Loïc Quéval
Ecole CentraleSupelec, Department of Power & Energy Systems, Faculty Member
- Applied Superconductivity, Electrical Machines, Power Electronics, Renewable Energy, Transportation Engineering, Motor Control, and 36 moreWind turbine, Superconductivity, Modeling and Simulation, Design of electrical machines, AC losses in superconductors, Wind Turbine Modeling and Control, Multiscale Simulation, Superconducting Electric Machines, Dq-Model, Phase-Domain Model, Abc-Model, Electrical Engineering, HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, Finite Element Methods, Magnetic Materials, Computational Electromagnetics, Power Losses, Engineering, Energy Storage (in Engineering), Electric Energy Storage, Superconductors, boundary elements method(BEM), High Temperature Superconductors, Numerical Analysis, Electric Machinery, History of Electrical Engineering, FEM Modelling and Numerical Simulation, Motor Development, Numerical Modelling, Numerical Simulations, Computational Modeling, Integrated Renewable Energy System, SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR, Electrical Power Systems,renewable Energy Sources, Applied Superconductivity, Electric Power Applications of Superconductivity, and Direct Numerical Simulationedit
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Installing more drinking water sources is a promising way to achieve the 6th sustainable development goal "Clean water and sanitation" in rural communities. A key parameter for the installation of new water pumps is geographical... more
Installing more drinking water sources is a promising way to achieve the 6th sustainable development goal "Clean water and sanitation" in rural communities. A key parameter for the installation of new water pumps is geographical position, because the number of people who could gain access to drinking water depends on the location of the pump. To improve the choice of the most appropriate location, we propose a decision support tool to place a new drinking water source in a rural community. This tool relies on four complementary maps, which are obtained from GPS data, survey data, and a water source choice model. The first map shows the spatial distribution of the households and of the existing water sources in the village. The three remaining maps present the following quantities as a function of the position of a new drinking water source in the village: the number of users of the new drinking water source, the improvement of drinking water access, and the daily water demand per capita at the new drinking water source. The decision support tool is applied to a village in Burkina Faso. Results indicate that using the proposed method could allow eight times more people to gain access to drinking water in comparison to a random positioning of the new drinking water source. The original contribution of this work is, first, the consideration of existing water sources in the village, as well as seasonality. Second, we base our analysis on a water source choice model, which accounts for water quality in addition to the distance to the water source. Third, we consider the variability of the water volume collected by the households throughout the village. The developed tool is generic, transferable to other villages and useful for various decision-making entities (e.g. local authorities and non-governmental organizations).
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1 Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom 2 Institute for Technical Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany 3 Group of Electrical Engineering Paris (GeePs), CentraleSupélec,... more
1 Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom 2 Institute for Technical Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany 3 Group of Electrical Engineering Paris (GeePs), CentraleSupélec, University of Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France 4 Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia 5 Robinson Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand 6 University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 7 (Retired) Ricerca sul Sistema Elettrico, Milano, Italy (formerly)
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We develop analytical expressions for the magnetic vector potential and the magnetic field of modulated double helical coils (MDHC). It is assumed that the coils are tightly wound and can be approximated by two infinite thin current... more
We develop analytical expressions for the magnetic vector potential and the magnetic field of modulated double helical coils (MDHC). It is assumed that the coils are tightly wound and can be approximated by two infinite thin current sheets. From each coil parametric equation, the surface current density is derived by considering the turn-to-turn spacing. The field inside and outside each coil is then calculated by decomposing the surface current density into three contributions. By summation, the field of any MDHC can be obtained. As a validation, we evaluate the field of a superconducting double helical quadrupole. A good agree- ment is found between analytical and numerical results. From the field, the main coil parameters can be quickly estimated with a fair accuracy. This can be useful for the design an optimization of advanced magnets, both conventional and superconducting.
