- Department of Linguistics
University of Vienna
Sensengasse 3a
1090 Vienna
Austria
Hannes A . Fellner
University of Vienna, Departament of Linguistics, Faculty Member
- Classics, Indo-european language reconstruction, Indo-European Studies, Tocharian, Comparative Philology, Proto Indo-European, and 186 moreClassical Armenian, Celtic Linguistics, Slavic Historical Linguistics, Historical Syntax, Vedic Sanskrit, Indo-European Linguistics, Old Germanic Languages, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Anatolian Languages, Baltic languages, Historical Linguistics, Indo-Iranian Linguistics, Historical Morphology, Dialectic, Dialectical Materialism, Philosophy Of Language, Linguistics, Morphology, Syntax, Semitic languages, Comparative Semitic Linguistics, Afro-Asiatic Linguistics, Sino-Tibetan Linguistics, Tibeto-Burman Linguistics, Old Chinese Phonology, Morphology, Etymology, Languages and Linguistics, Phonology, Etymology, Anthropological Linguistics, Hittite, Language Variation and Change, Comparative Linguistics, Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), G.W.F. Hegel, Ancient Greek Philosophy, Philosophy, Ontology, Metaphysics, Karl Marx, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Aesthetics, Philosophy of Science, Historical Materialism, Marxism, Ernst Bloch, Georg Lukacs, Walter Benjamin, Sinology, Chinese Philosophy, Chinese Language and Culture, Chinese linguistics, Latin Language and Literature, Sanskrit language and literature, Linguistic Typology, Language Typology, Greek and Latin prosody and metrics, Sabellic languages, Historical Semantics, Native Languages of the Americas, Germanic linguistics, Corpus Linguistics, Native American Languages, Iranian Languages, Ancient Greek Language, Irish (early and modern), History of Latin Language, Irish linguistics, Vedic Grammar and Literature, Chinese, Greek Linguistics, Celtic Languages, Chinese Studies, Assyriology, Avestan (Languages And Linguistics), Armenian Language, Ancient Near Eastern Languages, Language Classification, Old Chinese, Linguistic Theory, Theoretical Linguistics, Dialectology, Language contact, Word formation, Generative linguistics, Distributed Morphology, Language Variation, Mycenaean Greek, Old Iranian Languages, Yiddish Language, Yiddish, Lexical Semantics, History of the Greek language, Latin linguistics, Proto-Germanic, Sinitic Languages, Hieroglyphic Luvian / Luwian, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Ancient Greek Dialects, Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations, Minimalist Syntax, Indo-Aryan Linguistics, Vedic Language and Classical Sanskrit, Linguistic Reconstruction, Slavic Languages, Morphosyntax, Old and Middle Iranian Languages, Historical Phonology, Chinese historical linguistics, rGyalrong, Mon-Khmer linguistics, Early Chinese texts, Early Chinese History, Chinese archaeology, Ancient Chinese Texts, Chinese Philology, Chinese manuscripts, Early China, Shang Dynasty (Archaeology), Excavated manuscripts (China), Dunhuang manuscripts, Turfan Texts, Eurasian Nomads, Archaeology of Central Asia, Xiongnu archaelogy, Scythian and other Eurasian Nomadic Horse Warrior Cultures, Early Steppe Nomadic peoples migrations and social life, Eurasian Prehistory, Silk Road Studies, Eurasian archaeology, Central Asian Studies, Bactria (Archaeology), Grammaticalization, Typology, Endangered Languages, Morphology and Syntax, Mayan Linguistics, Writing systems, Writing Systems & Decipherment, Bactrian, Sogdian, Iranian Studies, Iranian Archaeology, Kushans, Central Asian Archaeology, Chinese Buddhist Translations, Early Indian Buddhism, Buddhist Narrative Literature, Pali literature & language, Indian Buddhism, Central Asian Buddhism, Xinjiang, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Derivational Morphology, Indo-European Etymology, Old Turkic, Old Uyghur, Central Asia, Buddhist Sanskrit, Buddhist Studies, Buddhism, Philology, Indo-European, Gandhara, Kushan history, South Asian Archaeology, Luwian, Lycian, Classical philology, Mycenaean, Ancient Greek Linguistics, Digital Humanities, Tai-Kadai Linguistics, Viticulture & Enology, Austronesian Languages, Austronesian linguistics, Silk Road, Archaeology of the Silk Road, Chinese history (History), Austroasiatic languages, Vietnamese Language, Languages, Buddhist art and architecture, Buddhist Philosophy, Proto-Indo-European reconstruction, Khotanese, Classical Philology, and Italic Languagesedit
- Associate Professor, Department of Linguistics and Division Digital Philology at the Department of European and Compa... moreAssociate Professor, Department of Linguistics and Division Digital Philology at the Department of European and Comparative Literature and Language Studies, University of Vienna
PI of the project 'The Characters that shaped the Silk Road - A Database and Digital Paleography of Tarim Brahmi' at the Department of Linguistics, University of Vienna in collaboration with the Centre of Digital Humanities, Austrian Academy of Sciences funded by Austrian Science Fund [FWF]'s START program.
Academic Positions:
Associate Professor, Department of Linguistics, University of Vienna, since 2021
Principal Investigator, Department of Linguistics, University of Vienna, since 2018
Assistant Professor, Department of Linguistics, University of Vienna, 2019-2021
Assistant Professor, Leiden University Centre of Linguistics, Leiden University, 2017-2018
Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Linguistics, University of Vienna, 2013-2017
Education:
Ph.D., Linguistics, Harvard University (2013)
M.A., Linguistics, Harvard University (2008)
Mag. phil. (M.A.), Linguistics, University of Vienna (2005)
Research interests:
Historical linguistics
Indo-European morphology
Tocharian philology and linguistics
Central Asian and Silk Road studies
Digital Philology and Digital Humanities
Member of the Young Academy of the Austrian Academy of Sciences
Director of the Austrian Institute for Research on China and Southeast Asia
Board member of the Fondazione Centro di Studi Filosofici (Sant'Abbondio, Schwitzerland)edit
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The popularity of computational methods in historical linguistics has primarily been motivated by mere access to the new methods themselves, rather than by looking for tools to solve problems. Investigators have looked for problems with... more
The popularity of computational methods in historical linguistics has primarily been motivated by mere access to the new methods themselves, rather than by looking for tools to solve problems. Investigators have looked for problems with which to showcase their tools. This dynamic is one reason why eye-catching but long-solved problems, such as the homeland of the Indo-Europeans (Gray & Atkinson 2003) have received more attention than genuinely unsolved or controversial questions, such as how to incorporate the Hittite ḫi-conjugation into an understanding of the Indo-European verbal system (Jasanoff 2003). One assumption of Bayesian methods is that cognacy can be conceptualized as binary. Although this is how historical linguists themselves often speak, it is not how they work. The goal of this article is to more precisely delimit what is meant when we call two words cognate, to emphasize that this is not a binary relation, but to suggest that this relationship can still be modeled formally.
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, and 15 moreVedic Sanskrit, Comparative Linguistics, Morphosyntax, Anatolian Languages, Hittite, Tocharian, Linguistics, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Morphology and Syntax, Word formation, Participles, Indo-European, and Indo-European Etymology
In: Hannes A. Fellner, Melanie Malzahn & Michaël Peyrot (eds.), lyuke wmer ra. Indo-European Studies in Honor of Georges-Jean Pinault. Ann Arbor: Beech Stave. ix-x.
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Languages and Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Morphosyntax, and 8 moreTocharian, Linguistics, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Negation, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, and Indo-European Etymology
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If you would like a copy of the paper, please send me a message.
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The purpose of this paper is to provide a first introduction to our research project The Characters that Shaped the Silk Road—A Database and Digital Paleography of Tarim Brahmi. The project aims to provide a comprehensive paleographic... more
The purpose of this paper is to provide a first introduction to our research project The Characters that Shaped the Silk Road—A Database and Digital Paleography of Tarim Brahmi.
The project aims to provide a comprehensive paleographic survey of the Brahmi variant of Central Asia and, to that end, develop digital tools for the study of this writing system, which will also be available to the public.
After introducing some preliminaries on our research object and the structure of our database, we present three case studies on Tocharian B that demonstrate how the system we are developing can already be used to gain new insights into the relationship between the different variants of the writing system, as well as the relationship between paleographic and linguistic variation.
The project aims to provide a comprehensive paleographic survey of the Brahmi variant of Central Asia and, to that end, develop digital tools for the study of this writing system, which will also be available to the public.
After introducing some preliminaries on our research object and the structure of our database, we present three case studies on Tocharian B that demonstrate how the system we are developing can already be used to gain new insights into the relationship between the different variants of the writing system, as well as the relationship between paleographic and linguistic variation.
