Ana Serrano Tellería

Desde la creación de los primeros medios periodísticos en internet en la
década de los 90 –cibermedios-, el diseño de sus portadas y/o páginas de
inicio ha experimentado una lenta evolución. Por ello, rescatamos para esta comunicación las principales directrices, ficha de análisis y conclusiones generales de la tesis defendida en 2010, Premio Extraordinario de Doctorado en 2012.

Outstanding challenges in Journalism are centred on business models, changing audience’s practices, declining audiences, of print sales and the access to media by its homepage, mobile first acclaimed strategies, the ever-changing algorithm parameters of Social Media that directly affect the access and distribution of media content, the increase relevance of personalization in content and channel distribution (mobile applications, podcasts, messages, newsletters, etc.) (Doctor, 2016; Hazard Owen, 2016; Lichterman, 2016); the inherent and outstanding differences between broadcast, print, mobile, online and social media ecologies, ambient and technological environments (Wang, 2016); the urgent need to recover core values of journalism like ethics, quality, credibility and transparency, in relation also to start-ups, crowdsourcing and entrepreneurial successful initiatives; the notion of ‘news as a product’ (Bilton, 2016); and the balance between adblocking, native and sponsored advertising and content.
Thus, essential individual traits, skills and mind-set, the future of journalism is foreseen in the form of professionals who (alone or in collaboration) are able to monetise content in innovative ways, connect to its publics in interactive new formats, grasps opportunities and respond to (and shape), its environment (Briggs, 2012). Then, the abilities needed are: Produce on multiple platforms, understand the economics, build your brand, master match (filter, organize), clean and copy (curate), learn basic coding, know your audience and engage on social media (Albeanu, 2015; García, 2015b; Gourarie, 2015; Harding, 2015; Kramer, 2015; Klein, 2015; Levin, 2015; Parker, 2015; Peer, 2015; Powers, 2015; Rajan, 2015; Stern, 2015; Sterns, 2015).
In the Media Life (Deuze, 2012), the Design Thinking approach would capture the specific aspects and features related to the interface design and the creation of content, genres, formats and models; the affective and rational considerations and descriptions of the media as artefacts, activities and arrangements as well as the user behaviour between actions and affordances, animations and performances (Serrano Tellería, 2016).

Keywords: Cyberjournalism, Design Thinking, Online Journalism

Ao analisar os comportamentos dos utilizadores através das mídias sociais, Hermida (2014) conclui que nestes ambientes observa-se claramente a natural predisposição humana para partilhar. Neste sentido, Rheingold (2012) discrimina cinco dimensões da literacia digital: Atenção; capacidade de detecção de lixo; participação; colaboração e uso inteligente das redes. O autor destaca também as quatro propriedades de qualquer rede social: persistência; replicabilidade; escalabilidade e capacidade de ser pesquisado; adicionando a importância de estar consciente do que nós compartilhamos e com quem (na medida em que por trás das redes, existem audiências invisíveis e entrecruzadas, insuspeitadas entre o público e o privado – apontado assim mesmo por Boyd, 2014 -). Com uma perspetiva semelhante, Brake (2014) enfatiza a relevância do tempo e da memória, onde a acessibilidade, a durabilidade, a integralidade, a desigualdade e evolução são as principais características a ter em conta. Lembrando-se do processo metodológico de abordagem ecológica de McLuhan, Ling (2008) concluiu que o telemóvel, multidimensional, gera uma interação mediada que ocupa o mesmo lugar, se não mesmo uma posição de topo, nas mentes dos indivíduos (ibid: 168). O conceito de gestão de privacidade em redes foi referido por Campbell (2014) como "Networked Privatism”. Marwick (2013) e Boyd (2014), por sua vez, empregaram o termo similar "Networked Privacy"para descrever as negociações emergentes dentro de ambientes específicos (dispositivos-mídias) e as esferas líquidas (Serrano Tellería, Oliveira; 2015) ou as constelações (Serrano Tellería, 2015). Características específicas têm sido observadas em relação ao ecossistema móvel. Características gerais e relevantes do conteúdo on-line e das mídias digitais são a hipertextualidade, interatividade, multimedialidade e usabilidade. O ecossistema móvel acrescenta ubiquidade à fluidez, transitoriedade, reticularidade e dissolução de fronteiras definidas por Bauman (2005) na vida líquida moderna. Ele ainda se caracteriza pela "spreadability" e pela tensão entre a cultura de massa e colaborativa dentro de si (Jenkins, Ford & Green, 2013). Aguado et al. (2013) traçaram um paralelo entre esses recursos e da vida líquida moderna. A metáfora de Bauman da vida líquida, de acordo com a lógica da sociedade de consumo, prevê uma contrapartida útil para tratar de algumas das características de mobilidade. Além da correlação entre o impacto da tecnologia digital e os recursos digitais da sociedade líquida (que remete para as reflexões sobre a aceleração, deslocamento, do consumo e do papel da identidade), os meios de comunicação móveis encaixam-se particularmente nos parâmetros de fluidificação das dimensões tecnológico, institucional e cultural dos mídias previamente descritos por McQuail (2006; Aguado et al, 2013). Dadas estas características do ecossistema móvel dos mídias na Internet, uma vez que já foi efetuado uma primeira abordagem da análise das redes sociais através do Twitter no capítulo anterior (Serrano Tellería,
Pereira; 2015); optou-se por aprofundar nas conversas que surgem entre os utilizadores neste ambiente fluido e em constante evolução como técnica metodológica para poder apreciar o desenvolvimento dos utilizadores por meio das mesmas aplicações, meios e plataformas que os amoldam.

Palavras-chave: reddit; privacidade; smartphones.

