Martin Otundo Richard

Abstract
Community-based fisheries management (CBFM) has gained traction globally as a sustainable approach to managing fishery resources, particularly in the face of declining fish stocks and the challenges posed by industrial fishing practices. This study investigates the effectiveness of CBFM initiatives across a diverse set of contexts, focusing on five countries from global, African, East African perspectives, and seven major counties in Kenya. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data analysis from survey responses with qualitative insights from interviews and focus group discussions. Key findings indicate that CBFM has had a positive impact on fish stock recovery, economic resilience, and community cohesion. However, challenges such as inadequate governance structures, limited funding, and conflicts with industrial fishing operations persist. The study concludes that while CBFM presents a viable model for sustainable fisheries management, its success is contingent upon robust institutional support, adequate funding, and the inclusion of local knowledge in policy-making processes. Recommendations for future research include a deeper examination of the socio-economic impacts of CBFM and strategies for integrating traditional ecological knowledge with modern management practices. This research contributes to the growing body of literature advocating for localized and participatory approaches to resource management, highlighting the potential for CBFM to enhance sustainability and equity in fisheries management.

Abstract
Mangrove ecosystems are critical for coastal protection, biodiversity support, and carbon sequestration. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state of mangrove forests, focusing on their ecological functions, carbon storage capabilities, and the impacts of anthropogenic pressures and climate change. We assess recent advancements in remote sensing techniques for mapping and monitoring mangrove forests, emphasizing their role in global carbon cycles and climate mitigation strategies. The review synthesizes data from various studies, highlighting the significant carbon stocks held by mangroves and the potential for these ecosystems to act as effective carbon sinks. Despite their importance, mangroves face threats from deforestation, land conversion, and climate change, which undermine their ecological functions and carbon sequestration potential. This paper also explores restoration and conservation efforts aimed at enhancing mangrove resilience and expanding their role in climate adaptation. The findings underscore the need for integrated management approaches and the importance of preserving these vital ecosystems to combat climate change and support coastal communities.

The integration of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming industries worldwide, including in Kenya, where these technologies are driving significant advancements. This analysis explores the future of RPA and AI in Kenya, examining their potential to enhance efficiency, reduce costs, and foster economic growth across various sectors. Key trends include the adoption of AI and RPA in financial services, healthcare, agriculture, education, and the public sector. Practical case studies illustrate the impact of these technologies, such as Equity Bank's automation of loan processing, M-TIBA's AI-driven health payments, Twiga Foods' optimized supply chain, Tala's automated loan approval, and the Kenya Revenue Authority's tax processing improvements. Despite challenges like infrastructure limitations, skills gaps, and data privacy concerns, the opportunities for economic growth, job creation, and innovation are substantial. This work provides a comprehensive overview of the current landscape, future prospects, and empirical evidence of the transformative potential of RPA and AI in Kenya, highlighting the importance of strategic adoption to harness their full benefits.

This study investigates the impact of tribalism, ethnicity, nepotism, and favoritism on the sustainable performance of public universities in Kenya. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, focus groups, and document analysis to provide a comprehensive understanding of how these social issues affect various aspects of university operations. Quantitative data, analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics, reveal that tribalism, ethnicity, nepotism, and favoritism are prevalent in Kenyan public universities and significantly negatively impact institutional performance. Regression analysis confirms these factors as significant predictors of performance, with higher levels correlating with lower institutional effectiveness. Qualitative findings highlight the pervasive nature of these issues in governance, academic standards, staff morale, and student experience, with key themes underscoring the gap between policy and practice. The study's results align with existing literature, emphasizing the detrimental effects of these social issues on higher education. Recommendations include strengthening policy enforcement, implementing training programs, establishing independent oversight bodies, promoting merit-based practices, encouraging inclusive leadership, and developing support systems for marginalized groups. Future research should consider longitudinal and comparative studies, evaluate specific interventions, explore the role of external stakeholders, and examine the intersectionality of social issues. The findings underscore the need for systemic changes to promote fairness, meritocracy, and inclusivity in university governance and operations, ultimately enhancing the sustainable performance of public universities in Kenya. BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Definition of Terms Tribalism: Tribalism refers to a social system in which individuals are divided into small, distinct, and often conflicting groups based on shared customs, language, or lineage (Hames, 2019). It often results in strong in-group loyalty and out-group hostility. Ethnicity: Ethnicity is the state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition. It encompasses shared cultural practices, perspectives, and distinctions that set apart one group of people from another (Smith, 2020).