Research Interests: Philology, Digital Humanities, Languages and Linguistics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, and 15 moreCentral Asian Studies, Central Asia (History), Silk Road Studies, Paleography, Corpus Linguistics, Xinjiang, Tocharian, Central Asia, Writing systems, Indo-European Linguistics, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Historical Phonology, Digital Paleography, Brahmic Scripts, and Central Asian Societies
The replies to Fellner and Hill (this volume) present the practice of historical linguistics in the study of the Trans-Himalayan family as on the trail our Indo-European forbears blazed. The replies further present "word families" and... more
The replies to Fellner and Hill (this volume) present the practice of historical linguistics in the study of the Trans-Himalayan family as on the trail our Indo-European forbears blazed. The replies further present "word families" and "allofams" as beacons that light this path; we disagree. Our respondents overlook the different status of reconstructions in the two families. Research at the subgroup level that they point to as Neogrammarian implements a formalist approach to reconstruction, which, fine as far as it goes, lacks the sophistication of reconstructions in more mature disciplines. Not appreciating the different status of reconstruction in the two families, our respondents exaggerate the extent to which Indo-European evinces "word family"-like phenomena and present allofams as more synchronically plausible than they are. Keywords reconstruction-Trans-Himalayan-Indo-European-methodology-word families
Research Interests:
Linguists researching the Trans-Himalayan family do not have a self-perception as working outside the mainstream of historical linguistics, but 'word families' and 'allo-fams' are important elements in their thinking despite the absence... more
Linguists researching the Trans-Himalayan family do not have a self-perception as working outside the mainstream of historical linguistics, but 'word families' and 'allo-fams' are important elements in their thinking despite the absence of these terms in the wider discipline. A close examination of the practice of historical linguistics in Indo-European and Trans-Himalayan leads to the conclusion that those phenomena treated as word families admit superior analyses in more traditional terms.
Research Interests:
Verbal governing compounds (VGC) in Tocharian were discovered by Bernhard (1958) and first systematically treated by Malzahn (2012). According to Malzahn there are two main types of VGC: (1) a type that ends in TB -i TA -e built to verbal... more
Verbal governing compounds (VGC) in Tocharian were discovered by Bernhard (1958) and first systematically treated by Malzahn (2012). According to Malzahn there are two main types of VGC: (1) a type that ends in TB -i TA -e built to verbal roots without a-character (TB yolo-yāmi ‘evil doing’: TB yām- ‘make, do’; TA rī-pāṣe ‘protecting the city’: TA pās- ‘protect’); (2) a type that ends in TB -a TA -ø built to verbal roots with a-character (TB yolo-rita ‚seeking evil: TB ritā- ‘seek’; TA ṣotre-lyak ‘seeing signs’: TA läkā- ‘see’).
Malzahn treats the VGCs in TB -i TA -e as an innovation based on PIE bahuvrīhis/root compounds. She explains the second type in TB -a TA -ø as inherited compounds ending in *-eh2 (Gk. βουζύγης ‘yoking oxen’, Lat. agricola ‘cultivating the land’) and root compounds with second members that ended in a laryngeal.
Based on new evidence this paper argues that the distribution of the Tocharian VGCs does not depend on root structure, but is connected to present stem formation. It will be shown that VGCs in TB -i TA -e pattern with thematic present stems classes, whereas VGCs in TB -a TA -ø pattern with athematic present stem classes.
This morphological analysis together with recent progress in the understanding of PIE compounds in *-eh2 (Fellner&Grestenberger 2016) will shed new light on the prehistory of Tocharian VGCs. Following Fellner&Grestenberger 2016 and Fellner 2014 I argue that the VGCs in TB -a TA -ø cannot be traced back to compounds ending *-eh2 or roots nouns with final laryngeals on morphological and phonological grounds.
Based on the fact that VGCs in TB -a TA -ø show the same inflection as other verbal nouns, e.g., the nt-participles (TB näkṣeñca TA näkṣant: TBA näk- ‘destroy’), I show that they have to be traced back to IE compounds that were renewed as *ōn-stems and can thus be equated with Germanic compounds of the type OHG herizogo < PGmc. *harjatugô ‘leader of the army, duke’.
Malzahn treats the VGCs in TB -i TA -e as an innovation based on PIE bahuvrīhis/root compounds. She explains the second type in TB -a TA -ø as inherited compounds ending in *-eh2 (Gk. βουζύγης ‘yoking oxen’, Lat. agricola ‘cultivating the land’) and root compounds with second members that ended in a laryngeal.
Based on new evidence this paper argues that the distribution of the Tocharian VGCs does not depend on root structure, but is connected to present stem formation. It will be shown that VGCs in TB -i TA -e pattern with thematic present stems classes, whereas VGCs in TB -a TA -ø pattern with athematic present stem classes.
This morphological analysis together with recent progress in the understanding of PIE compounds in *-eh2 (Fellner&Grestenberger 2016) will shed new light on the prehistory of Tocharian VGCs. Following Fellner&Grestenberger 2016 and Fellner 2014 I argue that the VGCs in TB -a TA -ø cannot be traced back to compounds ending *-eh2 or roots nouns with final laryngeals on morphological and phonological grounds.
Based on the fact that VGCs in TB -a TA -ø show the same inflection as other verbal nouns, e.g., the nt-participles (TB näkṣeñca TA näkṣant: TBA näk- ‘destroy’), I show that they have to be traced back to IE compounds that were renewed as *ōn-stems and can thus be equated with Germanic compounds of the type OHG herizogo < PGmc. *harjatugô ‘leader of the army, duke’.
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Digital Humanities, Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, and 15 moreAncient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Syntax, Vedic Sanskrit, Comparative Linguistics, Corpus Linguistics, Tocharian, Old Germanic Languages, Linguistics, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Ancient Greek Language, Proto-Indo-European reconstruction, and Historical Phonology
Research Interests: History, Economic History, International Trade, Central Asian Studies, Central Asia (History), and 15 moreSilk Road, Silk Road Studies, China, Economic history/Trade history/Oriental trade, Central Asian History (Area Studies), China studies, Central Asia, Contemporary China, Archaeology of Central Asia, China's foreign policy, Silk Road Archaeology, Archaeology of the Silk Road, History of Great Trade Routes, Trade Routes, and One Belt One Road
Since early 2011 the Linguistics Department at the University of Vienna has hosted a project to create an electronic edition of all available Tocharian manuscript fragments combined with a linguistic database (Comprehensive Edition of... more
Since early 2011 the Linguistics Department at the University of Vienna has hosted a project to create an electronic edition of all available Tocharian manuscript fragments combined with a linguistic database (Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts [CEToM]: www.univie.ac.at/tocharian). The present study demonstrates how the CEToM database can effectively be employed in the study of Tocharian B phonology, specifically its accentual system. Jasanoff (2015) argued that the location of the stress accent is the result of sonority-based principles. The eventual goal of our ongoing study is to test the predictions of Jasanoff’s proposal on the entire Tocharian B nominal system. To that end we present an early version of an algorithm implemented in Perl that automatically determines the underlying accent of nominal stems.
Research Interests: Languages, Humanities Computing (Digital Humanities), Synchronic Linguistics (Or Descriptive Linguistics), Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Digital Humanities, and 15 moreLanguages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Phonology, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Comparative Linguistics, Corpus Linguistics, Tocharian, Linguistics, Theoretical Linguistics, Indo-European Linguistics, Phonetics and Phonology, General linguistics, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, and Historical Phonology
In this paper we argue that the suffixes *-nt- and *-mh1no- were grammaticalized as active and middle participles after Anatolian left the family. Anatolian inherited *-nt-, which originally functioned as a denominal possessive suffix. In... more
In this paper we argue that the suffixes *-nt- and *-mh1no- were grammaticalized as active and middle participles after Anatolian left the family. Anatolian inherited *-nt-, which originally functioned as a denominal possessive suffix. In Hittite, the *-nt-suffix is used to form verbal adjectives that express a state and are primarily object oriented (similar to *-to- in the “inner-Indo-European” languages). We propose that the reinterpretation of stative-intransitive verbal adjectives as processual (Hitt. ānt- ‘hot’ → ‘being hot’) and the subsequent usage of the nt-suffix with non-stative intransitive verbs and transitive verbs paved the way for its development to an active, subject-oriented participle in inner-Indo-European languages. This process independently took place in Hittite with certain verbs (e. g., adānt- ‘eating’/‘eaten’).
We show that the usage of *-nt- in Tocharian does not differ qualitatively from that of the inner-Indo-European languages and that *-mh1no-, albeit synchronically grammaticalized as gerund-like form, originally had the same function in Tocharian as its reflexes in the inner-Indo-European languages. With respect to their participial morphology, Tocharian is therefore less archaic as previously thought and patterns with the inner-Indo-European languages, while the Anatolian branch remains the most archaic one in the family.
We show that the usage of *-nt- in Tocharian does not differ qualitatively from that of the inner-Indo-European languages and that *-mh1no-, albeit synchronically grammaticalized as gerund-like form, originally had the same function in Tocharian as its reflexes in the inner-Indo-European languages. With respect to their participial morphology, Tocharian is therefore less archaic as previously thought and patterns with the inner-Indo-European languages, while the Anatolian branch remains the most archaic one in the family.
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, Ancient Indo-European Languages, and 21 moreIndo-European Studies, Vedic Language and Classical Sanskrit, Syntax, Vedic Sanskrit, Anatolian Languages, Hittite, Tocharian, Avestan (Languages And Linguistics), Linguistics, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Morphology and Syntax, Ancient Greek Language, Diachronic Syntax, Latin linguistics, Participles, Diachronic Phonology, Ancient Greek Linguistics, Indo-European, and Comparative Indo-European Linguistics
Tocharian employs a number of semantically and morphologically related agent formations in B -a and A -ø (formations in B-tsa A-ts, B-ntsa, A-nt, B-nta A-nt, the nt-participle B -ñca A -nt, formations in B -uca, and verbal governing... more
Tocharian employs a number of semantically and morphologically related agent formations in B -a and A -ø (formations in B-tsa A-ts, B-ntsa, A-nt, B-nta A-nt, the nt-participle B -ñca A -nt, formations in B -uca, and verbal governing compounds in B -a A -ø) that all inflect in the same way. While there have been different proposals about the PIE origin of these formations, the synchronic patterning of these formations in Tocharian has largely been outside the focus of recent studies. This paper focuses on the syntax and semantics of the agent formations in Tocharian B -a and A -ø. It shows that the a-cross-the-board categorization of this morphological category as agent nouns sensu stricto in the newer literature is not warranted and that the majority of these agent formations are participial based on the criteria auf case assignment, attributive use and modification by adverbs.