As reflexões académicas em torno de como as redes sociais e as aplicações, media e plataformas amoldam a configuração dos nossos perfis e identidades digitais, para além também das suas potencialidades para influenciar as nossas identidades online – e offline – (Van Dick, 2013); referem-se, principalmente, às Mediated Memories – Normative Discursive Strategies – (Van Dijck, 2007, p.22) e às Terministic Screens (Markham, 2013). Estas chamam a atenção para como os filtros nos permitem expressar em certos aspetos, mas não em outros. Os filtros podem ser tecnológicos, culturais ou cognitivos, ou podem ser uma combinação destes (Filtered Reality, Filtered World;Walker Rettberg, 2014). Os perfis dos media sociais não são um reflexo da própria identidade, ou estádios neutros de auto desempenho, nem são um meio de autoexpressão
(Horning, 2014) - são as próprias ferramentas para formar as identidades
(Van Dijck, 2013). "A fusão de autoexpressão, a autocomunicação e autopromoção numa ferramenta, que é posteriormente utilizada para avaliação da personalidade e do comportamento da manipulação, deve sensibilizar os utilizadores nos seus diferentes papéis como cidadãos, amigos, empregados, empregadores, etc."(Van Dijck, 2013). Para além disso, a tecnologia descrita como a Architecture of Intimacy (Turkle, 2011), Architecture of Disclosure (Facebook: Marichal; 2012), onde a quantificação métrica prescreve a interação social (Desire for more – Facebook: Grosser de 2014), e a possibilidade de receber estímulos de todos os tipos constantemente e o ‘Design de Exposição’ (Serrano Tellería, 2014; 2015a) influencia constantemente a forma de estabelecer o nível de prioridade corretamente, bem como a forma de proteger a sua privacidade em diferentes camadas e estágios de acordo com suas possibilidades (Serrano Tellería, Oliveira; 2015; Serrano Tellería, 2015b). Apresentam-se neste trabalho os resultados de uma análise de conteúdo realizado sobre as contas pessoais de oito utilizadores portugueses (Covilhã, Beira Interior) no Instagram durante dois meses (Dezembro 2014 e Janeiro de 2015). Os objetivos principais foram perceber tanto as caraterísticas das imagens e mensagens complementários partilhados na rede como as próprias dinâmicas de ação e interação. O corpus foi composto por 884 imagens e analisado em base aos elementos e pessoas que compõem a imagem, os animais e as paisagens, a cenografia e a localização, o grado de exposição, as modulações da intimidade e as estratégias de visibilidade. A modo de conclusões gerais, através do conteúdo e formato das imagens como das dinâmicas de publicação dos utilizadores analisados, apercebe-se o Instagram como uma plataforma que serve de diário pessoal ou registo da vida no formato de memória digital, onde se misturam aspetos da vida profissional e pública com outros da vida íntima e privada a diferentes níveis (amigos e família), sem que haja uma clara definição de fronteiras ou limites.

Palavras-chave: Instagram; privacidade; smartphones.

Os estudos das redes sociais como aplicações, meios e plataformas que amoldam a configuração dos nossos perfis e identidades digitais, para além das suas potencialidades para influenciar as nossas identidades online – e offline – (Van Dick, 2013) apontam para uma série de articulações e características que tentam descrever as circunstâncias em que os utilizadores se desenvolvem neste ambiente online. Descrito como líquido (Serrano Tellería, Oliveira; 2015), a ecologia de mídias digitais
caracteriza-se por a negociação constante de regras cujas normas e valores não são claras, tratando-se de um modelo descentralizado com um formato multimídia e flexível – e m constante mudança, actualizado, corrigido e revisto – cujo conteúdo é insensível à distância, não-linear, e que tem uma base em diversas fontes de recursos com audiências fragmentadas, e cujos comentários são valiosos e a ter em mente (Kawamoto, 2003: 33). Portanto, as características das mídias digitais são líquidas já que nenhumas das suas fronteiras são delimitadas e estão constantemente a ser negociadas. Para além do mais, a mesma delimitação pode ser considerada inútil se tivermos em mente que o conteúdo flui em diversas fontes de recursos e audiências fragmentadas
– dispostos a expandir – (Serrano Tellería, 2015a). Se aprofundarmos como estas aplicações, meios e plataformas articulam as ações dos utilizadores e caracterizam as circunstâncias do seu desenvolvimento online; encontramos que as reflexões académicas referem-se, principalmente, às “mediated memories” – “normative discursive strategies” - (Van Dijck, 2007: 22) e às “terministic screens” – (Markham, 2013). Estas chamam a atenção para como os filtros permitem expressarmo-nos em certos aspetos, mas não em outros. "Na cultura algorítmica de hoje, o filtro tornou-se uma metáfora difundida para as formas em que a tecnologia pode remover determinado conteúdo e como ele pode alterar ou distorcer textos, imagens e dados”. A tecnologia tem sido descrita como "Architecture of Intimacy"(Turkle, 2011) e nos meios de comunicação social, redes sociais, como a “Architecture of Disclosure” (Facebook: Marichal, 2012), onde a quantificação métrica prescreve a interação social ("Desire for more- Facebook: Grosser de 2014). Ambos parecem ser os jogadores poderosos da formação do comportamento normativo (“Normative Behaviour”, Linkedin e Facebook: Van Dijck, 2013). Além disso, a incluir a possibilidade de receber estímulos de todos os tipos e o ‘Design de Exposição’ (Serrano Tellería, 2014; 2015a) influencia constantemente a forma de estabelecer o nível de prioridade correctamente, bem como a forma de proteger a sua privacidade em diferentes camadas e estágios de acordo com suas possibilidades (Serrano Tellería, Oliveira; 2015; Serrano Tellería, 2015b). Apresentamos neste trabalho os resultados da análise da rede Twitter através do software de tratamento de texto Netlyc que permitiu classificar os tweets e identificar os hashtags relevantes para o estudo. O objetivo foi tentar perceber que tensões existem na rede entre as concepções do público e do privado. Os resultados gerais apontam a um conjunto de estratégias e ferramentas para a privacidade; principalmente, a traves da partilha entre os utilizadores de diversos artigos que revelam as suas principais preocupações.

Palavras-chave: Twitter; privacidade; smartphones.

An issue that is repeatedly discussed in Media Studies is the way in which the media field establishes a meaningful order in a social universe in continuous flux, particularly through news reports. The question that arises is: how do the media and those who work within them record the many events of this constantly changing process within an ordered universe of meaning? How do media professionals introduce order and meaning to a universe that is constantly changing, in which the emergence of the contingent and random is an ever-present possibility? The question refers to a key issue: how do the media shape social reality?
Additionally, we must understand what it means to be public. How does voice matter in the online public sphere following the redefined categories of public and private? Will the balance between authenticity and anonymity, intimacy, privacy and functionality delimit the public and the private, intimate and personal spheres? Or are we dealing with a struggle between obscurity and a hypervisibility that enables us to reach the spotlight of attention? Our main concern is naturally with journalism, considering the changes seen in the field.
According to our perspective, online communication and user performance in the mobile environment have produced a wide range of possibilities concerning time and space. Within this ever-changing ecosystem of coordinates in real and virtual worlds, users seem to have different kinds of perceptions about what was traditionally considered “public, private, intimate and personal”. Emotion management and technological literacy appear to play key roles, while concepts like anonymity, authenticity, intimacy, identity and the self, flow intermittently within this media ecology.

