- Professor of Finance
Department of Accounting & Finance
College of Business Administration
Kingdom University, Bahrain. - +973 38397873
Iqbal T Hawaldar
Mangalore University, Accounting Finance, Undergraduate
- Corporate Finance, Efficient Market Hypothesis, Finance and banking, Leadership, Capital Markets, Business, and 16 moreFinance, Management, Environmental Sustainability, Mathematics, Research Methodology, Human Resource Management, Business Administration, Entrepreneurship, Development Studies, Economics, Engineering, Psychology, Education, Technology, Social Sciences, and Sustainable Developmentedit
- Professor of Financeedit
The advent of Industry 4.0 presents a spectrum of challenges for entrepreneurs in India, demanding specific skills and resources. Within this transformative landscape, engineering disciplines assume a pivotal role in navigating the... more
The advent of Industry 4.0 presents a spectrum of challenges for entrepreneurs in India, demanding specific skills and resources. Within this transformative landscape, engineering disciplines assume a pivotal role in navigating the complexities of the new industrial revolution yet pose challenges in instilling entrepreneurial skills. While universities are recognised for fostering entrepreneurial skills, a gap persists in comprehending students' intentions to pursue entrepreneurship after completing their studies, especially within technical education systems. This emphasises the necessity for a comprehensive examination of variations in entrepreneurial orientation among diverse engineering disciplines. The study employed cross-sectional research and surveyed 370 final-year engineering students from leading engineering colleges in Karnataka, India. The data analysis included Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings demonstrate a significant propensity for entrepreneurship among engineering students, highlighting attributes such as innovativeness, risk-taking, and proactiveness. However, contrary to expectations, the study does not discern distinct entrepreneurial orientations across different engineering disciplines. Importantly, it unveils that college education has minimal influence on students' entrepreneurial intentions.
Research Interests: Education Innovation and Ventures, Social Entrepreneurship, Innovation statistics, Economics of Innovation, Management of Innovation, and 7 moreOpen Innovation, Small Business Policy Development and Entrepreneurship Development, Enterpreneurship, Educational Innovation, Entrevista Psicológica, Innovation & Change Management, and Social Entrepreneurship & Innovation
The concurrent effects of customer predispositions, customer engagement behaviour (CEB) and self-brand connections (SBC) on loyalty are less understood. This article will examine how relationship quality and consumer predispositions... more
The concurrent effects of customer predispositions, customer engagement behaviour (CEB) and self-brand connections (SBC) on loyalty are less understood. This article will examine how relationship quality and consumer predispositions (self-concept, brand communal focus) affect loyalty, with customer engagement behaviour and self-brand connection acting as mediating factors. A cross-sectional survey with a quantitative study design was used to gather information from 380 users of FinTech apps in the Indian state of Karnataka. The main findings indicate that self-concept does not generate loyalty by itself but rather fosters loyalty through the mediation of SBC and CEBs. Similarly, a trusted and satisfied customer remains brand loyal. A sense of communal focus among consumers results in self-brand connections only if they are positively engaged with the brand. Customer interactions and engagement in social media can have a significant impact on the development of digital self-brand relationships. Contrary to the literature, we found that positive engagement fosters loyalty only if it leads to brand connection. Repeat patronage and willingness to buy new products or price insensitivity depend on strong emotional brand connections and CEBs. Hence, FinTech companies should match their experiences, offerings, and brand messages to the way that consumers view themselves. To engage customers in new ways and establish a connection with them, they should also offer stimulating and compelling virtual experiences on their platforms. Therefore, FinTech consumers can maintain brand loyalty through self-brand connections and brand engagement through self-concepts.
Research Interests:
The dynamic relationship between stock returns and trading volumes is examined during normal and crisis periods by a combining the Bai-Perron structural break test with Granger Causality test. The daily price and volume data of 4... more
The dynamic relationship between stock returns and trading volumes is examined during normal and crisis periods by a combining the Bai-Perron structural break test with Granger Causality test. The daily price and volume data of 4 important indices and Nifty Fifty index based companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE) are included in the study for the years 2005 to 2022. The results of this study give valuable insights into the influence of periods falling during two important crisis periods, the Global Financial Crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic, on the nature of relationship between the variables under study. We find that the market is not permanently efficient and our findings indicate the nature of causal relationships to be closer to the postulates of adaptive market efficiency. Although the market appears efficient for the most part at the aggregate market level there are periods at sector level and firm level which are long enough for traders to profit from strategies that exploit associations between price and volume.
Research Interests:
The study uses wavelet power spectrum and wavelet coherence transformation methodologies to examine how geopolitical risk affected the returns on stocks, oil, and gold during the GFC, COVID-19, and Russia-Ukraine war-three disruptive... more
The study uses wavelet power spectrum and wavelet coherence transformation methodologies to examine how geopolitical risk affected the returns on stocks, oil, and gold during the GFC, COVID-19, and Russia-Ukraine war-three disruptive events that affected the world’s financial markets. For better diversification benefits during the turbulent times, we further investigate the degree of co movement in frequency and time domains. We observe that GPR has high variations during Russia-Ukraine war period compared to COVID-19 period and is shown to have least variation during the GFC period. WTI crude oil and DJGI indexes are observed to have high variations during GFC, and COVID-19 periods followed by Russia-Ukraine war. We further observe that GOLD offers better diversification opportunity as well as leading movement against WTI and DJGI during disruptive events in financial markets. The results provide new understanding of how geopolitical
risk affects financial assets for international investors, fund managers, and
regulators, which would further aid to find risky and safer haven possibilities during the turmoil periods.
risk affects financial assets for international investors, fund managers, and
regulators, which would further aid to find risky and safer haven possibilities during the turmoil periods.
Research Interests:
The efficient planning, execution, and management of institutional frameworks for climate change adaptation are essential to sustainable development. India, in particular, is known to be disproportionately vulnerable to the consequences... more
The efficient planning, execution, and management of institutional frameworks for climate change adaptation are essential to sustainable development. India, in particular, is known to be disproportionately vulnerable to the consequences of climate change. This study examines the effects of environmental taxes, corruption, urbanization, economic growth, ecological risks, and renewable energy sources on CO2 emissions in India from 1978 to 2018. Therefore, the ARDL model is used to draw inferences, and Pairwise Granger causality is also applied to demonstrate a cause and- effect relationship. The empirical results show that corruption, environmental dangers, GDP, and urbanization positively influence India’s carbon emissions. However, the results of the short-run
elasticities show that carbon emissions reduce ecological sustainability. Environmental hazards and costs, like other countries, impact India’s carbon emissions. Therefore, decision-makers in India should set up strict environmental regulations and anti-corruption measures to combat unfair
practice that distorts competition laws and policies. In addition, the government concentrates more on energy efficiency policies that diminish carbon emissions without hampering economic growth in the country.
elasticities show that carbon emissions reduce ecological sustainability. Environmental hazards and costs, like other countries, impact India’s carbon emissions. Therefore, decision-makers in India should set up strict environmental regulations and anti-corruption measures to combat unfair
practice that distorts competition laws and policies. In addition, the government concentrates more on energy efficiency policies that diminish carbon emissions without hampering economic growth in the country.
Research Interests: Environmental Sustainability, Tourism Planning & Development, Tourism Impacts, Environmental Preservation through Tourism, Alterations in Urban Island Tourism Destinations, Crisis Management, Hellenic and International Tourism Flows, Destination Marketing, and Tourism Sustainability, Carbon Credits, Emissions Trading, Pricing of Cabon Credits, Environmental and Sustainability Policy, Carbon Emissions, and 6 moreEnvironmental Taxation Law, Tourism Development and Sustainability (Social/Cultural and Environmental Issues), Environmental Management and Sustainability, Environmental Taxation, Environmental Applied Science and Management. Environmental Sustainability, and Envronmental
The paper is based on information which is a combination of store advertisement and consumers’ path inside the store along with product information. With this information, the authors find how advertisement affects the behavior of... more
The paper is based on information which is a combination of store advertisement and consumers’ path inside the store along with product information. With this information, the authors find how advertisement affects the behavior of consumers when making the decision. The findings suggest that advertisement has a small impact on customers inside the stores. Null effect is determined, and one standard deviation in advertising has an impact on store traffic by 1.2%. But the impact at a lower end of the model is observed. One standard deviation in advertisement has impacted the store sales by 8.4%. Based on further data mining, the research has found that there is no significant improvement in the number of customers, but the increase in sales is because of the higher quantity of purchases by the existing consumers. However, the effect of advertisement on products placed in the same or nearby shelf is not found, the impact on product varieties in the same segment is also not found. Based...