Utafiti huu unachunguza umuhimu wa kutunza miti aina ya mikoko katika ufuo wa bahari la Kenya, ukilenga kutoa taarifa kuhusu athari zake katika mazingira na jamii za pwani. Miti ya mikoko ina mchango mkubwa katika kulinda pwani dhidi ya mmomonyoko wa udongo, kupunguza uchafuzi wa maji, na kuhifadhi bioanuwai. Utafiti huu umechunguza hali ya mikoko kwa kutumia kesi kutoka maeneo mbalimbali ya kimataifa,

ABSTRACT
Background: The effectiveness of donor-funded development projects hinges significantly on the implementation of robust Monitoring, Evaluation, Accountability, and Learning (MEAL) systems. Despite extensive investment in these projects, there is limited empirical evidence on how various MEAL components impact project performance, particularly in the context of Kwale County, Kenya. This study aims to bridge this gap by analyzing the relationship between MEAL practices and project outcomes in this region.
Objective: The primary objective of this research is to evaluate the influence of MEAL effectiveness, training quality, community involvement, and resource availability on the performance of donor-funded projects in Kwale County. By identifying key factors that drive project success, the study seeks to provide actionable insights for enhancing project management and implementation strategies.
Methodology: The study employed a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. A sample of five donor-funded projects across various sectors—agriculture, water and sanitation, health, and economic development—was selected for analysis. Data on MEAL effectiveness, training quality, community involvement, and resource availability were collected through surveys and project reports. Linear and multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine the impact of these variables on project outcomes.
Findings: The analysis revealed that MEAL effectiveness is a significant predictor of project success, with a strong positive correlation between effective MEAL practices and improved project outcomes. Community involvement also demonstrated a positive impact, though its significance was marginal. Training quality and resource availability showed less impact on project performance, suggesting that while these factors are important, their effects may be secondary to MEAL effectiveness and community engagement.
Conclusion: The study concludes that prioritizing MEAL effectiveness is crucial for enhancing the performance of donor-funded projects. While community involvement is also important, it requires further optimization. Training quality and resource management, though less directly impactful, remain essential components of successful project implementation. These findings underscore the need for donor agencies and project managers to focus on strengthening MEAL systems and involving communities more effectively to achieve better development outcomes.
Recommendations: The study recommends enhancing MEAL frameworks, strengthening community engagement strategies, improving training programs, and optimizing resource management. It also suggests ongoing monitoring and adaptive management to address challenges and ensure project success.
Future Research: Future studies should explore the impact of community involvement on different project types, conduct longitudinal assessments of MEAL practices, and compare findings across regions. In-depth case studies and exploration of additional variables affecting project performance are also recommended.

This study investigates the spillover effects of generative AI on human-generated content creation within crowd-sourcing design platforms. The integration of generative AI tools has transformed content creation processes by enhancing quality, creativity, efficiency, and user satisfaction. This research employs a mixed-methods approach, including quantitative analysis of survey data and qualitative insights from interviews and case studies. The study analyzed 32 eligible studies using the PRISMA framework, revealing significant improvements in content quality and user satisfaction, with AI tools reducing error rates and increasing the originality of creative outputs. Despite these benefits, ethical concerns related to originality and the potential over-reliance on AI tools were identified. The findings underscore the importance of developing ethical guidelines, investing in continuous AI improvement, and addressing user feedback. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies, diverse contexts, and the ethical implications of AI in content creation. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into the transformative impact of generative AI on crowd-sourcing design platforms and highlights areas for further investigation and refinement.

Creative destruction, a concept popularized by Joseph Schumpeter, involves the process where innovation and technological progress lead to the obsolescence of outdated industries, paving the way for new growth and development. This paper explores how creative destruction can restore the dynamics of growth and development in Kenya, focusing on key sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, and technology. By examining successful case studies and providing policy recommendations, this paper aims to offer insights into leveraging creative destruction for sustainable economic growth in Kenya.