Keywords: Meaning crisis, Participatory media, Media literacy, Public sphere, Digital citizenship

https://www.routledge.com/Between-the-Public-and-Private-in-Mobile-Communication/Serrano-Telleria/p/book/9781138225558

The internet as a medium, the technologies that support it, the media that serve as the interface between the public and private spheres and the mobile devices that connect us and locate us within an ecosystem that is constantly being built and updated present a world of opportunities for prolific civic participation. Developing participation skills involves increasing cooperation based on (among other aspects) awareness of the role that social media play in amplifying human action, and intelligent use of networks that boosts trust in them. However, there are also many specific challenges posed by these environments, especially facing younger people.
Based on a literature review dealing with the practices of European and North American teenagers and a qualitative analysis of three focus groups of Portuguese teenagers, it has been found that young people tend to use a set of privacy control strategies, although they are weak strategies.
The study carried out also reveals a false feeling of control over privacy, with young people highlighting that the danger posed by social networks (including, for some, serious situations that cause a violation of privacy) depends largely on the choices made by those who use them and what they post on them. They therefore demonstrate a lack of awareness about invisible or imagined audiences, as well as the characteristics of social media. Finally, and in relation to the above, the idea that there is an awareness, albeit a diffuse awareness, of the risks inherent to using social networks prevails, but it does not lead people to use all the appropriate behaviour.
Based on these findings, we present a proposed syllabus for educating for privacy designed for young people in secondary education aged 13-17 with the aim of developing: i) digital literacy skills, which include knowledge about content remaining on the internet, the reality of digital footprints, the ambiguity and complexity of privacy policies, among others, and steps that include exercising critical evaluation, training economy of attention and self-regulation of learning strategies; ii) ethical and axiological skills, namely respect for oneself and for others in digital ecosystems; and iii) social skills translated into civic, responsible participation on new media. Learning focused on students will also be favoured, using strategies such as guided discovery, problem solving, case studies and cooperative learning.
What is original about this proposal is that it is part of the broader scope of education for new citizenship, understood as a process that involves the different aspects of the human person and that should tend to move towards/culminate in common, consented public action. It is not only about helping young people develop awareness about the opportunities offered by new media and the ability to deal with them in terms of exposing themselves appropriately in the public space, but also providing them with the tools to exercise their citizenship more effectively as part of their personal development.

Keywords: Privacy, Exposure, Visibility, Digital ecosystem, Digital citizenship, Development of digital literacy, Ethical and axiological and social skills.

https://www.routledge.com/Between-the-Public-and-Private-in-Mobile-Communication/Serrano-Telleria/p/book/9781138225558

Mobile devices’ impact on daily life has raised relevant questions regarding public and private space and communication. Both the technological environment (operating systems, platforms, apps) and media ecosystems (interface design, participatory culture, social media) influence how users deal with the public and private, intimate and personal spheres. Leading researchers in communication, art, computer engineering, education, law, sociology, philosophy, and psychology here explore current methodologies for studying the dichotomy of the public and private in mobile communication, providing a foundation for further research.

Similarly to the Matrix comparison, Mark Deuze (2012) mentioned The Truman Show when explaining how we are increasingly living ‘in’ the media, like a fish in water, rather than ‘with’ the media, as we did before. We consider that similarity is a suitable parameter to describe the process of technological appropriation that McLuhan labels as ‘ecological’. In this respect, we refer to Vilém Flusser’s Homo Ludens and his thoughts on how “for the first time, technologies are simulating the nervous system” (1988). Bauman’s liquidity (2005) flows into technology as well, which is specifically studied in connection with mobile devices and media (Aguado, Feijóo & Martínez, 2013; Serrano Tellería, 2015a, 2015b). Thus, a challenging ecosystem surrounds users, who already exhibit some alerting behaviors like the ‘fear of missing out’ (Turkle, 2011; Rosen, 2013), continuous partial attention (Stone, 2002-2014), lack of rationality in some attitudes and performances, limitations in the extension between knowledge and action, and strong circumstantial pattern behavior (Serrano Tellería, 2015a, 2015b). The ambiguity and volatility of most ‘terms and conditions’ of apps, developers, platforms and software environments should be further considered (Serrano Tellería & Oliveira, 2015).

CARVALHEIRO, J; (ORG); FIDALGO, A; CORREIA, J; BRANCO, ML; CANAVILHAS, J; SERRANO TELLERÍA, A; ET AL. (2015). A NOVA FLUIDEZ DE UMA VELHA DICOTOMIA: PÚBLICO E PRIVADO NAS COMUNICAÇÕES MÓVEIS. Covilhã, Portugal: LabCom Books, University of Beira Interior. ISBN: 978-989-654-212-2. (DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.4871.6001). URL [http://www.labcom-ifp.ubi.pt/livro/133]
(NEW FLOWING OF AN OLD DICHOTOMY: PUBLIC AND PRIVATE IN MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS)

Media is everywhere and we live immerse “in” it (Deuze, 2012). Interface design is working on diluting boundaries between human and machines (HCI), incorporating the devices in our daily life by ful lling our motivations and, at the same time, generating interactions to arise them.
Wonder, love, hate, desire, joy, and sadness; the six primary passions of the soul described by Descartes (1649) are increasingly incorporated in the mobile interface design and construction of messages, altering the way our brain, and speci cally our memory, deals with general content and personal data.
It has already been proven the connection between emotions and health, being our brain the technology that links both (MIT). Also it has been recently demonstrated the relation between memories and place – process of episodic memory formation - (Meyer, 2014). Then, we have wearable technologies and media life, o ering constant motivations to our desires and feelings. Therefore, as much as they could ful ll them, we would incorporate them too in our routine. Thus, emotion and motivation seem to be key elements and technologies should work as our brain to stablish the proper connection between users and interfaces.

