Mehmet Tutuncu

“AN OTTOMAN CITY IN THE NORTH: IZMAEL (1739-1768)”
Abstract
Izmael and its vicinity came under the rule of Ottoman’s in the reign of Bayezid II. Izmael came into the scene of history as a small village and given as a gift  (mulk)  to the Agha of Darussade Mehmed in the year of 1589. Mehmed Agha shortly before his death transformed Izmael into a pious foundation. With this status special privileges granted, and a new city was born. The city lived serious economic growth and became one of the important Ottoman settlements in the Eastern Europe where Muslims, Christians and Jews resided. In the 18th century 3000 jizya tax-paying
non-muslim were ling in the Izmael. Mulim populatin composed of Lazes, Chytaks, Turkomans and Tatars. In the countryside of Izmael density of Tatar population attracted attention from the beginning. In paralel with the migration of Tatars from the beginning of 16th century agricultural production substantially increased both in Izmael and Budjak. As natural consequence of this Izmael played important role in the subsistence of İstanbul as a port and production site. Apart from agriculture, animal husbandry, candle manufacturing, fishing and slave trade played  important role in the economic life of the city. Because of its vakf status Izmael has differentiated from the other Ottoman districts. While the city is governed by a trustee’s assigned by the Darüssade Aghas with the kadi the Tatar population that lived in the countryside were governed by the representatives of the Crimean Khan called yalı agası or the serasker of Budjak. Main problems encountered in the social of Izmael were credit and debt problems, inheritance, wardship, murder, robbery and the oppressions of corrupted administers. The article is important addition to our book published in Odessa 2020 about Ottoman and other documnents,  Tütüncü Mehmed and Andrew Krasnozhon,
Місто Ізмаїл та його фортифікація
/ The Ismail City and Its Fortification (in the sources of 16th–19th centuries) (Odesa,2020)

Türk devletleri birliği bağlamında hafıza ve kültürel mirasın korunması
Memory and the preservation of cultural heritage in the context of the unity of Turkish states.

Date Tarih 24 November 2023
Place Yer Haarlem  Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen
Hours Saat 19.00-22.00
Azərbaycan Milli Elmlər Akademiyası Fəlsəfə və Sosiologiya İnstitutu ve

Research Centre for Turkistan and Azerbaijan (Turkistan ve Azerbaycan Arastırma Merkezi)

ortak işbirliğinde;

ART MARKETING STRATEGIES IN MEDIA AND AN AUCTION EXPERIENCE
ABSTRACT
This study aims to open up some problematic issues about the representation and visibility of art in the media
through an auction. Through the phenomenon that is the subject of the study, the way in which the auction and
sales process of a rare depiction is handled in the media, how the media is used as a marketing tool for the artwork,
and a critical interpretation of the overlooked and missed elements in the whole process will be tried to be put
forward. The year 2021 was officially declared the "Year of Haji Bektash Veli" by UNESCO. A miniature work, recorded
in 2021 as the first painting depicting Hacı Bektaş, was recently sold at an auction in the Netherlands (June 8,
2021). The miniature, made by Üsküdarlı Ahmet in 1651, depicts Haji Bektash and his student Sarı Saltuk riding
on a dragon. The story, which is the subject of the description, requires a series of analyzes whose meaning can be
found in mythology and folk legends.
Since the research covers a current issue with artistic foundations, the referenced sources vary, boundaries can be
unclear. For this reason, document analysis, one of the data collection techniques, which is a qualitative research
method, was used to collect data in the research. In addition, since the work that is the subject of the study is a
miniature work, the visual work has been tried to be analyzed in terms of semiotics.
The process of transforming works of art into commercial commodities through auctions is not a new development.
As a natural consequence of the phenomenon of globalization, art has been turned into a valuable financial
instrument today. What is new here is the current role the media plays in the marketing of art in all its forms. The
artwork and the auction process, which are the subject of our review, give clues to all these new relationships. In
the research, besides analyzing the visual spaces of the first painting depicting Haji Bektash; how the work is
presented to the art market will be examined in the context of the culture industry (critical theory). The relationship
of a work produced within the tradition of a belief institution (Bektashism) with the art market and consumption
culture, the promotion and sales strategies carried out during the auction process will be discussed and examined.
Keywords: Art, Media, Auction, Miniature, Haji Bektash.

OTTOMAN INSCRIPTIONS FROM VIDIN
Summary
The article examines Ottoman inscriptions,
which are kept in the Regional History Museum - Vidin,
Bulgaria. The inscriptions are from buildings that
have not survived to this day. The inscriptions belong to
mosques, fountains and a sultan's tugrah.

Abstract
Tombstones and Inscriptions contain historical and archaeological
authentic and very important data. The information they hold for the
past is sometimes very ımportant. In addition, they shed light on the
personalities and events unknown to archives and written sources.
There were no material assets other than a few historical records
regarding the tangible existence of the Turkmens who were settled
in the Palestinian territory during the Seljuks and Mamluks. But there
are some tombstones and a few inscriptions. These inscriptions in
Gaza and Jerusalem give us information about the Turkmen tribes
coming from the Euphrates basin and their leading leaders and
tamgas.
In this paper, the texts and pictures of these tombstones and
inscriptions will be presented in the symposium and the analysis and
comments about the Turkmens settled in Palestine will be included.
Keywords: Palestine, Turkmesn, Seljuq tomstones, Inscriptions

Mehmet Tütüncü
Bir Osmanlı Vatandaşının 1793 yılında Avrupa’ya Seyahat Günlüğü
Travel Diary of an Ottoman Citizen to Europe in 1793

1793'de İstanbul'da Hollanda büyükelçisi tercümanı Osmanlı VatandAşlı Gaspard Testa Hollandaya bir seyahate çıkar.  Seyahatte  9 kişi vardır.
Hollanda büyükelçisi Frederık Van Dedem , eşi, oğlu, tercümanı, kocası Anabaptist bir dul olan Marıa Wıjnands, Hiyeroglifleri ilk kez çözen bilim adamı,
bir Tüccar, bir profesör ve başka bir bilinmeyen kişi bir posta arabasıyla 3 ay boyunca İstanbul2dan Hollanda'ya birlikte seyahat ederler.
Frederik Van Dedem dokuz kişilik bu grupla birlikte kozmopolit bir şehir olan Konstantinopolis'ten Hollanda'ya doğru yola çıkar. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun başkentinde sekiz yıllık Hollanda büyükelçisiydi. 3 ay süren  kara yolculuğu oldukça  zahmetlidir. At arabaları  komforlu değil, atlar zayıf,  pek çok tehlike pusuda bekliyor: şiddetli yağmur, kötü yollar, zorlu dağ geçitleri, soyguncular, haşarat, kazalar ve hatta veba onların yıolunde engel tekil ediyor. Hollandadaki küçük bir köy olan Wijhe'de  çıktıkları yolda Balkanlar, Avusturya ve Almanya'yı geçerler.
O zamanlar sadece 23 yaşında olan Gaspard Testa, Şstanbul’daki  büyükelçiliğin tercümanı ve sekreteridşr. Van Dedemin isteği üzerine bir günlük tutar. Güzel harflerle Fransızca yazılan günlükte ve yol boyunca rotayı, mesafeleri, manzaraları, nüfusu, yiyecekleri ve olayları anlatıyor. Osmanlı balkanları ve kırsalı izlenimlerini. Avusturya ve Almanya'daki Fransız Devriminın hırpalanmış bölgelerden geçer. Belgrad, Budapeşte, Viyana, Regensburg, Frankfurt ve Köln'ü ziyaret eder. Genç Gaspard Osmanlı gözlüğüyle  Avrupa’yı temaşa eder. Grubumuz, Avusturya'nın (Kutsal Roma İmparatorluğu) Başkenti Viyana'da 17 gün kalır.
Viyana gezi rehberi
Gaspard ve büyükelçinin liderliğindeki grup, Viyana'da on yedi gün geçirir. Gaspard, akrabalarını ziyaret etme ve aynı zamanda Viyana'daki tüm turistik yerleri görme fırsatını kullanır. Belvedere, Schönbrun ve Lihtenştayn gibi tüm büyük sarayları, ayrıca Mıllı Kütüphaneyi, tiyatroları ve anıtları (Veba sütunu, Maria sütunu gibi), parklar ve kiliselerı ziyaret eder. Açıklamaları çok doğru, özel ve ayrıntılıdır. Modern bir gezgin için daha az dikkat çeken, Viyana'daki Askeri Hastane ve Doğu Akademisi gibi kurumları inceler. Ayrıca  Viyana'daki bir porselen fabrikası gibi fabrikaları gezer. Viyana gezi rehberi niteliğindedir ve ilk gezi rehberlerinden biri olarak kabul edilebilir.
Orijinal seyahat günlükleri Lahey'deki Ulusal Arşivlerındedir  ve  sayısız ayrıntı nedeniyle, on sekizinci yüzyılın sonunda bir Osmanlı vatandaşınıun gözüyle Avrupaya ve Türkiyeyeyi karşılaştırma imkanı sunmaktadır.

11. OTURUM - 2. SALON / SESSION 11 - HALL 2
Osmanlı Seyyahları ve Batı Dünyası
Ottoman Travelers and the Western World
14:00-15:20 Oturum Başkanı / Chair - M. Sait Türkhan

Tütüncü, Mehmet. “Hala Sultan Tekkesinde Bulunan Hicri 29/Miladi 650 Tarihli Kitabe ve Çağdaş İki Bizans Kitabesi Üzerine Mulahazalar” [Considerations on
the Inscription Dated 29 Hijri/AD 650 and Two Modern Byzantine Inscriptions
Still in the Hala Sultan Tekke]. In Toplu Makaleler 2 / Collected Studies 2, 22–35.
Haarlem: Sota Publications, 2017.

Centeneray of Lausanne Treaty, whcih is the founding document of Turkish Republic. Complete text and maps of Lausanne Treaty signed by all  the parties involved.  (Copy from Lausanne Municipality Archives)

Turkciye Cumhruieyteinin Kurucu belgelerinden olan Lozan natlasmasinin imzalanmis  Fransizca tam metni (Haritalarla birlikte)

Safevi (İran) Şahı’nın Osmanlı Padişahı’na dostluk hediyesi olan, 350 yıl korunduğu
Topkapı Sarayı’ndan çalınarak parçalanan sayfaları Avrupa mezatlarında satılan Türk İslam
sanatının paha biçilemez eseri Şehname’nin hazin hikayesini KARAR’a anlatan tarihçi Dr.
Mehmet Tütüncü: “Satıldığına dair bir belge bulunmayan eserin bir sayfası 100 milyonlara
satılıyor, toplam değeri 50 milyar lira. İslam sanatlarında bir benzeri yok. 5-10 bin liralık
eserleri geri getirmek başarı değil, Türkiye Şehname’nin peşine neden düşmüyor?”

In 1916 the most difficult year of the Otoman Empire, second year  of 1st World War  when there was a great famine and disasters in all the fronts and the lands ottoman empire In the same year.

İn these year the Netherlands was stuck by a great disaster of waterflood.  Great Parts of the country was flooded after a storm.  Some tens of people were drowned but Netherlands was in Great need.

When in Istanbul these news arrived theTurkish government  decided to help the People of Netherlands. They give via  the ambassador in The Hague to Nusret Sadullah bey to donate Money for  he needs of Dutch People. The Document of this act of benevolence is in the National Archives.  Its a small amount but it the gesture of Solidarity with the Dutch.

So in the most difficult days of the Ottoman empire the Turks did not forget The Netherlands who was overcome a relatively light disaster.

Now  Turkey.ın Great problems and disasters with the earythquacke Dutch people should remember this aid.