Research Interests: Languages, Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, and 18 moreAncient Indo-European Languages, Sanskrit language and literature, Indo-European Studies, Syntax, Sanskrit, Buddhist Sanskrit, Comparative Linguistics, Corpus Linguistics, Tocharian, Linguistics, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Morphology and Syntax, Participles, Adjectives, Indo-European, and Comparative Indo-European Linguistics
This paper argues that the variation found in the gerundives across and within the Tocharian languages is best explained by assuming that Tocharian inherited two suffixes *-lo- and *-lii̯o-. In the prehistory of Tocharian these suffixes... more
This paper argues that the variation found in the gerundives across and within the Tocharian languages is best explained by assuming that Tocharian inherited two suffixes *-lo- and *-lii̯o-. In the prehistory of Tocharian these suffixes stood in a derivational relationship typical for Indo-European gerundive formations. It is shown that the various forms of the gerundive in Tocharian B and the divergence between the two Tocharian languages concerning the paradigm of the gerundive can best be explained by a conflation of *-lo- and -lii̯o- that followed the collapse of masculine and neuter in the prehistory of Tocharian.
Research Interests: Languages, Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Classics, Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, and 27 moreIndo-european language reconstruction, Semantics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Syntax, Sanskrit, Vedic Sanskrit, Comparative Linguistics, Anatolian Languages, Hittite, Tocharian, Linguistics, Slavic Historical Linguistics, Indo-Iranian Linguistics, Slavic Linguistics, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Armenian Language, Proto Indo-European, Morphology and Syntax, Ancient Greek Language, Latin linguistics, Ancient Greek Linguistics, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Linguistics. Word-formation. Morphology. Lexicology. Semantics., and Derivational Morphology
We argue that the Greek and Latin masculine verbal governing compounds in *-ā of the type Gk. βαθυ-δίνης and Lat. agricola are remnants of an older individualizing/substantivizing function of the suffix *‑eh2, following Nussbaum (2014)... more
We argue that the Greek and Latin masculine verbal governing compounds in *-ā of the type Gk. βαθυ-δίνης and Lat. agricola are remnants of an older individualizing/substantivizing function of the suffix *‑eh2, following Nussbaum (2014) and Melchert (2014). This analysis provides additional evidence for the claim that the use of PIE *‑eh2 as a feminine marker was a relatively late development
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Phonology, Indo-european language reconstruction, and 32 moreGreek Language, Semantics, Slavic Languages, Ancient Indo-European Languages, History of Latin Language, Indo-European Studies, Syntax, Anatolian Languages, Luwian, Lycian, Latin Language and Literature, Old Germanic Languages, Classical philology, Slavic Historical Linguistics, Greek Linguistics, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Morphology and Syntax, Mycenaean, Ancient Greek Language, Latin linguistics, Greek Philology, Ancient Greek Linguistics, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Linguistics. Word-formation. Morphology. Lexicology. Semantics., Indo-European Etymology, Derivational Morphology, Proto-Indo-European reconstruction, Historical Phonology, and Myceanean Greek
Mit der 'Ein Gürtel - eine Straße'-Initiative der chinesischen Regierung zur Wiederbelebung der Seidenstraße kommt insbesondere dem Uigurischen Autonomen Gebiet Xinjiang eine bedeutende Rolle. Diese Region spielte seit jeher eine wichtige... more
Mit der 'Ein Gürtel - eine Straße'-Initiative der chinesischen Regierung zur Wiederbelebung der Seidenstraße kommt insbesondere dem Uigurischen Autonomen Gebiet Xinjiang eine bedeutende Rolle. Diese Region spielte seit jeher eine wichtige Rolle als Brücke zwischen China und dem Westen. Durch Xinjiang lief die Hauptroute der alten Seidenstraße, in deren Zentren eine gehobene städtische multiethnische Kultur blühte, die China, Zentralasien und Europa nachhaltig prägen sollte.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
There are two Tocharian languages known to us from original manuscripts found along the Silk Road. The greater part of these manuscripts dates back to the fifth through eighth centuries CE, and almost all of them are in a fragmentary... more
There are two Tocharian languages known to us from original manuscripts found along the Silk Road. The greater part of these manuscripts dates back to the fifth through eighth centuries CE, and almost all of them are in a fragmentary state. There are no contemporary languages of the Tocharian branch. Given these facts, the interpretation of the documents highly depends on cooperation with neighboring disciplines and the philologies of other Central Asian languages. In order to facilitate an interdisciplinary approach, the University of Vienna has been hosting an online edition project of Tocharian manuscripts funded by the FWF — Austrian Science Fund and cooperating with many other institutions and people since early 2011. It is the ultimate aim of the project to offer a single platform for the presentation of Tocharian text documents with photographs, transliterations, transcriptions, translations, commentaries, and information about linguistic features.
Research Interests: Buddhism, Digital Humanities, Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Buddhist Studies, and 17 moreAncient Indo-European Languages, Sanskrit language and literature, Indo-European Studies, Central Asian Studies, Central Asia (History), Silk Road, Silk Road Studies, Buddhist Sanskrit, Xinjiang, Tocharian, Linguistics, Central Asian History (Area Studies), Central Asia, Indo-European Linguistics, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, and History of the Silk Road
This paper treats the meaning and origin of the two enigmatic Tocharian A words tläś and lkäś. Based on our new edition and translation of the fragment THT 318/319 we propose that TA tläś belongs to the root tälā- ‘to lift up, carry,... more
This paper treats the meaning and origin of the two enigmatic Tocharian A words tläś and lkäś. Based on our new edition and translation of the fragment THT 318/319 we propose that TA tläś belongs to the root tälā- ‘to lift up, carry, bear’ and is a verbal noun meaning ‘the lifting up’. Similarly, relying on a Sanskrit parallel text and arguments from Tocharian derivational morphology we argue that TA lkäś is a verbal noun meaning ‘light’ which is built to the root luk- ‘light up, be illuminated’. We trace the formation of these two TA verbal nouns back to the PIE suffix *-nt-i-, comparable to the Hittite tukkanzi-type.
Research Interests: Philology, Buddhism, Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, and 19 moreIndo-european language reconstruction, Buddhist Studies, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Sanskrit language and literature, Indo-European Studies, Buddhist Sanskrit, Xinjiang, Hittite, Tocharian, Central Asia, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Indo-European Etymology, Derivational Morphology, Old Turkic, Old Uyghur, and Historical Phonology
This paper deals with the synchronic problems and diachronic patterning of the frequent Tocharian adjectives in B -tse A -ts and related categories.
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Historical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, Historical Morphology, Ancient Indo-European Languages, and 15 moreIndo-European Studies, Comparative Linguistics, Luwian, Lycian, Tocharian, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Indo-European Etymology, Derivational Morphology, Indo-European Languages, Proto-Indo-European language, Proto-Indo-European reconstruction, and Indo-European phonology and morphology
Tocharian employs a number of different “agent formations” that all seem to be semantically and morphologically related. The nt-participle in B -ñca A -nt also belongs to this morphological class. From a comparative and historical point... more
Tocharian employs a number of different “agent formations” that all seem to be semantically and morphologically related. The nt-participle in B -ñca A -nt also belongs to this morphological class. From a comparative and historical point of view three things about these forms are in need of explanation: (1) The root-final palatalization of the nt-participles to thematic verbs, (2) the suffix-final palatalization in Tocharian B, and (3) the inflectional pattern with B -a and A -Ø, as in the other agent formations. I argue that the stem-final palatalization of the nt-participles in is an inner-Tocharian innovation based on analogy with the functionally related gerundives. The difference in suffix-final palatalization between B -ñca and A -nt is best explained by a morphological renewal in the history of Tocharian B that was based on a derivational variant of old *nt-participles. Finally, the ā-inflection of the Tocharian nt-participles can be compared to the inflection of present participles in NE Germanic and goes back to PIE individualizing stems in *-ō̆n-.
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Historical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, Historical Morphology, Ancient Indo-European Languages, and 13 moreIndo-European Studies, Comparative Linguistics, Tocharian, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Derivational Morphology, Indo-European Languages, Proto-Indo-European language, Proto-Indo-European reconstruction, Indo-European phonology and morphology, and Historical Phonology
Recently the more intensive study of Tocharian nominal morphology has given rise to a fresh look on gender in Tocharian. Kim (2009) claims that Tocharian even shows more archaic features than the so-called inner-Indo-European... more
Recently the more intensive study of Tocharian nominal morphology has given rise to a fresh look on gender in Tocharian. Kim (2009) claims that Tocharian even shows more archaic features than the so-called inner-Indo-European (“Brugmannian”) languages in terms of female gender. According to Kim, these features contribute to the arguments that Tocharian was the second language to split off the post-Anatolian Indo-European speech community (see Jasanoff 1988, 2003, Ringe 2000, Ringe et al. 2002).