Research Interests: Business, Marketing, Advertising, Marketing Research, Marketing Strategy, and 10 moreMarketing Management, Social Science Research Network, Business and Management, Publication, Path Tracking, Consumer Behaviour, AIDA model, influence of advertisement on consumer , Influence of AIDA model on consumer, and promotion tool
The present study determines the impacts of different types of green intellectual capital such as green human capital, green structural capital, and green relational capital on environmental sustainability in the Sultanate of Oman. It has... more
The present study determines the impacts of different types of green intellectual capital such as green human capital, green structural capital, and green relational capital on environmental sustainability in the Sultanate of Oman. It has become a crucial aspect to analyze the effect of green intellectual capital on ecological sustainability. A simple random sample technique is used to assemble data using a structured questionnaire from 205 respondents working at Raysut Cement Company and Salalah Methanol Company in Oman. The covariance-based equation in the structural modeling perspective is used to examine data. The study's results reveal that green structure-based capital is the only dimension of green Intellectual capital that significantly affects environmental sustainability. In contrast, green human capital and relation-based capital do not substantially affect ecological sustainability. Conclusively, this study also provides ecological strategies that can be useful to enrich organizations to accomplish sustainability.
Research Interests:
The purpose of the present study is to identify the determinants of continuance intentions to use FinTech peer-to-peer (P2P) payment apps in India. Design: A cross-sectional survey of 463 FinTech users was carried out during the pandemic... more
The purpose of the present study is to identify the determinants of continuance intentions to use FinTech peer-to-peer (P2P) payment apps in India. Design: A cross-sectional survey of 463 FinTech users was carried out during the pandemic with the help of a digital questionnaire. The study has empirically tested an extended expectancy confirmation model and theory of acceptance to examine the determinants of continuance intentions to use FinTech P2P payment apps. Findings: We demonstrate that confirmation of prior expectations and post-adoption perceived usefulness determine continuance intention to use FinTech payment services. Cognitive acceptance (trust) and normative acceptance (social influence) not only determine behavioural acceptance (willingness to co-create) but also influences continuance intentions. Confirmation of initial expectations during service use determines satisfaction and post-purchase perceived usefulness. Practical implications: The continuous use of FinTech P2P services can be ensured by fulfilling users' post-purchase expected benefits, fostering trust, and social influence. These can be achieved by gearing up internal resources to provide customized experiences that meet customers' expectations and facilitate fruitful interactions. Only if the mobile experience is accessible and meets the expectations of customers, they would appreciate its performance and value in the offerings leading to extensive use of FinTech P2P services. Originality/value: The present paper is based on extended ECM and the theory of acceptance that aim to explain continuance intention to use FinTech P2P payments. The study findings add to the limited body of research in the context of FinTech P2P payments.
Research Interests:
One of the prominent types of calendar anomalies includes holiday effects, where stocks show abnormally higher mean returns on the days prior to holidays in comparison to other trading days. The current study investigates the existence of... more
One of the prominent types of calendar anomalies includes holiday effects, where stocks show abnormally higher mean returns on the days prior to holidays in comparison to other trading days. The current study investigates the existence of holiday effects in the stock exchanges of the Gulf
Research Interests: Stock Return, Descriptive Statistics, Gulf Co-operation Council, Volatility of Stock Returns, Calendar Anomalies, and 5 moreDESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS AND INFERENCE, Seasonal effects / Calendar Anomalies, holiday effect in stock market , Holiday effects on stock returns , and Holiday effects in Indian stock Market
This research makes an attempt to understand various factors that influence the adoption of mobile applications. Within the context of the “Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology” (UTAUT) modified model, considering the... more
This research makes an attempt to understand various factors that influence the adoption of mobile applications. Within the context of the “Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology” (UTAUT) modified model, considering the upcoming demand and increase in demand for mobile- banking applications, the researcher tried to explore the theoretical concept between random people of various states in India. The primary data was collected by preparing a questionnaire and circulating it using Google Forms. The collected data was further coded into Smart PLS 4 to understand the model and structural equation with reference to mobile-banking technological adoption and factors that had a significant impact. The conclusions derived from the study is that social influence, “effort expectancy”, and “trust” factors had a very strong influence on the “purchase intention”, whereas “effort” and “risk” factors had a negligible impact on purchase intent. It was also found that the UTAUT model is appropriate for evaluating the technological adoption of mobile-banking applications. With the advent of many players in the market and their unique banking management applications on mobile platforms, consumers are moving towards different third-party app than their origin bank in which they hold account. This has forced banking institutions to up the pace in the competition, introducing a lot of new features. It is also important to understand that, as a customer, there are a lot of attributes that he would be looking into for adoption. This paper is an attempt to understand the advancements in various variables that consumers would look at in the area of mobile-banking applications.
Research Interests:
Investigating the impact of normal and abnormal loss factors in the garment industry: A case study based on a jeans manufacturer in India This study aimed to analyze the normal and abnormal loss of a jeans manufacturing company in India.... more
Investigating the impact of normal and abnormal loss factors in the garment industry: A case study based on a jeans manufacturer in India This study aimed to analyze the normal and abnormal loss of a jeans manufacturing company in India. Personal interviews and observation methods are used in this study. Abnormal loss in quantity and rupee value is computed for 40 days of production based on the observed data. Mean abnormal losses are computed and one sample t-test is applied to test the hypotheses that the mean abnormal loss is not equal to zero. The study revealed that a normal loss of 3 to 5% is expected in any garment manufacturing company due to loss during the cutting and shrinkage process. The p-values of one sample t-test were less than 0.05 for all the tested hypotheses, hence, all the null hypotheses (H 01 to H 05 mean abnormal losses equal to zero) were rejected. Further, it was found that fabric is the big contributor in terms of abnormal loss. Hence, proper training for workers and recruiting of trained workers are advised to reduce abnormal losses.
Research Interests:
This paper aims to empirically test the impact of entrepreneurial competencies on the performances of SMEs in Bangladesh. The data are obtained from 115 entrepreneurs by a structured questionnaire. The partial least square structural... more
This paper aims to empirically test the impact of entrepreneurial competencies on the performances of SMEs in Bangladesh. The data are obtained from 115 entrepreneurs by a structured questionnaire. The partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method is applied to find the causal relationship between exogenous and endogenous variables. The results reveal that the organizing and leading, learning, relationship, and commitment competencies of entrepreneurs have a meaningful impact on SME performance. On the contrary, strategic and opportunity competencies have no effect on the performance of SMEs. The contribution of this study is to find out the relevant entrepreneurial competencies and to empirically test their impacts on the
performance of SMEs in a developing country setting. This study gives insights into the policymakers regarding the entrepreneurship training and development program. Finally, the competency measurement of this study provides a unique scope for designing such training and development
programs for entrepreneurs.
performance of SMEs in a developing country setting. This study gives insights into the policymakers regarding the entrepreneurship training and development program. Finally, the competency measurement of this study provides a unique scope for designing such training and development
programs for entrepreneurs.
Research Interests:
Crude oil futures to manage the price risk of textile equities: An empirical evidence from India The textile sector in India is the oldest manufacturing sector. As the raw materials for this sector are sourced from the petrochemical... more
Crude oil futures to manage the price risk of textile equities: An empirical evidence from India The textile sector in India is the oldest manufacturing sector. As the raw materials for this sector are sourced from the petrochemical industries, the earnings of Indian textile companies are dependent on the crude oil price. The crude price in the international market has become more volatile and hence, the equity price of Indian textile companies has become more volatile. This study aims to develop two price risk management strategies for Indian textile equities. Using the vector autoregressive (VAR) model, a price forecast model, further the possibility of cross hedge for textile equities with the help of crude futures is examined using the Granger causality test and Pearson correlation statistics. The results of the study showed that crude futures price in India is one of the price determinants of textile industry stock prices.
