analyzes enabled us to highlight the importance of family influences such as parents earlier belonging to different movements, parental grade level and parental relationship status. We were also able to highlight the relationship induced by peers for their positive valuation of activities and participation. Finally, personal characteristics such as age and gender of young people also emerged as influential.

Resumen (es)
Con el fin de explorar los factores que influyen en el perfil de los jóvenes inscritos en los movimientos juveniles, se entrevistó a 163 scouts y guías de 12 unidades rurales y urbanas distribuidas en la parte francés hablante de Bélgica. A través de una investigación exploratoria sobre la base de la literatura americana, canadiense, francesa y chilena, tres categorías de factores fueron considerados en relación con las características personales, familiares y las que parecían inducidas por los amigos. Descripciones, correlaciones de B-Pearson, anovas ANOVA y analices cluster nos han permitido poner en evidencia la importancia de las influencias familiares, tales como padres antes pertenecientes a diferentes movimientos, el nivel de grado de los padres y su estado civil. También hemos sido capaces de poner de relieve la relación inducida por los amigos con la valoración positiva de las actividades y su participación. Por último, las características personales como la edad y el sexo de los jóvenes también surgieron como influyentes.

Çalışmanın amacı, serbest etkinlik uygulamaları hakkında öğretmen ve öğrenci görüşlerini
belirlemektir. Araştırma tarama modelinde nitel yöntemle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın
çalışma grubunu, 2011-2012 eğitim-öğretim yılında serbest etkinlik uygulamalarını yürüten ve
farklı ilköğretim okullarında görev yapan 20 beşinci sınıf öğretmeni ve bu okullarda okuyan 151
öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında, öğretmen görüşleri için yarı yapılandırılmış
görüşme tekniğinden, öğrenci görüşleri için açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan anket formundan
yararlanılmıştır. Toplanan veriler, betimsel analiz tekniği kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Her
bir soruya verilmiş olan yanıtların frekans dağılımları temel alınarak doğrudan alıntılara
yer verilerek bulgular açıklanmış ve yorumlanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda öğretmen ve
öğrenciler serbest etkinlik uygulamalarının gerekli olduğu konusunda ortak görüş bildirmişler
fakat içerik konusunda farklı etkinliklerden bahsetmişlerdir. Öğretmenler uygulamaların
öğrencilerin sosyalleşmelerine katkı sağladığını belirtirken okulların fiziksel yönden yetersiz
olduğunu ve etkinlikler hakkında yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadıklarını bildirmişlerdir.

Leisure programs can play an important role in the education, socialization and development of children. On the other hand, the trend of the modern age is the inclusion of children with special educational needs and/or disabilities. If leisure time activities can be combined with integration, an effective outcome can be achieved with multiple benefits. In addition, the type of activities that children choose and their performance in them can play an important role in integrating them into the peer group. The purpose of this article is to present an educational program as an example of an inclusive approach to leisure. This program aimed at recognizing and accepting diversity in an experiential manner. The article presents the three meetings that took place with first-year children, as well as the results of these meetings. Through this program the children came in contact with concepts that even adults have difficulty discussing and understood the difficulties a person with disabili...