This study investigates the impacts of strategic climate-smart crop varieties and livestock breeds on food security among smallholder farmers in Kenya's coast counties. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews and focus group discussions. A sample of 378 respondents from Kilifi,

Green building construction is pivotal for sustainable development, particularly in coastal regions facing unique environmental challenges. This study investigates the barriers to managing green building construction projects and explores strategic solutions to foster sustainable development in coastal towns of Kenya, specifically focusing on Mombasa, Malindi, Kilifi, Lamu, and Diani. Utilizing a mixed-methods research design, the study combines quantitative data from surveys of 378 stakeholders, including architects, engineers, contractors, developers, government officials, and residents, with qualitative insights from interviews and case studies. The quantitative analysis reveals that the most significant barriers to green building construction in these regions are high initial costs, lack of awareness, insufficient government incentives, technical challenges, and regulatory barriers. The chisquare test indicates a significant relationship between occupation and the perception of high initial costs, while the t-test shows a significant difference in the perception of financial incentives' effectiveness between architects and contractors. Qualitative data from interviews and case studies provide deeper insights into these barriers and highlight the need for tailored solutions. Key strategic solutions identified include providing financial incentives, conducting public awareness campaigns, implementing technical training programs, and streamlining regulatory processes. These solutions are essential for addressing the diverse challenges faced by different stakeholders in the green building sector. The study concludes that a comprehensive and collaborative approach is necessary to overcome barriers and promote sustainable construction practices. Recommendations emphasize the importance of financial support, education, technical capacity building, and regulatory reforms. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to assess the long-term impact of green buildings, comparative studies across regions and countries, the role of technological innovations, policy impact analysis, and socioeconomic benefits of green buildings. This research contributes to the understanding of green building challenges and solutions in coastal towns of Kenya, providing a framework for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers to enhance sustainable development in similar contexts globally.

This research paper examines the design, implementation, and management of e-learning in Kenya, highlighting the issues and challenges faced and proposing potential solutions. The study integrates practical case studies from various Kenyan institutions to provide a comprehensive understanding of the e-learning landscape. Through a detailed literature review and empirical analysis, the paper aims to offer insights into the strategies that can enhance elearning effectiveness in the Kenyan context.

The integration of e-learning technologies in higher education is transforming educational landscapes globally. This paper examines the strategic role of e-learning technologies in revolutionizing higher education in East Africa, with a focus on practical case studies from Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya. The analysis covers the implementation, challenges, and outcomes of e-learning initiatives in these countries, highlighting key strategies that have led to successful integration and enhanced educational outcomes.

This study explores the core roles and responsibilities of effective project managers (PMs) in managing multidisciplinary teams in donor-funded projects in Kenya's Coast region. Through a qualitative approach, the research highlights the essential skills, strategies, and challenges faced by PMs, providing insights into best practices for optimizing project outcomes. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with project managers and team members from various donor-funded projects in the region. The findings underscore the importance of leadership, communication, and stakeholder management in successfully navigating the complexities of multidisciplinary team management.

Mangrove forests are a critical component of Kenya's coastal ecosystem, providing numerous ecological, social, and economic benefits. However, these forests are under threat due to deforestation, degradation, and over-exploitation. This strategic paper proposes a comprehensive restoration plan for mangrove forests in Kenya's coast region, focusing on carbon crediting and sustainable community development. The plan aims to restore 10,000 hectares of mangrove forests, sequester 1.5 million tons of CO2 equivalent per year, and benefit local communities through sustainable livelihoods and income generation.

Clearly outline what you aim to achieve with your market research. Objectives might include understanding customer needs, identifying market opportunities, evaluating the competitive landscape, and assessing the feasibility of your new product. Step 2: Develop a Research Plan Create a detailed plan outlining the scope of your research, including the target market, research methods, timelines, and budget. Step 3: Conduct Secondary Research Start with secondary research to gather existing data from reliable sources such as industry reports, market analysis, academic studies, and news articles. This will help you understand the broader market trends and context in the post-COVID-19 era. Step 4: Identify Target Audience Define your target audience based on demographics, psychographics, and behavioral characteristics. This includes identifying age groups, income levels, lifestyle choices, and specific needs or pain points your product can address.

This empirical review investigates the key considerations and next steps associated with new climate finance goals for sustainable development in developing countries, focusing on Kenya and Tanzania. Using the PRISMA methodology, the study systematically reviews literature and examines five case studies from each country. The review contextualizes findings within global, continental, and East African perspectives, providing actionable recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders.