This study aims to determine the impact of banking efficiency on the profitability of the Indian banking division. The ratios (key variables) used in the study are mentioned by the Reserve Bank of India-RBI (Central bank of India).... more
This study aims to determine the impact of banking efficiency on the profitability of the Indian banking division. The ratios (key variables) used in the study are mentioned by the Reserve Bank of India-RBI (Central bank of India). Through a quantitative approach, pooled panel regression, univariate analysis, correlation, and descriptive statistics models are used by taking annual data of the Indian banking division from 2001 to 2020 available on the Thomson Reuters (Refinitiv) Database. Unbalanced cross-sectional data (panel data) comprising 527 bank-year observations for 33 Indian banks were studied. It was decided to evaluate the impact of efficiency (cost to income ratio and staff expenses to total expenses ratio) on the profitability (return on assets and net interest margin ratio) of the banks from the Indian banking division. The results revealed that the cost to income ratio has a significant negative impact on the bank return on assets and net interest margin ratio. The staff expenses to total expenses ratio has a significant positive impact on the bank return on assets and a positive nonsignificant impact on the bank net interest margin ratio.
Retail customers often wait to complete their purchases during the checkout process. Prior research suggests that long checkout lines and service delays negatively affect customers' evaluation of store services. The present study... more
Retail customers often wait to complete their purchases during the checkout process. Prior research suggests that long checkout lines and service delays negatively affect customers' evaluation of store services. The present study investigates the potential customer and in-store distractions and their implication for emotional discomfort due to crowding stress. This study employed a cross-sectional research design and surveyed 385 respondents visiting the target retail outlets in Bengaluru, India. Correlation analysis explored the relationship between self-distraction, in-store distractions, and emotional discomfort. The study found that self-distraction negatively correlates with discomfort while in the queue (r =-0.119) and discomfort during the billing (r =-0.119). In contrast, in-store distractions (r =-0.161) and video displays near the checkout area (r = 0.116) effectively reduce emotional discomfort while in the queue. Additionally, point-of-purchase (POP) display (r =-0.265) and availability of refreshments near the billing counter (r =-0.175) are effective in reducing emotional discomfort during the billing. This study thus offers viable and affordable methods of improving the customer's waiting experience while contributing to store profits.
The purpose of the present study was to explicate the factors determining customers' intention to use budgeting apps since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional survey in South India was conducted to collect data from 285... more
The purpose of the present study was to explicate the factors determining customers' intention to use budgeting apps since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional survey in South India was conducted to collect data from 285 FinTech users. The data were analyzed using partial least square regression to estimate path coefficients and the PROCESS macro technique to identify moderation effects. Firstly, app engagement and self-efficacy were found to have a positive effect on the intention to use budgeting apps. Secondly, individuals who use FinTech services less frequently and those who use it to pay for a variety of expenses were found to have a greater effect on usage intentions of customer engagement, perceived trust, and perceived ease of use. Therefore, customization, real-time suggestions, providing tools for data visualization, smart data insights, and artificial intelligence-based recommendations and advice would assist customers in prudence money management.
This study examines the antecedents/determinants of behavioral intentions toward the utilization of Islamic financial technology for Middle Eastern customers. The study applied structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). After robust research... more
This study examines the antecedents/determinants of behavioral intentions toward the utilization of Islamic financial technology for Middle Eastern customers. The study applied structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). After robust research efforts were invested in the identification of factors, they and were converted into measures, and the results were analyzed. The results demonstrate that the independent variables shown in the UTAUT model have a significant impact on the behavior to adopt Islamic financial technology, which implies that the people are ready to use Islamic financial technology while making online transactions. The work in this study adds to the knowledge regarding the factors affecting behavioral intention to use Islamic fintech, as there is scarcity of studies in this domain, especially in the context of Middle Eastern online customers. Moreover, this study also considers the major categories of online payments.
The emerging-market banking sector plays a significant role in modern-day banking sector stability. In this study, we have used the dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) version of the Generalised autoregressive conditional... more
The emerging-market banking sector plays a significant role in modern-day banking sector stability. In this study, we have used the dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) version of the Generalised autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model to estimate the correlation among Emerging Markets (BANKSEK), Latin America (BANKSLA), Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRIC) (BANKSBC), Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece, and Spain (PIIGS) (BANKSPI) and Far East (BANKSFE). The study covers more than 100, 200 and 300 trading days of the GFC (starting July 8, 2008) and the COVID-19 pandemic (starting January 1, 2020). We have found that generally, in the short-term excluding PIIGS, all banks show similar pairwise correlation, and the pattern holds in the medium and long term. The far east banking sector displays a reduced correlation than their counterparts, even following the same pattern.
In the era of fintech, businesses using technology other than traditional banks are providing financial services. Crowdfunding and peer-to-peer (P2P) lending are two of the most exciting financial innovations of the twenty-first century.... more
In the era of fintech, businesses using technology other than traditional banks are providing financial services. Crowdfunding and peer-to-peer (P2P) lending are two of the most exciting financial innovations of the twenty-first century. In this paper, we use a bibliometric review and meta-analysis to understand the academic research on crowdfunding and P2P lending. Our findings show that the research on this topic has grown a lot in terms of publications since 2013 and the maximum mean total citations were observed in the year 2014. We provide the details about the most influential authors based on total citations, authors with the greatest number of publications, the most influential documents, significant journal sources, highest single country production, multiple country production, and important affiliations. We further apply the network analysis and visualisation techniques wherein we provide the details of the citation analysis of documents, cocitation analysis of authors, and co-occurrence analysis of author keywords. Finally, we provide the future directions of the research on this burgeoning topic.
Research Interests: Business, Efficient Market Hypothesis, Social Science Research Network, Garch Models, Runs Test, and 9 moreT Test, Testing of Efficient market hypothesis in India, ARCH effect, Hurst Index, Testing of Efficient market hypothesis, Testing of Efficient market hypothesis on Bahrain Bourse, Bahrain Bourse, Testing of random walk on Bahrain Bourse, and Testing of EMH on Bahrain Bourse
The research on Related Party Transactions (R.P.T.s) shows that the impact of R.P.T.s is context-dependent and there is no consensus on the findings of available studies. This study aims to examine the impact of R.P.T.s on firm value in... more
The research on Related Party Transactions (R.P.T.s) shows that the
impact of R.P.T.s is context-dependent and there is no consensus
on the findings of available studies. This study aims to examine
the impact of R.P.T.s on firm value in the Indian context and the interaction
effect of governance mechanism on the relationship
between R.P.T.s and firm value. A sample of 2,294 firms consisting
of 685 group affiliated firms and 1,609 standalone firms for a
period of 2014–2021 has been selected and panel data regression
the method has been applied for testing the hypotheses. The empirical
findings of the study support the transaction efficiency hypothesis
that R.P.T.s in India do not expropriate the interest of minority
shareholders and these transactions enhance the efficiency of the firm
by reducing transaction costs, enforcing optimal business contracts
and effectively allocating resources between affiliated firms. The
findings of the study also provide a significant contribution to the literature
by examining the interaction effect of the governance mechanism
on the relationship between R.P.T.s and firm value.
impact of R.P.T.s is context-dependent and there is no consensus
on the findings of available studies. This study aims to examine
the impact of R.P.T.s on firm value in the Indian context and the interaction
effect of governance mechanism on the relationship
between R.P.T.s and firm value. A sample of 2,294 firms consisting
of 685 group affiliated firms and 1,609 standalone firms for a
period of 2014–2021 has been selected and panel data regression
the method has been applied for testing the hypotheses. The empirical
findings of the study support the transaction efficiency hypothesis
that R.P.T.s in India do not expropriate the interest of minority
shareholders and these transactions enhance the efficiency of the firm
by reducing transaction costs, enforcing optimal business contracts
and effectively allocating resources between affiliated firms. The
findings of the study also provide a significant contribution to the literature
by examining the interaction effect of the governance mechanism
on the relationship between R.P.T.s and firm value.