Turkology.192022.ID0088
Mehmet Tütüncü 
Büyük Tuna Zenciri Muamması 4-11
The Great Danube Chain Mystery



Büyük Tuna Zenciri Muamması

Mehmet Tütüncü

Abstract
The idea of closing the waterways with chaimn was a method used since the Middle Ages as a defensive measure in the military defense. It is known that for the first time in Turkish history, this came to the fore with the Sultan Mehmet the Conqueror, who changed  the game of Byzantium, who closed the Golden Horn to ships with a chain and transported the ships by Land. Some parts of this chain are still kept in various museums in Turkey.
In addition to this, another big iron chain, which is surrounded by many mysteries on the  Danube river and is exhibited in the military museum in Vienna today.
Since it did not fit in one piece in the two buildings the military museum in Vienna, where it is exhibited, and it was extended in 4 arms and laid on the ground, and it is a work of magnificent ironwork. This chain, which does not attract much attention, sheds light on an unknown aspect of Turkish history.
In the short examination we made in the museum, it was determined that the chains were made of wrought iron. In this respect, under suitable conditions, it does not undergo corrosion for many years. The patina layer formed as a result of the oxidation of iron forms a black protective layer between the iron and the atmosphere. In this article the reamsrkable history of the Grat Danube chain and its mysteries will be revealed.

With this article, it has been tried to determine what will enable a tombstone to be handled within Bektashism.
In Turkey, some highly qualified assessments have been made about the tombstones in the graves of important
Bektashi lodges in the Balkans. The fact that there were differences in method among them and the examination
of the examples in a dervish lodge led to the inability to reach an inclusive conclusion. With this article, a general
evaluation has been made for the first time according to a single method based on all the examples in the publications
and theses. For the first time, general results based on the form such as the body, the headgear, the teslim stone and
the expressions related to Bektashism in the inscriptions have been tried to be put forward. Bektashism-Alevism
and Janissary quarry relations are so intertwined that they cannot be easily separated in any case. There are many
difficulties in separating Alevi and Janissary tombstones as well as for Bektashis. For this reason, we did not include
the Alevi and Janissary tombstones in the scope of the subject. We identified 488 specimens (432 heads, 56 feet)
that were shown as Bektashism with their inscriptions from the 48,870 tombstones that we entered in our data log,
and visual elements such as headgear and teslim stone. Although they are buried in Bektashi lodges - tombs, we
have excluded the tombstones without these elements. This data also gave the result that the tombstones in Bektashi
burials had the same characteristics as the general ones in Turkey. For example, all of those in Merdivenköy Kırklar
Graveyard and seventy percent of those in Rumelihisarı Lodge do not have Bektashi ties. On the other hand, 60
(49 heads, 11 feet) excluding Bektashi burials which are given at the and of list, which do not have a sect name and
have expressions that we find only on the tombstones of the Bektashis such as Ahl al-Bayt, Karbala, as well as the
Khalwatī, Mawlawī, Naqshibandī, Saʿdī, Sünbülī sect tombstones. Since our examples are from the years 1604 to
1945, our date limit was the 17th to 20th centuries. We have handled our examples in two main clusters, according
to the lodge order, as dervish and father dervish officers, and dervish lodge followers, consisting of soldiers, civil
servants, shopkeepers and their relatives, apart from the lodge. Apart from the 432 head stone fractures, 234 (54%)
were made for officials, 195 (45%) were made for the relatives, dependents and relatives of the officials. When we
consider Bektashism as certain, we have identified 18 title types in 3 main clusters: 24 body types, 2-sliced elifi,
4-sliced edhemi and 12-sliced huseyni. The titles are as high as 72.5%. The rate of expression patterns such as hu, hu
dost (friend), ya hu is 40.1%, but these patterns are also seen in other sects such as the Mawlawī.

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door oorlog geteisterterde Europa.
GESCHREVEN MET OOSTERSE OGEN DOOR GASPARD TESTA
TOLK VAN NEDERLANDSE AMBASSDE IN ISTANBUl (CONSTANTINOPEL)
Het is 1793. Frederik Van Dedem vertrekt met een groep van negen personen
uit de wereldstad Constantinopel richting Nederland. Hij was acht
jaar Nederlandse ambassadeur in de hoofdstad van het machtige Ottomaanse
rijk. De reis over land duurt maanden en is zwaar. De koetsen
zijn oncomfortabel, de paarden te zwak. Vele gevaren liggen op de loer:
slagregens, slechte wegen, moeilijk begaanbare bergpassen, rovers, ongedierte,
ongelukken en zelfs de pest. Ze doorkruisen de Balkan, Oostenrijk,
Duitsland om tenslotte bij Wijhe (in Overijssel) te eindigen.
Gaspard Testa, op dat moment slechts 23 jaar oud, tolk en secretaris van
de ambassade in Constantinopel reist mee en noteert dagelijks de gebeurtenissen
in een dagboek. Hij schrijft in het Frans met prachtige gecalligrafeerde
letters en vertelt over de route, de afstanden, de landschappen, de
bevolking, het eten en de gebeurtenissen onderweg. We krijgen een indruk
van het Ottomaanse platteland. We passeren door de Franse revolutie gehavende
gebieden in Oostenrijk en Duitsland. We bezoeken Belgrado,
Budapest, Wenen, Regensburg, Frankfurt en Keulen. De jonge Gaspard
kijkt zijn ogen uit. En wij kijken met hem mee. De meer dan tweehonderd
jaar oude teksten dwingen zich aan ons op als een spannende film.
De originele reisdagboeken bevinden zich in het Nationaal Archief in Den
Haag en worden hier voor het eerst in het Nederlands gepubliceerd. De
goed leesbare tekst is voorzien van prachtige oude illustraties, kaarten en
toelichtingen en recente fotos die speciaal voor deze publicatie gemaakt
zijn.

Turkic inscription of Ilterish Kagan found in Mongolia

The inscription has been found in the joint scientific archaeological expedition of the International Turkic Academy and the Mongolian Archaeological Institute in the Nomgon Valley.

Turkic inscriptions with runic letters are the oldest known written Turkic works.  A monument complex and a new inscription of Ilterish Kutlug Kagan has been found at Hangai Jote in Mongolia’s Otuken region — an important discovery in the field of Turkology.
Ilteris Kutlug Kagan is the founder of the Eastern Gokturk Khanate in 682.

TURKMEN GRAVESTONES AND INSCRIPTIONS IN PALESTINE
Abstract
Tombstones and Inscriptions contain historical and archaeological
authentic and very important data. The information they hold for the
past is sometimes very ımportant. In addition, they shed light on the
personalities and events unknown to archives and written sources.
There were no material assets other than a few historical records
regarding the tangible existence of the Turkmens who were settled
in the Palestinian territory during the Seljuks and Mamluks. But there
are some tombstones and a few inscriptions. These inscriptions in
Gaza and Jerusalem give us information about the Turkmen tribes coming from the Euphrates basin and their leading leaders and
tamgas.
In this paper, the texts and pictures of these tombstones and
inscriptions will be presented in the symposium and the analysis and
comments about the Turkmens settled in Palestine will be included.
Keywords: Palestine, Turkmesn, Seljuq tomstones, Inscriptions

Risalei Mergube
ALEVİLİK-BEKTAŞİLİK'TE İKRAR TÖRENİ (Cem Ayini)
Yazar/Author: Muhammed Seyfeddin ibn Zülfikârî Derviş Ali
Edited by / Yayına hazırlayan: Mehmet Tütüncü
Almanya Berlin Devlet Kütüphanesi'nde (Staatsbibliothek Preussischer
Kulturbesitz) bulunan yazmaya göre (kayıt numarası Or.
1982.8365)
ISBN 978-90-6921-043-8
CORPUS OF TURKISH ISLAMIC INSCRIPTIONS nr. 42
TÜRK İSLAM KİTABELERİ DİZİSI no: 42
[DESCRIPTION OF INTRODUCTION CEREMONY IN
ALEVI-BEKTAŞHISM: RISALE-I MERGUBE]
[According to manuscript Or. 1982.8365 in Staatsbibliothek Preussischer
Kulturbesitz in Berlin]

Abstract
The Protestant movement, which changed Europe definitively from Mediaeval Europe to Modern Europe, has been accepted
after a very violent struggle of more than one hundred years, starting in 1517, when Martin Luther, professor of moral
theology at the University of Wittenberg and town preacher, wrote the Ninety-Five Theses against the contemporary practices
of the Church with respect to indulgences, etc. The Roman CatholicChurch, practically the only Christian church in
Western Europe, reacted very violently. The Dutch who massly converted to Protestantism although Calvinist variant were
harshly suppressed by Catholic Lords from Spain. Violent Dutch independence War that lasted from 1568 until 1648and the Thirty Years’ War 1618–1648. Protestantism as a European religion was accepted at the end with peace in
Westphalia in 1648 when the new European order of states were formed and Protestantism was legalized and accepted by
teh Catholic States and Church. As such, the Westphalia Peace Treaty was considered the first international legal document
that accepted Protestantism. There is another neglected international document, however, composed thirty-six years earlier
than the Westphalia agreement (1612) that for the first time recognized Protestantism (under the name of Lutheranism).
In this document of Turkish Sultan Ahmed I the members of the new form of Christianity were put under the protection
of Turkish Sultan. This document as such is the earliest document that recognizes Protestantism and is the subject of this
article.
1. Dutch Uprising

Doucments on Swiss Epigraphist and Researcher Max van Berchem

MAX VAN BERCHEM PASSPORT (1895) AND DOCUMENTS
Max van Berchem’s travel passport from 1895 is preserved in Max van Berchem foundation archives in Geneva. Some of Max van Berchem’s documents concerning his travel to Jerusalem are preserved
in Ottoman Archives in Istanbul. Hereunder a selection of this documents in original and with transcription transcribed and commented by Mehmet Tütüncü. with a short Biography by Moshe Sharon.

Andrey Krasnozhon History of Izmail City and Fortress Sayfa / Page: 6-10 Andrey Krasnozhon Historical Map of Izmail (reconstruction based on historical maps) Sayfa / Page: 12-17 Mehmet Emin Yılmaz İsmail Geçidi’nde Habeşî Mehmed Ağa Câmii Restütüsyon Denemesi Sayfa / Page: 18-37 Okay Sütçüoğlu Rusya Devlet Arşivinden 1795 Tarihli İsmail Şehri Haritasına Göre; Tuna Nehri’nde Bazı Osmanlı Dönemi Gemilerinin Analizi Sayfa / Page: 38-66 Berat Açıl Habeşî Mehmed Ağa’nın (ö. 1590) Vakfettiği Kitaplar ve Akıbetleri Sayfa 67-88- Hülya Yarar Çakıroğlu Ismail Kalesi Kuşatması (Osmanlıca metnin transkripsiyonu) Sayfa 84-89 IN THIS ISSUE OF IJOT The 6th edition of the International Journal of Turkology is dedicated to an unknown and forgotten city on the Ottoman borderland. The city of Ismail – or in Ukrainian Izmail – on the northern Kilia branch of Danube River, some 70 kilometers away from the Black sea, is now a sleeping city with no crossing, no bridge and not customs authority, even though its located a few hundred meters away from the border to Romania, which is on the other side of the Danube. Ismail was once a thrilling city, with a multi-ethnic community. The city was established in 1589 by an Ottoman Black Eunuch, Chief of Sultans harem, Abyssinian Mehmed Agha, who dedicated the incomes form the city to the Holy cities of Mecca, Medina, and Jerusalem. Ismail was important because it was located on a famous crossing point of Danube. Before the Ottomans, it was yearly visited and looted by brigands. The Ottoman Sultan Murad III decided to establish a fortress and a city, and the order was given to Habeshi Mehmed Agha, who with great efforts mobilized a whole set of Ottoman government bodies to found the city within a few years. In that year, all the infrastructure for a prosperous city was implemented. A fortress, a Khan, a Mosque, a customs authority, a shipyard, etc. were established. Ismail became a prosperous city for the coming 200 years. Located at a crossing point, the city was attacked by Russian troops in the 17th and 18th century Ottoman- Russian wars. In 1790, under the famous attack by general Suvorov, the city was burned and the civil population was excarnated by Russian Troops. The city never recovered from this attack, and in 1856 – with the treaty of Paris – the fortress was demolished, and the Ottoman local Muslim population left. The Russians established a new city near the old city. This new local population never showed any interest in the old city, and so the city fell into amnesia. In 2019, the editors of this volume Mehmet Tütüncü and Andrey Krasnozhon has published a book (see back cover of this journal for further information) that clarifies and discloses the documentation on the city’s 200 years existence from 1590 until 1790. The book, published in the Ukraine and Turkish language, was received very well. The articles in this Journal is a follow up on our monography on Ismail. In this volume, we have included some new research about Ismail. The first article is from Andrey Krasnozhon, who gives an introduction into Ismail’s short but interesting city life, from its establishment to its destruction. The second article by Mehmet Emin Yılmaz is about the only remnant of Ottoman Ismail. It is the Habeshi Mehmed Agha Mosque which is very beautiful and picturesque and the oldest of the region. This mosque, with its cupola, is a gem of Ottoman architecture. For a long time it was used as a church, and nowadays it is used as a DIORAMA panorama museum of attack of Ismail. Mehmet Emin Yilmaz an architect from Ankara with years-long experience, has done an attempt to research the original mosque and its features. The third article is about the Danube and its ships. During our research, we found a map in Russian archives which also enclosed a map of the city, which is published in our monography last year. But this map has also very interesting drawings of boats, ships, and carriers in the Danube river. Dr. Okay Sütcüoğlu from Antalya University has made a meticulous study of these boats and their origins. The fourth article is by dr. Berat Açıl from Istanbul’s Şehir University. He has studied a part of the waqfıyye of Habeshi Mehmet Agha, which also was published in our book. This waqfiye enumerates books possessed by Habeshi Mehmed Agha. This article gives insight into the life and the library and intellectual interests of an Ottoman statesman. The last article is by Hulya Yarar Cakiroglu who has discovered and translated Ottoman documents which gives information about the attack on Ismail of 1790. There is much literature about this attack from the Russian side, but information from Ottoman the side is very rare. We hope to have prepared an interesting periodical. We have enough material fora second Ismail issue which is planned in October this year. IJOT is open for all participants who are welcome to submit articles for our next issues. It could be on all fields of Turkology and adjacent…