2023 Eğitim Vizyonu doğrultusunda Antalya İl Millî Eğitim Müdürlüğü tarafından 2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim yılı bahar döneminde "Okul 2023" projesi uygulamaya konulmuştur. Bu araştırmanın amacı Okul 2023 projesini okul müdürlerinin görüşleri doğrultusunda incelemektir. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması modeliyle yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Okul 2023 projesine dâhil olan 14 okulda görev yapan okul müdürleri oluşturmaktadır. Üç okulda ilk ve ortaokul müdürü aynı olduğu için araştırma kapsamında 11 okul müdürü ile görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Her biri yaklaşık 25 dakika süren görüşmeler, ses kayıt cihazıyla kayıt altına alınmıştır. Toplanan veriler yazıya aktarıldıktan sonra içerik analizi tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir. Analizden elde edilen bulgular tema, alt tema ve kod şeklinde gruplandırılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında elde edilen bulgular incelendiğinde projenin, uygulandığı okullara ve paydaşlarına etkilerinin olduğu ve okulun atmosferini değiştirdiği görülmüştür. Projeyle ilgili okul müdürlerinin görüşlerinin incelenmesi sonucunda projenin genel olarak başarılı olduğu ve uygulanmasının projenin paydaşlarına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Özellikle bireylerin kendilerini tanımalarına ve geliştirmelerine imkân tanıması ve okulu sevilen bir mekân haline getirmesi nedeniyle proje önemli görülmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: 2023 Eğitim Vizyonu, etkili okul, serbest zaman etkinlikleri, okul müdürü. ABSTRACT The School 2023 is a project that was first implemented during 2018-2019 academic year in order to make the schools a more effective place under the coordination of Antalya Provincial Directorate of National Education. In this context, the present study aims at examining the School 2023 project in line with the opinions of the school principals. The case study design of qualitative research methods was adopted in the study. The study group consisted of all the school principals working in 14 schools involved in the School 2023 Project. Since primary and secondary school principals were the same in three schools, interviews were conducted with 11 school principals. Semi-structured interview form prepared by the researchers was used as the data collection tool. Each interview lasted approximately 25 minutes. The collected data were first transcribed and then analysed through content analysis technique. The findings obtained from the analysis were grouped as theme, sub-theme and code. When the findings obtained within the scope of the study were examined, it was observed that the project had an impact on the schools and its stakeholders and changed the atmosphere of the school. As a result of the analysis of the school principals' opinions about the project, it is considered that the project is generally successful and its implementation will contribute to the schools. The project is considered important, especially since it allows individuals to define and develop themselves and to make the school a favourite place.

The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between the levels of life satisfaction and leisure time satisfaction of foreign students study at Erciyes University. The research group totally consists of 220 foreign students, 147 of them are male and 73 of them are female students study at Erciyes University. In order to obtain lesiure time satisfaction level data, ''Leisure Time Satisfaction Scale'' developed by Karlı et al. In 2008 and 'Life Satisfaction Scale' developed in 1985 by Diener et al. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of gender variance, while there was a meaningful difference between the groups according to the place they live, the sporting situation, the type of activity they attended and the way they affect their classes. There was an important difference found between the groups according to their gender, sporting activities, activity types they attended and their influence on their courses, while there was no significant difference found between the groups according to their residence status in life satisfaction levels. There was a positive relationship found between the leisure time satisfaction levels and the life satisfaction levels of the foreign students who participated in the study. As a result, as the level of satisfaction of foreign students who study at Erciyes University increases then their level of satisfaction also increases.

Studies emphasize that school burnout is more intense in secondary and high school education where choices related to the future and expectations become significant in addition to the developmental problems. This study was carried out based on the opinion that expectations and anxiety about the importance of preparation and high performance can cause school burnout in students from the 6th grade to the end of the 8th grade. In this context, the secondary school students' burnout was examined in terms of academic self-efficacy, parental monitoring, social support, leisure activities and demographical characteristics in the study. 396 students from the 6th, 7th, and 8th grade of secondary school in İstanbul province, Kadıköy district participated in this study. The study was designed in a descriptive research model and the data were analyzed in the SPSS program by using t test, variance and correlation analysis techniques. The data of the study was obtained using School Burnout Scale, Academic Self-Efficacy Scale, Parental Monitoring Scale, Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale and personal information form. The correlation analysis show that there were a significant positive association between Burnout School and Academic Self-Efficacy, (r(396) = .44, p=.000), between Burnout School and Frequency of perception, (r(396) = .32, p = .000), and between Burnout School and importance, (r(396) = .34, p=.000), It was found that the level of burn out was higher in female students compared to the male students and parental monitoring was at different dimensions for female and male students. There was also a significance in academic self-efficacy when the education level of the mother increases, and in feeling of insufficiency and academic self-efficacy when the education level of father increases. Also there was a significant difference found in terms of age, grade, family employment status, academic achievement and leisure activities (p<0.05).