In this paper some arguments of Kim (2009) will be reviewed and the Tocharian evidence for the feminine will be submitted to closer philological and linguistic scrutiny. It is argued that Tocharian inherited the same gender system as the other “Brugmannian” languages and that there is no need to view Tocharian as more archaic than, e. g., Vedic or Greek, when it comes to feminine gender.
In this paper some arguments of Kim (2009) will be reviewed and the Tocharian evidence for the feminine will be submitted to closer philological and linguistic scrutiny. It is argued that Tocharian inherited the same gender system as the other “Brugmannian” languages and that there is no need to view Tocharian as more archaic than, e. g., Vedic or Greek, when it comes to feminine gender.
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Historical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, Historical Morphology, Ancient Indo-European Languages, and 17 moreIndo-European Studies, Comparative Linguistics, Morphosyntax, Tocharian, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Indoeuropean languages, Indoeuropean Studies, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Agreement, Derivational Morphology, Indo-European Languages, Proto-Indo-European language, Proto-Indo-European reconstruction, Indo-European phonology and morphology, and Historical Phonology
"Recently, there have been attempts to challenge the status of PIE *-eh2 as a feminine suffix in Tocharian. It has been claimed that there are virtually no traces of *-eh2 in Tocharian nominal morphology and that the instances of *-eh2... more
"Recently, there have been attempts to challenge the status of PIE *-eh2 as a feminine suffix in Tocharian. It has been claimed that there are virtually no traces of *-eh2 in Tocharian nominal morphology and that the instances of *-eh2 that are found do only reflect the continuants of PIE neuter collectives/abstracts. Based on these assumptions, the Tocharian gender system has been interpreted as preserving a more archaic state than the other non-Anatolian languages. I argue that the Tocharian evidence does not permit such far-reaching claims. Based on the Tocharian gender and agreement system, I show that it inherited PIE *-eh2 as a feminine marker just like the other non-Anatolian languages."
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Historical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, Historical Morphology, Ancient Indo-European Languages, and 17 moreIndo-European Studies, Comparative Linguistics, Morphosyntax, Tocharian, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Indoeuropean languages, Indoeuropean Studies, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Agreement, Indoeuropean Linguistics, Derivational Morphology, Indo-European Languages, Proto-Indo-European reconstruction, Indo-European phonology and morphology, and Historical Phonology
This paper scatches the outlines of a philosophy of language from a perspective of dialectical philosophy based on the work of Hans Heinz Holz.
Research Interests:
This paper offers a collection of Tocharian verbs that continue PIE eh2-preterite morphology in their preterite particples.
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Historical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, Historical Morphology, Ancient Indo-European Languages, and 16 moreIndo-European Studies, Comparative Linguistics, Tocharian, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Indoeuropean languages, Indoeuropean Studies, Verbal Morphology, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Indoeuropean Linguistics, Derivational Morphology, Indo-European Languages, Proto-Indo-European reconstruction, Indo-European phonology and morphology, and Historical Phonology
As will become clear from the introductory remarks to this article, there are up to seven different kinds of signatures by which Tocharian texts from the Berlin collection can be and actually have been quoted, so the reader may find this... more
As will become clear from the introductory remarks to this article, there are up to seven different kinds of signatures by which Tocharian texts from the Berlin collection can be and actually have been quoted, so the reader may find this a useful tool.
Research Interests:
This paper gives an overview of the various expeditions to the Tarim Basin at the beginning of the 20th century. Knowing where the manuscripts come from, and under what circumstances they were found, is not only a matter of historical... more
This paper gives an overview of the various expeditions to the Tarim Basin at the beginning of the 20th century. Knowing where the manuscripts come from, and under what circumstances they were found, is not only a matter of historical interest, but is vital for two reasons. For one thing, it helps understanding how the different collections were compiled – and there is no collection of Tocharian texts that did not have a complicated fate of one kind or another. For another, it is linguistically important to locate the respective site a manuscript hails from, because the linguistic remnants of Tocharian B are to be subdivided into different varieties, a fact discovered by Werner Winter in 1955. For this reason, the question of allocating manuscripts to Turkestan find spots is a topic in the articles concerned with the collections and concordances.
Research Interests:
One of the many problems in Tocharian historical phonology is the development of labiovelars. Though progress has been made in recent years the exact history of the PIE labiovelars and sequences of palatal/velar plus *u/*w in Tocharian... more
One of the many problems in Tocharian historical phonology is the development of labiovelars. Though progress has been made in recent years the exact history of the PIE labiovelars and sequences of palatal/velar plus *u/*w in Tocharian has still to be written. The interesting fact that in the Tocharian script two reflexes of the Proto-Tocharian labiovelar in Tocharian B, namely <kw> and <ku>, compared to only one in Tocharian A, i.e., <ku>, has further complicated the picture. In this study it is argued that the two reflexes of the Proto-Tocharian labiovelar in Tocharian B can be explained as the interference of different phonostyles.
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Historical Linguistics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Comparative Linguistics, and 8 moreTocharian, Writing systems, Indo-European Linguistics, Indoeuropean languages, Indoeuropean Studies, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Indoeuropean Linguistics, and Historical Phonology
The Yellow Peril, be it economic, political, cultural or military, is the focus of the world's media and the focal point of debates among politicians. For the first time, 20 experts from Europe, Asia, America and Africa have been brought... more
The Yellow Peril, be it economic, political, cultural or military, is the focus of the world's media and the focal point of debates among politicians. For the first time, 20 experts from Europe, Asia, America and Africa have been brought together for a book in which this hot topic is examined from all sides. At a time when the discussion about China is heavily characterized by polemics, the work shows the reader the way to objective information and assessments.
Research Interests:
Established in 1987, Tocharian and Indo-European Studies (TIES) is an international scholarly journal with contributions in English, German and French. The journal’s central topic is formed by the two closely related languages Tocharian A... more
Established in 1987, Tocharian and Indo-European Studies (TIES) is an international scholarly journal with contributions in English, German and French. The journal’s central topic is formed by the two closely related languages Tocharian A and B, attested in Central Asian Buddhist manuscripts dating from the second half of the first millennium AD. It focuses on philological and linguistic aspects of Tocharian, and its relation with the other Indo-European languages. Founded by Jörundur Hilmarsson. Edited by Birgit Anette Olsen (executive editor), Hannes Fellner, Michaël Peyrot, and Georges-Jean Pinault.
Research Interests: Philology, Languages, Buddhism, Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Languages and Linguistics, and 15 moreHistorical Linguistics, Buddhist Philosophy, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Sanskrit language and literature, Indo-European Studies, Central Asian Studies, Xinjiang, Tocharian, Linguistics, Indian Buddhism, Central Asia, Indo-European Linguistics, Iranian Languages, Indology, and Indo-European
Research Interests:
Akten der Tagung der Indogermanischen Gesellschaft vom 13. bis 16. September 2016 in Wien
Research Interests: Languages and Linguistics, Phonology, Indo-european language reconstruction, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, and 8 moreSyntax, Linguistics, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, and Indo-European Etymology
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Historical Syntax, Ancient Indo-European Languages, and 15 moreSanskrit language and literature, Ayurveda (Sanskrit language and literature), Indo-European Studies, Khotanese, Syntax, Vedic Sanskrit, Grammaticalization, Linguistics, Indo-Iranian Linguistics, Old Persian, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Indo-European, Gāndhārī, and Indo-European Etymology
Edited by Hannes A. Fellner, Melanie Malzahn and Michaël Peyrot
Research Interests:
Established in 1987, Tocharian and Indo-European Studies (TIES) is an international scholarly journal with contributions in English, German and French. The journal’s central topic is formed by the two closely related languages Tocharian... more
Established in 1987, Tocharian and Indo-European Studies (TIES) is an international scholarly journal with contributions in English, German and French.
The journal’s central topic is formed by the two closely related languages Tocharian A and B, attested in Central Asian Buddhist manuscripts dating from the second half of the first millennium AD. It focuses on philological and linguistic aspects of Tocharian, and its relation with the other Indo-European languages.
Founded by Jörundur Hilmarsson.
Edited by Birgit Anette Olsen (executive editor), Hannes Fellner, Michaël Peyrot, and Georges-Jean Pinault.
The journal’s central topic is formed by the two closely related languages Tocharian A and B, attested in Central Asian Buddhist manuscripts dating from the second half of the first millennium AD. It focuses on philological and linguistic aspects of Tocharian, and its relation with the other Indo-European languages.
Founded by Jörundur Hilmarsson.
Edited by Birgit Anette Olsen (executive editor), Hannes Fellner, Michaël Peyrot, and Georges-Jean Pinault.
Research Interests: Philology, Languages, Buddhism, Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, and 15 moreBuddhist Philosophy, Buddhist Studies, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Sanskrit language and literature, Indo-European Studies, Central Asian Studies, Central Asia (History), Xinjiang, Tocharian, Linguistics, Central Asia, Indo-European Linguistics, Iranian Languages, Indology, and Indo-European
In June 2013, Tocharian Texts in Context, the first international conference on Tocharian manuscripts and Silk Road culture, was held at the University of Vienna. Studying the two Tocharian languages and their historical and cultural... more
In June 2013, Tocharian Texts in Context, the first international conference on Tocharian manuscripts and Silk Road culture, was held at the University of Vienna. Studying the two Tocharian languages and their historical and cultural background is impossible in isolation; cooperation with neighbouring disciplines is absolutely necessary. Tocharian Texts in Context for the first time brought together experts from these various fields.