Nablus came under the rule of the Ottoman Empire in 1517, along with the whole of Palestine. The Ottomans divided Palestine into six sanjaqs ("districts"): Safad, Jenin, Jerusalem, Gaza, Ajlun and Nablus. These six sanjaqs were sub districts of the vilayet ("province") of Damascus. Sanjaq Nablus was further subdivided into five nahiya (sub districts), in addition to the city itself. The Ottomans did not attempt to restructure the political configuration of the region on the local level such that the borders of the nahiya were drawn to coincide with the historic strongholds of certain families. During the Ottoman Era Nablus was a major City where the Ottomans builded heavily. A good survey of Ottoman builded works and the inscriptions has not been done. In my book Turkish Palestine (1069-1917) I have collected and published some of the inscriptions from Ottoman Period. For example, the Hamidian Clock Tower, Turkish Hamam, and Turkish Hospital will be treated. In this paper, I give a survey of the not published and neglected architectural works from the ottoman Period and their inscriptions.

The Protestant movement, which changed Europe definitively from Mediaeval Europe to Modern Europe, has been accepted after a very violent struggle of more than one hundred years, starting in 1517, when Martin Luther, professor of moral theology at the University of Wittenberg and town preacher, wrote the ninety-five theses against the contemporary practices of the church with respect to indulgences, etc. The Roman Catholic church, practically the only Christian church in Western Europe, reacted very violently with an inquisition and a long war over Dutch independence that lasted from 1568 until 1648 and the 30 years’ war 1618–1648. Protestantism as a European religion was accepted at the end with peace in Westphalia in 1648 when the new European order of states were formed and Protestantism was legalized. As such, the Westphalia Peace Treaty was the first legal document that accepted Protestantism. There is another neglected international document, however, composed thirty-six years earlier than the Westphalia agreement (1612) that for the first time recognized Protestantism (under the name of Lutheranism). The members of the new religion were put under the protection of Turkish Sultan Ahmed. This document recognizes Protestantism (under the name of Lutheranism), and is the subject of this article.

Araştırmamızla Büyük Selçuklu Sultanlarına ait kitabelerin bir envanteri yapılarak yayınlaması
ile Selçuklu araştırmalarına bir katkı yapılması amaçlanmaktadır. Ayrıca İran, İrak, Türkiye ve
Suriyede bulunan Büyük Selçuklu devrin Sultanları tarafından yazdırılan kitabelerin konumları ve
içerikleri hakkında bilgiler verilecektir. Kitabelerin Ülkelere göre dağılımı ise şöyledir: Türkiye (Ani 1
ve Diyarbakir 8) olmak üzere 9 kitabe, İran’da 9, Suriye’de 13 ve Filistin’de 1 kitabe bulunmaktadır.
En eski kitabe olan Şam’daki 475 (1082 tarihli) kitabeden başlanarak en son kitabe olan 524 (1132)
tarihli yine Şam şehrinde Bab-el-Barid medresesi kitabesine kadar 32 kitabe tanıtılacaktır. Kitabelerde
isimleri geçen Selçuklu Hükümdarları Alpaslan, Melikşah,Tutuş Dukak ve Sultan Muhammed Tapar
ve Sultan Mahmud’dur. Kitabelerde verilen bilgilerle yazılı kaynaklarla karşılaştırılarak kitabelerin
selçuklu tarihini aydınlatmaya katkıları üzerinde durulacaktır

GİRİŞ
18 Mart 2022 tarihinde Çanakkale köprüsünün açılışı töreninde Cumhurbaşkanı Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’a
Kültür bakanı Mehmet Nuri Ersoy tarafından bir sancak takdim edilerek bu Sancağın 1893
yılında Katarda meydana gelen el Vecbe Savaşında Türk birliği tarafından taşınan sancak olduğu ve bu
sancağın İngilterede bir müzayedede Kültür Bakanı Tarafından satın alınarak Türkiyeye getirildiği ilan
edildi. Cumhurbaşkanı takdim edilen bu sancağı 3 defa öperek Milli Savunma bakanı Hulusi Akara
verdi.
20 Mart Tarihinde Hürriyet Gazetesinde yazılan bir haberde (Bakınız ek 1) ise O hikayesı konulu
uzunca bir haberde ise konu daha etraflı işlenerek 25 Mart 1893 de yapılan Katarlılarla Osmanlılar
arasındaki bir çatışmada Osmanli birliğinin sancağının kaybolduğu ve yıllar sonra yanı 120 yıl sonra
İngilterede bir müzayede evinde satışa çıkarıldığı ve 28 ekimde yapılan müzayedede Kültür ve Turizm
Bakanı Mehmet Nuri Ersoy tarafından satın alınarak Türkiyeye getirildiği ve Cumhurbaşkanına Çanakkale
köprüsünün açılışı vesilesiyle verildiği yazılmaktaydı.
Buraya kadar hikaye bu fakat Müzayede esnasında yaptığımız araştırmada bu hikayenin hiç de böyle
olmadığını Sancağın satılmasını teşvik etmek için böyle bir hikaye uydurulduğunu ortaya çıkarmış ve
Sosyal medyada paylaşmıştık. Bu hadise ile Sayın Cumhurbaşkanı ve devletimizin tabiri yerindeyse
kandırıldığını anlatmayı kendimize bir vazife bildik. İşte elimizdeki belge ve bilgileri kamuoyu ile paylaşarak
olayda bir sahtekarlık olup ilamdığını Kamuoyunun takdirine bırakmak istiyorum

articler in Turkish: Israeli News portal Times ofsrale reported that  SILOAM iNSCRIPTION would "RETUNED" to Israel .  https://www.timesofisrael.com/israeli-official-turkey-agrees-to-return-ancient-hebrew-inscription-to-jerusalem/
This was deneid later by an Turkish scholar. I explained that by a possible  Consequences of delivery of siloam Inscription to Israel by Turkish government wil open Pandoras Box and it will cause  calls by countries that were part  of ottoman Empire to return  antiquities from istanbul musuems.  My opinion published in Turkish Daily Karar tomorrow.

UKRAINE
HISTORICAL MAPS FROM
OTTOMAN RUSSIAN BORDERLANDS

Edited by / Yayına hazırlayan: Mehmet Tütüncü
with contributions from: Mahir Aydin, Elżbieta Święcicka, Andrew B. Pernal
Graphic Designer: Omer Erdem omerdem@me.com

ISBN 978-90-6921-031-7
CORPUS OF TURKISH ISLAMIC INSCRIPTIONS nr. 27
TÜRK İSLAM KİTABELERİ DİZİSİ no: 27

© Copyright 2020, SOTA All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying and recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher and copyright
holder.

Publisher:
SOTA / Research Centre for Tukish and Arabic World
Brabantlaan 26
2101 SG Heemstede
Netherlands
Tel: + 31 23 5292883
Email: sotapublishing@gmail.com
or m.tutuncu@gmail.com
Web: www.turkistan.org


MAPPING THE WILD FRONTIERS OF OTTOMANS

Maps represent one of the oldest forms of human communication. For centuries, scientists have been convinced of the expressive power of the map, which can speak beyond the barrier of the ordinary language. The significance of the map, especially in the past, stems from the fact that people were making them to tell other people about the places and places they experienced. The maps presented in this book are very important for studying the general and cultural history of the area of Bosnia and Herzegovina during the early modern period as well as the surrounding regions. The significance of their analysis and publishing is even greater because the cartographic representations of the early Bosnian-Ottoman production area of Ottoman production are extremely rare and less familiar to the academic and professional public. Based on certain characteristics it can be assumed that maps represented in this book were created during the 18th century. Some of them are work of professionally engaged and educated Ottoman officials, while for others we assume that they are works of amateurs, most likely domestic people. The professional maps that emerged during the negotiations on the Ottoman-Russian  demarcation processses in the Northern Steppes forming  the nowadays Ukraine are a testament to the intense work, collaboration and commitment of the Ottoman and Russian members of the demarcation commission. This is confirmed not only by the notes on the mentioned maps, but also by numerous other Ottoman documents from same period. At the same time, on the basis of a more detailed analysis, it can be concluded that the members of the demarcation commissions were educated and competent to carry out the mentioned process, and that they spent a long time on the field, establishing a borderline on the spot. As for the amateur maps presented in this book, we also consider that they represent a significant historical source and valuable contribution of local inhabitants to the cartography of Ukraine during the Ottoman period. The Ottoman maps of Southeast Europe, where the territory of Ottoman Provinces  is shown, on the other hand, are examples of the maps created by the compilation, based on the insights into the early modern maps of Europe without a direct insight into the situation on the ground. Apart from the lines of demarcation and other textual parts on the maps, which place these maps among the primary historical sources for studying the proces .

ABSTRACT

This article contains the publication of the oldest survived waqfiyya inscription from the Islamic World (between 252 / 866 and the eighties of the third century of the hegira / last decade of the 9th century AD). It is written on a limestone in a very distinctive cuneiform like kufic form. The inscription come up in an auction in 2015 and was sold to an unknown buyer. The study is based on the pictures of photos of the auction House. The article deciphers the difficult text, and gives its translation into English and analysis the contents and tries to understand the paleographic features of the script.
The waqf of two farms in Palestine with horses and mules makes it a production unit which is quite unique and whose crops is for the beneficiaries of the Waqf.
The person who is the founder of the waqf is Abū Sālih Ḫayr al-Ḫādim, the freedman (mawlā) of al-Muᶜtazz bi-llāh, the commander of the believers. He is unknown in the historical sources. However, the text presents him with a kunya, a name (ism), a title (Ḫādim) and a social status (mawlā).
This stele was a kind of poster intended to be read by the public and would most probably be one of two copies installed at the entrance of each of the two distant farmsteads that were the objects of the waqf. Furthermore, the text of this stele is a summary of a more detailed original legal document (probably on parchment) written in the presence of a Muslim judge and a number of witnesses.