As Kenya faces numerous developmental challenges, including poverty, inequality, and environmental degradation, the strategic role of Generation Z (born between 1997 and 2012) in addressing these issues cannot be overstated. This paper empirically examines the potential of Generation Z to drive positive change in Kenya by leveraging their unique characteristics, skills, and perspectives. Through a mixed-methods approach combining surveys, focus groups, and interviews, this study investigates the ways in which Generation Z is already involved in social entrepreneurship, civic engagement, and community development initiatives. The

This study examines the influence of societal sustainability consciousness on the uptake of corporate responsibility (CR) practices in Kenya's business sector, with a specific focus on case studies from Coast and Nairobi counties. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research draws on recent literature, field surveys, and interviews to understand the relationship between public awareness of sustainability issues and the implementation of CR initiatives by businesses. The findings reveal significant regional variations and provide insights into the factors driving or hindering CR uptake.

This study examines the influence of strategic digital marketing practices on the sustainable performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) run by women in Mombasa County, Kenya. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis methods. The study found that SMEs run by women in Mombasa County have limited resources and capabilities, which hinder their ability to adopt effective digital marketing strategies. However, those who do adopt strategic digital marketing practices experience significant improvements in their performance, including increased brand awareness, customer engagement, and sales. The study highlights the importance of digital marketing literacy, social media platforms, and content marketing in enhancing the sustainability of SMEs run by women in Mombasa County.

This research explores the intersection of climate change, anticolonial international law, and the universality of the commons from an African perspective. By examining global and African case studies, it critiques how historical and ongoing colonial legacies impact contemporary environmental policies and practices. The study includes an analysis of regional dynamics in East Africa and local case studies in Kenya, highlighting how local communities navigate and resist environmental challenges within a framework of international law and anticolonial struggle. The research aims to contribute to the discourse on climate justice, emphasizing the need for inclusive and equitable approaches to environmental governance.

This empirical research report examines the seventy-five-year history of global health lawmaking under the auspices of the World Health Organization (WHO), focusing on the evolving foundations of global health law through global health governance. The study critiques this evolution from an African perspective, utilizing various case studies from across the globe, the African continent, and a local perspective in Kenya. The report delves into the specific case studies of Venezuela, Afghanistan, Vietnam, India, Palestine, and the USA, while examining African countries such as Senegal,

This research explores the derivation of human rights from natural law and other disciplines within the African context, specifically examining Gabon, Zambia, Ethiopia, Rwanda, Uganda, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and Kenya. It highlights the philosophical foundations of human rights, their application in various African legal frameworks, and the practical implementation and challenges in these countries. By analyzing case studies, this paper provides a comprehensive understanding of how human rights can be deduced and operationalized in diverse African settings.

This empirical review examines the strategic implementation and impact of decarbonization projects in Kenya's Coast region under the Blue Economy Initiative. The study evaluates the effectiveness of these projects in achieving environmental sustainability goals, identifies challenges faced during implementation, and proposes recommendations for enhancing their outcomes.

This research explores the challenges and strategic implications of integrating monitoring with performance management in Kenya's public sector. Using a case study approach, it examines current practices, identifies barriers to effective implementation, and proposes recommendations for improvement. Data was collected through interviews with key stakeholders and analysis of relevant documents to provide a comprehensive understanding of the issues.

This quasi-experimental study explores the unintended positive consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic-induced school closures on accelerating the multisectoral response to neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in Kenya's Coast Counties. Utilizing case studies from Kilifi, Kwale, Mombasa, Lamu, Taita Taveta, and Tana River counties, the study investigates how the absence of school-based deworming programs during the pandemic prompted innovative strategies and collaborations among health, education, and community sectors. Quantitative data and qualitative insights provide a comprehensive analysis of this phenomenon, highlighting lessons learned and recommendations for sustainable NTD interventions.

Submarine cables are critical infrastructures that underpin global telecommunications and digital connectivity. In East Africa, these cables have played a pivotal role in transforming economies and societies by enabling faster and more reliable internet access. However, the reliance on foreign-owned submarine cables poses significant risks to the digital sovereignty of East African countries. This report investigates the implications of submarine cables on digital sovereignty in East Africa, using case studies and recent developments to highlight the challenges and opportunities for these nations.

Effective monitoring and evaluation (M&E) practices are crucial for the success of development projects in Kenya. This empirical research report investigates the opportunities and challenges associated with professionalizing M&E within the project management landscape of Kenya, focusing on seven selected projects. The study utilizes qualitative methods, including interviews and document analysis, to assess current M&E practices, identify gaps, and propose recommendations for improvement. Findings reveal significant opportunities for

This research explores the strategic role of community-based development organizations in mitigating youth radicalization and addressing criminal juvenile gangs in Kenya, with a focus on Samba Sport in Kwale County. Through a comprehensive literature review and case studies, the report examines the effectiveness of community-based approaches in promoting sustainable development and enhancing youth resilience against radicalization and gang involvement.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted coastal communities in Kenya, posing both challenges and opportunities for sustainable development. This research explores these dynamics through seven case studies, examining the socioeconomic , health, and environmental dimensions affected by the pandemic. The findings underscore the importance of resilience-building strategies and community engagement to foster sustainable development amidst ongoing global health crises.