Özet Çalışmanın amacı, serbest etkinlik uygulamaları hakkında öğretmen ve öğrenci görüşlerini belirlemektir. Araştırma tarama modelinde nitel yöntemle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2011-2012 eğitim-öğretim yılında serbest etkinlik uygulamalarını yürüten ve farklı ilköğretim okullarında görev yapan 20 beşinci sınıf öğretmeni ve bu okullarda okuyan 151 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında, öğretmen görüşleri için yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniğinden, öğrenci görüşleri için açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan anket formundan yararlanılmıştır. Toplanan veriler, betimsel analiz tekniği kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Her bir soruya verilmiş olan yanıtların frekans dağılımları temel alınarak doğrudan alıntılara yer verilerek bulgular açıklanmış ve yorumlanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda öğretmen ve öğrenciler serbest etkinlik uygulamalarının gerekli olduğu konusunda ortak görüş bildirmişler fakat içerik konusunda farklı etkinliklerden bahsetmişlerdir. Öğretmenler uygulamaların öğrencilerin sosyalleşmelerine katkı sağladığını belirtirken okulların fiziksel yönden yetersiz olduğunu ve etkinlikler hakkında yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadıklarını bildirmişlerdir. Abstract The purpose of this study is to determine the views of teachers and students about the practice of leisure time activities. The research was a qualitative research which was carried out with survey model. The study group consisted of totally 151 students and 20 fifth-grade teachers each two of whom worked in 10 different middle schools and who practiced leisure time actvities in the academic year 2011-2012. Semi-structured interview technique for 1. Bu çalışma, 11. Ulusal Sınıf Öğretmenliği Eğitimi Sempozyumunda sunulan (22-26 Mayıs 2012) ve özet olarak basılan bildiri metnine dayalı olarak hazırlanmıştır.

This work identifies lighting as a non-invasive method for the transformation of a space that simultaneously and unconstructively articulates various activities and does not interfere with the inherited physical framework. Through experimental research and a case study of the "Eastern City Gate of Belgrade" housing settlement in Serbia, which was designed and built in the second half of the 20th century, the activity rhythm of a contemporary user is explored. The research goal was to recognise the decision-making tools for increasing the quality of open public spaces during the night-time mode of use by improving the quality of lighting. The study proposes the new lighting design model that supports night-time leisure activities in mass housing open public spaces in the contemporary urban context.

This paper presents the results of the research on the physical activity of students in the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Prishtina “Hasan Prishtina” Kosovo. The purpose of this cognitive study was to diagnose certain aspects of the lifestyle of students, with a particular focus on physical activity and, the difference in sex. The practical aim, however, was an indication of such actions, arising from past experience that would aim at improving lifestyle, and could lead to the elimination or prevention of certain causes of not making movement activity by the students in our country. The research was conducted by the use of diagnostic survey in the group of 120 people aged 18-37, among whom there were 56 girls and 64 boys. The research material was collected in 2014. The research that was carried out shows that the level of wealth (not so much of the family, but of the whole country) may have an impact on the choice of activities taken by the students. Undoubtedly socio-cultural factors and the tradition of social life, which impose certain ways of spending leisure time (particularly in the case of the students) as we can see in the results obtained, where we also found that there is no statistically significant differences between girls and boys. The above observations, taking into account local conditions, should be the starting point for all those who plan introducing changes in physical education systems in my country in the future.

: The world of development and technology has completely redefined the leisure and pastimes of today’s man. The use of ICT on one hand influences leisure and pastimes of a person, on the other hand, changed pastimes effect the use of ICT. ICT a vast field is inclusive of social media. The paper explores the effects of ICT (Information and communication technology) on leisure and pastimes of people; both young and old and how use of ICT changes the perception and views regarding pastimes. The locale of the study was Universities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The data was collected using the semi structured questionnaire from 80 respondents. The nature of the study was qualitative. The study revealed that the ICT use majorly texting and calls were the major pastimes of the youth, the majority spent at least 1-5 hours on calls that strongly affected the health. The ICT use majorly included social networking that weakened the familial bonds.