Western Palestine is extremely rich in Arabic inscriptions, whose dates range from as early as ce 150 until modern times. Most of the inscriptions date from the Islamic period, for under Islam the country gained particular religious and strategic importance, even though it made up ...

Every book has a story. The story of this book in
your hands is quite interesting. The adventure of
this book in your hands is quite interesting. This
interesting album, that I bought from an auction
on April 23, 2018, is a convolute of various
compositions with a velvet and and guild decorated
covers were quite remarkable and beautiful. The
notes of compositions were printed in Istanbul by
Duhancı and Notacı Mehmet Emin Efendi.
When I got the album in hand and did some
research on it, I asked the bookseller where he
got it from. He explained that it came from
the noble Guillaume family living in Belgium.
According to him, the family wanted to sell old
books from an old depot and asked him to look
at it. Based on the information we received from
the booksellerKeerssemaker, who sells books at
an auction, the research suggests that the was
from a Grandmother Euphrosine, a confidant of
the Romanian queen, and that the Album may
have come from there. Euphrosyne, who married
Jean Gustave-Paul Guillaume, was likely to have
brought this Album from Romania.
It is immediately evident from the golden
embroideries on the velvet on the skin covers that
this is a palace work. The experts we contacted
highlighted the possibility that this could only have
been made by Sultan Abdulhamid and gifted to
the head of state of another country (here, the
Queen of Romania). Of course, even if all these
assumptions seem plausible, we will not be able to
prove them without producing a document. But
as Evren Kutlay put it in his article, when Sultan
Abdülhamid’s interest in western piano music
combined with the interest to the eastern music of
Queen of Romania, Carmen Silviya, this album
was undoubtedly a cooperation of Both Royals.
We can guess that he Sultan gave this music
album as a gift. How Euphrosyne got it, is another
unknown fact but it can be guessed that the queen
gave her as a gift to her beloved servant.
Yıldız University lecturer and musician pianist
Evren Kutlay, who examined the musical works
in the album, convinced me that the album is a
very unique work and that it should be published
by stating that some of the music tracks in the
album were seen for the first time here. She wrote
about Sultan Abdülhamid’s interest in the music
world and his observations about this album in the
introduction part of the book.
Euphrosine (dame d’Honneur de la Reine de
Roumanie), the close friend and servant of Queen
Elizabeth of Romania, get possibly this Music
album as a wedding gift by the Queen when she
married Belgian Charges d’affaire in Budapest
Paul Guillaume in 1882. Lady Euphrosine passed
away in 1914. The Queen died in Romania in
1916, two years later. Two years after that, Sultan
Abdulhamid died in 1918. In 2018, after a hiatus
of 100 years (this Romania, Belgium and Turkey
in connection Album) sold. And it is published
in 2020 as a print. A story that says nothing is a
coincidence in life.
I would like to thank the pianist mrs. Evren Kutlay
who has evaluated the album’s content and has
written the valuable introduction to this book.
Mehmet Tütüncü

Interesting auction on History of Arabian Peninsula:  Especially important are historical documents at the end of  Ottoman rule on Arabian Peninsula. especially items  42, 45, 55, 56, 62, 66, 67, 74, 78, 81, 84 are very interesting private archive documents form the first World war and Arab Revolt. Documents from the private archives of the chairman of Special forces  Eshref Kuschubashi, National poet and influencer Mehmet Akif Ersoy, Governor General of Yemen Ahmet izzet pasha and the last commander of Medina Fahreddin Pasha and the General on Iraqi Frong Suleyman askeri. A personal note: Items 103 and 109 are from my (Mehmet Tutuncu) collection, 103 is the oldest Western Illustration of Mecca by Adrianus Reland from 1718 and the first coloured printing of Mecca by the dutch author Salomon keijzer from 1874. Enjoy the catalogue...

BARBAROS HAYREDDIN PAŞA’NIN TÜRBESİ ZEUS TAPINAĞI MI İDİ?

Barbaros Hayrettin Paşa: mezar limanında tekrar dirilme gününe kadar demir atıp (lenger bırakup)
yatar.
sâhil-i bahr iken kapudan-ı ber olup liman-ı gûrda ilâ-yevmi’n-nüşûr lenger-endâht olup yatır.
ساحل بحر ايكن قبودان بر اولوب ليمان كورده الي يوم النشور لنكر انداخت اولوب يطر
ne marin fluctus mortuum pyratam submergant, quem viuum submergere non potuerunt
GİRİŞ
Midilli adasında doğup, Akdeniz’i bir Türk denizi yapan temelleri atarak Cezayir ve Tunus gibi bir kıta
büyüklüğünde yerleri fethederek Osmanlı Devleti ile birleştiren Kaptan-ı Derya Barbaros Hayreddin
Paşa’nın hayatı bir roman gibidir. Onun hayatı ve vefatı hakkında bazı bilinmezler ve esrarengiz
çözülmemiş noktalar hâlâ vardır. Bunun için son yıllarda bu noktaları aydınlatmak için araştırmalar
yaparak yayın yolu ile kamuoyu ile paylaşmaya gayret ediyoruz1. Bu cümleden olarak araştırmanın
konusu da Barbaros Hayreddin Paşa’nın Beşiktaş’da2 bulunan türbesine dairdir.

NEW BOOK  order INSTRUCTIONS
Tütüncü, Mehmet. Karadeniz kuzeyinde osmanli kitabeleri : Ukrayna, Moldova, Rusya, Gürcistan, Litvanya. - Heemstede : SOTA, <2020>. 300 pages ; 24 cm (Corpus of Turkish Islamic inscriptions ; Nr. 19). (paperback)

ISBN: 978-90-6921-023-0
19th volume of Corpus of Turkish Islamic Inscriptions  series is devoted tot eh Inscriptions along the Nothern  part of Black Sea Regions.  The insclude Ukrainian territories (excluding Crimea, because abundance of Crimean Inscriptions needs a separate volume) Russia, Georgia, Moldavia and as an anomaly Lithuania. 
There are from the lands 86 86 Inscriptions.

Ukraine is the richest with 64 Inscriptions tehn follows Moldova 12 kitabe inscriptions and herafter comes Russia with 5, Georgia with 4 and Lithuania with2 Inscriptions.
As distribution tot he cities Hotin (7), Kamanetsk(1), Ismail (10), Kiliya (4), Özi (Ocahakov)  (4), Ak-kerman (5), Odessa (19), Herson (11), Gazikermen (2) ve Strizavka (1) cities in Ukraine.
From Russia Temruk (2), Anapa (2), Soğucak (1) and Georgia  Sohumkale (2) ve Faş (2); Moldova is the main Ottoman city Of Bender with 12 isncriptions.

All inscriptions are deciphered, and commented in their historical and cultural framework and aspects. 
The book is produced as a collective of many authors Iw ould like to mention them here: 
Andrey Krasnozhon, Anton Kostenko, Dariusz Kolodzjejczyk, Ev¬liya Çelebi, Fatma Kutlar Oğuz, Feridun Emecen, George Vilkov, Halil Edhem, Igor Sapozhnikov, İbrahim Maraş, İzzet Ali Paşa, Ma¬riana Slapac, Mihai Maxim, Mustafa L. Bilge, N.A. Marx, Temel Öztürk, Ivan Spafarsis, Sururi, Vladimir Levchuk, Alexander Raki¬tin, Sadık Müfit Bilge
Specifications:
165x240 cm, softcover
Will published at 1st of March 2021.
Price € 60 excl. Shipping costs
Turkish with Russian Long abstract at the end.
Please send your orders to next email:
sotapublishing@gmail.com

Some sample pages are viewed here:  https://www.academia.edu/45189325/
(Ocahakov)  (4), Ak-kerman (5), Odessa (19), Herson (11), Gazikermen (2) ve Strizavka (1) cities in Ukraine.
From Russia Temruk (2), Anapa (2), Soğucak (1) and Georgia  Sohumkale (2) ve Faş (2); Moldova is the main Ottoman city Of Bender with 12 isncriptions.

All inscriptions are deciphered, and commented in their historical and cultural framework and aspects.
The book is produced as a collective of many authors Iw ould like to mention them here: 
Andrey Krasnozhon, Anton Kostenko, Dariusz Kolodzjejczyk, Ev¬liya Çelebi, Fatma Kutlar Oğuz, Feridun Emecen, George Vilkov, Halil Edhem, Igor Sapozhnikov, İbrahim Maraş, İzzet Ali Paşa, Ma-riana Slapac, Mihai Maxim, Mustafa L. Bilge, N.A. Marx, Temel Öztürk, Ivan Spafarsis, Sururi, Vladimir Levchuk, Alexander Raki¬tin, Sadık Müfit Bilge

Specifications:
165x240 cm, softcover
Will published at 1st of March 2021.
Price € ^0 excl. Shipping costs
Turksih with Russian Long abstract at the end.
Please send your orders to next email:
sotapublishing@gmail.com
Some sample pages are viewed here:  https://www.academia.edu/43428193

These records contain information related to the formation of Robert College (Bebek, Turkey). They document the founders' attempts to define the mission of a Christian college within the Ottoman Empire, their efforts to obtain permission to purchase land, and their efforts to gain necessary permits to build upon the site. And the transfer of the schools to Turkish Government .

UPPSALA MECCA PAINTING DEBATE. How not to define Ottoman realism in the Uppsala Mecca painting.
Some remarks to an article by Deniz Beyazıt in Muqarnas 37 (2020).


In Muqarnas 37 (published in November
2020), an article by Deniz Beyazit (from The
Metropolitan Museum of Art, in New York) was
published. The article1 deals with a subject
that’s near to my heart: The Mecca painting
at Uppsala University in Sweden. In 2015, I
published a comprehensive article about the
same subject. So, I was very much interested
if Deniz Beyazit’s article would give any new
insight and possible new points of view and
discoveries. But after reading, I was left with a
great disappointment, since the complete text
is repeating the conclusions and plagiarize my
earlier published article, but without giving
sufficient acknowledgment, credits, or the
necessary reference. Instead, the author tries
to depreciate my contributions by grabbing
some of my views and discoveries and
presenting this as hers.

INTRODUCTION
Drawings and images of Islam’s holiest places, the Kaaba and the
city of Mecca, alongside Medina with the Mosque of Prophet, have
been very popular over the centuries. These images have been
used for various purposes and had also been executed for these
purposes (drawn, sketched, coloured, incised, stencilled, cut, knitted,
printed or even built) on or using a variety of materials, such
as stone, ceramics, paper, textiles, wood, marble/tiles (in the form
of frescoes), etc. This book is a publication for the first time of nine
key objects, and contains unique information about the history
and topography of the holy cities of Islam. All of these key objects
are monuments of the arts, and will, for the first time, be analysed
and studied and compared to one another so that the information
they have will be disclosed to the reader.