The adoption of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems in Kenyan businesses comes with significant risks, particularly in the context of increasing cybercrime activities. As businesses in Kenya continue to integrate ERP solutions to streamline operations, enhance productivity, and gain competitive advantages, they must also navigate a complex landscape of cybersecurity threats.

This study explores the interrelationship between sustainable development and entrepreneurship in Kenya. It examines how entrepreneurial activities contribute to sustainable economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental protection. The study employs recent data and APA references to provide an in-depth analysis of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in Kenya and its impact on sustainable development.

As the world transitions towards a low-carbon economy, hydrogen energy is emerging as a promising alternative to traditional fossil fuels. African cities are no exception, with several major cities investing in hydrogen energy initiatives. This study examines the current state of hydrogen energy advancements across major African cities, highlighting successes, challenges, and future prospects. **Introduction:** African cities are facing significant energy challenges, including high dependence on imported fossil fuels, inadequate infrastructure, and limited access to clean energy. Hydrogen energy offers a promising solution, with its potential to power transportation, industry, and homes with zero greenhouse gas emissions. This study aims to examine the current state of hydrogen energy 2 advancements across major African cities, including Lagos, Cairo, Johannesburg, Nairobi, and Accra. **Methodology:** This study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining desk research with interviews and surveys. A total of 20 stakeholders from government, private sector, and civil society organizations were interviewed in each city. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. **Findings:** **Lagos, Nigeria:** Lagos is actively pursuing hydrogen energy initiatives, with several companies investing in hydrogen fuel cell technology for transportation and power generation. However, challenges include limited infrastructure and high costs. **Cairo, Egypt:** Cairo is focusing on hydrogen production from natural gas and biomass. While there are some challenges related to production costs and energy efficiency, the city is making progress in developing a hydrogen economy.

This research examines the intersection of health and human rights in Kenya, emphasizing the paramount importance of equity. It explores the current state of health and human rights in Kenya, identifies the challenges and inequities present, and assesses the impact of these factors on the population. Through practical case studies, the research highlights successful interventions and ongoing struggles, providing a comprehensive understanding of the situation. The paper concludes with recommendations for promoting equity in health and human rights in Kenya.

This policy paper aims to address the rising issue of juvenile and communal gangs in Mombasa and Kwale counties, Kenya. It outlines the current situation, identifies the root causes, and proposes a multi-faceted approach involving community engagement, law enforcement, education, and social services to curb gang activities and rehabilitate affected youth.

This study examines the impact of strategic digital finance intelligence on the performance of donor-funded small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Mombasa County, Kenya. Employing qualitative methods and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis, we explore how digital finance strategies enhance operational efficiency, financial transparency, and overall business performance in 120 SMEs. The findings highlight the critical role of digital finance tools in optimizing resource utilization and driving growth in donor-funded enterprises.

Executive Summary:
The coast region of Kenya has faced significant social, economic, and political challenges, including poverty, inequality, and conflict. This strategic paper explores the potential of arts-based social movements as a means of promoting peace and social cohesion in the region. The study identifies opportunities and blockages in the art of peace formation process, highlighting the role of arts-based initiatives in fostering dialogue, building bridges, and promoting sustainable development.

The role of leadership in formulating and executing successful business strategies in line with  sustainable development is crucial, especially in developing countries. Visionary,  transformational, and ethical leadership qualities are essential in navigating the complex  challenges of sustainable development. By integrating sustainability into core business strategies,  fostering innovation, building partnerships, and overcoming barriers, leaders can drive meaningful  progress towards a sustainable future.

Sustainability reporting is a critical component for fostering sustainable development in Africa. This report outlines the steps, methodologies, and best practices for implementing effective sustainability reporting in the African context. By integrating economic, social, and environmental considerations, organizations can drive long-term value creation and contribute to the sustainable development goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations.