This volume is a collection of twenty-three papers that have originated from this conference. The topics of the contributions range from Tocharian philology and linguistics to studies on Sanskrit, Old Uyghur, Middle Iranian, historical and archaeological research on the region where Tocharian was spoken, and the history of Silk Road Studies. This broad scope makes the book indispensable for anyone studying Tocharian and its cultural context.
This volume is a collection of twenty-three papers that have originated from this conference. The topics of the contributions range from Tocharian philology and linguistics to studies on Sanskrit, Old Uyghur, Middle Iranian, historical and archaeological research on the region where Tocharian was spoken, and the history of Silk Road Studies. This broad scope makes the book indispensable for anyone studying Tocharian and its cultural context.
Research Interests: Languages, Buddhism, Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Digital Humanities, Languages and Linguistics, and 71 moreHistorical Linguistics, Phonology, Indo-european language reconstruction, Chinese Buddhism, Historical Syntax, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Sanskrit language and literature, Iranian Studies, Indo-European Studies, Central Asian Studies, Syntax, Sanskrit, Poetics, Central Asia (History), Silk Road Studies, Comparative Linguistics, Chinese Language and Culture, Corpus Linguistics, Xinjiang, Tocharian, Linguistics, Central Asian History (Area Studies), Indian Buddhism, History of Afghanistan, Indo-Iranian Linguistics, Central Asia, Old Turkic, Chinese archaeology, Chinese history (History), Archaeology of Central Asia, Turco-Iranian World, Manichaeism, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-Iranian Languages, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Iranian Languages, Morphology and Syntax, Indo-Iranian Languages (Languages And Linguistics), Manichaeanism, Dunhuang, Uyghurs, Xinjiang studies, Diachronic Phonology, Old Turkic Culture, Archaeology of Early Buddhism, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Indo-European Etymology, Sakas & Tocharians, Indo-European Languages, Old Uigur, Proto-Indo-European reconstruction, Old Turkic, Old Uyghur, Turfan Texts, Uighur Xinjiang, Dunhuang manuscripts, Gandhara, Historical Phonology, Dunhuang Studies, Turkic languages, Gandhara Art, Exploration of Central Asia by Russian and European travellers, Old Turkic languages, Old Turkic History, Turfan studies, Tarim Basin, Indo European Migrations, Turkic & Altaic Studies, Early Indian Buddhism, and Turkic-Tocharian language contacts
This thesis is devoted to the investigation of two morphological classes in Tocharian and their Indo-European prehistory and affiliation: 1) the continuants of Proto-Indo- European (PIE) thematic (“class I”) adjectives, and 2) a class... more
This thesis is devoted to the investigation of two morphological classes in Tocharian
and their Indo-European prehistory and affiliation: 1) the continuants of Proto-Indo-
European (PIE) thematic (“class I”) adjectives, and 2) a class of agent formations which
will be shown to be related to them.
PIE thematic adjectives developed into different inflectional subclasses in the two
Tocharian languages. The fact that a uniform PIE morphological class gave rise to
several diverging inflectional patterns in Tocharian has long obscured the exact
classification and affiliation of these adjectives. The fact that all Tocharian adjectives are
associated with what seems to be the continuant of the PIE athematic feminine has
further complicated the picture. In this thesis, I argue that there are two sources for the
continuants of thematic adjectives in Tocharian, namely *-(C)o- and *-(C)iyo-stems, and
that further differentiations in the inflectional pattern of these adjectives can be
explained as inner-Tocharian developments. I also attempt to show that the apparent
athematic (deví-type) feminine associated with the continuants of PIE thematic
adjectives is better explained as a Tocharian innovation rather than an archaism.
The second major category that this thesis focuses on is a class of agent formations
comprising different morphological categories that all inflect according to the same
pattern. Traditional approaches have classified these formations as agent nouns and
explained the origin of their inflection pattern either from different sources or categories
otherwise not attested in Tocharian. In this thesis, I show that these agent formations
are mainly verbal adjectives rather than agent nouns and that their inflectional pattern
can be traced back to the PIE Cato-type nominalizations with the suffix *-on-.
The thesis consists of seven chapters. Chapter I introduces the problems associated
with the continuants of PIE thematic adjectives and the agent formations. Chapters II-V
treat the development and Indo-European affiliation of the major Tocharian adjective
classes continuing the PIE thematic declension. Chapter VI discusses Tocharian agent
formations. Chapter VII concludes with a summary of results.
and their Indo-European prehistory and affiliation: 1) the continuants of Proto-Indo-
European (PIE) thematic (“class I”) adjectives, and 2) a class of agent formations which
will be shown to be related to them.
PIE thematic adjectives developed into different inflectional subclasses in the two
Tocharian languages. The fact that a uniform PIE morphological class gave rise to
several diverging inflectional patterns in Tocharian has long obscured the exact
classification and affiliation of these adjectives. The fact that all Tocharian adjectives are
associated with what seems to be the continuant of the PIE athematic feminine has
further complicated the picture. In this thesis, I argue that there are two sources for the
continuants of thematic adjectives in Tocharian, namely *-(C)o- and *-(C)iyo-stems, and
that further differentiations in the inflectional pattern of these adjectives can be
explained as inner-Tocharian developments. I also attempt to show that the apparent
athematic (deví-type) feminine associated with the continuants of PIE thematic
adjectives is better explained as a Tocharian innovation rather than an archaism.
The second major category that this thesis focuses on is a class of agent formations
comprising different morphological categories that all inflect according to the same
pattern. Traditional approaches have classified these formations as agent nouns and
explained the origin of their inflection pattern either from different sources or categories
otherwise not attested in Tocharian. In this thesis, I show that these agent formations
are mainly verbal adjectives rather than agent nouns and that their inflectional pattern
can be traced back to the PIE Cato-type nominalizations with the suffix *-on-.
The thesis consists of seven chapters. Chapter I introduces the problems associated
with the continuants of PIE thematic adjectives and the agent formations. Chapters II-V
treat the development and Indo-European affiliation of the major Tocharian adjective
classes continuing the PIE thematic declension. Chapter VI discusses Tocharian agent
formations. Chapter VII concludes with a summary of results.
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Historical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, Historical Morphology, Ancient Indo-European Languages, and 12 moreIndo-European Studies, Comparative Linguistics, Tocharian, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Adjectives, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Derivational Morphology, Indo-European Languages, Proto-Indo-European reconstruction, and Indo-European phonology and morphology
Das Thema dieser Arbeit ist die Entwicklung der urindogermanischen Labiovelare und der Sequenzen Velar/Palatal plus *w . Dieses Problem gehört in der Tocharologie seit jeher zu den viel und oft diskutierten. Dennoch muss die Frage nach... more
Das Thema dieser Arbeit ist die Entwicklung der urindogermanischen Labiovelare und der Sequenzen Velar/Palatal plus *w . Dieses Problem gehört in der Tocharologie seit jeher zu den viel und oft diskutierten. Dennoch muss die Frage nach der Vertretung der Labiovelare und der Sequenzen Velar/Palatal plus *w heute nach wie vor als ungelöst oder zu mindest als nicht hinreichend gelöst betrachtet werden. Dies liegt vordergründig vielleicht an der nur geringen Anzahl von Wörtern sicherer Etymologie mit Labiovelar und der Sequenz Velar/Palatal plus *w, die in den bis jetzt für uns erschlossenen Texten zugänglich sind und mehr oder minder in die communis opinio Eingang gefunden haben. Es gibt aber auch eine Reihe von komplexen der Systemgeschichte der tocharischen Vokale geschuldeten Vorgängen, denen Herr zu werden der Tocharologie erst nach und nach gelingt. Hinzu kommen gewisse Mehrdeutigkeiten der tocharischen Schrift und unterschiede im Gebrauch derselben in den beiden Sprachen, welche die Bewertung des synchronen Status etwaiger Labiovelare und dessen Deutung erschweren. So fällt der Löwenanteil der bisherigen Behandlungen dieses Themas mitunter widersprüchlich und inkonsistent aus.
In der tocharischen Schrift , die für beide Sprachen bis auf kleine Abweichungen dieselbe ist, finden wir Schreibungen, die schon in der Frühzeit der Tocharologie für Reflexe von grundsprachlichen Labiovelaren gehalten wurden. Dies sind die Schreibungen <ku>, <k_u> und <kw>. Man findet vor allem die ersten beiden Schreibungen im Ost- und im Westtocharischen, die letztere relativ oft im Westtocharischen und sehr selten im Osttocharischen . Dabei ist zu beobachten, dass es in den Schreibungen etymologisch verwandter Wörter in A und B relativ oft keine Gleichheit in der Schreibung gibt, sondern vielmehr Entsprechungen, die den unterschiedlichen phonologischen Systemen der Sprachen oder aber unterschiedlicher Schreibtradition geschuldet sein könnten, deren Regelhaftigkeit aber noch nicht hinlänglich erschlossen werden konnte. Diese Arbeit hat demgemäß die Aufstellung von Wörtern mit solchen Schreibungen und ihren jeweiligen Entsprechungen in den beiden tocharischen Sprachen zum Inhalt und bietet außerdem die Darstellung der für diese Wörter vorgeschlagenen Etymologien. Dabei findet die gesamte zugängliche textuelle Evidenz philologisch ausgewertet sowie darüber hinaus die ganze Diskussion der Wörter in der tocharischen Sekundärliteratur zum Verständnis und zum Versuche der Lösung dieses phonologischen Problems Berücksichtigung. Es wird ferner herausgearbeitet, welche Wörter in der Tat grundsprachliche Labiovelare und Sequenzen Velar/Palatal plus *w fortsetzen und welche nicht, um die Frage nach der Vertretung der urindogermanischen Labiovelare und Sequenzen Velar/Palatal plus *w in den tocharischen Sprachen einer Lösung näher zu bringen.