Research Interests:
South Asia has seen a digital revolution in recent years. The number of persons who use the internet has risen drastically. They use it for shopping, social media and online sales. However, there exists a literature gap as far as the... more
South Asia has seen a digital revolution in recent years. The number of persons who use the internet has risen drastically. They use it for shopping, social media and online sales. However, there exists a literature gap as far as the effect of outbound digital marketing in B2B markets is concerned. The research builds a model based on brand and consumer interactions in Indian B2B markets using a vector autoregressive model to systemically analyze the cost and outcome of digital marketing efforts by the start-ups operating in South Asia. The multivariate time series analyzed in identifying simultaneous and consistent impacts by the start-ups. We use Vector autoregressive model as it allows us to analyse the relationship among the factors as it changes over time. The research finds evidence for the conceptual framework in South Asian markets. The results prove that sales are greatly influenced by digital media, and outbound marketing efforts, predominantly word of mouth, has a huge im...
Research Interests:
The study aims to determine the impact of the Capital Adequacy Ratio, Credit Losses Ratio, and Efficiency Ratio on the two significant profitability ratios, namely Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE), during the pandemic.... more
The study aims to determine the impact of the Capital Adequacy Ratio, Credit Losses Ratio, and Efficiency Ratio on the two significant profitability ratios, namely Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE), during the pandemic. Panel Data Regression is used to model the effects of Capital Adequacy, Credit Losses, and Efficiency Ratio on Return on Assets and Return on Equity of Indian banks. A suitable model has been developed by analyzing the results of the Hausman test and the p-values. It has been found that the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) with a coefficient value of –0.664, CET1 with a coefficient value of 1.83, and efficiency ratio with a coefficient value of 1.825 has significantly affected the return on assets as their p-values are less than 0.05. However, the accepted relationship between CAR and ROA, efficiency ratio, and ROA were inverse, but their coefficients were significant. The provision for credit losses (PCL) was not affecting the ROA significantly during the pandemic and hence was not considered while framing the model. Again, the dependent variable is the return on equity, except CAR. Other ratios, i.e., CET1, efficiency ratio, and PCL ratio have unacceptable correlations and are even non-significant as their p-values are less than 0.05.
Research Interests: ANALISIS PENGARUH EARNING PER SHARE (EPS) , RETURN ON EQUITY (ROE), DAN DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO (DER) TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN-PERUSAHAANDALAM JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX (JII)PERIODE TAHUN 2005-2007, NPA in banking sector, Panel Regression Model, Panel regression, Panel data regression, and 12 morePanel Data Fixed Effects and Seemingly Unrelated Regression, Corss-Country Panel Regression, NPA management of commercial Banks, Covid-19, COVID-19 PANDEMIC, Economic effects of COVID-19 , Return on assets (ROA), Return on equity (ROE), ROA (Return on Assets), Returns on Equity, Panel Data Regression Method, and Panel Data EGLS Regression
This paper investigates volatility spillovers in the stock market in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic by using GARCH family models. The empirical analysis is focused on the dynamics of the NIKKEI 225 stock market index during the sample... more
This paper investigates volatility spillovers in the stock market in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic by using GARCH family models. The empirical analysis is focused on the dynamics of the NIKKEI 225 stock market index during the sample period from July 30, 1998, to January 24, 2022. In other words, the sample period covers both the period of the global financial crisis (GFC) and the COVID-19 pandemic. The econometrics includes GARCH (1,1), GJR (1,1), and EGARCH (1,1) models. By applying GARCH family models, this empirical study also examines the long-term behavior of the Japanese stock market. The Japanese stock market is much more stable and efficient than emerging or frontier markets characterized by higher volatility and lower liquidity. The paper establishes that NIKKEI 225 index dynamics is different in intensity in the case of the two most recent extreme events analyzed, namely the global financial crisis (GFC)of 2007-2008 and the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings confirmed the presence of the leverage effect during the sample period. Moreover, the empirical results identified the presence of high volatility in the sample returns of the selected stock market. Nevertheless, the econometric framework showed that the negative implications of the GFC were much more severe and caused more significant contractions compared to the COVID-19 pandemic for the Japanese stock market. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing additional empirical evidence on the long-term behavior of the stock market in Japan, especially in the context of extreme events.
Research Interests:
The emerging-market banking sector plays a significant role in modern-day banking sector stability. In this study, we have used the dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) version of the Generalised autoregressive conditional... more
The emerging-market banking sector plays a significant role in modern-day banking sector stability. In this study, we have used the dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) version of the Generalised autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model to estimate the correlation among Emerging Markets (BANKSEK), Latin America (BANKSLA), Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRIC) (BANKSBC), Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece, and Spain (PIIGS) (BANKSPI) and Far East (BANKSFE). The study covers more than 100, 200 and 300 trading days of the GFC (starting July 8, 2008) and the COVID-19 pandemic (starting January 1, 2020). We have found that generally, in the short-term excluding PIIGS, all banks show similar pairwise correlation, and the pattern holds in the medium and long term. The far east banking sector displays a reduced correlation than their counterparts, even following the same pattern.
Research Interests: Emerging Markets, Emerging marketing Trend, Foreign direct investment and international spillovers, Technology spillovers, Banking Sector, and 8 moreVolatility spillovers, Business in Emerging Markets, Role of Management Information System in Banking Sector, DCC-GARCH, Fulbright Researcher Emerging Capital Markets, COVID-19 PANDEMIC, Economic effects of COVID-19 , and IMPACTS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC
The major aim of this empirical study is to estimate the volatility time series returns for a cluster of international stock markets, such as: Switzerland, Austria, China and Hong Kong. The paper demonstrates statistical modeleling in... more
The major aim of this empirical study is to estimate the volatility time series returns for a cluster of international stock markets, such as: Switzerland, Austria, China and Hong Kong. The paper demonstrates statistical modeleling in order to capture volatility clusters and changes in long and short term volatility impact. The econometric approch is based on randomly selected daily closing return collected for the main indices of stock markets in Switzerland, Austria, China and Hong Kong for the sample period January 2003 to September 2021. We used various statistical properties to test normalities based on using GARCH family models for estimating financial market volatility. Moreover, the sampled time interval includes two extreme events such as the global financial crisis (GFC) of 2007-2008 and the recent COVID-19 pandemic.
Research Interests: Finance, Econometrics, Volatility Forecasting, GARCH, Volatility modelind and forecasting, and 7 moreVolatility Measurement and Forecasting, Volatility Modelling With Multivariate GARCHs, commodity markets GARCH, GARCH Model, COVID-19 PANDEMIC, Symmetric and asymmetric GARCH models, and : Stochastic volatility model; volatility forecasting; Stock Exchange of Thailand
Agriculture should no longer be isolated because it is such a significant sector in India. Agriculture dominates the economy in Karnataka, India. Farmers that are 18 to 20 years old are actively involved in farming. Farmers, on average,... more
Agriculture should no longer be isolated because it is such a significant sector in India. Agriculture dominates the economy in Karnataka, India. Farmers that are 18 to 20 years old are actively involved in farming. Farmers, on average, have committed suicide between the ages of 35 and 45 all across India. Non-availability of credit, inferior inputs, and non-availability of extension services are among the causal factors. Amounts owed on bank and private loans have accumulated. They sell all of their gold and take out loans on all of their properties. When their children are grown and the question of their marriage arises at the ages of 35, 40, and 45, they believe there is little chance to address the vital family situation. Farmers are despised in society, have no fixed income or sufficient money, and do not work full-time. Unemployment and underemployment are common, and most people are forced to migrate as a result of starvation, drought, floods, and other natural disasters. Institutional lending and credit have been drastically cut. Farmers are forced to rely on money lenders and their indebtedness forces them to sell their products at a loss. As a result, they are unable to return the debt on time. Farmers approach banks and cannot get a loan from the bank for the mere reason of holding small size of land and hence they approach moneylenders and take money at a higher rate of interest and suffer. The current study is finding out the probable reasons for these gaps in the agricultural financial systems.