Summary
This is a structure of the independent conceptual paper for the University of Nairobi and other universities for students who want to undertake their PhD proposals in preparation for partial award of the PhD programmes. An independent conceptual study paper is very crucial and as much as some universities allow their students to graduate without one, it is an academic offence and since 2013 some 14 PhD have been recalled in Kenya due to the fact that they ignored this step. Through the guidance of the SODL University of Nairobi director Prof. Rambo, Martin Otundo Richard (PhD fellow) developed this paper to guide you. Kindly embrace it and call/whatsapp Martin Otundo on +254721246744 or email martinotundo@gmail.com for any guidance on research related issues or data analysis. Martin Otundo does freelance research, journals development, funded proposals and academic research on request.

A sample concept paper and topics in strategic management presented by Martin Otundo Richard: +254721246744; martinotundo@gmail.com . Martin Otundo is a PHD student at jkuat Kenya, a part-time lecturer, founder and director of m-world research firm in Mombasa.-Kenya.

a study done under the guidance of Malimu Martin Otundo and it aimed at investigating the
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE THREE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE THREE NATIONAL SAFETY NET PROGRAMMES IN KWALE COUNTY, KENYA. It has been posted asa sample of facts in similar researches.

Abstract.
According to United Nations (2014), water use has grown at more twice the rate of population increases in the last century. By 2025, an estimated 1.8 billion people live in areas plague by water scarcity with two thirds of the population living in water stressed regions as a result of use, growth and climate change (National geographic, 2014) .Water stress is defined as occurring when more than 40% of water from a region is unavailable because its already being used a situation which currently affects roughly one third of the global population. Increased population increases pollution, withdraws and reduces renewable water resources therefore there is a great need to reduce water use and wastage (WHO/UNICEF 2014).From this realization of how scarce the water is supposed to be in the coming years, the researcher decided to do a self-research for the world- especially the people living on the Kenyan coast- on how to sustainably use their waters. This research has touched on a number of issues that are surrounding wise use o our waters. The researcher is a PhD student in Kenya in project management class and he does a number of researches for both individual students and the corporate world. He is always available on +254721246744, martinotundo@gmail.com.He is based in Mombasa and he is a high school teacher at Lungalunga Secondary school in Kwale County where he teaches Kiswahili and Geography.

Martin Otundo Richard is a Lecturer at JKUAT Kenya and runs a research firm that has its headquarters in Mombasa Kenya. He can be reached through +254721246744 or martinotundo@gmail.com
INFLUENCE OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF STATE CORPORATIONS IN KENYA

Martin Otundo Richard is a Lecturer at JKUAT Kenya and runs a research firm that has its headquarters in Mombasa Kenya. He can be reached through +254721246744 or martinotundo@gmail.com
DETERMINANTS OF GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN COUNTY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IMPLEMENTATION IN KENYA

Over years, energetic men and women have failed to secure their dream jobs due to a number of reasons where a poor tailor made CV/resume plays a central role. Martin Otundo (PhD student at JKUAT Mombasa Campus)  has taken this chance to make a number of CV templates that can be edited by job seekers in various fields to come with job winning CV/resume.  Reach me at anytime on +254721246744 or email martinotundo@gmail.com anytime.

Abstract
A big amount of community development funds has been committed to development projects in each constituency since the introduction of the CDF kitty in 2003 in the Kenya. The major aim of these funds has been and still is according to the Kenya government to work against poverty and also control imbalances in regional development. However, despite the fact that CDF led to the identification of projects to be completed in the country, the completion and performance of these projects have been influenced by a number of factors. The issues surrounding the implementation of CDF projects for are not limited to: poor management by the top CDF boards, corruption, Weak supervision or M&E, Low community participation, Poor Project planning and many more. It is in this realization that a study is to be carried out to examine the performance of CDF projects in Kenya with a bias to Malindi run projects. The objectives include: To examine the influence of project managers in the performance of CDF projects in Malindi Constituency; To find out the influence of community participation in the performance of CDF projects in Malindi Constituency, Kenya; To examine the influence of politics in the performance of CDF projects in Malindi Constituency, Kenya; and; To investigate the influence of monitoring and evaluation in the performance of CDF projects in Malindi Constituency, Kenya. This study shall employ the use of a descriptive survey research design. The study will be carried out in Malindi Constituency that is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of the constituencies in Kilifi County. The total population of 150 respondents shall be used. A sample population of 109 shall be considered from the study. Random sampling procedure shall be used to pick 11 respondents from the CDF committee as guided by the Yamane formula and the rest 98 shall be randomly selected from the various projects in the constituency. The questionnaires are the main instruments of data collection that will be used.