Mobile communication and devices have raised a series of challenges concerning the delimitation of public and private, intimate and personal spheres. Specifically, and because of its close connection to the nervous system and emotions, these devices allow a wide variety of affordances while, and in accordance to the broad scope of previous dimensions, a series of worrying risks – because of the same relationship and interdependence between users' rational and sensorial sides. Thus, an international state of the art review will be discussed and the results and conclusions of the ‘Public and Private in Mobile Communications' European FEDER will be offered. A range of quantitative and qualitative methodologies were applied: surveys about general use and habits, personal data and images; focus groups; interviews in person and by telephone; content analysis with a special focus on social media and an observation ethnography and digital ethnography.
Preview: Google Books

¿Qué quiero enseñar a mis alumnos? En primer lugar, los valores intrínsecos al Periodismo, el Código Ético y Deontológico. En segundo, la evolución hacia la alfabetización digital y el cambio de paradigma en el ecosistema mediático. En tercero, la creación de contenido en diversos formatos y plataformas desde el marco teórico hacia la realización práctica de proyectos concretos.
¿Cuál será mi labor? La de acompañante y guía metodológica en el análisis e implementación de sus iniciativas, donde el reto radica en complementar los diferentes perfiles (investigador, técnico, etc.) y fomentar el valor intrínseco de la colaboración como clave en el aprendizaje y desarrollo de competencias, tales como la empatía y el liderazgo, ejes transversales de la sociedad en red.
En relación al Código Ético y Deontológico así como a los valores, sugiero una actualización de los contenidos y perspectiva que incluya las diferentes vías y propuestas en torno a las actuales políticas de Copyright, Creative Commons y Crowdsourcing; profundizar en las estrategias para verificar los contenidos y las fuentes, realzando la calidad y originalidad como sello distintivo e innovador.
Del mismo modo que aprendimos a escribir, debemos ahora adaptar nuestras aptitudes profesionales a una gramática y lenguaje donde la arquitectura de la información y el hipertexto podrían catalogarse como sus homólogos. Se trata de repensar no sólo el modo de creación y presentación de contenidos, sino también el de entender una ecología mediática caracterizada, entre otros, por el contacto permanente y la movilidad. En nuestro caso específico, la abundancia de información, la inmediatez, la credibilidad, el modelo de negocio y  el determinismo tecnológico, completan el ambiente y estructura.
Por ello, quiero que mis alumnos se distancien y se diferencien, que no sean “el burro corriendo detrás de la zanahoria”; ya que, esa carrera hacia el branding y los “fuegos de artificio” de los nuevos avances tecnológicos, repercutirá en el tiempo dedicado a crear, investigar, seleccionar, verificar, etc.; es decir, el porqué de nuestra profesión como periodistas. Precisamente, las tendencias ya apuntan hacia la contratación de nuestro perfil para curar el contenido y, de este modo, generar la marca diferencial entre las aplicaciones, empresas, plataformas, grupos y sinergias, etc.
La impartición de la asignatura ‘Cibercultura’ a los alumnos de la Licenciatura en Comunicación, Periodismo y Diseño Multimédia me ha permitido identificar cuán importante es para nuestros alumnos reflexionar tanto sobre el ambiente tecnológico como el ecosistema mediático desde una perspectiva global.
La elaboración de sus propios proyectos nos permitirá poner en práctica el reto de la búsqueda de empleo. Parece que las empresas siguen en la idea de encontrar los beneficios a través de la publicidad, incluso importantes grupos mediáticos en relación a su próxima colaboración con Google, cuando los indicios nos apuntan a un posible cambio de paradigma a todos los niveles. El espíritu emprendedor y la colaboración empresa-universidad para desenvolver y testar todo tipo de iniciativas permitirían la creación de un laboratorio donde puedan llevarse a cabo y probar apuestas arriesgadas e innovadoras.
Plataformas como Facebook y los dispositivos móviles abarcan el acceso al contenido e información periodística; si bien, ¿quién la elabora en su origen? Nuestros alumnos nativos digitales pueden ofrecer esas habilidades e intuición de raíz mientras que la universidad, por su parte, ofrece el bagaje del espíritu crítico y la creación del conocimiento en perspectiva. La falta de credibilidad en la información generada por las empresas de comunicación apunta, en nuestra opinión, al elemento clave que falla en la cadena de valor; existiendo ya iniciativas que con éxito han apostado por la calidad y la diferenciación de sus contenidos. Mi propuesta, otra vuelta de tuerca.

Bibliografía: algunas noticias de interés relacionadas.
Breiner, James (2015). “8 practices of successful entrepreneurial journalists”. In: News Entrepreneurs – Blog by the author-. June 2, 2015. URL [http://newsentrepreneurs.blogspot.com.es/2015/06/7-practices-of-successful.html#more].
“Digital News Report 2015”. Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. University of Oxford. URL [http://www.digitalnewsreport.org/].
Dredge, Stuart (2015). “Apple News app to rely on editors rather than algorithms for curation”. In: The Guardian. June 16, 2015. URL [http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/jun/16/apple-news-app-editors-curation?CMP=share_btn_tw].
Doctor, Ken (2015). “Newsonomics: Could a small Google tech change mean tens of millions to news publishers?” In: NiemanLab. June 18, 2015. URL [http://www.niemanlab.org/2015/06/newsonomics-could-a-small-google-tech-change-mean-tens-of-millions-to-news-publishers/]
Honan, Mat (2015). “This Is Twitter’s Top Secret Project Lightning”. In: BuzzfeedNews.com. June 18, 2015. URL [http://www.buzzfeed.com/mathonan/twitters-top-secret-project-lightning-revealed#.gtv00Yvx0R]
Lichterman, Joseph (2015). “Google and Storyful are launching YouTube Newswire, a feed of verified user-generated videos”. In: NiemanLab. June 18, 2015. URL [http://www.niemanlab.org/2015/06/google-and-storyful-are-launching-youtube-newswire-a-feed-of-verified-user-generated-videos/].
Mullin, Benjamin (2015). “Twitter is hiring people with ‘newsroom backgrounds’ as real-time curators”. In: Poynter.org. June 18, 2015. URL [http://www.poynter.org/news/mediawire/351987/twitter-is-hiring-people-with-newsroom-backgrounds-as-real-time-curators/]
Weingarten, Gene (2011) “How branding is ruining journalism”. In: The Washington Post, Magazine. June 23, 2011. URL [http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/magazine/gene-weingarten-how-branding-is-ruining-journalism/2011/06/07/AGBegthH_story.html?postshare=8051434479180968].