Research Interests: Sustainable agriculture, Sociology of agriculture, Agriculture, Impacts Of Climatic Change On Agriculture, Agriculture and Food Studies, and 7 moreAGRICULTURAL AND RURAL FINANCE; AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AND GENDER ISSUES, Agricultural Finance, Agricultural finance and Policy, Agricultural Finance and Insurance, Agricultural Finance and Coperatives, Agricultural finance and banking, and Agricultural Finance & Rural Development
This research paper analyses the impact of COVID-19 to investigate the overconfidence bias in 12 cyclical and defensive sectors in pre- and during COVID-19 periods using daily data from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2020. The results of... more
This research paper analyses the impact of COVID-19 to investigate the overconfidence bias in 12 cyclical and defensive sectors in pre- and during COVID-19 periods using daily data from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2020. The results of VAR show that in the pre COVID-19 phase overconfidence bias is more prevalent in all the cyclical sectors; in particular, MEDIA, METAL and REALTY have highly significant coefficients . In the defensive sectors, the VAR outcomes are not as strong as we expected, except for SERVICES. During the COVID-19 period, the investor shifted their focus to COVID-19-related opportunities, leading to a surge in the IT and PHARMA sectors. In both phases, METAL, MEDIA and REALTY exhibit overconfidence-driven stock trading behaviour.
ENERGY is the only sector in both the phases that does not witness overconfidence bias.
ENERGY is the only sector in both the phases that does not witness overconfidence bias.
Research Interests: Overconfidence, Public sector accounting, Self-Confidence, Rationality, Overconfidence, Behavioral Finance, Overconfidence, Investor Overconfidence, and 8 moreVariable, To Investgate the Impact of the Overconfidence to the Investment Decision of the Individual Investors., Coronavirus COVID-19, COVID-19 PANDEMIC, Economic effects of COVID-19 , Managerial overconfidence, Entrepreneurial Overconfidence, and new managerial overconfidence assessment model
Distress in online classrooms and problematic internet use are two issues that have caused student burnout and affected perceived learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the high pressure placed on students throughout COVID-19, it is... more
Distress in online classrooms and problematic internet use are two issues that have caused student burnout and affected perceived learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the high pressure placed on students throughout COVID-19, it is critical to understand the influence of problematic internet use (PIU), psychological stress, academic burnout, and resilience on perceived learning (PL). A cross-sectional analytical study was chosen to collect data from 350 learners pursuing undergraduate and postgraduate business/management degrees in Karnataka, India. The data were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) and Smart PLS 3. The present study reports a non-significant negative total effect of stress on PL, while there was a significant positive direct effect but a significant indirect negative effect of multiple mediators, namely PIU, burnout, and resilience. In the relationship between stress and PL, burnout has full competitive mediation, and the suppressive effect of burnout and resilience wipes out the beneficial benefit of stress on PL, resulting in reduced PL. As a societal problem, a change in educational policy and prevention strategies for students and organizations (reducing the number of courses, number of exams, and handling parental expectations) would be effective. Emotional intelligence to improve resilience, which assists students in sailing through a current challenging situation, and using IT for reducing negative and unexpected emotional outbursts should be encouraged.
Research Interests: Resilience, Stress, Stress Management, Resilience (Sustainability), Stress and Burnout, and 15 moreProblematic Internet Use, Stress and coping, Stress Intensity Factor, Determinants of Problematic Internet Use Among College Students, Academic burnout, Burnout among academics, attachment, problematic internet use, university students , Problematic Internet Use Scale for Senior Elementary School Students (PIUS-SESS), Coronavirus (COVID-19), burnout academico, COVID-19 PANDEMIC, Economic effects of COVID-19 , problematic Internet use; psychiatric sypmtoms; university students, COVID-19 lockdown, and Emergency Remote Learning and Teaching
South Asia has seen a digital revolution in recent years. The number of persons who use the internet has risen drastically. They use it for shopping, social media, and online sales. However, there exists a literature gap as far as the... more
South Asia has seen a digital revolution in recent years. The number of persons who use the internet has risen drastically. They use it for shopping, social media, and online sales. However, there exists a literature gap as far as the effect of outbound digital marketing in B2B markets is concerned. The research builds a model based on brand and consumer interactions in Indian B2B markets using a vector autoregressive model to systemically analyze the cost and outcome of digital marketing efforts by the start-ups operating in South Asia. The multivariate time series was analyzed in identifying simultaneous and consistent impacts by the start-ups. We use Vector autoregressive model as it allows us to analyze the relationship among the factors as it changes over time. The research finds evidence for the conceptual framework in South Asian markets. The results prove that sales are greatly influenced by digital media, and outbound marketing efforts, predominantly word of mouth, have a huge impact in building a brand image as it spread over on the social media platforms. It is observed that the digital marketing strategies and consumer interaction are the same across South Asia, but its effect varies from country to country within South Asia thus suggesting a need of developing a new strategy in digital marketing for B2B markets.
Research Interests: Digital Media, Southeast Asia, Innovation Management (Business), B2B E-Commerce, B2B Marketing, and 8 moreBusiness Start-Up, Digital Marketing, Marketing Digital, B2B Services, Business Start Ups, Start-ups and Scalability in Entrepreneurial ventures, Entrepeneurship, Start-Ups, Technology Transfer, and B2B Business
The study examines the vital connection between stock returns and oil price changes for oil-exporting/importing countries separately. We present evidence employing granger causality, impulse response, and error variance decomposition... more
The study examines the vital connection between stock returns and oil
price changes for oil-exporting/importing countries separately. We present evidence employing granger causality, impulse response, and error variance decomposition based on panel vector autoregression. The results of panel granger causality suggested that after the oil price crash owing to the covid-19 pandemic, the interdependence between oil and stock price changes increased. Similar results were revealed by
impulse response graphs and forecast error variance decomposition. Specifically, in the period marked by the rapid outbreak of the covid-19 pandemic, causality from oil to stocks increased. Although we found that both oil-exporting and oil-importing countries were affected in a similar way, oil price changes had a larger impact on oil-exporting countries. The findings of the present study have implications for investors and fund managers. By incorporating crude oil price in the prediction models, the accuracy of the stock returns forecast can be improved.
price changes for oil-exporting/importing countries separately. We present evidence employing granger causality, impulse response, and error variance decomposition based on panel vector autoregression. The results of panel granger causality suggested that after the oil price crash owing to the covid-19 pandemic, the interdependence between oil and stock price changes increased. Similar results were revealed by
impulse response graphs and forecast error variance decomposition. Specifically, in the period marked by the rapid outbreak of the covid-19 pandemic, causality from oil to stocks increased. Although we found that both oil-exporting and oil-importing countries were affected in a similar way, oil price changes had a larger impact on oil-exporting countries. The findings of the present study have implications for investors and fund managers. By incorporating crude oil price in the prediction models, the accuracy of the stock returns forecast can be improved.
Research Interests:
Waiting involves both cognition and emotions. It has a bearing on the overall perception of retail service quality. The advancement in retailing has triggered scholarly conversations on the psychological impact of waiting at the retail... more
Waiting involves both cognition and emotions. It has a bearing on the overall perception of retail service quality. The advancement in retailing has triggered scholarly conversations on the psychological impact of waiting at the retail checkout. Prior studies confirm customers being deeply involved in the passage of time and time estimation during the entire waiting period. This study investigates the customer idle time and its implication on emotional discomfort resulting from crowding stress. The study employed confirmatory sampling wherein specific sample elements are chosen since they are the key respondents to confirm hypotheses being tested. Accordingly, 385 respondents (shoppers) visiting the leading organized retailers located in major localities in Bengaluru were approached. The responses were analyzed using a Chi-squared test and Pearson correlation. The outcome reveals that irrespective of age and gender, customers visiting the offline retail outlets experience emotional discomfort. The young customers aged 18-30 dislike waiting in the queue at the checkout compared to older customers. In contrast, gender did not affect the inclination to wait. The idleness during the checkout waits causes emotional discomfort on most occasions. The findings supplement the growing research in psychology on the actual and perceived consumption of time, focusing on idleness. The study concludes that customers desire to avert an unproductive use of time, thus lowering their emotional discomfort.