Abstract
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is a business strategy to identify, cultivate, and maintain long-term profitable relationships. It requires developing a method to select the most profitable customer relationships or those with the most potential and working to provide those customers with quality service that exceeds their expectations. CRM looks at ways to treat clients as individuals with specific needs so as to attain a position where the organization can influence clients‟ choices positively toward their product and service offerings (Robert-Phelps, 2004). The emergence of new channels and technologies is significantly altering how companies/banks interface with their customers, a development bringing about a greater degree of integration between marketing, sales, and customer service functions in organizations. The research design adopted is descriptive. The target population of study comprises of all the 6 Kenya Commercial Bank branches operating in Kenya‟s Mombasa County. The research shall focus on the personnel attached to the ICT department and the employees who interact with the computer on daily basis. This adds up to approximately 189 employees from the 6 branches. The employees shall involve managers and middle level employees as shown in the Appendix III. Stratified sampling technique shall be adopted for this study followed by simple random sampling in each stratum. In in this way, the respondents shall be classified into 6 strata as per the commercial bank of Kenya branches in Mombasa County. Later on a threshold of 30% shall be adopted to calculate the number of respondents who shall be sampled from randomly from each stratum. Therefore a population sample of 57 respondents shall be used for this study. A structured questionnaire shall be used to collect primary data from the respondents. Data obtained from the field shall be sorted and prepared for interpretation. Qualitative data shall be presented through normal descriptions while quantitative data shall be keyed in and analysed using the SPSS version 20.0 program. Data analysis shall involve calculation of mean scores and proportions, and it shall be presented by frequency distribution tables. Chi-square test shall be used to determine relationship between demographic variables i.e. it shall be used to test the hypothesis to establish the relationship between the independent and dependent variable.

strategic leadership is a very important tool in strategy implementation in all the organizations in the world today. The paper has focused in depth, some of the roles played by leadership in strategy implementation in public universities with a specific emphasis on JKUAT Mombasa campus. It should be noted that this is a sample paper for students carrying their masters degree or PhD degree in strategic management in JKUAT and can be applied in any of the organizations.Martin Otundo is a senior researchers and a PhD student in project management at JKUAT Mombasa campus. He is a scholar of knowledge, who has done a number of papers that are aimed at making education and knowledge search easier. Contacts: martinotundo@gmail.com or +254721246744

Dr. Martin Otundo is a seasoned educationalist, a researcher and consultant in projects planning and management with over 10 years experience. He is a senior freelancer who has served numerous Blue-Chip companies and individuals in various fields. He can be reached for any consultancy related assignments cutting across research work, career guidance and development, proposals development (PhD, Master Degree research work, undergraduate and diploma) data management, projects M&E, online classes and materials development etc.
Call: +254721246744
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This is a powerpoint presentation guiding students who are studying Geography and teachers on how to make it very easy both in practice and theory developed by Martin Otundo Richard. Martin is an experienced teacher, lecturer, data analyst and projects consultant. He can be reached through +254721246744 (phonecall or whatsapp) or email: martinotundo@gmail.com

Describe the digestion of a starchy meal along the human alimentary canal. S (13 mks) Answer-Starch in food is first broken down in the mouth by action of teeth/ chewing; This increases the surface area exposed enzyme action; saliva contains salivary amylase which breaks down some starch to maltose; saliva has a slightly alkaline pH which is optimum for the enzyme; The food moves down to the oespophagus and stomach; where the acidic pH, due presence of dilute Hcl, prevents further action of salivary amylase; In the duodenum, pancreatic amylase continues digestion of starch to maltose; Pancreatic amylase is produced in the pancrease; and enters the duodenum through pancreatic ducts; the acidic chyme is neutralized by the sodium bicarbonate in bile/ pancreatic juice; Maltose digestion continues in the ileum; whose walls secrete succus entericus/ intestinal juice; which contains enzyme maltase; which breaks down maltose to glucose; (Max 13 marks) (b) Describe the process of urea formation. (7marks) answer Excess amino acids / proteins; are transported to the liver 2. (a) Describe how gaseous exchange occurs in terrestrial plants. (13 marks) Answer Gaseous exchange takes place in a spongy mesophyl During the day air diffuses into large air spaces of spongy mesophyll; through stomata; the Carbon (IV) Oxide in the air diffuses into Photosynthetic cells; in solution form; during photosynthesis Carbon (iv) Oxide is used while oxygen is produced. Oxygen diffuses out of the leaf; through stomata; During the night; air diffuses into the air spaces (of spongy mesophyll), the air dissolves into film of moisture; then oxygen diffuses into the cells; and is used in respiration during which carbon (iv) oxide is produced, the Carbon (iv) Oxide diffuses out of the leaf; through stomata; due to concentration/diffusion gradient; Gaseous exchange takes place through epidermis (of young leaves and stems); epidermis of the root carries out gaseous exchange with air in the soil; some plants have pneumatophores/breathing roots; in which gaseous exchange occurs through lenticels; (found in