Peace treaty Concluded in 1680 between Ottoman Regency of Algiers and Dutch republic.  It was first Published in 1680. second edition  in 2009 is a imprint of ottoman text and French text on the occasion  of departure of the former Algerian Ambassdaor Ben Chaa Dani  from Holland.  (only 13 copies)

İNTİHAL’İN 5 HALİ YADA 
MALTA TÜRK ŞEHİTLİĞİ MAKALESİNİN BAŞINA GELENLER 
Orijinal makale
Mehmet Tütüncü “Malta Türk Şehitliği / The Turkish Cemetery at Malta”  Yayın YILI 2014 Yayınlandığı Kitap: Savaş Tarihi Ululararası Kongresi (6-8 Kasım 2014) Kongresi 100. Yılında 1. Dünya savaşı Bildiriler Kitabı s/  501-525. Sayfaları
ONLINE https://www.academia.edu/12138848/Malta_T%C3%BCrk_%C5%9Eehitli%C4%9Fi_The_Turkish_Cemetery_at_Malta

Intihal makale
Nuri YAVUZ*- İbrahim İSLAH**  Malta Türk Şehitliği The Turkish Military Cemetery at Malta  YAYIN YILI: 2019
Yayın Yeri: Gazi bakış Dergisi Sayı Yaz 2019 , S. 223-249
ONLINE
http://www.gaziakademikbakis.com/makale/gab-T-2019-486

Natur und Mensch NHG 2017_51-58.pdf
References to my works Zu Inschriften aus der Regierungszeit cAbd al-Hamids II. vgl. vor allem Tütüncü M., Turkish Jerusalem (15161917־ ): Ottoman Inscriptions from Jerusalem
and other Palestinian Cities (Corpus of Turkish Is- lamic Inscriptions 1), Haarlem 2006, Nr. 58־61. 113־119; Tütüncü M., Turkish Palestine (10691917־ ). Inscriptions
from aI־Khalil (Hebron), Nabi Musa and
Other Palestinian Cities under Turkish Rule (Corpus of Turkish Islamic Inscriptions 2), Haarlem 2008, z.B. Nr. 150.187. 228. 2 5 5 2 5 6 ־ u.ö.; Sharon M., Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, Vol. V, Leiden - Boston 2013, Nr. 65. 71. 84. 85. 114 u.ö.; Hübner U., Das neue Zeitalter: Eine unpublizierte Schulinschrift Sultan °Abd al-Hamids II. aus Kerak / Jordanien aus dem Jahr 1317 / 1899, in: Geist und Buchstabe. Fest- Schrift für G. Meckenstock zum 65. Geburtstag, ed. M. Pietsch / D. Schmid, Berlin — Boston 2013, 2 3 4 4 ־.

Berat (Arnavud Belgradı) Vakıfları Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme / An Evalation on Waqfs of Berat (Albanian Belgrade)
Vakıflar Dergisi Vakıflar Dergisi Yıl: Haziran 2013 -Sayı 39 Vakıflar Dergisi Yıl: Aralık 2018 • Sayı: 50
reference to my book onp. 140 about Berat halveti tekkesi  Corpus of Ottoman Inscriptions in Albania and Montenegro

22-24 Ekim 2108 Tarihlerinde Istanbulda Sultan Abdulhamidin 100. Yili anisina  yapilacak olan Kongre program Kitapcigi. 
Programme Book of the Congress on the mermory of 100th year of Passing of Sultan Abdulhamid II in Istnabul 22-24 october 2018/

OTTOMAN INSCRIPTIONS IN SAUDI ARABIA: FIRST
CENTURY OF OTTOMAN RULE IN ARABIA (1509-1600)
XVII. Türk Tarih Kongresi, 15-17 Eylül 2014, Ankara (IV. Cilt-VI. Kısım)
Proceedıngs XVII Congress of Turkısh Hıstory )IV volumeö Part VI)
MEHMET TÜTÜNCÜ: Ottoman Inscriptions in Saudi Arabia: First Century of Ottoman Rule in Arabia (1509-1600)  2033
In this paper, we will look at the building activities in the holy cities
and on the Hajj route of the Ottoman Sultans. Our point of departure is the
inscriptions that were placed on the buildings. In 16th Century Ottoman Empire was governed by 5 Ottoman Rulers. Hereunder
is a list of of inscriptions in the name of this Sultans that is known to exist.
This information is based on my previous research which I have compiled in a Catalogue of Inscriptions in Arabia. Th e catalogue numbers are based on this
study.
Sultan Year AH Amount of Inscriptions
Bayezid II 886-918 2 inscriptions from Mecca and Medina
Selim I 918-926 1 Inscription from Mecca
Suleyman I 926-974 20 Inscriptions from Mecca, 6 from Medina
and 4 from the Hajj Route
Selim II 974-982 2 Inscriptions from Mecca
Murad III 982-1003 22 Inscriptions from Mecca and 2 from Medina
Th erefore, there are some 59 inscriptions that give evidence of the ottoman building activities in the Arabian Peninsula in 10th century AH / 16th Century AD.

XVIII. TÜRK TARİH KONGRESİ  - PTOGRAMME OF XVIIIth TURKISH HISTORY CONGRESS 1/5 OcTober Anara 
Kısmet olursa 1-5 Ekim 2018 tarihleri arasında Ankara'da olacağız. Programın Anıtkabir ziyareti ile başlaması yerinde olmuş. Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk tarih tutkunu olduğu için sağlığında katılıyordu bu kongrelere.
(3 Ekim 2018, The Green Park Otel, KARADENİZ SALONU
Hatıralar, Biyografiler, Otobiyografiler - Memoirs, Biographies, Autobiographies

Appendix  to the article
Tütüncü, M., “The Uppsala Mecca Painting: A New Source for the Cultural Topography and Historiography for Mecca”, in Molss, L., and Buitelaar, M. (eds), Hajj. Global Interactions through Pilgrimage, Leiden: Sidestone Press, 2015: 137–162,
https://www.academia.edu/37204629/

Images of Islam’s holiest place, the Ka’ba and the city of Mecca, have been very popular throughout the centuries. These images have been put on different materials, such as stone, ceramics, paper, and cloth (Blair 2013: 160–168). The Hajj exhibition Longing for Mecca, the Pilgrim’s Journey held at the National Museum of Ethnology in Leiden exhibited many samples of representations of the holy city of Mecca and the Ka’ba.1 A key piece was a particularly important and special eighteenth-century painting from the Uppsala University collection in Sweden, of which no other comparable contemporary drawings exist (Mols
2013: 120–121).
The painting by an unknown artist appears to be a realistic and astonishingly exact drawing of Mecca and the Ka’ba in the years 1710–1712 (figure 1). It contains unique and very important information about the cultural topography of Mecca and its urban fabric at the beginning of the eighteenth century. The painting shows a topographical view of Mecca with the Great Mosque in the centre, the houses immediately surrounding it, the different neighbourhoods of the city, and the surrounding hills and mountains. The street patterns of Mecca
can easily be recognised, as can many buildings that are marked by a red brush to identify their names. In the middle of the large open court of the Great Mosque stands the Ka’ba, the holiest sanctuary of Islam.

İhe Hüşötü Yazıtı (Küli Çor) Part I (published May 2017in Düşünce ve Taraih pp. 41-56)
Gerard Clauson ve Edward Tryjarski, The Inscription at Ikhe khushotu, Rocznik Orientalicznoi, 1971, s. 7-33
Translation into Turkish  Mehmet Tütüncü

A news Item in Turkish Daily Milliyet from 27 May 2018, It reports from the Oldest islamic Inscriptions found in Turkey in the antique city of Cnidos. in 1969 there were found some Arabic graffittos on a Church that now seems to be first Islamic colony in Anatolia. This inscriptions are from Moslems who sailed here for the 2nd Siege of Istanbul, 717 A.D. I give hereunder a translation of this very important discovery for the History of Islam in mediterranean and Turkey .

A news Item in Turkish Daily Milliyet from 27 May 2018, It reports from the Oldest islamic Inscriptions found in Turkey in the antique city of Cnidos. in 1969 there were found some Arabic graffittos on a Church that now seems to be first  Islamic colony in Anatolia. I give some comments on the inscriptions  and their relavance to the Conquest and Siege of istanbul.

Algeria lived three centuries under Ottoman rule and manuscripts are one of the important documents of this shared history. In National Library of Algeria there is a Turkish manuscript of Kazdağlı Mustafa b. Hasan’s book, Tibru’l-mesbûk fî cihâd-ı guzât-ı Cezâir ve’l-mülûk. It is a diary about the Spanish-Algeria wars in 1198 (Hijri) and reflects the Spanish-Algeria relationships and sustains interesting knowledges about
Ottoman Algeria.
Th'is article has references and uses my book  "Cezayir@de Osmanlı Eserler" extenxively and try to verify the contents of the manuscript with  information on Inscriptions published in my book

Kırım Tatar Türklerinin gözdesi Hansaray’ın restorasyonu uluslararası normlara uygun ve kamuoyundan saklanmamak kaydıyla yapılmalıdır.

Son günlerde Kırım Tatar Türklüğünün ve Türk Tatar saray mimarisinin en önemli eserlerinden biri olarak bilinen Kırım Bahçesaray’daki Hansaray’da Rusya Federasyonu tarafından yapılmakta olan restorasyon çalışmaları hakkındaki haberler Avrupa Kırım Tatar Türklüğü’nde de endişe verecek bir durum arzetmektedir

THE IMFORTANCE OF THE DOCUMENTS IN DUTCH ARCHIVES
FOR TURKISH DIPLOMACY AND FOREIGN POLICY
(1923-1938)
Abstract
Since 1612 there have been a continuously relationship between
Nederland and Turkey till today. Dutch people have always been allies
of Turkey. Besides that they had an intermediator role when any conflict
occur between Turkey and other countries. As a proof that relationship
there have been many documents kept in Netherland’s National
Archive.
The embassy of Nederland was even kept open during the WWI
and upon the Ottoman territories there had been various consulates
and with that they had broad communication networks. So they were
so active. In October 1914, embassies of the Entente powers (France
England Italy and Belgium etc.) were abolished and there were no
permission for their activities. Besides German embassy during the
years 1914-18 the Dutch Embassy was one and only western embassy
which could remain workable in Ottoman Empire.
So the Dutch embassy was seemed as objective and trustworthy as
it should present trustable reports to the world. The reports kept by
this embassy are still in Nederland’s National Archives. However, unfortunately till today, no one have worked on these documents. Therefore, we will start our manifesto with giving examples from archive
documents to show the importance of these documents for the history
of Turkish Diplomacy and for the researches about foreign policy.
These examples are like that:
In one of The Dutch Colonies; Indonesia there have been a pressure
to the Turkish diplomats enforced by Dutch people. Especially,
to the Turkish consuls who are not in favour with the Dutch’s discrimination
policy upon the local people and Europeans. These consuls as
they also wanted to be accepted as Europeans they are stuck in a difficult
situation. Moreover, we can track the attitude of Dutch people about the assassination of the Turkish the chief consul Ref’et Bey during
1915, Armenian cases on these archive documents. These tension
and conflict will be shown from the archive documents and will be
evaluated the importance of Dutch archives. Another document that
was found about charitable help from Turkey in 1916 to a flood disaster
in Holland. This document was wrongly evaluated by the Turkish
National Archives and therefore could not be presented during the
visit of prime minister Davutoglu to the Netherlands in February
2016.
Thus, in our manifesto, we will submit some proposals to use the
documents that in the National Archive of Nederland for the Turkish
foreign policy and the history of diplomacy.

Cezayir’de bulunan Keçava Camisi’nin restorasyonu üzerine bazı gözlemler makaleme gelen cevap ve buna benim cevabım

Drs. Mehmet Tütüncü

Bundan bir müddet 22 Kasım 2017 tarihinde  Cezayir şehrinde bulunan Keçova Camisi  restorasyonu hakkımda fikirlerimi ifade eden Türkçe  bir de Fransızca  iki yazı kaleme almıştım.

Bu yazım internette birkaç haftadır büyük ilgiye mazhar oldu ve Türkçe olanı  aynı zamanda Düşünce ve Tarih dergisinin Kasim 2017 sayısında  yayınlandı. Cezayir ve Türkiye’de konunun ilgilileri tarafından büyük bir yankı buldu ve yayıldı. 12 Aralık 2017 tarihinde sayın Nuran Kara Pilehvarian* ve Can Şakir Binan** bu makaleme academia.edu sayfasında cevaben bir yazı gönderdiler. Oldukça suçlayıcı ve küçümseyici bir dille yazılan ve Mehmet Tütüncü’de kim ola ki bu konuda laf ede olarak özetlenen bu yazıyı aşağıda kırmızı renkli harflerle alıntıladım.