Research Interests:
Waiting involves both cognition and emotions. It has a bearing on the overall perception of retail service quality. The advancement in retailing has triggered scholarly conversations on the psychological impact of waiting at the retail... more
Waiting involves both cognition and emotions. It has a bearing on the overall perception of retail service quality. The advancement in retailing has triggered scholarly conversations on the psychological impact of waiting at the retail checkout. Prior studies confirm customers being deeply involved in the passage of time and time estimation during the entire waiting period. This study investigates the customer idle time and its implication on emotional discomfort resulting from crowding stress. The study employed confirmatory sampling wherein specific sample elements are chosen since they are the key respondents to confirm hypotheses being tested. Accordingly, 385 respondents (shoppers) visiting the leading organized retailers located in major localities in Bengaluru were approached. The responses were analyzed using a Chi-squared test and Pearson correlation. The outcome reveals that irrespective of age and gender, customers visiting the offline retail outlets experience emotional discomfort. The young customers aged 18-30 dislike waiting in the queue at the checkout compared to older customers. In contrast, gender did not affect the inclination to wait. The idleness during the checkout waits causes emotional discomfort on most occasions. The findings supplement the growing research in psychology on the actual and perceived consumption of time, focusing on idleness. The study concludes that customers desire to avert an unproductive use of time, thus lowering their emotional discomfort.
Research Interests:
Islamic banking, as an alternative to conventional banking system, is currently one of the most rapidly growing segments of the global financial market industry operating with more than 300 institutions spread over 75 countries. ... more
Islamic banking, as an alternative to conventional banking system, is currently one of the most rapidly growing segments of the global financial market industry operating with more than 300 institutions spread over 75 countries. Undoubtedly, Islamic banks has cogent contribution towards the economic growth of any nation. This paper explores the analysis of the financial performance of retail and wholesale Islamic Banks operating in the Kingdom of Bahrain. For the empirical investigation, six retail and seven wholesale Islamic banks were selected for the study. Financial ratio analysis, standard deviation and correlation analyses were employed for the time period 2009-2013. The study found that there is a negative relationship among asset utilization ratio with staff cost to income ratio, operational efficiency ratio and cost to income ratio of retail Islamic Banks. Empirical results for wholesale Islamic banks revealed that there is a positive relationship among staff cost to in...
Research Interests:
The development of service sector is crucial in contributing to the GDP of any nation. The banking system plays a key role in the development of a country. The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector by dealing with the... more
The development of service sector is crucial in contributing to the GDP of any nation. The banking system plays a key role in the development of a country. The commercial banking system dominates the financial sector by dealing with the majority of financial transactions of a country. The existence of Islamic and conventional banks has contributed for the development of the economy. Commercial banks in Bahrain consist of interest-based conventional banks and interest-free Islamic banks (based on Islamic shariah). The performance of conventional and non-conventional banks is satisfactory in Bahrain. The present study focuses on the comparative analysis of financial performance of Islamic and conventional banks in terms of cost and income in Bahrain. The study uses financial tools like profitability, liquidity and solvency, commitment to economy and community, efficiency and productivity of both streams of banks.
Research Interests: Business, Islamic Banking, Performance Analysis, Trend Analysis, Ratio Analysis, and 8 morePerformance of ICT industry in Bangladesh, Banks Customer Protest Behaviour and Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Uganda, Financial Ratio Analysis, Financeial Performance, studies of perfomrance of banks in the GCC, Perfornmce analysis of banks in the middle east, studies on banks in Bahrain , and Conventional banks
Banking sector plays a leading role in financing a country's economic activities. Its performance is crucial in determining a country's economic growth. This paper examines the performance of commercial retail banks (conventional... more
Banking sector plays a leading role in financing a country's economic activities. Its performance is crucial in determining a country's economic growth. This paper examines the performance of commercial retail banks (conventional and Islamic) in Bahrain and financial ratios were used for the period of 15 years 2001-2015 on parameters such as profitability, liquidity, operating efficiency, capital adequacy and leverage. The empirical results revealed that conventional retail banks, except for Bahrain development bank, have consistent performance in return on assets and return on equity while among the Islamic retail banks, the performance of Kuwait finance house is satisfactory in terms of profitability. The data also shows that all banks have satisfactory risk assets ratio. The commercial banks' profitability and capital adequacy as well as their profitability and efficiency are statistically correlated. There is a significant difference in the capital adequacy but no si...
Research Interests:
Islamic banking, as an alternative to conventional banking system, is currently one of the most rapidly growing segments of the global financial market industry operating with more than 300 institutions spread over 75 countries.... more
Islamic banking, as an alternative to conventional banking system, is currently one of the most rapidly growing segments of the global financial market industry operating with more than 300 institutions spread over 75 countries. Undoubtedly, Islamic banks has cogent contribution towards the economic growth of any nation. This paper explores the analysis of the financial performance of retail and wholesale Islamic Banks operating in the Kingdom of Bahrain. For the empirical investigation, six retail and seven wholesale Islamic banks were selected for the study. Financial ratio analysis, standard deviation and correlation analyses were employed for the time period 2009-2013. The study found that there is a negative relationship among asset utilization ratio with staff cost to income ratio, operational efficiency ratio and cost to income ratio of retail Islamic Banks. Empirical results for wholesale Islamic banks revealed that there is a positive relationship among staff cost to income...
Research Interests:
The principles that support the practice of accounting have become more complex than before. Emerging modern theories involving financial and non-financial phenomena continue to impact on the accounting practices as more and more sectors... more
The principles that support the practice of accounting have become more complex than before. Emerging modern theories involving financial and non-financial phenomena continue to impact on the accounting practices as more and more sectors add up to an already exist list of stakeholders. The utilization of the various theories affecting the recording, reporting and control of financial information is, on the average, an objective way of supporting and presenting evidences of transactions subject to the verification and audit processes by interested stakeholders (Houck, 2003). However, the standardization and reconciliation of the various accounting standards as used and practiced by various countries with structural differences in basis for recording, reporting, control and audit of financial information is a great concern for the profession and must be the subject of harmonization at the soonest possible time (Peecher et al, 2006).
Research Interests:
The Capital Asset Pricing Model (henceforth, CAPM) is considered an extensively used technique to approximate asset pricing in the field of finance. The CAPM holds the power to explicate stock movements by means of its sole factor that is... more
The Capital Asset Pricing Model (henceforth, CAPM) is considered an extensively used technique to approximate asset pricing in the field of finance. The CAPM holds the power to explicate stock movements by means of its sole factor that is beta coefficient. This study focuses on the application of rolling regression and cross-sectional regression techniques on Indian BSE 30 stocks. The study examines the risk-return analysis by using this modern technique. The applicability of these techniques is being viewed in changing business environments. These techniques help to find the effect of selected variables on average stock returns. A rolling regression study rolls the data for changing the windows for every 3-month period for three years. The study modifies the model with and without intercept values. This has been applied to the monthly prices of 30 BSE stocks. The study period is from January 2009 to December 2018. The study revealed that beta is a good predictor for analyzing stock returns, but not the intercept values in the developed model. On the other hand, applying cross-section regression accepts the null hypothesis. α, β, β2 ≠ 0. Therefore, a researcher is faced with the task of finding the limitations of each methodology and bringing the best output in the model.