The (re)construction of the user profile and the digital identity resulting from both conscious and unconscious activity on the Internet is directly linked to the process of creation and diffusion of content. Many times, neither the users-prosumers are aware of this process nor are the authors cognizant of the original content, as new authors – humans as well as machines - cover the relations established between the users, their content, their activity online and the combination of these. Big data and information economy are not just consequences of the possibility of collecting as much information as possible about users. Instead, they provide a quasi unlimited means of mapping and shaping every movement of our behavior and lives through devices and technologies. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to understand how users handle this liquid ecosystem and its relationship with the evolution of mobile content, considering the different rhythms and dimensions.
Preview: Google Books

Resumo:
A dicotomia cidade-urbanismo versus casa-lar, a organização dos espaços público e privado e a produção de conteúdos como construção e definição do espaço individual são a ignição da análise imagética e influenciam a configuração do espaço físico. Este capítulo reparte-se entre uma reflexão teórica – envolvendo o Homem, o espaço físico e a utilização de smartphones – e uma exegese visual de fotografias capturadas por estes dispositivos de comunicação móvel e exibidas voluntariamente por celebridades nas redes Facebook, Twitter e Instagram. Pretende-se evidenciar a forma como as celebridades lidam com os conceitos de público e privado, representam o self e expõem as suas dinâmicas diárias, nomeadamente nas redes sociais. Visível é a crescente publicitação do privado a par da privatização do público num contexto de microcosmo tecnológico.

Palavras-chave: espaço, celebridades, redes sociais, instagram.

Resumo:
A internet como meio, as tecnologias que a sustentam, os media que servem de interface entre a esfera pública e privada e os dispositivos móveis que nos ligam e localizam num ecossistema em permanente construção e atualização apresentam um mundo de possibilidades para uma participação cívica prolífera. Contudo, são também múltiplos e específicos os desafios colocados por um ambiente caracterizado, principalmente, pela sua capacidade de amplificação. Mediante uma revisão da literatura e uma análise qualitativa de um grupo de foco com adolescentes, apresentamos um contributo para uma futura proposta curricular de educação para a privacidade, identificando algumas competências a desenvolver.

Palavras-chave: privacidade, exposição, visibilidade, competências, espaço digital, cidadania digital.

Online communication and user performance in the mobile
environment have produced a wide range of possibilities concerning time and space. Within this ever-changing ecosystem of coordinates in real and virtual worlds that are being altered and/or juxtaposed, users seem to experience different kinds of perceptions about what was traditionally
considered ‘public’ and ‘private’. In this gradation, emotion
management and technological literacy appear to play key roles, while concepts like anonymity, authenticity, intimacy, identity or the Self flow intermittently in this media ecology.
Users’ management of content and information, as well as the Self and social networking, have proved to be prominent aspects to consider. On the one hand, the fluidity of identity, cellular and nomadic intimacy, network privatism and the tethered, tutored and quantified Self should be highlighted. On the other hand, continuous partial attention, multitasking
and/or multiplexing performance, the relationship between memories and places, the limitation of the impact of users’ knowledge on their actions, strong circumstantial pattern behavior, the relevance of temporal priority in digital literacy and the lack of rationality in some attitudes and performances have become ingrained in users’ behavior online.

Moreover, this media ecology is framed by the ambiguity and volatility of overall ‘personal policies’ and ‘terms and conditions’, which are added the liquidity and mobility of our society and technology itself and the architecture of exposure (of disclosure/intimacy) to the interface design of mobile communication and devices. Therefore, a reflection is proposed on the concepts of ‘liquid spheres’ or ‘constellations’ as a way
of describing this dissolution of boundaries. The discussion is based on an international state of the art review as well as on the results of the project ‘Public and Private in Mobile Communications’, while applying quantitative and qualitative methods and focusing on Portugal.

Keywords: Mobile Devices, Liquid Spheres, Constellations of Spheres, Online Identity, Online Privacy, Online Publicity, Online Intimacy, User Profile.

This chapter was born with the aim of reflecting about the concepts of ubiquitous TV and liquid spheres. First one is defined by its ability to offer content access anytime anywhere; while second one emerged from Bauman’s liquid perception of modern society. Specifically, liquid spheres reflected the user performance in the era of mobile communication. Journalism genres, due to its defining features, have been adjusting to a mobile and online ecosystem that demands from its narrative tension, its ability to adapt to the new user requirements and to the media landscape. The internment flow of information affected the specific resources of a narrative to generate and maintain the interest and climax of a story as well as to incorporate the prosumer presence in the value chain. Moreover, users management of content and information on the Internet have showed prominent aspects to bear in mind like the continuous partial attention, the multitask, the multiplexing, the fluidity of identity, the cellular and nomadic intimacy, the relation between memories and place, the limitations in the extension between knowledge and action, the strong circumstantial pattern behaviour, the relevance of temporal priority in the digital literacy, the lack of rationality in some attitudes and performances, the ambiguity and volatility of the ‘Personal Policies’ and ‘Terms and Conditions’, adding the liquidity and mobility of our society and technology itself as well as the architecture of exposure in the interface design of mobile communication.

Os dados recolhidos a partir dos perfis e das identidades digitais tornaram-se uma moeda valiosa para o ecossistema móvel, especialmente entre utilizadores e detentores dos serviços. Os serviços são descritos como a base da infraestrutura, que estão em ligação direta com as camadas intermediárias das redes, plataformas e aplicações. O
debate entre a fronteira do que é propriedade do serviço e a propriedade dos dados, bem como a proteção da privacidade, é mostrado como indefinido e instável. Portanto, realizamos uma análise comparativa entre os termos de privacidade e condições, bem como a interrelação entre os
sistemas operativos móveis (Apple iOS, Google Android, Blackberry e Windows Phone), as plataformas de redes sociais (Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter e Google+) e as aplicações de serviços de mensagens (Instagram, WhatsApp, Line e Vine), tendo como principal foco as questões de privacidade. Estudamos também as principais diferenças entre os
sistemas operativos “fechados” e de “código aberto” com maior penetração no mercado: Apple iOS (ambiente fechado) e Google Android (ambiente aberto) porque mudaram o paradigma e o design da estrutura da plataforma e respetivas aplicações. As esferas líquidas observadas variam desde uma primeira abordagem, em que se tenta controlar todas as ações e informações pessoais a partir do sistema operativo, e uma segunda que permite que as ações do utilizador e respetivas informações possam ser suscetíveis de interagir com outras aplicações e serviços, enquanto o sistema estiver ligado a plataformas de agregação de informações que recolhe os dados. Alguns aspetos a destacar foram as várias fases de sincronização entre os diferentes níveis de informações pessoais (contactos, perfil, identidade digital e localização). Incidindo sobre o caso Português, outras conclusões complementares foram obtidas a partir de grupos de foco e inquérito, que demostram um comportamento padrão circunstancial forte e uma preocupação com questões de privacidade. Notou-se o cuidado nalgumas ações, como verificar se havia termos e condições envolvidas – que eram demasiado ambíguos –, mas não havia predisposição para os ler na integra. Nesses grupos de foco, e tal como corroborado por outras pesquisas internacionais anteriores, foi evidente a falta de racionalidade nalgumas atitudes e ações, bem como limitações na compreensão entre conhecimento, divulgação e responsabilidade.