In der tocharischen Schrift , die für beide Sprachen bis auf kleine Abweichungen dieselbe ist, finden wir Schreibungen, die schon in der Frühzeit der Tocharologie für Reflexe von grundsprachlichen Labiovelaren gehalten wurden. Dies sind die Schreibungen <ku>, <k_u> und <kw>. Man findet vor allem die ersten beiden Schreibungen im Ost- und im Westtocharischen, die letztere relativ oft im Westtocharischen und sehr selten im Osttocharischen . Dabei ist zu beobachten, dass es in den Schreibungen etymologisch verwandter Wörter in A und B relativ oft keine Gleichheit in der Schreibung gibt, sondern vielmehr Entsprechungen, die den unterschiedlichen phonologischen Systemen der Sprachen oder aber unterschiedlicher Schreibtradition geschuldet sein könnten, deren Regelhaftigkeit aber noch nicht hinlänglich erschlossen werden konnte. Diese Arbeit hat demgemäß die Aufstellung von Wörtern mit solchen Schreibungen und ihren jeweiligen Entsprechungen in den beiden tocharischen Sprachen zum Inhalt und bietet außerdem die Darstellung der für diese Wörter vorgeschlagenen Etymologien. Dabei findet die gesamte zugängliche textuelle Evidenz philologisch ausgewertet sowie darüber hinaus die ganze Diskussion der Wörter in der tocharischen Sekundärliteratur zum Verständnis und zum Versuche der Lösung dieses phonologischen Problems Berücksichtigung. Es wird ferner herausgearbeitet, welche Wörter in der Tat grundsprachliche Labiovelare und Sequenzen Velar/Palatal plus *w fortsetzen und welche nicht, um die Frage nach der Vertretung der urindogermanischen Labiovelare und Sequenzen Velar/Palatal plus *w in den tocharischen Sprachen einer Lösung näher zu bringen.
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Historical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, and 10 moreComparative Linguistics, Tocharian, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Indo-European Languages, Proto-Indo-European reconstruction, Indo-European phonology and morphology, and Historical Phonology
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Languages, Humanities Computing (Digital Humanities), Digital Humanities, Languages and Linguistics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, and 15 moreSanskrit language and literature, Indo-European Studies, Central Asian Studies, Khotanese, Silk Road, Silk Road Studies, Paleography, Xinjiang, Tocharian, Linguistics, Writing Systems (Languages And Linguistics), Central Asia, Writing systems, Indo-European Linguistics, and early Buddhism
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, and 15 moreCentral Asian Studies, Central Asia (History), Silk Road, Silk Road Studies, Xinjiang, Tocharian, Linguistics, Central Asia, Archaeology of Central Asia, Indo-European Linguistics, Central Asian Archaeology, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Old Chinese, Silk Road Archaeology, and Archaeology of the Silk Road
It is the goal of this project to encode all texts written in Tarim Brahmi available following the guidelines of the Text Encoding Initiative, to link the text witnesses to their digital facsimiles on the character level and to publish... more
It is the goal of this project to encode all texts written in Tarim Brahmi available following the guidelines of the Text Encoding Initiative, to link the text witnesses to their digital facsimiles on the character level and to publish this material together with a TEI-encoded dictionary in an online database.
This will allow the comprehensive paleographic investigation of this writing system. For this, all quantifiable features of all characters, ligatures, and words will be extracted and compared using software tools. Thus making it possible to identify scribes, scribal schools, as well as regional and diachronic variants of Tarim Brahmi.
In the XML database this linguistic, philological, and paleographic data will be combined and published through a web application.
This will allow the comprehensive paleographic investigation of this writing system. For this, all quantifiable features of all characters, ligatures, and words will be extracted and compared using software tools. Thus making it possible to identify scribes, scribal schools, as well as regional and diachronic variants of Tarim Brahmi.
In the XML database this linguistic, philological, and paleographic data will be combined and published through a web application.
Research Interests: Philology, Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, and 15 moreCentral Asian Studies, Khotanese, Manuscript Studies, Silk Road, Silk Road Studies, Buddhist Sanskrit, Xinjiang, Tocharian, Linguistics, Writing Systems (Languages And Linguistics), Central Asia, Indo-European Linguistics, Xinjiang studies, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, and Digital Paleography
It is the aim of our project "A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts" to make all Tocharian texts available to everyone interested, by providing photographs, text transcriptions, and English translations with a commentary on the... more
It is the aim of our project "A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts" to make all Tocharian texts available to everyone interested, by providing photographs, text transcriptions, and English translations with a commentary on the respective linguistic, philological, and cultural aspects. The text material is made accessible through a database with various search options, both grammatical and philological.
Research Interests: Languages, Buddhism, Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Digital Humanities, Languages and Linguistics, and 69 moreHistorical Linguistics, Phonology, Indo-european language reconstruction, Historical Morphology, Chinese Studies, Sinology, Chinese Buddhism, Buddhist Studies, Historical Syntax, Computational Linguistics, Iranian Archaeology, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Sanskrit language and literature, Iranian Studies, Indo-European Studies, Central Asian Studies, Khotanese, Syntax, Sanskrit, Central Asia (History), Silk Road, Silk Road Studies, Tang Dynasty, Paleography, Buddhist Sanskrit, Chinese Art, Comparative Linguistics, Chinese Language and Culture, Corpus Linguistics, Central Asian Buddhism, Xinjiang, China, Tocharian, Linguistics, Iranian History, Central Asian History (Area Studies), Indian Buddhism, Indo-Iranian Linguistics, China studies, Central Asia, Theravada Buddhism, Chinese history (History), Chinese literature, Archaeology of Central Asia, Palaeography, Turco-Iranian World, Buddhist Sanskrit Manuscripts, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Iranian Languages, Xinjiang studies, Phonetics and Phonology, Tumshuqese, Chinese, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Chinese Historical Phonology, Indo-European Etymology, early Buddhism, Sakas & Tocharians, Indo-European Languages, Proto-Indo-European reconstruction, Silk Road Archaeology, Archaeology of the Silk Road, Gandhara, Mahayana Buddhism, Historical Phonology, and Indo European Migrations
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Languages, Buddhism, Humanities Computing (Digital Humanities), Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Digital Humanities, and 15 moreLanguages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Sanskrit language and literature, Khotanese, Sanskrit, Silk Road, Silk Road Studies, Paleography, Buddhist Sanskrit, Xinjiang, Tocharian, Writing systems, Indo-European Linguistics, Tumshuqese, and early Buddhism
Research Interests: Languages, Humanities Computing (Digital Humanities), Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Digital Humanities, Languages and Linguistics, and 15 moreHistorical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, Historical Syntax, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Corpus Linguistics, Xinjiang, Tocharian, Linguistics, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Morphology and Syntax, Diachronic Syntax, Indo-European, and Comparative Indo-European Linguistics
Research Interests: Languages, Humanities Computing (Digital Humanities), Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Digital Humanities, Languages and Linguistics, and 15 moreHistorical Linguistics, Comparative Linguistics, Corpus Linguistics, China, Linguistics, Sino-Tibetan Linguistics, China studies, Tibeto-Burman Linguistics, Shang Dynasty Bronzes and Oracle Bones, Middle Chinese, Old Chinese, Chinese Historical Phonology, Ancient China, Historical Phonology, and Chinese historical linguistics
Research Interests: Humanities Computing (Digital Humanities), Digital Humanities, Languages and Linguistics, Writing Systems & Decipherment, Sinology, and 15 moreAncient Indo-European Languages, Silk Road, Silk Road Studies, Paleography, China, Tocharian, Linguistics, Writing Systems (Languages And Linguistics), Writing systems, Chinese Writing, Alphabetic Writing, Shang Dynasty Bronzes and Oracle Bones, Ancient China, Silk Road Archaeology, and Archaeology of the Silk Road
Research Interests: Philology, Humanities Computing (Digital Humanities), Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Digital Humanities, Languages and Linguistics, and 15 moreHistorical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, Historical Syntax, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Comparative Linguistics, Corpus Linguistics, Anatolian Languages, Tocharian, Linguistics, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Morphology and Syntax, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, and Historical Phonology
Research Interests: Humanities Computing (Digital Humanities), Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Digital Humanities, Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, and 15 moreAncient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Central Asian Studies, Khotanese, Silk Road, Silk Road Studies, Paleography, Buddhist Sanskrit, Comparative Linguistics, Central Asian Buddhism, Tocharian, Linguistics, Central Asia, Writing systems, and Indo-European Linguistics
Research Interests: Languages, Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, and 13 moreDeath, Etymology, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Linguistics, Anthropology of Death, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Language and Etymology, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Indo-European Etymology, and Proto-Indo-European reconstruction
Research Interests: Sinology, Central Asian Studies, Central Asia (History), Silk Road, Silk Road Studies, and 10 moreChina, Central Asian History (Area Studies), China studies, Central Asia, Archaeology of Central Asia, History of China, China's foreign policy, Silk Road Archaeology, Archaeology of the Silk Road, and China's foreign and defense policies
Research Interests: Humanities Computing (Digital Humanities), Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Digital Humanities, Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, and 14 moreAncient Indo-European Languages, Central Asian Studies, Silk Road, Silk Road Studies, Paleography, Comparative Linguistics, Corpus Linguistics, Central Asian Buddhism, Tocharian, Linguistics, Central Asia, Writing systems, Indo-European Linguistics, and Comparative Indo-European Linguistics
Research Interests: Digital Humanities, Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Buddhist Studies, Central Asian Studies, and 15 moreCentral Asia (History), Silk Road, Silk Road Studies, Paleography, Corpus Linguistics, Central Asian Buddhism, Tocharian, Linguistics, Central Asian History (Area Studies), Central Asia, Writing systems, early Buddhism, Silk Road Archaeology, Archaeology of the Silk Road, and History of Central Asia
Research Interests: Sinology, Central Asian Studies, Central Asia (History), Silk Road, Silk Road Studies, and 11 moreChina, Central Asian History (Area Studies), China studies, Central Asia, Contemporary China, Archaeology of Central Asia, History of China, China's foreign policy, Silk Road Archaeology, Archaeology of the Silk Road, and China's foreign and defense policies
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, Historical Syntax, and 12 moreAncient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Syntax, Tocharian, Linguistics, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Morphology and Syntax, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, and Linguistics. Word-formation. Morphology. Lexicology. Semantics.