Research Interests: Engineering, Materials Engineering, Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, Magnetic field, and 13 moreMagnetism, Superconducting Magnet, Current Density, Magnet, Electro Magnets, Finite Elements Analysis, Electrical And Electronic Engineering, Superconducting magnets, Analytical formula, Accelerator magnets, Biomedical magnets, Biot-savart law, and Electromagnetic coil
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Three superconducting stacks made of 120 REBCO coated conductor tapes were each fabricated and assembled to obtain several REBCO modules. Their levitation responses over two different permanent magnet (PM) guideways were investigated by... more
Three superconducting stacks made of 120 REBCO coated conductor tapes were each fabricated and assembled to obtain several REBCO modules. Their levitation responses over two different permanent magnet (PM) guideways were investigated by experiment and finite element simulation. For the experiment, a test rig was developed that can measure the force in the three directions for any given relative movement between the REBCO stacks and the PM guideway. For the finite element simulation, a 2D H-formulation was adopted. To treat the high aspect ratio of REBCO tapes, an anisotropic homogenization technique was used. The agreement between the measurements and the simulations is good, thus validating the modeling methodology. It was observed from the experiment and simulation results that the perpendicular field contributes to the levitation force whereas the parallel field is responsible for the guidance force, as a result of the existence of anisotropy on the local magnetic stimulation. Based on that, promising REBCO modules including both longitudinal and transverse arrangements of REBCO stacks were proposed and tested, in terms of providing a significant levitation force with the lateral stability preserved. Moreover, a pre-load process able to suppress the relaxation of the levitation force was put forward. To conclude, this study outlines explicit principles to obtain an appropriate layout of coated conductor stacks that could be effective for practical magnetic levitation operation.
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Research Interests: Materials Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Computer Science, Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, and 9 moreModeling and Simulation, Finite element method, Calibration, Magnetic Levitation, Maglev, Levitation, Rotational Symmetry, Electrical And Electronic Engineering, and Superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB)
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Stability issues exist in embedded electrical grids, mainly due to power electronics. One of the solutions is to use a superconducting power filter (SPF), made of a non-inductive superconducting coil. The DC losses are close to zero, the... more
Stability issues exist in embedded electrical grids, mainly due to power electronics. One of the solutions is to use a superconducting power filter (SPF), made of a non-inductive superconducting coil. The DC losses are close to zero, the coil being in its superconducting state. The AC losses, proportional to the frequency, are weak but still exist and can be used to increase the stability of the DC grid. In this paper, different SPF prototypes are presented and experimental characterizations are exposed: measurements of the critical current, measurements of AC losses and measurements of AC+DC losses. This AC+DC loss measurement is unusual, tricky and especially developed for SPF application. Experimental results are discussed and compared to calculations obtained with the analytical Norris formulas. Strip model formula underestimates losses and elliptical section formula overestimates losses but both formulas give good approximation of the losses and are therefore useful tools to design a SPF.
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Dans les communautes rurales des pays en voie de developpement, les systemes de pompage photovoltaique sont une solution interessante pour remplacer les pompes a main et ainsi accelerer le developpement socio-economique. Cet article... more
Dans les communautes rurales des pays en voie de developpement, les systemes de pompage photovoltaique sont une solution interessante pour remplacer les pompes a main et ainsi accelerer le developpement socio-economique. Cet article presente la modelisation et la collecte de donnees experimentales sur un systeme de pompage photovoltaique installe dans un village du Burkina Faso. La comparaison entre les mesures, exceptionnelles sur de tels systemes, et le modele montre qu'il est possible de simuler precisement le fonctionnement du systeme de pompage photovoltaique. Les deux originalites majeures de ce travail sont d'une part une modelisation qui inclut la consommation d'eau pour les menages et d'autre part une installation du dispositif en Afrique subsaharienne, zone ou ces systemes n'ont pas ete etudies. Par la suite, ce travail sera complete par la prise en compte des aspects socio-economiques et environnementaux lies a la mise en place des systemes de pompage ...
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So far, various numerical models have been developed to simulate high temperature superconductor in 3D. However, the lack of analytical solutions in the 3D case and the scarcity of experimental data make it difficult to evaluate the... more
So far, various numerical models have been developed to simulate high temperature superconductor in 3D. However, the lack of analytical solutions in the 3D case and the scarcity of experimental data make it difficult to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed models. In the present work, a benchmark on the 3D numerical modeling of a superconducting bulk is introduced. The problem is tackled by five independent teams using six different numerical models. After a detailed description of the models and their implementations, the results obtained are compared and discussed.