From the concept of technology intimacy which describes four levels / dimensions of interaction between Human Being and technology (internal perspective, external extension, interpersonal interactions and societal reflection), proposed by Boyce and Hancock; the state of the art concerning mobile phones and its interface design is analyzed. To propose a beta methodology, issues increasingly pressing concerning the delimitation of public and private spheres and the interaction in the common space as well as the alteration of space and time dimensions and changes in the perception and the way Human Being relate with the ecosystem due to the incorporation of mobile phones in the daily life have been considered. Our personal information has become the new Internet content value while European Union Commission is working on the ‘Right to be Forgotten’ and the common user is dealing with a different case law and legal framework between the U.S. and Europe. Therefore, to try to clarify the techniques and strategies developed by different applications, devices and platforms, we propose a thorough review of the state of art in these four dimensions mentioned at the beginning of the abstract. We assume that breaking down the information and results of previous studies based on these four levels or dimensions stages, we would be able to uncover and conclude better both intentions and objectives achieved in the design of an interface. This methodology will include also a comparative analysis between the terms of privacy of each application, device or platform and its physical embodiment in the design. First conclusions show a search for personal information that users not always realizes about, reason why to develop this research.

De diversos formatos y herramientas (PDF, Flash, Html y CSS), las revistas on-line han ido adaptándose a internet y sus plataformas (fijas y móviles) inluenciadas, al igual que otros medios de información, por la tecnología que permite alcanzar ciertos objetivos comunicativos.  Debido al marco coyuntural convulso que nos rodea  – crisis económica, empresarial y profesional, de cambio en el paradigma comunicativo y en el pensamiento humano –,  la aparición de nuevos soportes y herramientas condiciona aún más la búsqueda del modelo de negocio en la red y, en consecuencia, la práctica periodística y su diseño; si bien,  la búsqueda de la originalidad y la experimentación también pueden favorecer la superación de estas diicultades. Proponemos, en este artículo, una metodología de análisis para el diseño de nodos iniciales que nos permita profundizar en las tendencias y patrones profesionales.

Desde que en 1990 surgieran los primeros cibermedios, el diseño de los mismos ha ido adaptándose a los contenidos que ofrece y a la evolución tecnológica del soporte; si bien, los citados avances se han producido mayoritariamente fuera del entorno periodístico donde las empresas, en general, aún no han encontrado su modelo de negocio. Hemos asistido en su evolución a la emancipación de cierto contenido de su versión impresa mediante el género de la infografía, principalmente, así como la incorporación de ciertos recursos multimedia y de participación del usuario; agente activo en la producción de contenido, modificando la estructura hasta ahora conocida de emisor-receptor en un entorno que ofrece aún más posibilidades para la creación y difusión de la información. Mediante la elaboración de una ficha en la que recogemos las teorías y directrices académicas respecto al empleo del color, la tipografía, los recursos gráficos, la arquitectura, diseño y visualización de la información, hemos analizado los nodos iniciales de Elpais.com, Elmundo.es, Elcorreo.com, Lavanguardia.es y Elperiodico.com; realizando un estudio comparativo con otros cibermedios mundiales que nos ayudaron a ampliar horizontes y perspectivas como Lemonde.fr, Guardian.co.uk, Bild.de, Nytimes.com, Clarin.com, Oglobo.oglobo.com, Reforma.com, Emol.com, Asahi.com y Asahi.com/english. A fecha de publicación de esta tesis, concluimos que, si bien los cibermedios se adecúan correctamente a los patrones de legibilidad e interfaz gráfica de usuario acorde a los contenidos que ofertan; no explotan las potencialidades que el soporte puede ofrecer. La aparición de nuevas vías de acceso y distribución de la información -redes móviles- replantean la necesidad de la difusión multiplataforma mediante la convergencia empresarial.

This paper is a result of the project News, networks, and users in the hybrid media system. Transformation of media industries and the news in the post-industrial era (RTI2018-095775-B-C43). We present our insights on the latest movements of the Spanish media industry and their influence in the conception of news production during 2020. Specifically, we focus on the implementation of news business models, namely paywalls and membership models, and the movements regarding intellectual property to protect the industry – and their impact on journalists as well. The irruption of the COVID-19 pandemics has accelerated some tendencies in this respect.

In December 2019, Chinese authorities informed the World Health Organization about a new coronavirus disease that would come to be called Covid-19. The world media began reporting on this new virus and its consequences. However, reports about Covid-19 would not appear in the European and American media until their societies became aware of both the health and economic consequences of Covid-19 in March 2020. This article analyzes the online media coverage of economic inequality. The goal is to understand the formation of the public agenda, based on the impact of the disease on social classes as the main factor generating greater inequality levels, in particular inequality of opportunities as the most remarkable topic during the first stage of the pandemic. According to the first results of this content analysis, the social class divide will be deepened by the pandemic. For this study, a tool was designed to analyze both the manifest and latent content of the items. Using content anal...

The construction of the users profile on mobile phones deals with pressing issues concerning data privacy and the delimitation of the public and private spheres. Therefore, a comparative analysis between ‘Privacy Terms and Conditions’ as well as the relation between operative systems Apple iOS, Android, Blackberry and Windows Phone, the relation of its hardware concerning the process of installation and configuration of some social media platforms and applications in the devices have been carried out. Selected social media platforms are Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter and Google + while applications are Instagram, WhatsApp, Line and Vine, considered mainly used ones. This study has been complemented with some primary conclusions obtained from exploratory focus group and survey in order to relate the characteristics and options technology offers with the feedback of its users. They show a concern about privacy issues taking care of some actions while admit not reading the terms and condi...

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo construir una herramienta metodológica que, a través de una ficha de análisis de contenido cualitativo, permita identificar rasgos transmedia en los relatos periodísticos. Este tipo de historias se han extendido en otros campos de la comunicación y han resultado exitosos gracias a la adaptación a los hábitos de consumos en la actual sociedad hiperconectada. El método empleado para su construcción se sustenta en una triangulación de técnicas –revisión de la literatura, entrevistas en profundidad con profesionales y directivos de medios y análisis de contenido– que permite sistematizar las características de los relatos transmedia desde una visión tanto académica como profesional, determinar las variables susceptibles de analizar y ajustarlas mediante el análisis de 13 historias periodísticas. El resultado ofrece un utensilio de análisis válido y replicable.