Bu okuyacağınız yazı benim onlara cevabımdır. Daha iyi anlaşılması için aşağıda kırmızı renkli harfli olarak Pilehvarian ve Binan’ın yazılarından alıntılarını ve benim onlara cevabımı ise siyah renkli olarak yazdım
Sayın Pilehvarian ve Binan’ın (Bakın edeb ve adab gereği ben onlara sayın diyorum onlar cevaplarında benim için bu nezaket ifadesini dahi kullanmamışlar ki bu onların ruh hallerini ve bana karşı tutumlarını gösteren sadece bir ufak işarettir.) böyle bir yazıyı kaleme almaları için sebebleri vardır. Onların Keçova camisinin tamiratında görev aldıklarını duymuştum ama görevlerini ve yetkilerini bilmiyorum. Mektuplarında bu yetkilerini açık olarak yazmamışlar  Ama benim yazımı üzerlerine alıp cevap verdiklerine göre onların caminin restorasyonunda Türkiye tarafının uzman ve bilim heyetini  temsilen bulunduklarını varsayabiliriz. Ve muhtemelen TİKA’dan  yüklü miktarda para karşılığı bu işleri yapmışlardır.  Kazandıkları bu para helal olsun ama böyle bir çok kurumun arkasına saklanma yerine görevlerini ve yaptıkları tercihleri yazsalardı keşke…

Cezayir şehrinde bulunan Keçava Camisi şehrin en işlek ve en kalabalık merkezi bir yerinde liman ile Kasbah arasında bir geçit yerinde bulunmaktadır. Şehrin bu sembolik camisi 1830 yılında Cezayir’i ele geçiren Fransız sömürgeciler tarafından hızlı bir şekilde işgalden hemen sonra kilise olarak kullanılmaya başlanmış ve 1840 yılında Cami yıkılarak yerine katedral yapılmıştır. 120 yıl kilise olarak kullanıldıktan sonra 1962 yılında Cezayir bağımsız olur olmaz tekrar Katedral’den camiye çevrilmiştir. Cami 2013 yılında Türkiye Cumhurbaşkanı Tayyip Erdoğan’ın girişimleri neticesinde Tika tarafında tamirata ve restorasyona alınmıştır. Geçtiğimiz günlerde Tika Cezayir tarafından caminin son hali ile ilgili bazı fotoğraflar sosyal medyada yayınlandı, bu fotoğraflar üzerinde yapılan çalışmaların kapsamı ve mahiyeti hakkında bilgi edinmek mümkün olmuştur.

La Mosquée Ketchaoua est située à un endroit populeux, à un lieu de passage entre le port et la Casbah. Cette mosquée symbolique de la ville a été rapidement reprise par les colonisateurs français qui ont occupé l’Algérie en 1830, elle a été transformée en église juste après l’occupation. En 1840, la mosquée a été détruite et à la place une cathédrale a été construite. La mosquée qui a été utilisée comme église pendant 120 ans, a été retransformée en mosquée dès l’indépendance de l’Algérie en 1962. Utilisée comme mosquée pendant de longues années, le bâtiment a connu un processus de réparation et de rénovation de la part de TIKA, suite à la demande personnelle de Tayyip Erdoğan, Président de la République de Turquie. Récemment, TIKA Algérie a publié certaines photographies de l’état final de la mosquée dans des réseaux sociaux, qui ont permis d’avoir des renseignements concernant l’étendue et la qualité des travaux. Je souhaite en partager mes observations.

Kitabeler, tarihî binaların kimlik kartları olduğu kadar aynı zamanda o binanın ve hatta beldenin aidiyetlik, sanat ve medeniyet nişanesidirler. Kitabeler üzerine yaptığı çalışmalarla adından söz ettiren yazarımız, bu sefer çalkantılı bir tarihî geçmişe sahip İzmir'de, şehrin mührü mesabesindeki Fatih devrine ait kale kitabesini ve keşif hikâyesini sizler için kaleme aldı…

Giriş İlk Türk devletlerinin kurulduğu Moğo-listan topraklarında bugün hâlâ bu devre ait kitabeler, yazıtlar ve anıtlar bulunmakta. Fakat bu kitabelerin okunması uzun zaman almaktadır. Şimdi bahsedeceğimiz kitabe de 1975 yılında bulunmuş fakat içeriğinin okunması ve anlaşılması 37 sene sonra mümkün olmuştur.

Published in Las campanas de Orán, 1509-2009: Estudios en homenaje a Fatma Benhamamouche / Ismet Terki Hassaine (ed. lit.), Emilio Sola Castaño (ed. lit.), Alejandro Ramón Díez Torre (ed. lit.), Manuel Casado Arboniés (ed. lit.), 2012, ISBN 978-84-15595-94-6, pages 215-236

Evliya Çelebi’nin Türkiye’deki tek  somut izi Karaman’da Pir Ahmed Camisindeki yazı ihmal ve dikkatsizlik sonucu yok olmak üzere.

Geçtiğimiz yıllarda  Tamirata alan camide kitabe tamamen korumasız durumda kalmış ve burada konaklayan tinercilerin ve evsiz insanların barınak  sahası olmuştur. Geçtiğimiz günlerde yaptığım ziyarette  kitabenin etrafında ve çevresinde ateş yakıldığı ve boyayla duvarlara yazılar yazılmış olduğunu gördüm.  Camide hiçbir güvenlik tedbiri alınmamış ve tamamen terkedilmiş bir izlenimim bulunmaktadır. Tamirat ise tamamen durdurulmuştur. Hiçbir faaliyet gözükmemektedir.
Bu şekilde tinercilerin barınağı haline gelen caminin dışında ısınmak için ateş yakıldığı ve taşların sökülüp yıkıldığını gördüm. Bu şekilde  devam ederse  yakında Evliya Çelebi’nin  Türkiye’deki tek somut izini ebediyyen kaybetmiş olacağımızdan korkmaktayım. . Büyük Seyyahımız Evliya Çelebinin bu izinin korunması için acilen Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü, Kültür ve Turizm bakanlığı ve gerekse Karaman belediyesini hareket etmeye çağırıyorum.

S hqipëria e Jugut nuk është shumë e pasur me mbishkrime osmane. Midis vetëm 25 mbishkrime të regjistruara. Katër nga këto mbishkrime (nr. 2-5), janë të njohura nga veprat e Evlija Çelebiut dhe literaturës përkatëse. Këto mbishkrime në ditët e sotme kanë humbur. Megjithatë, ato janë mjaftueshëm të rëndësishme për historinë e rajonit për t'i përfshirë këtu në Korpusin tonë. 21 mbishkrime të tjera ekzistojnë ende dhe kryesisht janë publikuar për herë të parë në këtë Ky është një studim dhe botim rreth mbishkrimeve osmane në jug të Shqipërisë, të përcaktuara të reja (kryesisht të varreve), nga studiues të huaj dhe vendas. Mbishkrimeve të njohura nga literatura (Evlia Çelebi mbishkrime nga kjo zonë, të cilat datojnë që nga viti deri në 1897, janë botuar këtu si pjesë e Korpusit të mbishkrimeve osmane në Shqipëri. Mbishkrimet janë studiuar në kontekstin e tyre historik dhe kulturor. Ato përmbajnë informacione në lidhje me aktivitetet në fushën e ndërtimit, jetën dhe kulturën e asaj zone gjatë shekujve të sundimit osman në Shqipëri. Mbishkrime osmane, xhami.

Comparing 3 inscriptions about Muslim Conquest of Cyprus, The inscriptions are form the year 22 AH /650 AD. One is Oldest islamic Rombstone inscriptions two others are form Byzantine Priest John of Solı.
Kıbrıs'ın Müslümanlarca fethi yıllarına ait 3 Kitabenin karşılaştırmalı analizi yapılmaktadır. Hicri 22 Miladi 650 yılana it kiatbelerin ilki en eski Müslüman Mezar taşı olmak özelliğini taşır, diğer 2 kiatbe ise Soli Kilisesi piskoposu Yuhanna'ya aittir.

The History Ottoman Canons from Acheh in Bronbeek Museum in Holland
“Sizin tarafınızdan gönderilen sekiz nefer topcu sıhhat ve selamet üzere
bu tarafa geldiler onların makamı bizim yanımızda cevher dağlarından
daha değerlidir.”
Hollanda’nın Arnhem kasabası yakınlarında bulunan Bronbeek Müzesi oldukça ilginç bazı objelere sahiptir. Bronbeek Hollanda’nın eski sömürgesi Endonezya’da görev yapan askerlere bir dinlenme ve huzurevi olarak yapılmıştır. Burası 1857 yılında Hollanda  Kralı Wilhelm II tarafından Endonezya’da görev yapan askerlere  ağışlanmıştır. Daha sonra Hollanda’nın sömürgesi olan Endonezya’dan getirdiği savaş ganimetleri buradaki müze hâline getirilen birkaç odada sergilenmeye başlanmıştır. Bronbeek Müzesi’nde Endonezya’nın Açe bölgesinde devam eden 1875 yılı savaşında bulunan bazı toplarda sergilenmektedir. Bu toplar Osmanlı topları olarak bilinmektedir.

Kudüs ve Filistin Türkiye’de oldukça popüler bir konu olmaları vesilesiyle birçok kitaba konu olmuştur. Maalesef Türkiye’deki Kudüs araştırmaları hamaset ve edebiyat çerçevesinde kalmış ortaya somut Osmanlı varlığını ortaya koyan bir eser hala yazılamamıştır. Uzun yıllar Kudüs’teki Türk mirasını ortaya çıkarmak için yaptığım çalışmaları İngilizce olarak 2 cilt halinde yayınlamıştım. Bu kitaplara Refik Halit Karay’ın Zeyiindağı kitabında yazdığı hiçbir zaman bir Türk Kudüs’ü olmadı sözlerine bir nazire olarak Türk Kudüs’ü ve Türk Filistin’i isimlerini vermiştim. (Bakınız Kaynakça) Bu çalışmalarımız esnasında kaynaklarda geçen 4 kitabenin yerinde olmadığını görmüştüm.
Kudüs’te yıllar boyu devam eden araştırmalarımda Sultan Süleyman ve Sultan I. Mahmut’a ait bu 4 kitabenin akıbetini araştırdım. Bu makalede araştırmamızın neticelerini paylaşacağım.
Ele alacağımız 4 kitabe aşağıdaki kitabelerdir.
1. Sultan Süleyman Kale Kitabesi (Bulundu) (Kitabe 7)
2. Sultan I. Mahmud Kale kitabesi (Kayıp kırık bir parçası bulundu) (Kitabe 40)
3. Mağribiler (Ağlama Duvarı) kapısı kitabesi (Bulundu) (Kitabe 21)
4. Arslanlı Kapı Sultan Süleyman Sebili kitabesi (Kayıp) (Kitabe 28)

Dutch Archival Materials concerning  Trade activities of Dutch  Merchants in Yemen  (1614-1635)

The first Diplomatic relations between Netherlands and Ottoman Empire started in the year 1612. The Dutch merchants started their activities short after the arrival of First Dutch Ambassador Cornelius Haga in Istanbul in 1612.  In Accordance with these Dutch Merchant boats arrived in the Red Sea harbours of Yemen in 1614. Dutch East India Company owned these boats and they want to establish a trading Office (Factorij) in Yemen’s ports. İn 1616 the Dutch Commander Pieter van den Broecke pays a visit to Sanaa to the governor Cafer Pasha to obtain permission for trading Office in Mocha. The main Ottoman Policy after the Jeddah incident of 1517 was to make the Red Sea an internal Ottoman Sea, and giving no permission to foreign Christian Powers  to enter the Red Sea, because of the possible dangers for the Holy places of Mecca and Medina.  For this policy, Ottomans started to conquer Yemen and the African Coast of Red Sea. In addition, no western power was allowed to enter the Red Sea even for Trade. This policy lasted until 1618.
After long correspondence, the ottoman Sultan Osman II gives permission for opening of an Office. These activities of the Dutch were the first as such fort he western European countries. The Dutch National archives contain many documents concerning the Dutch activities during the period 1614-1635, and they give insight into the internal situation of Yemen.