Research Interests: Finance, Econometrics, Accounting, Alternative Investments, Investments, and 8 moreCapital Asset Pricing Model, Multiple Linear Regression, Capm, Regression Model, Finance and investments, Linear Regression, Mult factor CAPM, and The Validity of Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) in Predicting the Return of Stocks in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2008-2010
COVID-19 has changed the way we live, communicate and work, as well as altering our feelings. The higher education sector, alongside other sectors, has been severely affected by the pandemic and its serious repercussions. Academic and... more
COVID-19 has changed the way we live, communicate and work, as well as altering our
feelings. The higher education sector, alongside other sectors, has been severely affected by the pandemic and its serious repercussions. Academic and teaching staff have had to work from home and convert to online teaching, a change which has been met with both negative and positive feelings. The need for new competencies and upskilling, among other challenges, has been encountered. Therefore, the objectives of this study are aligned with exploring the impact of three constructs—self efficacy,
positive feelings and negative feelings—on the performance of academic and teaching staff at public and private universities in Bahrain during the COVID-19 lock down. Additionally, the impact of self-efficacy on these feelings was explored. A cross-sectional quantitative survey instrument was developed, validated and distributed using 83 valid responses. A two-way approach was followed to evaluate the model using the partial least squares (PLS-SEM) and multi-layer perception-artificial
neural network (MLP-ANN) techniques. Tests support the validity, reliability and consistency of the measurement scale, as well as the validity of the postulated model. The results revealed a statistically significant relationship between the three constructs and performance. Interestingly, attention is drawn to the impact of self-efficacy on increasing positive feelings and task performance. The impact
of self-efficacy on reducing negative feelings is also evident. Analyses of PLS-SEM augmented by MLP-ANN enhanced our understanding of the relationships and gave more support to the use of dual approach analyses in future research. This research adds to COVID-19 global research and the findings increase the knowledge within the literature. The implications of the study’s outcomes should be given attention from higher education authorities and management to raise staff morale and offer training to help sustain performance and mental well being. Lasty, limitations and future
directions are discussed.
feelings. The higher education sector, alongside other sectors, has been severely affected by the pandemic and its serious repercussions. Academic and teaching staff have had to work from home and convert to online teaching, a change which has been met with both negative and positive feelings. The need for new competencies and upskilling, among other challenges, has been encountered. Therefore, the objectives of this study are aligned with exploring the impact of three constructs—self efficacy,
positive feelings and negative feelings—on the performance of academic and teaching staff at public and private universities in Bahrain during the COVID-19 lock down. Additionally, the impact of self-efficacy on these feelings was explored. A cross-sectional quantitative survey instrument was developed, validated and distributed using 83 valid responses. A two-way approach was followed to evaluate the model using the partial least squares (PLS-SEM) and multi-layer perception-artificial
neural network (MLP-ANN) techniques. Tests support the validity, reliability and consistency of the measurement scale, as well as the validity of the postulated model. The results revealed a statistically significant relationship between the three constructs and performance. Interestingly, attention is drawn to the impact of self-efficacy on increasing positive feelings and task performance. The impact
of self-efficacy on reducing negative feelings is also evident. Analyses of PLS-SEM augmented by MLP-ANN enhanced our understanding of the relationships and gave more support to the use of dual approach analyses in future research. This research adds to COVID-19 global research and the findings increase the knowledge within the literature. The implications of the study’s outcomes should be given attention from higher education authorities and management to raise staff morale and offer training to help sustain performance and mental well being. Lasty, limitations and future
directions are discussed.
Research Interests: Self-Efficacy, Artificial Neural Networks for modeling purposes, GIS and Artificial Neural Network tools application, Artificial Neural Networks, Student Self-Efficacy, and 13 moreTask-Based Performance, Forecasting with Artificial Neural Network, Teacher Self Efficacy, Artificial Intelligence & Neural Networking, Self Efficacy Theory, Academic Self Efficacy, Artificial Intelligence Procedures In Economics and Finance (Neural Networks, Narrative Task Performance, Task Performance and Analysis, Artificial Neural Network, Computer Science Data Mining Artificial Intelligence Artificial Neural Network Algorithms, Career-oriented teaching, performance task, integrated science process skills, and COVID-19 PANDEMIC
This article examines the cross-hedging performance of crude futures against the tyre equity futures to hedge the tyre equity stocks. Three multivariate conditional volatility models, namely constant conditional correlation (CCC), dynamic... more
This article examines the cross-hedging performance of crude futures against the tyre equity futures to hedge the tyre equity stocks. Three multivariate conditional volatility models, namely constant conditional correlation (CCC), dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) and diagonal BEKK are applied. Using the conditional covariance and variance from the MGARCH estimates, the optimal hedge ratios (OHRs) are computed. The results of this study show that the volatility spillover exists between the returns of crude oil futures and tyre equity. However, for tyre equities, the best cross hedge is tyre equity futures rather than crude futures. All the MGARCH estimates show better hedging possibility with tyre equity futures, particularly MRF futures.
Research Interests:
The uprising of the pandemic COVID-19 has paralysed the whole Indian economy, and as a result the Indian stock market is severely affected too. The widely inclusive lockdown articulated on 24 th March 2020 by the Prime Minister as a... more
The uprising of the pandemic COVID-19 has paralysed the whole Indian economy, and as a result the Indian stock market is severely affected too. The widely inclusive lockdown articulated on 24 th March 2020 by the Prime Minister as a careful step against COVID-19, trailed by ensuing augmentations, has brought about a halt of all financial movement in the country. The objective of the study is to frame different asymmetric price volatility models for Selected Companies under Energy Sector using 1-min closing price from 15 th October 2019 to 15 th May 2020 to captivate the leverage effect of the pandemic. The asymmetric terms in the selected asymmetric models are providing sufficient proof that the stock price volatility of three companies out of six under NIFTY Energy i.e., BPCL, Power grid and Indian Oil Corporation are unfavourably influenced by the pandemic. The forecasting graphs for volatility of four companies have been plotted, reveals that there is consistency in the stock price returns of all these four companies but the graph of predicted variance of Indian Oil Corporation reveals that the volatility has been fluctuating drastically with many high peak variances or fluctuations during the 2 days of forecasted period.
Research Interests:
This article examines the cross-hedging performance of crude futures against the tyre equity futures to hedge the tyre equity stocks. Three multivariate conditional volatility models, namely constant conditional correlation (CCC), dynamic... more
This article examines the cross-hedging performance of crude futures against the tyre equity futures to hedge the tyre equity stocks. Three multivariate conditional volatility models, namely constant conditional correlation (CCC), dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) and diagonal BEKK are applied. Using the conditional covariance and variance from the MGARCH estimates, the optimal hedge ratios (OHRs) are computed. The results of this study show that the volatility spillover exists between the returns of crude oil futures and tyre equity. However, for tyre equities, the best cross hedge is tyre equity futures rather than crude futures. All the MGARCH estimates show better hedging possibility with tyre equity futures, particularly MRF futures.
Research Interests:
The purpose of this paper is to predict the financial distress of companies in the Indian textile sector using the Altman Z score. The analysis was conducted on 161 listed textile companies in India for a period of 10 years from 2009 to... more
The purpose of this paper is to predict the financial distress of companies in the Indian textile sector using the Altman Z score. The analysis was conducted on 161 listed textile companies in India for a period of 10 years from 2009 to 2018. All the listed companies are categorized into large, medium, and small using the median split method based on the size of total assets. Kruskal Wallis test is applied to test whether the mean z-score is different for each category of companies. This research study shows that majority of the companies in the Indian textile sector are facing financial distress. Further, it shows that the z score of the small, medium, and large-scale textile companies in India is significantly different.
Research Interests:
The trading of natural rubber derivatives in the Indian commodity exchanges was banned several times in the past. Hence, in India, the derivatives on natural rubber are not traded actively and regularly. We have examined the possibility... more
The trading of natural rubber derivatives in the Indian commodity exchanges was banned several times in the past. Hence, in India, the derivatives on natural rubber are not traded actively and regularly. We have examined the possibility of a forecast model and across hedge tool for the natural rubber price by using crude oil futures in India. Results of the Johansen cointegration test proved that there is no cointegration equation in the model; hence, there is no scope to develop long-run models or error, correction models. We have developed a vector autoregressive [VAR(2)] model to forecast the rubber price, and we examined the possibility of a cross hedge for natural rubber further by using the Pearson correlation coefficient and Granger causality test. We have extended our research to a structural VAR analysis to examine the effect of crude futures and exchange rate shocks on the natural rubber price. Our results showed that there is a short-term relationship between the crude oil futures price, the exchange rates of the US dollar to the Indian rupee, the Malaysian ringgit to the Indian rupee, and the Thai baht to the Indian rupee; and the natural rubber price in India. The effort of policymakers to cause the Indian rupee to appreciate against the Thai baht and Malaysian ringgit may increase the natural rubber price in India. Natural rubber traders, growers, and consumers can use crude futures to hedge the price risk. The Indian Rubber Board can suggest the VAR(2) model predict the short-run price of natural rubber.