Research Interests: Languages and Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, Germanic linguistics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, and 14 moreSyntax, Sanskrit, Vedic Sanskrit, Tocharian, Old Germanic Languages, Latin Language, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Morphology and Syntax, Ancient Greek Language, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, and Linguists
Research Interests: Languages, Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, and 25 moreChinese Studies, Sinology, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Central Asian Studies, Silk Road Studies, Minority Studies, Xinjiang, Sinitic Languages, Minority Languages, Central Asian History (Area Studies), Sino-Tibetan Linguistics, Old Turkic, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Iranian Languages, Tungusic languages, Tibeto-Burman Linguistics, Uyghurs, Chinese minorities, Korean language, early Buddhism, Mongolian Languages, Turkic languages, and Chinese historical linguistics
Research Interests: Languages, Buddhism, Languages and Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, Ancient Indo-European Languages, and 25 moreIndo-European Studies, Central Asian Studies, Khotanese, Central Asia (History), Silk Road, Silk Road Studies, Xinjiang, Tocharian, Linguistics, Central Asian History (Area Studies), Central Asia, Archaeology of Central Asia, Kushan history, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Morphology and Syntax, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Derivational Morphology, early Buddhism, Silk Road Archaeology, Archaeology of the Silk Road, Gandhara, and Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit
Research Interests: Southeast Asian Studies, Languages and Linguistics, Chinese Studies, Sinology, Austronesian Languages, and 16 moreSoutheast Asia, Minority Studies, Chinese Language and Culture, China, Linguistics, Sinitic Languages, Minority Languages, Sino-Tibetan Linguistics, Tai-Kadai Linguistics, Chinese archaeology, Chinese history (History), Tibeto-Burman Linguistics, Chinese minorities, Austronesian linguistics, Chinese and Southeast Asian Art History and Archaeology, and Austroasiatic languages
Research Interests: Buddhism, Palaeogeography, Literacy, Digital Humanities, Languages and Linguistics, and 49 moreWriting Systems & Decipherment, Uyghur, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Central Asian Studies, Khotanese, Central Asia (History), Buddhist Sanskrit, Central Asian Buddhism, Xinjiang, Tocharian, Linguistics, Writing Systems (Languages And Linguistics), Central Asian History (Area Studies), Indian Buddhism, Central Asia, Old Turkic, Writing systems, Archaeology of Central Asia, Kushan empire (Archaeology), Kushan art and architecture, Kushan history, Buddhist Sanskrit Manuscripts, Indo-European Linguistics, Sogdian, Central Asian Archaeology, Kushans, Tumshuqese, History of Writing Systems, Old Turkic Culture, Gāndhārī, Digital palaeography, Kushan Coins, Kushan and Central Asian Studies, early Buddhism, Sakas & Tocharians, Old Turkic, Old Uyghur, Scripts, Gandhara, Archaeology of Central Asia in Parthian, Kushan and Sasanian times, Gandhara, East West relations, Gandhara Art, Old Turkic Written Monuments, Old Turkic languages, Gandhara Archaeology, Tarim Basin, Brahmic Scripts, Kushan and Gandhara, and Yuezhi
Mit der 'Ein Gürtel - eine Straße'-Initiative der chinesischen Regierung zur Wiederbelebung der Seidenstraße kommt insbesondere dem Uigurischen Autonomen Gebiet Xinjiang eine bedeutende Rolle. Diese Region spielte seit jeher eine wichtige... more
Mit der 'Ein Gürtel - eine Straße'-Initiative der chinesischen Regierung zur Wiederbelebung der Seidenstraße kommt insbesondere dem Uigurischen Autonomen Gebiet Xinjiang eine bedeutende Rolle. Diese Region spielte seit jeher eine wichtige Rolle als Brücke zwischen China und dem Westen. Durch Xinjiang lief die Hauptroute der alten Seidenstraße, in deren Zentren eine gehobene städtische multiethnische Kultur blühte, die China, Zentralasien und Europa nachhaltig prägen sollte. In diesem Vortrag soll die Geschichte Xinjiangs von der Vorzeit bis in die Gegenwart und seine Bedeutung für die Weltgeschichte beleuchtet werden.
Research Interests: Languages, Buddhism, Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, and 52 moreChinese Studies, Sinology, Chinese Buddhism, Buddhist Studies, Iranian Archaeology, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Sanskrit language and literature, Iranian Studies, Indo-European Studies, Buddhist Iconography, Central Asian Studies, Khotanese, Buddhist Art, Sanskrit, Central Asia (History), Silk Road, Silk Road Studies, Buddhist Sanskrit, Chinese Art, Minority Studies, Chinese Language and Culture, Xinjiang, China, Tocharian, Modern Chinese History, Achaemenid Persia, Linguistics, Minority Languages, Chinese Politics, Iranian History, Alexander the Great, Indian Buddhism, China studies, Central Asia, Chinese history (History), Chinese literature, Archaeology of Central Asia, Minority Rights, Turco-Iranian World, Kushan history, Indo-European Linguistics, Achaemenid History, China's foreign policy, Buddhist art and architecture, Uyghurs, Tumshuqese, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Silk Road Archaeology, Archaeology of the Silk Road, Gandhara, Turkic languages, and Buddhist monasticism
Aufbauend auf neuen Erkenntnisse der historischen Phonologie des Tocharischen und der indogermanischen Nominalkomposition ist es das Ziel des Vortrages, neues Licht auf die zwei Haupttypen verbaler Rektionskomposita im Tocharischen (Typ... more
Aufbauend auf neuen Erkenntnisse der historischen Phonologie des Tocharischen und der indogermanischen Nominalkomposition ist es das Ziel des Vortrages, neues Licht auf die zwei Haupttypen verbaler Rektionskomposita im Tocharischen (Typ in TB -i TA -e: TB yolo-yāmi "Böses tuend" : TB yām- "machen, tun", TA rī-pāṣe „die Stadt schützend“ : TA pās- "schützen"); Typ in TB -a TA -ø: TB yolo-rita "Böses suchend": TB ritā- "suchen", TA ṣotre-lyak "Zeichen sehend": TA läkā- "sehen") sowie ihre indogermanischen Komparanda – wie sich zeigen wird, speziell im Germanischen – zu werfen.
Research Interests: Languages, Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Classics, Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, and 24 moreIndo-european language reconstruction, Germanic linguistics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Syntax, Comparative Linguistics, Anatolian Languages, Luwian, Lycian, Tocharian, Old Germanic Languages, Linguistics, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Morphology and Syntax, Word formation, Ancient Greek Language, Latin linguistics, Ancient Greek Linguistics, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Linguistics. Word-formation. Morphology. Lexicology. Semantics., and Derivational Morphology
Research Interests: Languages, Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Classics, Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, and 26 moreIndo-european language reconstruction, Historical Syntax, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Syntax, Vedic Sanskrit, Comparative Linguistics, Anatolian Languages, Hittite, Tocharian, Avestan (Languages And Linguistics), Linguistics, Indo-Iranian Linguistics, Greek Linguistics, Latin Language, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Morphology and Syntax, Ancient Greek Language, Diachronic Syntax, Ancient Greek Linguistics, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Linguistics. Word-formation. Morphology. Lexicology. Semantics., and Derivational Morphology
Research Interests:
Tocharian, an Indo-European language attested in two closely related varieties from the 4th-10th c. CE, was discovered in the early 1900s. Tocharian manuscripts hail from the city-states and oases of the Silk Road in the Tarim Basin (in... more
Tocharian, an Indo-European language attested in two closely related varieties from the 4th-10th c. CE, was discovered in the early 1900s. Tocharian manuscripts hail from the city-states and oases of the Silk Road in the Tarim Basin (in today’s Xinjiang, PRC). Almost all Tocharian manuscripts are Buddhist, translated or adapted from Sanskrit and Prakrit sources. While the canonical texts tend to reflect the Śrāvakayāna school, the non-canonical texts are influenced by Mahāyāna traditions.