These are chemistry notes simplified for highschool, college and university students by Martin Otundo Richard for free. They are posited at academia to add free knowledge to this world for free and enrich the world each day. Martin can be reached via martinotundo@gmail.com or whtasapp on +254721246744

Monitoring and Evaluation Systems require twelve main components in order to function effectively and efficiently to achieve the desired results. These twelve M&E components are discussed in detail below: 1. Organizational Structures with M&E Functions The adequate implementation of M&E at any level requires that there is a unit whose main purpose is to coordinate all the M&E functions at its level. While some entities prefer to have an internal organ to oversee its M&E functions, others prefer to outsource such services. This component of M&E emphasizes the need for M&E unit within the organization, how elaborate its roles are defined, how adequately its roles are supported by the organizations hierarchy and how other units within the organization are aligned to support the M&E functions within the organization. 2. Human Capacity for M&E An effective M&E implementation requires that there is only adequate staff employed in the M&E unit, but also that the staff within this unit have the necessary M&E technical know-how and experience. As such, this component emphasizes the need to have the necessary human resource that can run the M&E function by hiring employees who have adequate knowledge and experience in M&E implementation, while at the same time ensuring that the M&E capacity of these employees are continuously developed through training and other capacity building initiatives to ensure that they keep up with current and emerging trends in the field. 3. Partnerships for Planning, Coordinating and Managing the M&E System A prerequisite for successful M&E systems whether at organizational or national levels is the existence of M&E partnerships. Partnerships for M&E systems are for organizations because they complement the organization's M&E efforts in the M&E process and they act as a source of verification for whether M&E functions align to intended objectives. They also serve auditing purposes where line ministries, technical working groups, communities and other stakeholders are able to compare M&E outputs with reported outputs. 4. M&E frameworks/Logical Framework The M&E framework outlines the objectives, inputs, outputs and outcomes of the intended project and the indicators that will be used to measure all these. It also outlines the assumptions that the M&E system will adopt. The M&E framework is essential as it links the objectives with the process and enables the M&E expert know what to measure and how to measure it. REPORT THIS AD 5. M&E Work Plan and costs Closely related to the M&E frameworks is the M&E Work plan and costs. While the framework outlines objectives, inputs, outputs and outcomes of the intended project, the work plan outlines how the resources that have been allocated for the M&E functions will be used to achieve the goals of M&E. The work plan shows how personnel, time, materials and money will be used to achieve the set M&E functions. 6. Communication, Advocacy and Culture for M&E This refers to the presence of policies and strategies within the organization to promote M&E functions. Without continuous communication and advocacy initiatives Page2 Page2Cite as Otundo M. (2019) The 12 Key Components Of M&E Systems Martin Otundo +254721246744 (whatsapp); email;

Prepared by Martin Otundo Richard (PhD Fellow in Project Management at JKUAT-Mombasa Campus). A long serving Geography and Kiswahili teacher at Lungalunga Sec. Kwale County, an Author of several university and high school  materials,  a lecturer at JKUAT, a Scholar and Senior Researcher. He can be reached via: martinotundo@gmail.com  : +254721246744

Teachers in Kenya have been fining it difficult to do lesson plans that enable them to deliver the curriculum and content effectively. This is a complete guide on planned lessons that can be adopted for effective and better teaching of teaching the Geography b subject in secondary schools in Kenya. The lessons have been prepared from the first chapter in form one to the last chapter/unit in form four. The lessons have been prepared by Martin Otundo (one of the best teachers of Geography in Kenya and a PhD student in project planning and management at JKUAT Kenya). He is currently a lecturer, tutor, researcher, scholar, teacher and data analyst. The lessons have been reviewed by a number of teachers in the process of ensuring validity and reliability. Martin Otundo +254721246744 martinotundo@gmail.com