A Quran Manscript from Alaeddin bey of the Qaramanids in the Majid-alAqsa (Qubbetussahra) in Jerusalem
Jerusalem is after Mecca and Medina the third Holy City of islam. To bring services to this place was an honour for Islamic rulers. Qaramanids have also made efforts for this purpose because Jerusalem was halfway between Karaman and Cairo. A remarkable concrete evidence of the services of Qaramanids to Jerusalem is a Quran Manucript that is now preserved in the Islamic Museum of Masjid Al Aksa in Jerusalem. The Quran was donated as a gift (endowment) to read in the Qubbetussahra in the year 1376.  During a visit to the Islamic Museum I was able to make some pictures from this Quran. We will try to investigate this Quran and its role in the relations between Qaramanids and Mamluks.

In the Southern Wall of Caıro Citadel of Cairo that is now closed to the public there is a big monument of an eagle. This monument that is believed was made and put there during the times of Salahaddin Eyyubi. We have a description of the eagle and citadel of Cairo by Evliya Çelebi from the year 1670. Herein describes it very extensively. He says that the eagle was double headed. Nowadays the eagle is headless. We want to research also the meaning of this monument and why it was placed on the wall. We want put forward our researches with comparable objects from other cities. We will dwell on the possibility that this object has not a symbolic function but were placed as a protecting totem.
Key words: Citadel of Cairo, Double headed eagle, Talisman

İçinde bulunduğumuz 2016 yılı Kudüs’ün Osmanlılar tarafından Fethinin 500 yılıdır. Önümüzdeki 2017 yılı ise Kudüs’ün Osmanlı Türk hâkimiyetinden çıkışının 100. Yılıdır.  Sessiz sedasız geçiştirilen fethin yarım binyılı vesilesiyle Kudüs’teki Osmanlı Devleti devrinde yapılan eserler ve özellikle Kanuni Sultan Süleyman’ın Kudüs ile ilgi ve bağlantılarının bilinmeyen yönlerini ele alacağımız bir dizi makaleler hazırladım. Tarih ve düşüncenin önümüzdeki sayılarında bunları yayınlayacağız. 

Osmanlı Devleti’ni yöneten Sultanlar 400 yıl hüküm sürdükleri Arap ülkelerinde birçok mimarî eser¬ler yaptırmışlardır.  Bu eserler üzerine yapılan çalışmaların yetersiz ve eksik olduğunu herkes kabul eder. Bu eserlerin üzerine yurdumuzda toplu bir araştırma yapılamamış olması gerçekten üzüntü vericidir. Kudüs’le İslam dünyası ve bu arada Türkiye Cumhuriyetinin yönetenlerin ilgisi hamaset sınırlarını aşmamıştır dersek abartmış olmayız. 

Özellikle İslam dünyasında kitabeler önemli bir hükümranlık belgesidir. Ortaçağlarda şehri ele geçiren hükümdar şehrin önemli yerlerine bu hükümdarlık belgelerini yerleştirerek şehrin kendisine ait olduğunu belirtir.

Bu eksikliğin  giderilmesi ve ön çalışması olarak dar bir alanda Filistin topraklarındaki Osmanlı kitabe¬leri üzerine yoğunlaş¬arak bunların topluca yayınını gerçekleştirdim. 2004 ve 2006 yılında yaptığım araştırmalar neticesinde İsrail ve Filistin’deki Türk eserleri ve kitabelerini inceleme fırsatını buldum. Osmanlılar zamanında İsrail’de dikilen 120 kadar kitabenin hepsini tespit ettim, fotoğraflarını aldım ve transkripsiyonlarını yaptım. Bu çalışmamız İngili¬zce olarak  (Turkish Jerusalem (1516-1917) Ottoman Inscriptions from Jerusalem and other Palestinian Cities) adı altında kitap olarak yayınlanmıştır.

Turkish Governor Mehmed Pasha was governor pf Jerusalem between the years (1615-1619) and (1626-1633). He was agovernor who was concerned with many buildinga ctivities in Jerualem. he was initiator of 4 sufi centers (Zawiya) and established waqf for the pilgrims and sufis from Anatolia coming to Jerusalem.By doing this, he has contributed that the ties between Jerusalem and ottoamn Centre sterngthened. The building activities of Mehmed Pasha are as follows:
1. Naqshibendiye or Uzbek Zawiya
2. Mewlwi Zawiya
2. Zawiya Asadiya
4. Zawiya Qadriya
5. Restoration works and building activities in harami Sharif.
In this contribution works and building activities of Mehmed Pasah arae introduced.

The Turkish traveller Evliya Çelebi was accustomed to leave a small graffito, or even a skillfully carved inscription, in the places he visited during his long travels across the whole Otto-man World. These traces can be compared with what he recorded in his oceanic Seyahatname and in other writings, a work in progress whose first results are offered in this paper.

The 1916 Arab Revolt Study Day

2nd July 2016

The British Museum

British Museum'daki Arap ayaklanması toplantısından bazı notlar.

Bugün londradaki British Museum'da Hıcaz İsyanının 100. yılına hasredilen  bir toplantı yapıldı. Toplantıya dinleyici olarak katılım ücreti 28 pound yani 150 tl olmasına rağmen salon tıklım tıklım dolu idi. Benimde  konuşmacı olarak katıldığım  toplantıya ayrıca Oxford  Üniversitesinden Eugene Rogan, Irak eski Maliye bakanı Ali Allawi ve yazar James Barr konuşmaları ve söyledikleri oldukça ilginç idi. Konuşmacılar aslında arap isyanının  böyle adlandırılmasının yanlış olduğunu isyanın hicazda sadece belirili bir bölgede rağbet gördüğünü ne İrak ne suriye ve ne de Filistinli aydınların Osmanlıdan ayrılmak gayretinde olmadıklarını vurguladılar. Bunun için bu isyanı çok büyütmemek gerektiğini ingilizlerin desteği olmasa kimse bugün bu isyanı hatırlamazdı konusunda anlaştılar.  Ben konuşmamada Fahrettin paşa üzerinde durdum ve bu isyanın gerçek bir kahramanı varsa bunun paşa olduğunu lawrence'in o kadar büyütülecek bir şeyi olmadığını vurguladım. diğer konuşmacılarda bana katıldılar. salondaki ingilizler fahreddin paşanın ismini ilk defa duydukları belirterek paşa hakkında malumat istediler.  gerçekten ingilterenin kalbinde ufuk açıcı bir toplantı oldu. Türkiyede 1. dünya savaşı ile ilgil onlarca konferans  sempozyumlar yapıldı, hep kendimiz çaldık kendimiz oynadık.  Konuşmacılardan toplantı notlarını makale haline getirmelerini istedim ümit ederim yakında yayınlanır.

10.30 – 11.30: Professor Eugene Rogan

Director of the Middle East Centre at St Antony's College, University of Oxford.

'British Setbacks on the Ottoman Front and the Imperative for an Arab Revolt'



11.30 – 12.00: Coffee



12.00 – 13.00: Professor Ali Allawi

Research Professor at the National University of Singapore.

‘The Arab Revolt and Arab Aspirations for Statehood’



13.00 – 14.00: Lunch



14.00 – 15.00: Dr Mehmet Tütüncü

Chairman of the Research Centre for the Turkish and Arabic World in the Netherlands.

'The Hejaz Railway as a ‘Gamechanger’ during World War I'



15.00 – 15.30: Coffee



15.30 – 16.30:  Dr James Barr

Visiting Fellow, King's College London.

Setting the Desert on Fire – the British and the Arab Revolt, 1916-18

Giriş Gerek Roma, Bizans ve Osmanlı devrinin başkenti olan İstanbul ile gerek Anadolu ve gerekse Balkanlara yapılan seyahatlerde kullanılan yollar büyük önem taşımaktadır. Gerek ticari, gerek askerî ulaşım, haberleşme ve nakliye gibi bir devletin işlevleri bu yollar saye-sinde mümkün olmuştur. Bunun yanında bu güzergâhlar kültür tarihi içinde çok önemlidir. Zira bu yolda yapılan yol üstü yapıları ve yollarda ziyaret edilen yerler aynı zamanda önem-li bir kültürel hafıza görevi de görmektedir. Hem askerî hem de ticaret amaçlı kullanılan bu yollar aynı zamanda semavi dinlerin kutsal şehirleri Kudüs ve Mekke'ye giden hacılarda kullanmışlardır. Hristiyanlar ve Yahudiler için Kudüs'te sona eren bu güzergâhı, Müslü-manlarda aynen kullanmışlar ve Kudüs'ten sonra Mekke'ye devam etmişlerdir. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun ve ondan önceki Bizans İmparatorluğu'nun en mühim ana yollarından biri olan bu güzergâhta bulunan irili ufaklı birçok yol üstü yapıları bulunmaktadır. Bunlar kuyu, çeşme, namazgâh, köprü, cami, kervansaray, misafirhane gibi ayrı ayrı yapılar oldu-ğu gibi yol üstü Külliyeleri olarak da karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu yol üzerinde seyahat eden hacılar için önemli konaklama mekânları, dinlenme alan-ları ve ibadethaneler yapılmıştır. Bu güzergâhta yapılan önemli mimari eserlerin incelen-mesi ve güzergâh yolunun takip edilerek şu andaki konumları ve kalmışsa izlerinin araştı-rılması gerekmektedir. İstanbul ve Körfezin Yoğun nüfus ve endüstrileşmesi bu izleri takip etmeyi oldukça zorlaştırmaktadır. Birçoğu yıkılan ve genişleyen kalabalık şehirlerin içinde kaybolan bu yapılar ve yolların Türkiye'de gerekli şekilde araştırıldığı ve incelendiği söy-lenemez. Araştırmamızda 4 hac menzilnamesi 1 ve Evliya Çelebi'nin Hac seyahatnamesi kaynak olarak kullanarak İstanbul İznik arasındaki menzilleri ve durakları tespit etmeye çalıştık. Ayrıca saha araştırmasıyla da bu menzillerden geriye kalan izleri bulmaya çalıştık. Aşağıda

This paper was published in the proceedings without illustrations. I have added the pictures in this version.  Please quote the published version.  Published Proceedings The Manifestations of History in Nablus 2-3 October 2012,  pp. 13-23

This is an updated version of an article, that was presented in 20015 in Vi. Turkich Cultre Congress and published  in 2009. This publication was done with many very defectives due to the fact that  the Arabic font used was distorted and making it unreadable.
Therefore, after 6 years of publication I have decided to update this article, and add the newly discovered Inscriptions. The article was based on my earlier published books .

In the Islamic Museum in Jerusalem there is a candlestand from the Artuqid times. This bronz candlestand wıth gold and silver inlay is produced in the name of Artuq Arslan (1201-1239) and his son Arslan Gazi. In this paper this candlestand and its ınscriptions wıll be treated and the reason of its creation and its transport to Jerusalem and its relations with Artuqids will be researched.

This is a study and edition of Ottoman Inscriptions in Southern Albania, defined as the
area between Valona and the Greek border. During the last years, many new inscriptions (mainly
tombstones) have been discovered by foreign and local researchers. Known inscriptions from
literature (Evliya Çelebi and others) have been added here to these new discovered inscriptions.
25 inscriptions from the year 1542 BCE until 1897 BCE from the region are published here as part
of the Corpus of Ottoman Inscriptions in Albania. The inscriptions are studied in their historical
and cultural context. They contain information about building activities and the life and culture
of the Ottoman centuries of Albania.