In 2020, in the midst of the first wave of the pandemic, the Spanish Government approved the implementation of the Minimum Living Income, a non-contributory benefit under the Spanish social security system that guarantees a minimum income for those in need of one. Drawing on previous work of Stefania Vicari et al. (2018) about the use of political hashtag publics and counter-visuality on the Italian Twittersphere, we analysed patterns of communication among users on Twitter. Thus, this paper contributes to existing research on the deliberative process within the digital sphere, with a particular focus on power structures and communication patterns. Findings show that digital-born media, politicians and political parties play a central role in the discussion through mention and quoted tweets practices, but not in the production of new messages, while ordinary users are more likely to be retweeted. This would suggest a tendency towards retransmitting and disseminating content produced...

La visión de personas a las que consideramos libres de los problemas mundanos, los monjes budistas, liderando manifestaciones pacíficas contra las injusticias sociales y sufrimiento de la población civil, se vuelve un pequeño shock a nuestras ideas preconcebidas. El presente artículo es una revisión de algunos conceptos budistas clave, como el karma y la interdependencia. La revisión de estos conceptos budistas puede ayudar a entender este pacifismo como una ruta política por un camino medio, y también para entender la ética budista como un camino y un fin en si misma.

Since the beginning of first online newspapers editions more than a decade ago, its design has experienced an evolution closely related to technological advances and the adaptation of communication firms to the development of the internet. In our recent doctoral thesis, we analized initial nodes from Elpais.com, Elmundo.es, Elcorreo.com, Lavanguardia.es, Elperiodico.com, Guardian.co.uk, Bild.de, Lemonde.fr, Nytimes.com, Oglobo.oglobo.com, Clarin.com, Emol.com, Reforma.com y Asahi.com based on graphic design, journalism ethics, information architecture, design and visualization and usability theories. We present in this paper the main conclusions reached in close relation to the search business model for internet in different support-media (platforms) and the design for their content.

The narrative of internet news is still mainly textual even when information comes from different previous media (press, radio, TV) or it is an “online native” cybermedia. Also its design is more related to a press one rather than an audiovisual one, bearing in mind internet potentialities. Only when we paid attention to infographics or some kind of specials, we could appreciate clearly an innovation in online journalistic genres. We propose a methodology to analyze online news from different type of cybermedia: only online and previous ones come from press, radio or TV. Methological approach will be based on content analysis and Information Architecture and Visualization, Interactive Design, Usability and Genre will be applied as main academic principles. Our aim is to focus on informative treatment and conclude which characteristics and at what level is cybermedia influenced by their previous counterpart (press, radio or TV). We will select one topic everyday and we will compare i...

Desde que en la década de los 90 surgieran los primeros cibermedios –medios de comunicación en internet- hasta nuestros días, 2011; dos décadas después, podemos ya referirnos a su estudio con cierto bagaje académico a nuestras espaldas. Proponemos en esta comunicación, una reflexión acerca de las diferentes metodologías expuestas hasta la fecha para el estudio del periodismo en internet, a las que añadimos la realizada en nuestra tesis doctoral -defendida en junio de 2010, Cum Laude- para los nodos iniciales –o portadas online- de los cibermedios Elpais.com, Elmundo.es, Elcorreo.com, Lavanguardia.es, Elperiodico.com, Bild.de, Lemonde.fr, Guardiam.co.uk, Nytimes.com, Oglobo.oglobo.com, Clarin.com, Emol.com, Reforma.com y Asahi.com. Basada en el análisis de contenido mediante una ficha descriptivo-interpretativa, nuestra metodología busca innovar en la interpretación de los resultados al observar los mismos desde un enfoque sintáctico-semántico que supere la narratividad textual y se ...

This paper summarizes the results of the research project funded by the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) about the “Impact of the internet on the mass media in the Basque Country” (2004-2006). It approaches to online provide a complete prospect about online journalism in Basque region. With this aim, media sites particularities are identified: history, typology, business models, challenges and future tendencies. Main differences and similarities between print newspapers and their online editions are also considered, due to originally print online media major advance. Likewise, other advance indicators such as journalistic genres are studied in more detail. The results suggest that online journalism in Basque Country and other Spanish regions is similar.

From the concept of technology intimacy which describes four levels / dimensions of interaction between Human Being and technology (internal perspective, external extension, interpersonal interactions and societal reflection), proposed by Boyce and Hancock; the state of the art concerning mobile phones and its interface design is analyzed. To propose a beta methodology, issues increasingly pressing concerning the delimitation of public and private spheres and the interaction in the common space as well as the alteration of space and time dimensions and changes in the perception and the way Human Being relate with the ecosystem due to the incorporation of mobile phones in the daily life have been considered. Our personal information has become the new Internet content value while European Union Commission is working on the ‘Right to be Forgotten’ and the common user is dealing with a different case law and legal framework between the U.S. and Europe. Therefore, to try to clarify the ...

The types of communicating vessel systems that form public and private "spheres" constitute a multifaceted, complex system that is connected to an almost intractable range of issues. The fact is that the facets of mobile technology – ubiquity, multimediality, multidirectionality – form a new context in which trends to renegotiate, defend, adapt or challenge notions of public and private are developed by individuals in their everyday lives and by social institutions through their rules and goals. This book, which brings together presentations from the conference "Public and Private in Mobile Communications", held in March 2015 at Beira Interior University, Portugal, particularly favors discussions on the uses that individuals make of mobile devices in their everyday practices. However, as a background issue, it also includes the sometimes implicit approach about the transformations that connect new technologies to certain cultural practices, forms of interaction a...

Doctora “Cum Laude” en Periodismo por la Universidad del País Vasco, “Diseño de nodos iniciales en cibermedios: un estudio comparativo”, orientada por el Prof. Dr. Javier Díaz Noci (Universidad Pompeu Fabra) y el Prof. Dr. Marcos Da Silva Palacios durante su estancia en la ...

This article presents the results of a study of social media uses and standards from the perspectives of online newspaper managers in Argentina, Colombia, Peru, Mexico, Venezuela, Spain, and Portugal.1 Interviews with online news managers and a content analysis of journalists’ use of Facebook and Twitter accounts show that cultural, economic, and organizational factors handicap news outlets’ adoption of social media. At the same time, evidence shows that these professionals’ drive and enthusiasm for transitioning to online and using social media have made meaningful changes in the ways news is produced in the Ibero-American region.