Purpose: Turkey has gained a new education policy together with the introduction of 2023 Educational Vision. With this motivation, the Antalya Provincial Directorate of National Education has started a project entitled "School 2023" to contribute to the goals of this vision. This research aimed at examining the opinions of the teachers, one of the greatest shareholders of the project, about the School 2023 Project.
Method: The research adopted the case study design of qualitative research methods. The study group consisted of 27 voluntary teachers, 16 female and 11 male teachers. A semi-structured interview form was used to receive teachers’ opinions about the School 2023 Project. The collected data were analyzed through content analysis technique.
Findings: When the findings of the research were examined, it was observed that although the opinions of the teachers were generally positive, there were some deficiencies about the project. The fact that bringing together different activities with students contributes to equality of opportunity was the most important positive impact of the project. Workshops and materials provided with financial assistance to the schools involved in the project created a positive atmosphere especially at schools in the rural areas. Implications for Research and Practice: The project has the potential to contribute to the
realization of an important reform such as the 2023 Educational Vision. In this respect, transition process of the project can be positively affected when it is carried out in different provinces and within different school types, and the possible effects are evaluated by the researchers.

Inventory and evaluation of geomorphological conditions from Bistrița Ardeleană Gorge for practicing recreational sport activities. Bistrița Ardeleană Gorge is a geomorphological subunit located in the eastern part of Bistrița-Năsăud County, in the Bistrita Bârgăului commune and on the Bistrița Ardeleană River, at the border between Călimani Volcanic Plateau (Dealul Negru-Poiana Cofii) and Bârgău Mountains (Bridirei Ridge-Dealul Pietrei-Ariniş). Normal and periglacial modeling exerted on volcanic agglomerates from here has generated spectacular landforms represented by residual slopes, residual ridges and rock formations (walls, towers, poles, apostles). By their configuration and geomorphometry parameters (height, width, slope, energy, fragmentation) these landforms has a great potential for engaging in recreational activities like hiking, scrambling, ghyll scrambling, gorge walking, rock hopping, rock climbing, rappelling, via ferrata, tyrolean traverse, canyoning and mountain bik...

Participation in organized Extracurricular Activities has contributed to improve academic achievement. However, this does not happen in the same way; it depends on sex, age, or parental educational level. Our objective is to know the importance of these factor interac-tions' in the explanation of academic achievement. The sample consisted of 1148 adolescents, aged between 12 and 18 years, 52% of whom were female. Participants completed the Extracurricular Activities questionnaire, and academic and sociodemographic data were collected. The results show that differences in academic achievement depend on the adolescent stage. In early adolescence, girls improve in academic achievement, as well as with better parental education, reading of books and activity duration. On the contrary, in the middle and late adolescence, academic achievement improves with not participating in collective sports and reduced activity breadth, although parental educational level follows the same trend as in the early adolescence. These results reinforce the evolutionary hypothesis of specialization in the choice of activities throughout adolescence. In this sense, some proposals for schools that advocate for greater integration of curricular and non-curricular elements are discussed.

Hit by the economic and political crisis, young people in Italy face increased labor precarity and the disillusionment derived from the disappearance of the radical Left from the parliamentary arena. In the Italian context, economic hardship, the decrease of resources available for collective action, and the weakened mobilizing capacity that traditional mass organizations (such as trade unions and political parties) retained in the first decade of the 2000s brought about a general decline in intensity and visibility of street protests, leading to an apparent retreat of activism to the local level of action. Although the crisis had a negative impact on collective action, evidence reveals that more creative and less visible forms of societal and political commitment were adopted by young generations in these years. This article explores how the Italian youth in times of crisis engaged actively in alternative and unconventional forms of political commitment aimed at re-appropriating space, free time, and access to leisure, mainly by means of mutualistic practices. Based on data from qualitative semistructured interviews with key informants and activists, this article sheds light on recreational activism, adopted as a political practice by the Italian youth active in counter-cultural spaces, nowadays at the forefront of the struggle to oppose the commodification of free time and leisure.