(Not aşağıdaki yazımı yayınlanması için benim ilk makalemin çıktığı Yedikıta dergisine gönderdim. Yedikıta dergisi yayın kurulu polemik konularında yazılar yayınlamadıklarını belirterek yazımı yayınlamadılar. Daha sonra Lowry’nin Yayın Kulunda bulunduğu Osmanlı Araştırmaları dergisine gönderdim. Dergi ise bana verdiği cevapta “İçeriğinde ileri sürülenlerin yeterince iyi organize edilmediği gerekçesi ile maalesef dergimizde yayınlanamayacağına karar verildi.” d‎‎‎iyerek yayınlamayı reddetmiştir.  Konu ile alakalı 2 dergininde çeşitli sebeplerle yayınlamayı reddetmeleri üzerine Barabros Hayrediin Paşa’nın hayatı ile ilgili soruların ve  suçlamaların cevapsız kalmaması için Tarih ve Düşünce dergisine yayınlamak üzere gönderilmiştir. )

Abstract: Oldest Inscription in Turkish Language in Turkey 

In this article, I will share the discovery of the oldest Inscription in Turkish language Turkey.  The Turkish languages oldest Inscriptions were written in 6th Century on Stone by the Turkic Kaghans of Kul Tegin and Tonyukuk in nowadays Mongolia. The Orhun Monuments are the oldest specimens of the Turkish language. The Turkish language was long time not used for writing on Stones. The Turkish Seljuqs, the early Ottomans, Anatolian, and other Turkish Beyliks did not use Turkish but the more prestigious Arabic and Farsi.  The (re-) usage of Turkish language started by the Germiyan Beyliks monuments. The earliest Turkish Inscription after the Orhun Inscriptions was long time believed the Great Stone Waqfiye by Germiyanid Yakub Bey II.  This inscription from 1414 is a great homage after some 700 years to the Turkish Language.  Long time it was believed this was the oldest Inscription (in Turkish Language) in Turkey. We have recently found another inscription, which is from the year 1369 and is in Turkish language. This inscription in Seyitgazi shrine is a Waqfiye of a brother of Yakub Bey II, which is unknown in other sources. In this contribution, an edition of the oldest Turkish inscription in Turkey will be presented with a preliminary study of its contents.

Malta Türk Şehitliği Osmanlılar tarafından Türkiye dışında yapılan şehitliklerden ilklerinden olmasına rağmen Türkiye de hakkında herhangi bir yayın yapılmamıştır.

Bildirimizde Malta’daki şehitliğin bir tanıtımı yapılacak ve burada bulunan kitabeler ve abide ve mezar taşlarındaki yazılar çözümlenecektir. Buradaki verilerden hareket ederek Malta’da birinci dünya savaşında şehit olanların kimlik bilgileri ve geldikleri memleketleri açıklanarak esirlerin nitelik ve nicelikleri incelenecektir. Bu bilgiler bize birinci dünya savaşına katılan Osmanlı askerleri ve geldikleri bölgeler hakkında ilginç ipuçları verecektir. Bildirimizin sonunda İngilizce kitabelerin tercümeleri ve ayrıntılı bilgide verilecektir.

Özet
Bu çalışmada 1924‐1926 yılları arasında Hollanda’nın İzmir başkonsolosu J. A.
Schuurman tarafından, Atatürk’ün 1925’te İzmir’e gelişiyle ilgili olarak hazırlanmış
Hollandaca bir rapor, Türkçeye tercüme edilerek yayınlanmaktadır. Hollanda’da
Milli Arşiv’inde muhafaza edilen bu rapora göre Şapka devriminin Cumhuriyet için
anlamı üzerinde duruluyor. Bu devrimin, şapka ticareti yapan Hollanda firmaları için
bir fırsat olarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiği ifade ediliyor.
Anahtar Kelimeler: İzmir, Atatürk, Şapka Devrimi, J. A. Schuurman
Abstract:
An report on Ataturk reforms in 1925, prepared by J. A. Schuurman, Holland
consul to Smyrna between 1924 and 1926, has been translated into Turkish from
Holland language. In partıcular, the consul focus on the Hat Reform. According to
him, this reform was a commercial opportunity for Holland textile firms.
Key words: Smyrna, Ataturk, Turkish Republic, J. A. Schuurman

Mustafa Kemal’in Pasanin Hollanda arsivlerinde tarafimdan bulunan ve bilinmeyen Mektubu

Hollanda arsivlerinde gectigimiz aylarda 1. Dunya Savasi ile ilgili yaptigim arastirmalarda Mustafa Kemal pasa; ya ait ve Buyuk Millet meclisi baskani sifatiyla Hollanda disileri bakanligina yazilmis bilinmeyen orijinal 2 mektup buldum. 
Hollanda Arşivleri’nde Mustafa Kemal’in İstanbul hükümetinin geçerliliğinin kalmadığını Avrupalı dışişleri bakanlarına bildirdiği Fransızca yazılmış bir mektup bulundu. Mektup ‘Osmanlı Millet Meclisi Başkanı Mustafa Kemal’ imzasını taşıyor...  Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kurucusu Mustafa Kemal Atatürk’ün, Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi’nin açılışından 7 gün sonra ‘Osmanlı Büyük Millet Meclisi Başkanı’ sıfatıyla Hollanda Dışişleri Bakanı’na mektup yazdığı ortaya çıktı. Hollanda Milli Arşivleri’nde bulunan ve ilk kez gün ışığına çıkan 30 Nisan 1920 tarihli belgede, Atatürk, Avrupalılar’a İstanbul hükümetinin kararlarının hukuki değerinin bulunmayacağını bildiriyor.  Fransızca yazılmış Atatürk’ün Hollanda Milli Arşivleri’nde bulunan ve bugüne kadar hiç kamuoyuna yansımayan mektubu ‘Düşünce ve Tarih dergisinin önümüzdeki günlerde yayımlanacak yeni sayısında yer alıyor. Atatürk’ün ‘Osmanlı Büyük Millet Meclisi Başkanı’ sıfatını kullandığı Fransızca mektup, ‘Ekseleansları sayın Hollanda Dışişleri Bakanına’ hitabıyla başlıyor. TBMM’nin açılışından 7 gün sonra kaleme alınan mektupta, özetle şu satırlarlar yer alıyor: “Sayın Bakan, Yüksek bilgilerinize sunmaktan şeref duyarız ki İstanbul şehrinin İtilaf güçlerince haksız ve adaletsiz işgali sonrasında Halife Sultan ve hükümetini esir olarak değerlendiren Osmanlı milleti bir Büyük Millet Meclis toplamaya girişti ve geniş çaplı seçimler gerçekleştirdi. Büyük Millet Meclisi 23 Nisan 1920’deki açılış oturumunda görkemli bir oylama ile Halife Sultan ve ebedi şehri yabancı işgal ve baskısı altında kaldığı sürece vatanın hâlde ve gelecekteki mukadderatını eline aldığını ilan etti.”
Dusunce ve Tarıh Dergısınde orıjinallerı ve Turkceye tercumeleiı yayınlanan mektup 30 Nısan 1920 tarihli. Mektubu tercume edenler Cemalettin Taskıran ve Dr Veysi Karan'a tesekkur ederim.

The Algerian National Hero Abd-el-Kader's struggle and fame came also down to Netherlands. In 1849 Dutch Poet Bernard Ter Haar published a very long (12 pages) poem on Emir Abd-el-Kader. This forgotten and unknown poem is very interesting because it stresses the universal character Emir Abd-el-Kader’s messages. In this contribution, I want to analyse this poem and republish its Dutch original and French translation.

When was the Kazimkarabakir (Gaferyat) Great Mosque Build?
English Summary
Kazimkarabekir vıllage (district) located in the province of Karaman which is also known under its former name Gaferyat  has a mosque which is known for its extraordinarily beautiful mihrap. This mihrap which is made from Seljuqid tiles has attracted many attention of scholars. The Seljuk tiles are an example of the finest craftsmanship. However, the date of construction of the mosque and thís mihrap was always been debated without a conclusion. The mosque is approximately and very roughly dated to the reign of Karamanids. (1260-1480)  In the  mosque there are some architectural elements who can be of help for exactly dating. Above the entrance gate  there are 2 Kufic inscriptions. This inscriptions help us by dating. Because there in Karaman 2 buildings (1 madrasas and 1mosques)  which have the same similar architectural elements and which are dated exactly. These buildings  are built in the years  1356 and 1382. The Gaferyat Ulu Mosque  should be built between these two dates.  .

Dr. Nejat TARAKÇI tarafından kaleme alınan Magrip’teki Şehit Denizcilerimiz: Oruç ve İshak Reis

Milletler ancak köklerine ve dillerine sahip çıkarak tarih sahnesinde kalabilirler. Bu kapsamda yapılabilecek en önemli ve kolay işlerden biri, dünyanın neresinde olursa olsun şehitlere sahip çıkmaktır. Onların mezarlarını kalıcı bir şekilde abat etmek, korumak, onların tarihe mal olan hizmet ve anılarını ziyaret ve anma törenleri ile yeni nesillere aktarmaktır.

When was the Kazimkarabakir (Gaferyat) Great Mosque Build?
English Summary
Kazimkarabekir vıllage (district) located in the province of Karaman which is also known under its former name Gaferyat  has a mosque which is known for its extraordinarily beautiful mihrap. This mihrap which is made from Seljuqid tiles has attracted many attention of scholars. The Seljuk tiles are an example of the finest craftsmanship. However, the date of construction of the mosque and thís mihrap was always been debated without a conclusion. The mosque is approximately and very roughly dated to the reign of Karamanids. (1260-1480)  In the  mosque there are some architectural elements who can be of help for exactly dating. Above the entrance gate  there are 2 Kufic inscriptions. This inscriptions help us by dating. Because there in Karaman 2 buildings (1 madrasas and 1mosques)  which have the same similar architectural elements and which are dated exactly. These buildings  are built in the years  1356 and 1382. The Gaferyat Ulu Mosque  should be built between these two dates.  .

Директор Центра турецко-арабских исследований в Нидерландах Мехмет Тютюнджю (Mehmet Tütüncü) рассказал, что братская могила была установлена по фотографии, полученной от заведующего сектором охраны культурного наследия в городе Винница Михаила Потупчика. «49 раненых в войну османских воинов были взяты в плен, — поведал Тютюнджю. — Пленные были доставлены в резиденцию графа Грохольского в селе Стрижавка. Они прошли лечение, но не выжили. Грохольский установил памятник в их честь в 1881 году с целью увековечить память о турецких воинах-мусульманах. Мы думаем, что Грохольский был впечатлен героизмом солдат. Наши воины, погибшие после того, как были доставлены в Стрижавку, здесь же и были погребены… Со временем кладбище было разрушено, на его месте был создан парк и детский сад. Но надгробие сохранилось во дворе одного дома».

"It is about  the first Musuem of Romanian Harsova, There is discovered a photo with the first collection. The artcile which analyzes the objects is by Cristina Georgta Alexandrescu:
The photo also contains a fragmentary Ottoman inscription. I have written a contribution about this Ottoman inscription "

Cristina-Georgeta Alexandrescu, Bilder einer Austellung: Dokumente über das erste Museum in Hârsova (p. 305-318)
Eine vor Kurzem im Klosterarchiv Maria-Einsiedeln (Schweiz) gefundene Aufnahme vom ersten Museum in Hâr?ova bot den Anlass für die im folgenden Beitrag präsentierte Untersuchung. Dabei sind die noch erhaltenen Informationen zum ersten Museum der Stadt zusammengestellt worden, das in den ersten Jahre des 20. Jhs. von Lehrer V.I. Cotovu gegründet wurde. Die Schriften von Vasile Pârvan und die Reiseberichte des katholischen Erzbischofs von Bukarest, Raymund Netzhammer, sind, zusammen mit dem genannten Photo die Hauptinformationsquellen bzw. die einzige Dokumentation einiger römischen Steininschriften (Bauinschriften - Nr. 1 und 2; Grabinschriften – Nr. 4-6) und Bauornamentikteile (Nr. 7-10) aus verschiedenen antiken Stätten in der Dobrudscha. Zudem sind eine türkische Inschrift (Nr. 3) aus dem 16./17.Jh. n. Chr. und ihre Übersetzung präsentiert.