This talk examines (1) Buddhist genres that thrived among the Tocharians and (2) Buddhist terminology in Tocharian.
(1) Jātaka, avadāna and nāṭaka texts enjoyed a popularity witnessed by their disproportionately high number among the surviving manuscripts. Tocharian exclusively preserves a number of texts of these genres lost in other traditions.
(2) Unlike other languages of Buddhism, e.g. Tibetan, there are no established equivalents between Indic and Tocharian terms. There are different layers of Buddhist terminology ranging from foreign words to loanwords, from calques to the use of indigenous vocabulary, sometimes with marked differences between the two Tocharian languages. The different layers of adoption of terminology correlate with different waves of the Buddhist missions.
Finally, this talk addresses the role that Tocharian played in the transmission of Buddhism from India to China.
This talk examines (1) Buddhist genres that thrived among the Tocharians and (2) Buddhist terminology in Tocharian.
(1) Jātaka, avadāna and nāṭaka texts enjoyed a popularity witnessed by their disproportionately high number among the surviving manuscripts. Tocharian exclusively preserves a number of texts of these genres lost in other traditions.
(2) Unlike other languages of Buddhism, e.g. Tibetan, there are no established equivalents between Indic and Tocharian terms. There are different layers of Buddhist terminology ranging from foreign words to loanwords, from calques to the use of indigenous vocabulary, sometimes with marked differences between the two Tocharian languages. The different layers of adoption of terminology correlate with different waves of the Buddhist missions.
Finally, this talk addresses the role that Tocharian played in the transmission of Buddhism from India to China.
Research Interests: Buddhism, Indo-european language reconstruction, Buddhist Studies, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, and 16 moreCentral Asian Studies, Buddhist Art, Central Asia (History), Paleography, Buddhist Sanskrit, Xinjiang, Tocharian, Central Asia, Archaeology of Central Asia, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Buddhist art and architecture, Xinjiang studies, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, and Gandhara
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Phonology, Phonetics, and 13 moreChinese Studies, Sinology, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Comparative Linguistics, Chinese Language and Culture, Linguistics, Sino-Tibetan Linguistics, Chinese archaeology, Chinese history (History), Tibeto-Burman Linguistics, Phonetics and Phonology, Old Chinese, and Historical Phonology
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, Semantics, and 23 moreGermanic linguistics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Celtic Linguistics, Vedic Sanskrit, Comparative Linguistics, Anatolian Languages, Hittite, Tocharian, Lexical Semantics, Old Germanic Languages, Avestan (Languages And Linguistics), Linguistics, Indo-Iranian Linguistics, Latin Language, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Ancient Greek Language, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Linguistics. Word-formation. Morphology. Lexicology. Semantics., and Derivational Morphology
Research Interests: Languages, Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Classics, Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, and 24 moreIndo-european language reconstruction, Historical Syntax, Germanic linguistics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Sanskrit language and literature, Indo-European Studies, Syntax, Sanskrit, Vedic Sanskrit, Buddhist Sanskrit, Tocharian, Old Germanic Languages, Linguistics, Indo-Iranian Linguistics, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Morphology and Syntax, Word formation, Latin linguistics, Ancient Greek Linguistics, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, and Linguistics. Word-formation. Morphology. Lexicology. Semantics.
Nominal compounding is one of the most important means of word formation in Epic Greek (and other Indo-European oral traditions). The poets make use of the variation between different compound types (1) and the variation within compound... more
Nominal compounding is one of the most important means of word formation in Epic Greek (and other Indo-European oral traditions). The poets make use of the variation between different compound types (1) and the variation within compound types, i.e. different forms of first (2) and second (3) compound members:
(1) ταμεσι- : -τομος τέμνω ‘cut’,
φειδι- : -φειδης φείδομαι ‘spare’,
φερε- : -φορος φέρω ‘carry’, bring’;
(2) ἐρυ- : ἐρυσι- ἔρυμαι/ἐρύoμαι ‘protect’;
(3a) -δεγμων : -δεκτης δέχομαι ‘receive’;
(3b) -ηγερετα : -ηγερετης γείρω ‘gather, collect’,
-δαμος : -δαμᾱς δάμνημι/δαμάζω ‘tame’;
(3c) -βατης : -βητης βαίνω ‘step’.
This paper aims at clarifying the motivation behind the use of variation in the formation of nominal compounds in Epic Greek. I will show that besides metrical considerations (e.g., 3c) some of the variation is due to morpho-syntactic reasons (e.g., the variation in 3a, 3b expresses the difference between attributive and substantival function). Furthermore, I will argue that the variation in the formation of compounds cannot be considered “artificial” since it is rooted in the grammar(s) of Greek (vernaculars) and/or follows inherited Indo-European patterns of derivational morphology.
(1) ταμεσι- : -τομος τέμνω ‘cut’,
φειδι- : -φειδης φείδομαι ‘spare’,
φερε- : -φορος φέρω ‘carry’, bring’;
(2) ἐρυ- : ἐρυσι- ἔρυμαι/ἐρύoμαι ‘protect’;
(3a) -δεγμων : -δεκτης δέχομαι ‘receive’;
(3b) -ηγερετα : -ηγερετης γείρω ‘gather, collect’,
-δαμος : -δαμᾱς δάμνημι/δαμάζω ‘tame’;
(3c) -βατης : -βητης βαίνω ‘step’.
This paper aims at clarifying the motivation behind the use of variation in the formation of nominal compounds in Epic Greek. I will show that besides metrical considerations (e.g., 3c) some of the variation is due to morpho-syntactic reasons (e.g., the variation in 3a, 3b expresses the difference between attributive and substantival function). Furthermore, I will argue that the variation in the formation of compounds cannot be considered “artificial” since it is rooted in the grammar(s) of Greek (vernaculars) and/or follows inherited Indo-European patterns of derivational morphology.
Research Interests: Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics), Homer, Languages and Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Indo-european language reconstruction, and 26 moreGermanic linguistics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, Syntax, Comparative Linguistics, Anatolian Languages, Luwian, Lycian, Latin Language and Literature, Old Germanic Languages, Linguistics, Classical philology, Morphology (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Morphology and Syntax, Mycenaean, Word formation, Ancient Greek Language, Latin linguistics, Greek Philology, Ancient Greek Linguistics, Indo-European, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Linguistics. Word-formation. Morphology. Lexicology. Semantics., and Proto-Indo-European reconstruction
Die Entwicklungsinitiative der chinesischen Regierung »Der ökonomische Gürtel Seidenstraße und die maritime Seidenstraße des 21. Jahrhunderts«, kurz »Ein Gürtel – eine Straße« versteht sich als Wiederbelebung der alten »Seidenstraße«.... more
Die Entwicklungsinitiative der chinesischen Regierung »Der ökonomische Gürtel Seidenstraße und die maritime Seidenstraße des 21. Jahrhunderts«, kurz »Ein Gürtel – eine Straße« versteht sich als Wiederbelebung der alten »Seidenstraße«. Diese war ein System von Handelswegen, das China in der Antike und in Teilen des Mittelalters über Zentralasien mit dem Nahen Osten, dem Mittelmeerraum und Europa verband und als wechselseitiges Förderband für Wissenschaft, Kunst, Religion, Sprachen, Völker und Kulturen zwischen Okzident und Orient diente. Es ist also kein Zufall, dass sich die heutige chinesische Regierung für ihre Initiative des Namens »Seidenstraße« bedient. Er steht für die Volksrepublik paradigmatisch – ganz im Sinne der chinesischen Softpowerstrategie – für eine auf wirtschaftlichem und kulturellem Austausch basierende friedliche internationale Zusammenarbeit zum Vorteil aller involvierten Seiten. Der Vortrag betrachtet die »Ein Gürtel – eine Straße«-Initative ihrer in historischen Kontinuität zur alten Seidenstraße. Im Blickpunkt werden die alte multikulturelle Seidenstraße als formendes Element für China und seine Beziehung zum Rest Eurasiens stehen sowie die geopolitischen Verhältnisse, welche die Seidenstraßenregion prägten und prägen.
Research Interests: Chinese Studies, Sinology, Chinese Buddhism, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Indo-European Studies, and 12 moreCentral Asian Studies, Silk Road, Silk Road Studies, Buddhist Sanskrit, Chinese Language and Culture, Xinjiang, Tocharian, Chinese Politics, Kushan history, Indo-European Linguistics, early Buddhism, and Archaeology of the Silk Road
This talk treats "wolf" as a metaphor for "plow", especially but not exclusively in Indo-Iranian.
Research Interests: Indo-european language reconstruction, Zoroastrianism, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Atharvaveda, Indo-European Studies, and 15 moreVedic Sanskrit, Avestan (Languages And Linguistics), Indo-Iranian Linguistics, Sumerian, Akkadian, Calendars, Old Persian, Elamite, Indo-European Linguistics, Proto Indo-European, Ancient Astronomy, Rigveda, Ancient Astronomy and Calendars, Indo-European, and Vedic Studies
This talk deals with the history of the Silk Road and its role for China's Belt and Road Initiative.