Nikić, R., Pacić, S., Milićević, M., Eminović, F., Gavrilović, M. (2015). Participacija dece sa smetnjama u razvoju u zabavnim, kulturnim i umetničkim aktivnostima. U M. Petrović (Ur.), Zbornik sažetaka XVIII pedagoški forum scenskih umetnosti "Artikulacija kao sredstvo komunikacije, interpretacije i značenja", Beograd, 11–13. decembar, 2015. (str. 75-77). Beograd: Fakultet muzičke umetnosti. ISBN 978-86-88619-64-6

Leisure activities of university college staff Study aim: To determine the participation of academic teachers in leisure activities for that group contribute to shaping habits of a large percentage of young people. Material and methods: A group of 52 staff members (about 30%) of a private university college, aged 25 - 70 years, were interviewed with respect to their participation in sports, recreation and tourism in the recent year. Chi-square function in the logarithmic form was used in data analysis. Results: Over two-thirds participants declared practicing recreational activities (43% regularly); 80% or more declared short- or long-lasting local trips and 50% declared journeys abroad. Conclusions: The knowledge of benefits brought about by motor activities and the awareness of their necessity stimulate the activities, especially the tourism and recreational ones of people.

In modern times, park gardens and green areas are seen as one of the most important leisure time activities. At the same time, parks that are open spaces for common use within the city are indispensable places for the individual in terms of interaction and socialization. However, it has been seen that there is not enough research on park gardens and green areas in Turkey or in other countries. The purpose of this study is to reveal the factors that affect the motivation to go to park gardens and green areas. In order to accomplish this aim, it was applied a survey of 204 individuals selected with easy sampling method. As a result of the research, it is seen that there are four factors: discharge, personal development, quality life and economic situation and sports activities. Looking at the average of the factors it was determined that discharging has the highest average. This is followed by sports activities and personal development. However, the quality of life and the economic si...

Leisure programs can play an important role in the education, socialization and development of children. On the other hand, the trend of the modern age is the inclusion of children with special educational needs and/or disabilities. If leisure time activities can be combined with integration, an effective outcome can be achieved with multiple benefits. In addition, the type of activities that children choose and their performance in them can play an important role in integrating them into the peer group. The purpose of this article is to present an educational program as an example of an inclusive approach to leisure. This program aimed at recognizing and accepting diversity in an experiential manner. The article presents the three meetings that took place with first-year children, as well as the results of these meetings. Through this program the children came in contact with concepts that even adults have difficulty discussing and understood the difficulties a person with disabilities may face.

Study aim: To determine the participation of academic teachers in leisure activities for that group contribute to
shaping habits of a large percentage of young people.
Material and methods: A group of 52 staff members (about 30%) of a private university college, aged 25 – 70 years,
were interviewed with respect to their participation in sports, recreation and tourism in the recent year. Chi-square
function in the logarithmic form was used in data analysis.
Results: Over two-thirds participants declared practicing recreational activities (43% regularly); 80% or more declared
short- or long-lasting local trips and 50% declared journeys abroad.
Conclusions: The knowledge of benefits brought about by motor activities and the awareness of their necessity
stimulate the activities, especially the tourism and recreational ones of people.

Introduction and objective: In Poland, there are only a few studies that refer to the whole society’s participation in sport and recreation and that are based an the international questionnaire thus allowing for comparative analysis with other European reports. The aim of the study was to determine the association between leisure physical activity and socio-demographic variables. Methods: A survey based on CAPI was carried out in Poland from October to November 2012. A random sample of Polish adults (N=1,633) was interviewed using the IPAQ-long form. The data were analyzed using standard statistical procedures. Results: More than 21% of Polish subjects did not undertake any physical activity in their leisure time. Of those who were physically active, over 70% engaged in vigorous physical activity; only one in four respondents performed moderate physical activity or walking. The average leisure physical activity of the Poles was 1,916.9 ± 2,621 MET-min/week. A comparison of the curre...

In 2017, we started a large scale study on the national level participants of the annual music contest "Jugend musiziert", covering a broad range of topics, including the socio-cultural background, development and learning, performance practice, motivation, health aspects etc. We used a standardized paper-pencil questionnaire (18 pages), which was administered to approx. 2,260 participants. A total of 1,143 valid questionnaires was returned (age 9 to 24; M = 15; SD = 2.1, female = 62%). This paper examines the young musicians’ instrumental careers and practice behaviors in the context of music and media related as well as other leisure activities.