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High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) are promising for applications requiring high power densities, such as superconducting electrical motors. Various approaches have been developed to model HTS, in particular for AC losses evaluation... more
High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) are promising for applications requiring high power densities, such as superconducting electrical motors. Various approaches have been developed to model HTS, in particular for AC losses evaluation in thin wires and tapes. Indeed, AC losses are one of the key factors to size properly the cryogenic systems. In some applications, where the HTS materials are used as magnetic screens or as permanent magnets, such as in electrical motors, it is relevant to estimate properly the penetration of the magnetic field in order to optimize the magnetization processes and the integration of these materials in such systems. In previous works [1]–[3], analytical tools in 2D have been successfully developed for calculating the magnetic field distribution in different devices integrating HTS bulks by considering them as perfect diamagnetic materials, e.g. a superconducting electrical machine or an inductor with an iron core used for the pulsed field magnetizatio...
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A photovoltaic switched reluctance motor converts light energy into mechanical energy, without power electronics, brushes or magnets. With the rapid decrease of photovoltaic cells price, its simplicity makes it ideal for low cost,... more
A photovoltaic switched reluctance motor converts light energy into mechanical energy, without power electronics, brushes or magnets. With the rapid decrease of photovoltaic cells price, its simplicity makes it ideal for low cost, autonomous and reliable applications, such as water pumping in isolated areas with good solar irradiation. But the concept does not allow for motion control or variable-speed operation. In order to evaluate its range of application, then to optimize its sizing, we need to understand the complex interactions between the photovoltaic cells and the motor. To this end, we develop here a numerical model of our photovoltaic switched reluctance motor prototype. It takes into account the nonlinearity of photovoltaic cells and of the switched reluctance machine. Despite the uncommon operation of the photovoltaic cells, the agreement between the simulation and the measures is so far good, thus validating our modeling strategy.
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We developed an accurate, efficient and flexible modeling method for the steady-state and transient analysis of grid-connected superconducting synchronous machines. On the one hand, the machine flux linkages and electromagnetic torque as... more
We developed an accurate, efficient and flexible modeling method for the steady-state and transient analysis of grid-connected superconducting synchronous machines. On the one hand, the machine flux linkages and electromagnetic torque as function of operational parameters are obtained from static finite element analysis and stored in lookup tables. On the other hand, the machine is represented by a lumped-parameter phase-domain model. The potential of the method is demonstrated by simulating a 10 MW superconducting wind turbine generator connected to the grid through a AC/DC/AC converter under fault condition.
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This paper presents a fast-integral modeling approach for the design and characterization of large-scale non-inductive high temperature superconducting (HTS) coils made of first-generation HTS tape. The integral modeling is combined with... more
This paper presents a fast-integral modeling approach for the design and characterization of large-scale non-inductive high temperature superconducting (HTS) coils made of first-generation HTS tape. The integral modeling is combined with a strategy of far tape approximation allowing to model a reduced set of consecutive tapes instead of the entire coil. It makes it possible to estimate the losses and the current density distribution in the coil, under different current supply. This leads to a considerable reduction in the computation time. The calculated AC losses show a good agreement with the Norris ellipse formula and measurements, highlighting the importance of considering the elliptical section of the superconductor in the tape, in the modeling. The developed modeling approach is in particular useful in the AC+DC mode, where Norris’s formulas cannot be used to determine the losses. Besides, some interesting phenomena have been observed, related to the current distribution in th...
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In Low Voltage Direct Current (LVDC) grids DC short circuits can generate very high currents and huge stress for electronic power converters. Assessing their withstanding capabilities is critical. The present paper proposes to couple a... more
In Low Voltage Direct Current (LVDC) grids DC short circuits can generate very high currents and huge stress for electronic power converters. Assessing their withstanding capabilities is critical. The present paper proposes to couple a thermal and electrical model of an AC/DC converter. This method allows to solve coordination issues between protection selection and converter sizing, as well as ensuring a reliable protection whatever the distance the fault occurs.
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Here is our last project: Turning Sun into Water. We plan to install and monitor a solar pumping system in Burkina Faso with the goal to design systems which are more sustainable and better adapted to peoples need ! Back our project :... more
Here is our last project: Turning Sun into Water. We plan to install and monitor a solar pumping system in Burkina Faso with the goal to design systems which are more sustainable and better adapted to peoples need ! Back our project : https://www.kisskissbankbank.com/turning-sun-into-water