... Elias Sahid, PhD Universidad del Norte, Colombia Pedro Jerónimo, PhD candidate Faculty of Letters, University of Porto, CETAC.Media, Portugal Carlos Arcila, PhD Universidad del Norte, Colombia Ana Serrano, PhD Basque Country University/Cantabria University, Spain ...

El festejo popular sigue despertando la atencion de la ciudadania e, incluso, marca los tiempos de la sociedad en muchos lugares. Conscientes de la importancia de la comunicacion para mantener la esencia de estas celebraciones, cada vez son mas las entidades que tratan de gestionar la imagen que difunden a las personas que participan en ellas y a quienes se acercan puntualmente para disfrutar de sus peculiaridades. Este es el caso de la Junta de Cofradias de la Semana Santa de Cuenca, institucion encargada de velar por los intereses de una de las manifestaciones populares espanolas mas arraigadas y declarada de Interes Turistico Internacional. Los cambios en la comunicacion obligan a estos colectivos a adaptarse al nuevo paradigma comunicativo en el que aparecen multiples canales de difusion, una audiencia muy fragmentada y nuevos actores con capacidad de participar en procesos comunicacionales globales. Este trabajo analiza la labor del gabinete de comunicacion de la Junta de Cofra...

As stated by prominent academic experts in the field (Maloney, 2011, 2014; Scolari, 2013, transmedia narratives for journalism is an emerging field work in progress with enormous potential ahead. A review of the state of the art requires, therefore, going back to its origins mainly focused on the world of fiction: the seven principles described by Jenkins (2009): Spreadability vs. drillability; continuity vs. multiplicity; immersion vs. extractability; worldbuilding; seriability; subjectivity and performance. The dichotomies reflect the different possible dimensions of the message through several available media. Thus, while the message is spread, a world is being created by means of inter-related subjectivities and performances. Therefore, the objective of this essay is to offer an approach proposal that may allow to explore the characteristics and potentialities of transmedia logic and, specifically, of its narratives within journalism genres and new media interface design. Due to...

La desigualdad de ingresos es uno de los mayores desafíos de nuestras sociedades y uno de los temas principales de la agenda política reciente (Pickett y Wilkinson, 2015: 132), especialmente desde el colapso financiero global. Como Mike Savage (2016) afirma, “la desigualdad está en todas partes, en las representaciones que los medios hacen de la realidad, así como en nuestra vida social diaria o en las redes sociales”. Las redes sociales tienen el potencial de facilitar una democracia más participativa y un valor disruptivo para desafiar los intereses tradicionales y los modos de poder comunicativo (Loader y Mercea, 2011). Por lo tanto, nuestro objetivo es describir cómo se crea la opinión pública en relación con el concepto de desigualdad de ingresos en Twitter. Desde un punto de vista metodológico, tras haber realizado un análisis cuantitativo en trabajos previos, proponemos explorar el cualitativo a través de la recolección de 102.082 tuits en 2018 sobre el concepto de desigualda...

In December 2019, Chinese authorities informed the World Health Organization about a new coronavirus disease that would come to be called Covid-19. The world media began reporting on this new virus and its consequences. However, reports about Covid-19 would not appear in the European and American media until their societies became aware of both the health and economic consequences of Covid-19 in March 2020. This article analyzes the online media coverage of economic inequality. The goal is to understand the formation of the public agenda, based on the impact of the disease on social classes as the main factor generating greater inequality levels, in particular inequality of opportunities as the most remarkable topic during the first stage of the pandemic. According to the first results of this content analysis, the social class divide will be deepened by the pandemic. For this study, a tool was designed to analyze both the manifest and latent content of the items. Using content anal...

A dicotomia cidade-urbanismo versus casa-lar (arquitectura dos espaços interiores), a delimitação dos espaços público e privado e a produção de conteúdos como construção e definição do espaço do indivíduo servem de mote para a análise da imagem e da sua influência na configuração do espaço físico. Propõe-se a descrição e classificação dos tipos de conteúdos visuais exibidos por celebridades nas redes Facebook, Twitter e Instagram, concretamente nas páginas oficiais geridas pelas próprias figuras públicas. Privilegiaram-se as imagens fotográficas capturadas por smartphones para reflectir sobre os conceitos de público e privado, cuja imiscuição/delimitação destas duas esferas se tem traduzido numa evidente indefinição de fronteiras. Infere-se daí uma crescente publicitação do privado a par da privatização do público num contexto de microcosmo tecnológico. Aos media a imagem torna-se cada vez mais disponível e voluntária, estimulando igualmente a figura cidadão-repórter no papel de pap...

Desde que en 1990 surgieran los primeros cibermedios, el diseño de los mismos ha ido adaptándose a los contenidos que ofrece y a la evolución tecnológica del soporte; si bien, los citados avances se han producido mayoritariamente fuera del entorno periodístico donde las empresas, en general, aún no han encontrado su modelo de negocio. Hemos asistido en su evolución a la emancipación de cierto contenido de su versión impresa mediante el género de la infografía, principalmente, así como la incorporación de ciertos recursos multimedia y de participación del usuario; agente activo en la producción de contenido, modificando la estructura hasta ahora conocida de emisor-receptor en un entorno que ofrece aún más posibilidades para la creación y difusión de la información. Mediante la elaboración de una ficha en la que recogemos las teorías y directrices académicas respecto al empleo del color, la tipografía, los recursos gráficos, la arquitectura, diseño y visualización de la información, h...

In very few years in journalism, we have gone from looking at social science techniques, what was called precision journalism, to dealing with open data as a huge source of information that lead us to data journalism what connects with data science in the sense of using -again- scientific methods to extract knowledge and insights from structured data. This article offers an overview of that evolution and focuses on some prototypes that have emerged in this new journalistic ecosystem of data journalism, data visualization and data literacy.

Emotion is increasingly incorporated in the mobile communication and construction of messages, alter- ing the way our brain, and specifically our memory, deals with data. Meanwhile, characteristics of its user interface design are also opened to inter-related dimensions and liquid spheres.
Different methodologies were applied, bearing in mind the prominent challenges to face when treat- ing with a multi-task / - plexing human behaviour, a multi-linear way of understanding and expressing as well as of content creation and user performance: content analysis, surveys and focus group. Conclusions reached from different perspectives lead to the paradox of dealing with before “solidity” and the current “liquidity”. It is reflected both by the us- ers interface design as well as their content manage- ment and performance by / with the mobile devices. This relationship of mutual influence between “old” and “new” media was previously observed by McLu- han and its laws describing the ecological approach method.

Interface Design, Mobile Devices, Liquidity, Personal Data, Content Management