Research Interests: Commodity Trading, Natural rubber, Cointegration, Exchange Rates, Price and Production Risk, and 9 moreCommodity broker, Commodity brokers, futures broker, Natural Rubber Statistics, Price Risk Management, Crude Oil Futures, Commodity futures, Vector Autoregressive (VAR) Model, Commodity Futures Exchange, Agricultural Commodity Futures Contract, and Commodity Derivatives, Futures Trading, Commodity Exchanges, Whether, Interest Rate
Artificial Intelligence has been under-researched. Machines with deep learning abilities can take digital marketing to new heights with their Artificial Intelligence making all the difference. This research aims to identify the outcomes... more
Artificial Intelligence has been under-researched. Machines with deep learning abilities can take digital marketing to new heights with their Artificial Intelligence making all the difference. This research aims to identify the outcomes from the study of Indian customers' responses across varying demographics to machines and their abilities to sell, which will well be the future of digital marketing. We find that software developers need to build the architecture in a partnership with digital marketers who use machines with deep learning by taking the attitude of the customers, behavior, and choices into consideration. This will unlock huge benefits to the companies as accurate information about customers will be easily available to marketers in the future. How the machines are going to perform under various conditions are explained using a causal model using regression models. SPSS version 24 and R software were used for analyzing the data and data regarding the customer's behaviors, their choices and emotions are collected and based on fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) approach how they can be influenced to use the services of the machine, fsQCA is used to compare case-oriented and variable oriented quantitative analysis.
Research Interests:
After the scrapping of Capital Issues (Control) Act, 1947 putting an end to the regime of Controller of Capital Issue (CCI) and allowing free pricing of public issues, capital market in India witnessed IPO activities from different... more
After the scrapping of Capital Issues (Control) Act, 1947 putting an end to the regime of Controller of Capital Issue (CCI) and allowing free pricing of public issues, capital market in India witnessed IPO activities from different sectors of the economy which was hitherto restricted by the CCI. The present paper tries to study two of the widely researched IPO anomalies in India during the free-pricing era: initial underpricing and long run underperformance. Consistent with the extant work, we find that IPOs in India belonging to the period 1992-2011 are also significantly underpriced. However, contrary to most of the international findings, the long run performance of these IPOs is also found to be positive and significant.
Research Interests:
Financial sector reforms set in motion in India in 1991 have greatly changed the face of Indian banking industry. The banking industry has moved gradually from a regulated environment to a deregulated market economy. Therefore, quality of... more
Financial sector reforms set in motion in India in 1991 have greatly changed the face of Indian banking industry. The banking industry has moved gradually from a regulated environment to a deregulated market economy. Therefore, quality of the services provided by the banks becomes very important. In this study for data collection, the SERVQUAL instrument developed by Parsuraman, Zenithal and Berry (1988) has been used. Structured questionnaires were used for consumers and unstructured questionnaires for industry experts. The researcher selected100 samples (50 each from conventional and interactive banks).The researcher used judgmental and convenience sampling technique. Factor analysis has been done on the various factors asked in the questionnaire. There were a set of 22 questions for which the importance level on a scale of 1-7 amongst all banks and the performance level their own bank (on a scale of 1-7) had been asked. The results of the study reveal that among the factors affecting selection of the banks, people give top most priority to reliability. In case of interactive banks, human element came at the second position, responsiveness at the third position, accessibility at the fourth position, and tangibility in the fifth position respectively. Reliability is the most important factor, which customers give importance while deciding the bank whose facilities they should be avail. The next most important factor is accessibility to the bank, followed by human element at the third position; systemization and responsiveness are at the fourth and fifth positions respectively.
Research Interests:
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to look into the Shar¯ı‘ah resolution framework in Islamic finance and see how it may be improved. This paper is based on a detailed examination of previous research into the need for a worldwide... more
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to look into the Shar¯ı‘ah resolution framework in Islamic finance and see how it may be improved. This paper is based on a detailed examination of previous research into the need for a worldwide Shar¯ı‘ah Resolution mechanism to be applied across all IFIs.
Methodology: A detailed analysis of past studies on the necessity of a
Shar¯ı‘ah Resolution framework to be implemented globally by all IFIs
was used to develop the qualitative method.
Findings: Measuring the level of fatwá disclosure by specific Islamic
banks through central banks Shar¯ı‘ah judgements will add to the existing literature while also filling a gap.
Significance: This study is noteworthy because it lays the framework for
future researchers on the topic. Using a central bank to assess the extent to which certain Islamic banks have disclosed fatwá.
Limitations: These articles’ implications may aid in the explanation
of Shar¯ı‘ah-related concerns in Islamic finance. Shar¯ı‘ah resolution in
Islamic finance will be a significant Shar¯ı‘ah resource for new products
supplied by Islamic financial institutions, as well as any existing goods
given to new clients and industry practitioners.
Implications: The fatwá is the legal response to the present diculties
that have arisen in the community. fatwá are used to disseminate knowledge to Muslims in order to alleviate their diculties and misconceptions. Any fatwá-related knowledge will have an impact on individuals, societies, and organizations . As a result, this paper examined the role of fatwás in sharing information and determining how far fatwás can educate society in resolving problems.
Methodology: A detailed analysis of past studies on the necessity of a
Shar¯ı‘ah Resolution framework to be implemented globally by all IFIs
was used to develop the qualitative method.
Findings: Measuring the level of fatwá disclosure by specific Islamic
banks through central banks Shar¯ı‘ah judgements will add to the existing literature while also filling a gap.
Significance: This study is noteworthy because it lays the framework for
future researchers on the topic. Using a central bank to assess the extent to which certain Islamic banks have disclosed fatwá.
Limitations: These articles’ implications may aid in the explanation
of Shar¯ı‘ah-related concerns in Islamic finance. Shar¯ı‘ah resolution in
Islamic finance will be a significant Shar¯ı‘ah resource for new products
supplied by Islamic financial institutions, as well as any existing goods
given to new clients and industry practitioners.
Implications: The fatwá is the legal response to the present diculties
that have arisen in the community. fatwá are used to disseminate knowledge to Muslims in order to alleviate their diculties and misconceptions. Any fatwá-related knowledge will have an impact on individuals, societies, and organizations . As a result, this paper examined the role of fatwás in sharing information and determining how far fatwás can educate society in resolving problems.
Research Interests: Islamic Finance, Islamic Economics and Finance, Islamic Banking And Finance, Shariah, Shariah Issues in Islamic Finance, and 5 moreislamic accounting, zakat, Shariah audit, islamic banking and finance, Shariah issues in Islamic Finance and capital market, Shariah Banking, Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting in Islamic Institutions, and Islamic Banking and Financial system
The significance of Institutional Effectiveness is pivotal to the functioning of an academic institution. The mushrooming of private institutions in the Indian higher education space necessitates exploring its antecedents to ensure... more
The significance of Institutional Effectiveness is pivotal to the functioning of an academic institution. The mushrooming of private institutions in the Indian higher education space necessitates exploring its antecedents to ensure quality higher education is imparted by the institution. The purpose of this research endeavor is to explore the impact of Academic Leadership on Institutional Effectiveness with a mediating role of Campus Culture and Faculty Involvement in Decision Making. The study employed a cross-sectional research design and implemented a purposive sampling technique to collet primary data from 80 permanent faculties and 249 students of private engineering colleges located in the Karnataka state of India. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling. Hypothesis shows academic leadership and campus culture has high influence on institutional effectiveness. Faculty in decision making and campus culture partially mediates between academic leadership and institutional effectiveness. The results of FIMIX-PLS and PLS-MGA analysis shows the similarity in the results of total effect and path relationships. This paper provides theoretical foundations and empirical findings on conceptualizing the antecedents of institutional effectiveness. The outcomes of this research serve as significant input to policy makers and higher education institutions to facilitate enhancement of institutional effectiveness.